Sremski Okrug

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Sremski Okrug OKRUGOKRUG SSRREEMMSSKKII OOPPŠŠTTIINNEE Inđija, Irig, Pećinci, Ruma, Sremska Mitrovica, Stara Pazova, Šabac, Šid Adaševci, Batrovci, Brdnik, Donji Petrovci, Erdevik, Gibarac, Golubinci, Hrtkovci, Inđija, Irig, Jarkovci, Jazak Prnjavor, Krčedin, Kupinovo, Laćarak, Morović, Novi Banovci, Obrež, Pećinci, Privina Glava, Ljuba, Ravnje, Ruma, Sot, Sremska Mitrovica, Stari Slankamen, Velika Remeta, Višnjićevo, Vrdnik, Zasavica, Šašinci, Šid 6-2 Sremski okrug Zahvata teritoriju Srema, bez Karakteristično za o vaj ok rug krajne severnog pojasa koji pripada Novom Sadu, i delove opštine AMBARI I ČARDA CI Sremska Mitrovica koje se nalaze ispod reke Save. Naj ve ći broj o ču va nih i iz van red no le pih am ba ra na la zi se Površina okruga iznosi 3486 km², a u Go lu bin ci ma, u kup no tri. To su am ba ri sa ko to ba njom po- broj stanovnika premašuje 335000. ro di ca Ga le čić, Lep ša no vić i Surduč ki. Am ba ri se na la ze u Okrug čini 7 opština i 109 naselja, ok vi ru pri vat nih dvo riš ta ko ja ni su ot vo re na za po se te, a je di- a administrativni centar je Sremska no pr va dva se mo gu (sa mo de li mič no) vi de ti sa u li ce. Mitrovica. U Ku pi no vu se na la ze dva am ba ra sa ko to ba njom, je dan u Sav skoj 15 i dru gi u Ži ke Ma ri či ća 17. Lju baz ni do ma ći ni do puš ta ju na merni ci ma u laz i raz gle da nje iz dvo riš ta. Na prethodnoj strani: Zasavica, pašnjak za krave, konje i magarce U Gi barcu se na la ze dva ma nja ob jek ta, am ba ra, ko ji i ma ju le po de ko ri sa na pro če lja. Am bar u Sve to ga Sa ve (biv ša M. Ti ta) 7 je pris tu pa čan, na la zi se po red cr kve, a li je u lo ši jem sta nju, dok se o naj u Sv. Sa ve 42 na la zi u pri vat nom dvo riš tu. ŠARM SEOSKOG DVORIŠTA U Karlov či ću je zaš ti ćen ceo po sed ko ji uk lju ču je stam be- Šta smo sve mogli videti u jednom običnom vojvođanskom ni ob jekt i u kup no tri am ba ra i dve ko to ba nje. Vr lo sklad na seljačkom dvorištu. Od građevina: kuću, manju ili veću, sa zgra da am ba ra sa ko to ba njom pos to ji u Srem skim Mi ha ljev- tremom (zvanim gong ili kong), letnju kujnu, štalu, svinjac, ci ma i A ša nji, dok se u Berka so vu na la zi de ko ri sa ni am bar. kokošinjac, ambar, šupu, čardak (kotobanja ili kotarka), peć sa Dva am ba ra u Kuz mi nu, u Sav skoj 94, i Zmaj Jo vi noj 57 pušnicom, trap. vi še ne pos to je, am bar u Ši du u Zmaj Jo vi noj 62 ne pos to ji, U delu ispod Save i Dunava, spisak je malo drugačiji. Tu su am bar sa ko to ba njom u Bu đa nov ci ma je iz go reo u po ža ru, se nalazili: vajat (ili "zgrada"), mlekar, koš (čardak ili salaš), dok je am bar u La ćarku za puš ten u ok vi ru do ma ćinstva ko je kačara, štala, obor, senik (plevnjak), sušara. se vi še ne odr ža va, kao i am bar u Ši du u Mo še Pi ja de 62. Pri gradnji, stambenom objektu se posvećivala najveća pažnja, dok su pomoćni bili građeni sa manje ili više uloženog FRUŠKOGORSKI MA NAS TI RI truda. Ipak, bilo je puno ekonomskih objekata koji su plenili svojim šarmom. Danas, kada polako iščezavaju i kada ih sve Ma nas ti ri Fruš ke Go re nas ta ja li su, ug lav nom, u vre me i ređe srećemo, u očima ljudi koji ih pamte (pa naša detinjstva su po os va ja nju Sr bi je od stra ne Tu ra ka, kao re zul tat nas to ja nja ih bila prepuna) oni polako dobijaju vrednost koju zaslužuju. da se kul tu ra i tra di ci ja sa ču va ju na re la tiv no mirni jem pros- Ekonomske objekte koji služe za čuvanje kukuruza u klipu to ru. Tač ni po da ci o grad nji za ve ći nu ne pos to je, spo mi nju zovu čardak, koš ili salaš. U Sremu ih zovu i kotobanje. se dru ga po lo vi na i kraj 15. ve ka, a li se pr va po mi nja nja u Čardaci se grade uzdignuti, s tim što se u ozidani prostor do ku men ti ma jav lja ju tek to kom šes naes tog ve ka. ispod njih smeštaju svinjac, obor ili šupa. U Sremu su U vre me naj živ lje grad nje, broj ma nas ti ra je sti gao do 36, karakteristične kombinacije, pa su se u produžetku gornjeg dela a za tim su us le di le pljač ke i ra za ra nja. pored čardaka (kotobanje), smeštali i ambari i šupe. Da nas ih je sa ču va no šes naest, i to su ma nas ti ri: Beo čin, Izduženi čardaci sa svojim skladnim linijama drvenih letvica, Be še no vo, Div ša (Đip ša), Gr ge teg, Ja zak, Kru še dol, Ku vež- prazni ili popunjeni, oduvek su se izdvajali među ostalim din, Ma la Re me ta, No vo Ho po vo, Pet ko vi ca, Pri vi na Gla va, objektima poljoprivrednog domaćinstva. Ipak, neki time nisu Ra ko vac, Ra va ni ca (Vr dnik), Ši ša to vac, Sta ro Ho po vo, Ve li- bili potpuno zadovoljni. ka Re me ta. Krajem 19. i početkom 20. veka Sremci počinju da ukrašavaju svoje ekonomske zgrade, bilo da su u pitanju ambari ili čardaci ili njihove kombinacije. Ostale zna me ni tos ti ok ru ga To postepeno dovodi do pravih umetničkih dela, pa se imena pojedinih majstora izdižu iz anonimnosti, a njihovi potpisi na KULTURA ostvarenim delima postaju obavezni. Najpoznatiji su Dešići iz Golubinaca za koje se kaže da su svoja izuzetna dela radili iz Muzejsko-galerijske pros to re pred stav lja ju: Mu zej Sre ma zadovoljstva, mnogo više nego radi zarade. i me mo ri jal na ga le ri ja La zar Vo za re vić os no va na 1973. go di- Zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture prepoznao je vrednosti i ne (Srem ska Mit ro vi ca), Kul turni cen tar (In đi ja), Ga le ri ja sli- zaštitio veliki broj ambara i čardaka na području Srema. ka Sa ve Šu ma no vi ća i Mu zej naiv ne u met nos ti "I li ja num" Međutim, zaštita je bila samo delimično uspešna. (Šid) i Me mo ri jal na so ba Da ni ce Jo va no vić, dru ge po re du Bez posebne namene i ekonomske isplativosti ti su objekti srpske a ka dem ske sli karke (Dom kul tu re u Beš ki). zahtevali previše ulaganja od svojih vlasnika, a mnogi od njih, odseljeni, svoje domaćinstvo i ne obilaze. U Viš nji će vu je u re đe na spo men ku ća sa pos tav kom pos- ve će nom na šem ču ve nom sle pom gus la ru Fi li pu Viš nji ću. Iz tih razloga, zavod planira da izgradi na jednom mestu etno-park i da sve preostale zaštićene objekte ovog tipa prenese U Pe ćin ci ma se na la zi Mu zej hle ba sa pos tav kom ši re ve- taj prostor, što je verovatno jedino pravo rešenje. Nadamo se da za nom za o vu na mirni cu, ko ji vo di vlas nik i kus tos, sli kar Je- će se uspeti u ovoj nameri i da će ovi lepotani nastaviti da re mi ja. nesebično dele svoj šarm. U In đi ji se prip re ma kom pleks ko ji će bi ti rep li ka keltskog na se lja, og ra đe nog, sa vi še ob je ka ta, tr gom i ma lim je ze rom. 64 Sremski okrug 6-3 Naj ve ći spomenički kom pleks u dr ža vi pred stav lja Spo- Pri ro du ok ru ga u pot pu nja va ju izvori Ja zak i U ba vac i men park Srem ski front pos ve ćen ve li koj bi ci pred kraj Dru- jezera Mo ha rač, Sot, Bru je i Pav lo vač ko. gog svet skog ra ta. Spo men grob lje (Šid) na la zi se na mes tu U vi si ni Slan ka me na, o ba lu Du na va či ni vi so ko uz dig nu ta gde je ne ko li ko hi lja da lju di mu če no i stra da lo to kom Dru gog les na za ra van -te ra sa. O či to formi ra na kroz mno ge eo le, sa ču- svet skog ra ta, a me đu nji ma i srpski sli kar Sa va Šu ma no vić. va la je važ ne za pi se o kli mi kroz sve fa ze svog nas ta ja nja.
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