SMALL SATELLITES – Economic Trends
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SMALL SATELLITES Economic Trends Giovanni Facchinetti Intern – Defence SA – Space Industry and R&D Collaborations Master’s candidate – Universita’ Commerciale Luigi Bocconi, Milano Supervisors: Nicola Sasanelli AM Director – Space Industry and R&D Collaborations Defence SA Government of South Australia Michael Davis Chair SIAA – Space Industry Association of Australia www.spaceindustry.com.au Giovanni Cucinella Director, General IMT – Ingegneria Marketing Tecnologia www.imtsrl.it December 2016 “Quod Invenias Explorans Spatium Progressus Est Humanitatis” - Human Progress is in Space Exploration Hon Jay Weatherill - Premier of South Australia Facchinetti G, Sasanelli N, Davis M, Cucinella G SMALL SATELLITES – economic trends Disclaimer While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this report, the conclusions and the recommendations included in it constitute the opinions of the authors and should not be taken as representative of the views of Defence SA and the South Australian Government. No warranty, express or implied is made regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, reliability or usefulness of the whole or any part of the information contained in this document. You should seek your own independent expert advice and make your own enquiries and satisfy yourself of all aspects of the information contained in this document. Any use or reliance on any of information contained in this document is at your own risk in all things. The Government of South Australia and its servants and its agents disclaim all liability and responsibility (including for negligence) for any direct or indirect loss or damage which may be suffered by any person through using or relying on any of the information contained in this document. Any liability of the Government of South Australia, its servants or its agents in any way connected with the information contained in this document, whether or not such liability results from or involves negligence, will not exceed $100.00. Facchinetti G, Sasanelli N, Davis M, Cucinella G SMALL SATELLITES – economic trends Acknowledgements This report is the arrival point of a three-month research activity performed at Defence SA, and it has been made possible by a number of people whom I will always be deeply grateful to. First of all, I devote my absolute gratitude to Ms. Katrina Bisanju for her oustanding review efforts and the never-ending patience demonstrated. Thank you also for all the teachings, advice, sparks and the time spent together. Many thanks to the wonderful Defence SA team: thanks to Fiona for letting me partake in the Tour DeFence, an experience that I will never forget; thanks to Peter and David for all the insights on the authentic South Australian lifestyle as well as the constant kindness; thanks to Malcolm for making cricket less obscure; thanks to Susie for making every day starting much better; thanks to Rita, Jess, Reg, Rob and every single person in this amazing team. It’s so rare to find such a warm environment at work. I hope to catch up with you again, somewhere in time. I want to express special gratitude to my supervisors Mr. Michael Davis and Mr. Giovanni Cucinella, for the invaluable help provided and their kind words spent towards my work. I would like to express my highest gratitude to my main supervisor, Mr. Nicola Sasanelli, for making this experience possible and for all the lessons learned inside and outside the office. Many thanks also to his wonderful family, which hospitality made me feel undoubtedly at home, again. A special mention goes to Matteo Paone, the previous Bocconi candidate that kindly helped me in many ways with my stay. I couldn’t also avoid to mention all the extraordinary people I met in Adelaide and with whom I spent unforgettable moments: thank you Mim and Federico, Australia has been astonishing especially because of you; thanks to Vincenzo and Cristian, for all the beautiful Sunday mornings at your amazing radio show; thank you Fiona, Peter, Puja, Sukhmani, Saleem, Harry, Rochelle, Dario, Daniela and all the special people I met here. I enjoyed every single moment with you. I wish you all the best. Last but not least, I would like to destine my most sincere thanks to Valentina and my parents Monica and Maurizio, whose love and support are priceless. Facchinetti G, Sasanelli N, Davis M, Cucinella G SMALL SATELLITES – economic trends Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 4 1. THE WORLD OF SATELLITES .......................................................................... 5 1.1 Brief history of satellites .......................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Technology underneath ........................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Space industry overview .......................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Main segments and value chain ............................................................................................ 10 1.5 Financial considerations ........................................................................................................ 12 1.5.1 Satellite services ...................................................................................................................... 16 1.5.2 Satellite Manufacturing............................................................................................................. 17 1.5.3 Launch Industry ........................................................................................................................ 19 1.5.4 Ground Equipment ................................................................................................................... 20 1.6 Space commercialization and “NewSpace” emergence ..................................................... 20 2. THE SMALL SATELLITES ............................................................................... 25 2.1 Recent history and actual landscape .................................................................................... 25 2.2 Nano / Microsatellite Market and forecast ............................................................................ 29 2.2.1 Launch facts ...................................................................................................................... 29 2.2.2 Launch market ................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.3 Trends ............................................................................................................................... 32 2.2.4 Future developments ........................................................................................................ 33 2.2.5 Risk – space debris ........................................................................................................... 38 3. KEY PLAYERS ................................................................................................. 41 3.1 Earth observation .................................................................................................................... 42 3.1.1 Planet. ............................................................................................................................... 42 3.1.2 Digital Globe ...................................................................................................................... 44 3.1.3 Terra Bella ......................................................................................................................... 47 3.1.4 BlackSky Global ................................................................................................................ 48 3.1.5 Satellogic ........................................................................................................................... 50 3.1.6 OmniEarth ......................................................................................................................... 51 3.1.7 Hera Systems .................................................................................................................... 53 3.1.8 Astro Digital ....................................................................................................................... 54 3.1.9 Spire Global ....................................................................................................................... 55 3.1.10 GeoOptics ......................................................................................................................... 57 3.1.11 PlanetiQ ............................................................................................................................. 58 3.1.12 XpressSAR ........................................................................................................................ 59 3.1.13 Iceye .................................................................................................................................. 61 3.1.14 Dhruva Space .................................................................................................................... 62 3.1.15 Spacequest ....................................................................................................................... 63