DOCSLIB.ORG

Fungal Flora of Korea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Fungal Flora of Korea Volume 1, Number 2 Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Alternaria and Allied Genera 2015 National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment Fungal Flora of Korea Volume 1, Number 2 Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Alternaria and Allied Genera Seung Hun Yu Chungnam National University Fungal Flora of Korea Volume 1, Number 2 Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Alternaria and Allied Genera Copyright ⓒ 2015 by the National Institute of Biological Resources Published by the National Institute of Biological Resources Environmental Research Complex, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu Incheon, 404-708, Republic of Korea www.nibr.go.kr All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the National Institute of Biological Resources. ISBN : 9788968111259-96470 Government Publications Registration Number 11-1480592-000905-01 Printed by Junghaengsa, Inc. in Korea on acid-free paper Publisher : Kim, Sang-Bae Author : Seung Hun Yu Project Staff : Youn-Bong Ku, Ga Youn Cho, Eun-Young Lee Published on March 1, 2015 The Flora and Fauna of Korea logo was designed to represent six major target groups of the project including vertebrates, invertebrates, insects, algae, fungi, and bacteria. The book cover and the logo were designed by Jee-Yeon Koo. Preface The biological resources represent all the composition of organisms and genetic resources which possess the practical and potential values essential for human lives, and occupies a firm position in producing highly value-added products such as new breeds, new materials and new drugs as a means of boosting the national competitiveness. As Nagoya Protocol adopted in 2010 entered into force in the 12th Conference of Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 2014, the national and international environment in the approach and common ownership of profit on genetic resources has been rapidly changed, and the competition among the nations surrounding the genetic resources is expected to be highly intense. As a part of the program, each nation in the world is putting into order to secure the information about native organisms inhabiting in its own land. The National Institute of Biological Resources of the Ministry of Environment has been publishing the ‘Flora and Fauna of Korea’ from 2006 to generally manage biological resources and to enhance national competitiveness by setting the foundation for the sovereignty over biological resources. Professional research group consisting of professors of taxonomy and related experts has syste- matically examined a total of 10,752 species for the past 7 years to publish 120 volumes each in Korean and English, and 2 volumes of World Monograph covering 216 species. In addition, 30 volumes of the ‘Flora and Fauna of Korea’, both in Korean and in English, covering 1,665 species of invertebrates, insects and algae are additionally published this year. The publication of the ‘Flora and Fauna of Korea’ serve to identify indigenous species living in Korea, to investigate biota, to improve the quality of national biological resources management and to provide the opportunity to lay the groundwork for the biotechnological industrialization of bio- logical resources. And I hope the project initiated by The National Institute of Biological Resources of the Ministry of Environment will help to discover useful biological resources in Korea and to create high value-added activities including natural products, genetic resources and medical sub- stance development. The National Institute of Biological Resources of the Ministry of Environment will continue to accelerate the project of the publication of the ‘Flora and Fauna of Korea’ to identify the entity of Korean indigenous species in the future. Personally I would like to express my sincere appreciation for those experts who spared no effort to publish the biological monographs; Emeritus Professor Seung Hun Yu of Chungnam National University. Kim, Sang-Bae President National Institute of Biological Resources 1 Contents List of Taxa 3 Introduction 5 Historical Review of Taxonomy 6 Materials and Methods 10 Taxonomy 11 Taxonomic Notes 13 1. Alternaria acalyphae (Nelen) E.G. Simmons 16 2. Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler 19 3. Alternaria araliae H.C. Greene 22 4. Alternaria atra (Preuss) Woundenberg & Crous 24 5. Alternaria brassicae (Berkeley) Saccardo 26 6. Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire 29 7. Alternaria calendulae Ondrej˘ 32 8. Alternaria cassiae Jurair & A. Khan 34 9. Alternaria cinerariae Hori & Enjoji 36 10. Alternaria citri Ellis & N. Pierce 38 11. Alternaria cosmosa Y.L. Li & W.S. Wu 40 12. Alternaria cucumerina (Ellis & Everh.) J.A. Elliot 42 13. Alternaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves & Skolko 45 14. Alternaria dianthicola Neergaard 47 15. Alternaria embellisia Woundenberg & Crous 49 16. Alternaria gaisen Nagano ex Hara 51 17. Alternaria gossypina (Thüm.) J.C.F. Hopkins 53 18. Alternaria helianthinficiens E.G. Simmons, Walcz & R.G. Roberts 55 19. Alternaria iridicola (Ellis & Everh.) J.A. Elliot 57 20. Alternaria japonica Yoshii 59 21. Alternaria longipes (Ellis & Everh.) E.W. Mason 62 22. Alternaria macrospora Zimmermann 64 23. Alternaria mali Roberts 66 24. Alternaria nobilis (Vize) E.G. Simmons 68 25. Alternaria panax Whetzel 70 26. Alternaria peucedani S.H. Yu 73 27. Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri 75 28. Alternaria protenta E.G. Simmons 77 29. Alternaria radicina Meier, Drechsler & E.D. Eddy 79 30. Alternaria ricini (Yoshii) Hansford 81 31. Alternaria scirpicola (Fuckel) Sivanesan 83 32. Alternaria sesami (E. Kawam.) Mohanthy & Behera 85 33. Alternaria simsimi E.G. Simmons 87 2 Fungal Flora of Korea·Alternaria and Allied Genera 34. Alternaria solani Sorauer 89 35. Alternaria tagetica S.K. Shome & Mustafee 92 36. Alternaria tenuissima (Nees) Wiltshire 94 37. Alternaria tomatophila E.G. Simmons 96 38. Alternaria vanuatuensis E.G. Simmons & C.F. Hill 98 39. Alternaria zinniae H. Pape ex M.B. Ellis 100 40. Alternariaster helianthi (Hansf.) E.G. Simmons 103 41. Prathoda longissima (Deighton & MacGarvie) E.G. Simmons 105 42. Stemphylium astragali (Yoshii) W. Yamamoto 108 43. Stemphylium botryosum Wallroth 110 44. Stemphylium globuliferum (Vestergr.) E.G. Simmons 112 45. Stemphylium lycopersici (Enjoji) W. Yamamoto 114 46. Stemphylium platycodontis J.X. Deng & S.H. Yu 115 47. Stemphylium sarciniforme (Cavara) Wiltshire 117 48. Stemphylium solani G.F. Weber 119 49. Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) E.G. Simmons 121 50. Trichoconiella padwickii (Ganguly) B.L. Jain 124 Literature Cited 126 Plates 134 Index of Host Plants/Substrates 144 Index of Fungal Names 146 3 List of Taxa Phylum Ascomycota Class Dothideomycetes Order Pleosporales Family Pleosporaceae Genus Alternaria Nees, 1816 Alternaria acalyphae (Nelen) E.G. Simmons, 1994 Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, 1912 Alternaria araliae H.C. Greene, 1953 Alternaria atra (Preuss) Woundenberg & Crous, 2013 Alternaria brassicae (Berkeley) Saccardo, 1880 Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire, 1947 Alternaria calendulae Ondrej,˘ 1974 Alternaria cassiae Jurair & A. Khan, 1960 Alternaria cinerariae Hori & Enjoji, 1931 Alternaria citri Ellis & N. Pierce, 1902 Alternaria cosmosa Y.L. Li & W.S. Wu, 2005 Alternaria cucumerina (Ellis & Everh.) J.A. Elliot, 1917 Alternaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves & Skolko, 1944 Alternaria dianthicola Neergaard, 1945 Alternaria embellisia Woundenberg & Crous, 2013 Alternaria gaisen Nagano ex Hara, 1920 Alternaria gossypina (Thüm.) J.C.F. Hopkins, 1931 Alternaria helianthinficiens E.G. Simmons, Walcz & R.G. Roberts, 1986 Alternaria iridicola (Ellis & Everh.) J.A. Elliot, 1917 Alternaria japonica Yoshii, 1941 Alternaria longipes (Ellis & Everh.) E.W. Mason, 1928 Alternaria macrospora Zimmermann, 1904 Alternaria mali Roberts, 1914 Alternaria nobilis (Vize) E.G. Simmons, 2002 Alternaria panax Whetzel, 1912 Alternaria peucedani S.H. Yu, 2014 Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri, 1930 Alternaria protenta E.G. Simmons, 1986 Alternaria radicina Meier, Drechsler & E.D. Eddy, 1922 Alternaria ricini (Yoshii) Hansford, 1943 Alternaria scirpicola (Fuckel) Sivanesan, 1984 Alternaria sesami (E. Kawam.) Mohanthy & Behera, 1958 Alternaria simsimi E.G. Simmons, 2004 Alternaria solani Sorauer, 1896 Alternaria tagetica S.K. Shome & Mustafee, 1966 Alternaria tenuissima (Nees) Wiltshire, 1933 Alternaria tomatophila E.G. Simmons, 2000 4 Fungal Flora of Korea·Alternaria and Allied Genera Alternaria vanuatuensis E.G. Simmons & C.F. Hill, 2007 Alternaria zinniae H. Pape ex M.B. Ellis, 1972 Genus Alternariaster E.G. Simmons, 2007 Alternariaster helianthi (Hansf.) E.G. Simmons, 2007 Genus Prathoda Subramanian, 2007 Prathoda longissima (Deighton & MacGarvie) E.G. Simmons, 2007 Genus Stemphylium Wallroth, 1833 Stemphylium astragali (Yoshii) W. Yamamoto, 1960 Stemphylium botryosum Wallroth, 1833 Stemphylium globuliferum (Vestergr.) E.G. Simmons, 1969 Stemphylium lycopersici (Enjoji) W. Yamamoto, 1960 Stemphylium platycodontis J.X. Deng & S.H. Yu, 2014 Stemphylium sarciniforme (Cavara) Wiltshire, 1938 Stemphylium solani G.F. Weber, 1930 Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) E.G. Simmons, 1969 Genus Trichoconiella B.L. Jain, 1976 Trichoconiella padwickii (Ganguly) B.L. Jain, 1976 5 Introduction Alternaria is a dictyosporous genus of the family Pleosporaceae, order Pleosporales,
Recommended publications
  • Symptomology, Biology and Management of Alternaria Leaf Spot

    Symptomology, Biology and Management of Alternaria Leaf Spot

    The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10(6): 264-268 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.23 Symptomology, biology and management of Alternaria TPI 2021; 10(6): 264-268 © 2021 TPI leaf spot of mustard (Brassica spp.) www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 24-04-2021 Accepted: 30-05-2021 Ramesh Kumar and Poonam Shete Ramesh Kumar Department of Plant Pathology, Abstract School of Agriculture, Lovely Oilseed Brassica spp. is one of the most important diseases of oilseed crop in the world. Rapeseed Professional University, mustard are susceptible to a number of diseases which is caused by the living (biotic) pathogen. It is also Phagwara, Punjab, India known as Alternaria black spot diseases surrounded with yellow colours on the leaves which is known to be the most destructive diseases in the world. This disease is generally characterised by the different Poonam Shete names which are as follows, Alternaria brassica, Alternaria brassicola and Alternaria raphani. Department of Plant Pathology, Alternaria leaf spot pathogen produces lesion around the leaves, stem, and the Silique which cause School of Agriculture, Lovely reduction in defoliation. These pathogens are seed borne, soil borne, and airborne diseases. Alternaria Professional University, leaf spot diseases caused by the heavy rainfall and the weather with the highest diseases incidence. The Phagwara, Punjab, India Conidia, age of the host plant is also responsible for severity of the diseases. This disease is more 0 prominent during the summer seasons where the temperature falls 27- 28 C. This paper also determines the development of Alternaria leaf blightin Mustard crop in relation to the pathogen such as taxonomy, biology, epidemiology and their management through biological, chemical, cultural and botanical approaches.
  • ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No .: US 10,813,359 B2 Sword ( 45 ) Date of Patent : Oct

    ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No .: US 10,813,359 B2 Sword ( 45 ) Date of Patent : Oct

    US010813359B2 ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No .: US 10,813,359 B2 Sword ( 45 ) Date of Patent : Oct. 27 ,2 2020 ( 54 ) FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES FOR IMPROVED 6,689,880 B2 2/2004 Chen et al . CROP YIELDS AND PROTECTION FROM 6,823,623 B2 11/2004 Minato et al . 7,037,879 B2 5/2006 Imada et al . PESTS 7,080,034 B1 7/2006 Reams 7,084,331 B2 8/2006 Isawa et al . ( 71 ) Applicant: THE TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY 7,335,816 B2 2/2008 Kraus et al . SYSTEM , College Station , TX (US ) 7,341,868 B2 3/2008 Chopade et al . 7,485,451 B2 2/2009 VanderGheynst et al . 7,555,990 B2 7/2009 Beaujot ( 72 ) Inventor: Gregory A. Sword , College Station , 7,632,985 B2 12/2009 Malven et al . TX (US ) 7,763,420 B2 7/2010 Stritzker et al . 7,906,313 B2 3/2011 Henson et al . ( 73 ) Assignee : THE TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY 7,977,550 B2 7/2011 West et al . SYSTEM , College Station , TX (US ) 8,019,694 B2 9/2011 Fell et al . 8,143,045 B2 3/2012 Miansnikov et al . 8,455,198 B2 6/2013 Gao et al . ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 8,455,395 B2 6/2013 Miller et al . patent is extended or adjusted under 35 8,465,963 B2 6/2013 Rolston et al . U.S.C. 154 ( b ) by 0 days. 8,728,459 B2 5/2014 Isawa et al. 9,113,636 B2 1/2015 von Maltzahn et al .
  • Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management

    Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management

    Govind Singh Saharan Naresh Mehta Prabhu Dayal Meena Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management Govind Singh Saharan • Naresh Mehta Prabhu Dayal Meena Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Disease Management Govind Singh Saharan Naresh Mehta Plant Pathology Plant Pathology CCS Haryana Agricultural University CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar , Haryana , India Hisar , Haryana , India Prabhu Dayal Meena Crop Protection Unit ICAR Bharatpur , Rajasthan , India ISBN 978-981-10-0019-5 ISBN 978-981-10-0021-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0021-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015958091 Springer Singapore Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
  • Characterization of Alternaria Alternata Isolates Causing Brown Spot of Potatoes in South Africa

    Characterization of Alternaria Alternata Isolates Causing Brown Spot of Potatoes in South Africa

    Characterization of Alternaria alternata isolates causing brown spot of potatoes in South Africa By Joel Prince Dube Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Science (Agriculture) Plant Pathology In the faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology University of Pretoria Pretoria February 2014 © University of Pretoria DECLARATION I, Joel Prince Dube, declare that the thesis, which I hereby submit for the degree Master of Science (Agriculture) Plant Pathology at the University of Pretoria, is my own work and has not been previously submitted by me for a degree at this or any other tertiary institution. Signed: ___________________________ Date: ____________________________ i © University of Pretoria Acknowledgements I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks the contributions of the following: 1. First and foremost, the Almighty God by whose grace I am where I am today. I owe everything to him. 2. My supervisors, Prof. Jacquie van der Waals and Dr. Mariette Truter, for their unwavering support and guidance throughout my Masters journey. 3. Pathology programme @ UP for the opportunity and funding for my studies. 4. Syngenta for funding one of my chapters. 5. Charles Wairuri, Nelisiwe Khumalo, Alain Misse for their help with all my molecular work. 6. Colleagues in greenhouse for all their help, suggestions and contributions throughout my studies. 7. My family and friends for their financial, spiritual and moral support, it is greatly appreciated. ii © University of Pretoria Characterization of Alternaria alternata isolates causing brown spot of potatoes in South Africa By Joel Prince Dube Supervisor : Prof. J.
  • The Phylogeny of Plant and Animal Pathogens in the Ascomycota

    The Phylogeny of Plant and Animal Pathogens in the Ascomycota

    Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology (2001) 59, 165±187 doi:10.1006/pmpp.2001.0355, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on MINI-REVIEW The phylogeny of plant and animal pathogens in the Ascomycota MARY L. BERBEE* Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada (Accepted for publication August 2001) What makes a fungus pathogenic? In this review, phylogenetic inference is used to speculate on the evolution of plant and animal pathogens in the fungal Phylum Ascomycota. A phylogeny is presented using 297 18S ribosomal DNA sequences from GenBank and it is shown that most known plant pathogens are concentrated in four classes in the Ascomycota. Animal pathogens are also concentrated, but in two ascomycete classes that contain few, if any, plant pathogens. Rather than appearing as a constant character of a class, the ability to cause disease in plants and animals was gained and lost repeatedly. The genes that code for some traits involved in pathogenicity or virulence have been cloned and characterized, and so the evolutionary relationships of a few of the genes for enzymes and toxins known to play roles in diseases were explored. In general, these genes are too narrowly distributed and too recent in origin to explain the broad patterns of origin of pathogens. Co-evolution could potentially be part of an explanation for phylogenetic patterns of pathogenesis. Robust phylogenies not only of the fungi, but also of host plants and animals are becoming available, allowing for critical analysis of the nature of co-evolutionary warfare. Host animals, particularly human hosts have had little obvious eect on fungal evolution and most cases of fungal disease in humans appear to represent an evolutionary dead end for the fungus.
  • The Incidence of Alternaria Species Associated with Infected Sesamum Indicum L

    The Incidence of Alternaria Species Associated with Infected Sesamum Indicum L

    Plant Pathol. J. 1-11 (2017) https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.04.2017.0081 The Plant Pathology Journal pISSN 1598-2254 eISSN 2093-9280 ©The Korean Society of Plant Pathology Research Article Open Access The Incidence of Alternaria Species Associated with Infected Sesamum indicum L. Seeds from Fields of the Punjab, Pakistan Brian Gagosh Nayyar1*, Steve Woodward2, Luis A. J. Mur3, Abida Akram1, Muhammad Arshad1, S. M. Saqlan Naqvi4, and Shaista Akhund1 1Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan 2Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruikshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK 3Institute of Biological, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Wales, UK 4Department of Biochemistry, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan (Received on April 10, 2017; Revised on July 9, 2017; Accepted on July 23, 2017) Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is an important oil seed (KP123850.1) in GenBank accessions. The pathogenic- crop of Asia. Yields can be negatively impacted by vari- ity and virulence of these isolates of Alternaria alternata ous factors, including disease, particularly those caused was confirmed in inoculations of sesame plants result- by fungi which create problems in both production and ing in typical symptoms of leaf blight disease. This storage. Foliar diseases of sesame such as Alternaria leaf work confirms the identity of a major source of sesame blight may cause significant yield losses, with reductions leaf blight in Pakistan which will aid in formulating ef- in plant health and seed quality.
  • Major Diseases of Horticultural Crops and Their Management

    Major Diseases of Horticultural Crops and Their Management

    Major Diseases of Horticultural Crops and this Management Dr.G. Thiribhuvanamala, Dr.S.Nakkeeran and Dr. K.Eraivan Arutkani Aiyanathan Department of Plant Pathology Centre for Plant Protection Studies Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – 641 003 Introduction: The Horticulture (fruits including nuts, vegetables including potato, tuber crops, mushroom, ornamental plants including cut flowers, spices, plantation crops and medicinal and aromatic plants) has become a key drivers for economic development in many of the states in the country and it contributes 30.4 per cent to GDP of agriculture, which calls for knowledge and technical backstopping. Intensive cultivation of the high valued horticultural crops, resulted in the outbreak of several diseases of National importance. In recent days, stakeholders import planting materials from North American Countries. Introduction of planting materials also impose threat in the introduction of new diseases not known to be present earlier. However, the diseases, if not managed on a war foot, it will result in drrastic yield reduction and quality of the produces. Hence adoption of suitable management measures with low residue levels in the final produces becomes as a need of the hour. In this regard, this paper gives emphasis on the diagnosis of plant diseases and their management. 293 Diseases of Mango and their management 1. Anthracnose :Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Anthracnose symptoms occur on leaves, twigs, petioles, flower clusters (panicles), and fruits. The incidence of this disease can reach almost 100% in fruit produced under wet or very humid conditions. On leaves, lesions start as small, angular, brown to black spots and later enlarge to form extensive dead areas.
  • Characterization of Sheath Rot Pathogens from Major Rice-Growing

    Characterization of Sheath Rot Pathogens from Major Rice-Growing

    Promotor: Prof. Dr. Ir. Monica Höfte Laboratory of Phytopathology Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Co-Promoter: Dr. Ir. Obedi I. Nyamangyoku Department of Crop Science School of agriculture, Rural Development and Agricultural Economics College of Agriculture, Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda, RWANDA Dean : Prof. Dr. Ir. Marc Van Meirvenne Rector : Prof. Dr. Anne De Paepe ii Ir. Vincent de Paul Bigirimana Characterization of sheath rot pathogens from major rice- growing areas in Rwanda Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Applied Biological Sciences iii Dutch translation of the title: Karakterisatie van pathogenen die “sheath rot” veroorzaken in de belangrijkste rijstgebieden in Rwanda Cover illustration: Some sheath rot disease features: - Left upper side: microscopic picture of the reverse side of Fusarium andiyazi isolate RFNG10 on PDA medium; - Left lower side: microscopic picture of the front side of Fusarium andiyazi isolate RFNG10 isolate on PDA medium; - Center: illustration of rice sheath rot symptoms on a rice plant; - Right side: illustration of a phylogenetic tree of Pseudomonas isolates associated with rice sheath rot symptoms in Rwanda and the Philippines. This work was financially supported by a PhD grant from the Belgian Technical Cooperation (BTC) (reference number: 10RWA/0018). Additional funding was provided by the Ghent University. Cite as: BIGIRIMANA V.P. 2016. Characterisation of sheath rot pathogens from major rice-growing areas in Rwanda. PhD thesis, Ghent University, Belgium. ISBN Number: 978-90-5989-904-9 The author and the Promoters give the authorization to consult and to copy parts of this work for personal use only.
  • Studies in Mycology 75: 171–212

    Studies in Mycology 75: 171–212

    STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY 75: 171–212. Alternaria redefined J.H.C. Woudenberg1,2*, J.Z. Groenewald1, M. Binder1 and P.W. Crous1,2,3 1CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; 3Utrecht University, Department of Biology, Microbiology, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands *Correspondence: Joyce H.C. Woudenberg, [email protected] Abstract: Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus that includes saprobic, endophytic and pathogenic species associated with a wide variety of substrates. In recent years, DNA- based studies revealed multiple non-monophyletic genera within the Alternaria complex, and Alternaria species clades that do not always correlate to species-groups based on morphological characteristics. The Alternaria complex currently comprises nine genera and eight Alternaria sections. The aim of this study was to delineate phylogenetic lineages within Alternaria and allied genera based on nucleotide sequence data of parts of the 18S nrDNA, 28S nrDNA, ITS, GAPDH, RPB2 and TEF1-alpha gene regions. Our data reveal a Pleospora/Stemphylium clade sister to Embellisia annulata, and a well-supported Alternaria clade. The Alternaria clade contains 24 internal clades and six monotypic lineages, the assemblage of which we recognise as Alternaria. This puts the genera Allewia, Brachycladium, Chalastospora, Chmelia, Crivellia, Embellisia, Lewia, Nimbya, Sinomyces, Teretispora, Ulocladium, Undifilum and Ybotromyces in synonymy with Alternaria. In this study, we treat the 24 internal clades in the Alternaria complex as sections, which is a continuation of a recent proposal for the taxonomic treatment of lineages in Alternaria.
  • Molecular Approaches to Detect and Control Cercospora Kikuchii In

    Molecular Approaches to Detect and Control Cercospora Kikuchii In

    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2012 Molecular Approaches to Detect and Control Cercospora kikuchii in Soybeans Ashok Kumar Chanda Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Chanda, Ashok Kumar, "Molecular Approaches to Detect and Control Cercospora kikuchii in Soybeans" (2012). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3002. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3002 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO DETECT AND CONTROL CERCOSPORA KIKUCHII IN SOYBEANS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology by Ashok Kumar Chanda B.S., Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2001 M.S., Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2004 August 2012 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my Dear Mother, PADMAVATHI Dear Father, MADHAVA RAO Sweet Wife, MALA Little Angel, HAMSINI ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisors Dr. Zhi-Yuan Chen and Dr. Raymond Schneider, for giving me the opportunity to pursue this doctoral program, valuable guidance throughout my research as well as freedom to choose my work, kindness and constant encouragement, and teaching me how to become a molecular plant pathologist.
  • Impacts of Replanting American Ginseng on Fungal Assembly and Abundance in Response to Disease Outbreaks

    Impacts of Replanting American Ginseng on Fungal Assembly and Abundance in Response to Disease Outbreaks

    Archives of Microbiology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02196-8 ORIGINAL PAPER Impacts of replanting American ginseng on fungal assembly and abundance in response to disease outbreaks Li Ji1,2 · Lei Tian1 · Fahad Nasir1 · Jingjing Chang1,2 · Chunling Chang1 · Jianfeng Zhang3 · Xiujun Li1 · Chunjie Tian1,3 Received: 24 June 2020 / Revised: 24 December 2020 / Accepted: 4 February 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities are pivotal factors for continuous cropping of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.). However, the response of soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities to replant disease of American ginseng has not yet been studied. High-throughput sequencing and soil physicochemical analyses were undertaken to investigate the diference of soil fungal communities and environmental driver factors in new and old ginseng felds; the extent of replant disease in old ginseng felds closely related to changes in soil properties and fungal communi- ties was also determined. Results indicated that fungal communities in an old ginseng feld were more sensitive to the soil environment than those in a new ginseng feld, and fungal communities were mainly driven by soil organic matter (SOM), soil available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). Notably, healthy ginseng plants in new and old ginseng felds may infuence fungal communities by actively recruiting potential disease suppressive fungal agents such as Amphinema, Cladophialophora, Cadophora, Mortierella, and Wilcoxina. When these key groups and members were depleted, suppres- sive agents in the soil possibly declined, increasing the abundance of pathogens. Soil used to grow American ginseng in the old ginseng feld contained a variety of fungal pathogens, including Alternaria, Armillaria, Aphanoascus, Aspergillus, Setophoma, and Rhexocercosporidium.
  • EU Project Number 613678

    EU Project Number 613678

    EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 7 - REPORT on Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Grousset F, Wistermann A, Steffen K, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/112o3f5b0c014 DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on ORANGES AND MANDARINS – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background on oranges and mandarins ..................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Data on production and trade of orange and mandarin fruit ........................................................................ 5 1.3 Characteristics of the pathway ‘orange and mandarin fruit’ .......................................................................