Advanced Tools for Low-Carbon, High-Value Development of Historic Architecture in the Alpine Space

Advanced Tools for Low-carbon, high-value development of historic architecture in the Alpine Space.

D.T1.1.1 – Historic building typologies of the Alpine Space – “Typology approach

Priority 3 - Liveable Alpine Space

SO3.1 - Sustainably valorise Alpine Space cultural and natural heritage

Project ID: ASP644

Project duration: Start: 2018-04-17 End: 2021-04-16

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 2

Work package T1 Building stock analysis and documentation of good practice building solutions Activity A.T1.1 Definition of building typologies for historic alpine architecture (Deliverable D.T1.1.1) WP C Responsible MUAS

Deliverable responsible MUAS

Due Date 06.2019

Version 01

Submission Date 06.2019

Editors Tobias Listl, Prof. Dr. Silke Langenberg, Franziska Haas, Ahmed Khoja Dissemination Status d

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 3

Historic building typologies of the Alpine Space

Austria • France • Germany • Italy • Slovenia • Switzerland

D.T1.1.1 – Historic building typologies of the Alpine Space – “Typology approach” This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 4 Contents

1. Deliverable D.T1.1.1...... 6 2. Brief introduction ...... 6 3. Introduction Historic building typologies of the Alpine Space – “Typology approach” ...... 7 4. Attachments ...... 9 4.1. Instruction Manual of the Interface...... 9 4.2. Collection of Alpine archetypes ...... 10 4.3. Historic building typologies ...... 11 4.3.1. Archetype 1: Walserhaus ...... 11 4.3.2. Archetype 2: Heidenhaus ...... 16 4.3.3. Archetype 3: Obergommerhaus ...... 21 4.3.4. Archetype 4: Engerdinerhaus ...... 26 4.3.5. Archetype 5: Schwyzer Herrenhäuser ...... 31 4.3.6. Archetype 6: Toggenburger Haus ...... 35 4.3.7. Archetype 7: Jurahaus ...... 41 4.3.8. Archetype 8: Waldlerhaus ...... 47 4.3.9. Archetype 9: Schwarzwaldhaus ...... 53 4.3.10. Archetype 10: Schauinsland Haus...... 57 4.3.11. Archetype 11: Bundwerk-Haus ...... 62 4.3.12. Archetype 12: Rottaler Bauernhaus ...... 66 4.3.13. Archetype 13: Blockbau ...... 72 4.3.14. Archetype 14: Salzburger Flachgauhof ...... 76 4.3.15. Archetype 15: Innstadthaus ...... 81 4.3.16. Archetype 16: Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus ...... 87

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 5

4.3.17. Archetype 17: Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus ...... 93 4.3.18. Archetype 18: Bovec House ...... 98 4.3.19. Archetype 19: Kobarid-Tolmin House ...... 103 4.3.20. Archetype 20: Skofja Loka-Cerkno House ...... 107 4.3.21. Archetype 21: Idrija miners House...... 111 4.3.22. Archetype 22: Lubenhaus ...... 115 4.3.23. Archetype 23: Lubenhaus II ...... 120 4.3.24. Archetype 24: Winehaus ...... 124 4.3.25. Archetype 25: Corphaus ...... 129 4.3.26. Archetype 26: Highlandhaus ...... 134

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 6 1. Deliverable D.T1.1.1

MUAS in collaboration with all project partners analyzed the historic building stock in Alpine Space. Based on existing databases/heritage repositories, they subdivided the historic building stock into different representative building typologies considering use, geometry, location, climate, architectural characteristics, construction and building age.

Deliverable T1.1.1 is a description of representative building typologies for the Alpine Space based on the analysis of existing databases, considering energy and heritage aspects. Detailed inventory and requirement analysis of the historic building stock.

2. Brief introduction

The historic building typologies of the European Alpine Space were collected with the help of our project partners and the data were determined and summarized in the following document. The typologies can be used both as an overview of the existing building stock and as an orientation guide for the target group of the project. With this method, general information such as building descriptions, the location of the building or the presumed age of construction can be communicated in a targeted manner. Furthermore, detailed information such as special construction details of each typology, special construction forms or the original use of the building types can be documented and communicated.

In the following, an exemplary building was included for each typology as an example. It may happen that other buildings belonging to the same type do not have all or additional features. The following historic building typologies do not claim to be complete. It is a collection that can be extended by many more typologies.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 7 3. Introduction Historic building typologies of the Alpine Space – “Typology approach”

This chapter provides a general description of representative building typologies for the Alpine Space based on the analysis of existing databases, considering energy and heritage aspects. A Detailed inventory and requirement analysis of the historic building stock is provided at the end of this deliverable.

The work on the building archetypes in the Alpine region is based on the clari- fication of terminology within Team MUAS and the subsequent coordination with all ATLAS project partners. Until the first project meeting in Munich, a first comprehensive description of the term was worked out. In addition, the first archetypes were classified and integrated. At the first project meeting in Mu- nich in 2018, the structure of the archetypes collection sheet was presented and discussed to the project partners in a prepared PowerPoint presentation. The terminology of defined an archetype was optimized and the orientation of the interesting examples was decided. From now on, the terminology will be focused on building typologies.

The research into building typologies started with an initial online research. Regional online platforms of the individual regions, towns and municipalities were investigated. Furthermore, the desktop research investigated online platforms for houses, museums, universities, preservation of historical monuments, etc. This research helped us to find out which building typologies exist in which region. With this information it was possible to organize and structure a research within the specialist literature. Access to specialist literature is possible in the library of the Munich University of Applied Sciences. The libraries of the University of Augsburg, the Technical University of Munich, the Bavarian State Office for the Conservation of

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 8

Monuments and the Bavarian State Li- brary were also used. In addition to literature searches, relevant experts were consulted. Building researchers, participating observers and BLfD members were asked for feedback. Contact was also be established with different open- air museums in the Alpine region and the surrounding area.

The information will be integrated by using the online platforms and telephone calls with the Glentleiten of the district of Upper Bavaria, the Franconian Open-Air Museum and the Ballenberg in Switzerland. Relevant institutions such as the Ju- rahausverein were also involved. Moreover, we have visited two archetypes for further clarifications. Simultaneously, a temporary interface for the future ATLAS homepage was be developed in coordination with Eurac (Franziska Haas) to document the collected data. The developed interface considers different categories in the form of selectable dropdown menus in which individual data can be entered. This interface is optimized and discussed up to the final status. The data for the regions in Germany, Switzerland and Austria were be collected by MUAS.

Archetypes in Italy, Slovenia and France were contributed by the project partners. The intermediate results were be discussed and optimized within the MUAS team and EURAC. Interim results were also presented to the other project partners through calls and feedback as per the progress on on demand. The collected feedback was included in the final results . An email with the list of archetypes and a user manual for the interface was created and sent to all project partners to commence with collection of the building typologies (see annex 3.1). The final version of the interface with about 24 archetypes in 6 different countries was presented to the PPs and discussed by the project members in Bovec.

The final list of the Historic building typologies of the Alpine Space is provided at the end of the document as an attachment (see chapter 3.2).

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 9 4. Attachments

4.1. Instruction Manual of the Interface

Instruction manual

This Excel is a first structure or prototype of the later homepage, the individual infopages in the screen- shots you will see in this manual, stand for the pages of the homepage. You can/should use this Excel to describe your own archetypes and example buildings that are typical for your region, which are not yet included in our list.

The structure:

If you open the Excel file, you will find in lower folder bar (in the red box) the individual archetypes like the "Walserhaus". The folders of the archetypes are colored green. Click on an archetype and the page opens with the individual information for the respective archetype.

The red folder contains an example building of the archetype "Jurahaus", which we have examined.

The purple folder is used to create the drop-down menus. In the first section you'll find the archetypes we’ve found so far. We have edited the green ones, the black ones still have to be edited. The list isn't finished, there are certainly some other archetypes that we haven't found, especially in Slovenia and France.

The structure of the archetypes using "Walserhaus" as an example

If you click on an archetype, the respective page opens. You must visualize it as the future web page. The first image has “Archetypes” selected, and you can see the first archetype infos. In the dropdown menu "Archetypes" you will see all archetypes you can select. The second image has “Elements” selected, and in this dropdown menu you can see every special item of the selected archetype.

The green folders which are framed in red describe the "Elements", "Building Material," "Construction," "Building Task", "Period/Era", and "Location" which are characteristic only for the selected archetype.

At the right end of the folder bar you will find a Example building that our students examined and measured. It belongs to the archetype "Jurahaus" and the information can be read in the red register line. In the information pages you will find all information about this building example. You can use it exactly as described above.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 10

4.2. Collection of Alpine archetypes

Collection of Alpine archetypes

Region Archtetypen Walserhaus Swizerland Heidenhaus Obergommerhaus Engadinerhaus Schwyzer Herrenhaus Gotthardhaus Haus der Baar Taunerhaus Toggenburger Haus Dreisässenhaus Schwyzer Bauernhaus Germany Jurahaus Waldlerhaus Schwarzwaldhaus Schauinsland-Haus Bundwerk Rottaler Bauernhaus Blockbau Markgräfler Haus Altoberscwäbisches Haus Haus der Schwäbischen Alb Haus der Ulmer Gegend Bauernhaus des Rieses Bayerisch-schwäbischer Mittentennenbau Bairisch-tirolerisch-salzburgerisches Einhaus Nordwestoberbayerisches Haus Landshuter Haus Ostbayerischer Vierseithof Gäubodenhof Grabendachhäuser Bodenseehaus Traunsteiner Gebirgshaus Allgäuer Flachdachhaus

Austria Inn-Salzach-Bauweise Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus Emmentaler bauernhaus Traunsteiner Gebirgshaus Italy Winehaus Crophaus Highlandhaus Laubenhaus-I Laubenhaus-II Slovenia Bovec House Kobarid-Tolmin House ofja Loka-Cerkno House Idrija Miners House

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 11

4.3. Historic building typologies 4.3.1. Archetype 1: Walserhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Disciption "Walserhaus is in Switzerland, Liechtenstein as well as in the Kleinwalsertal and Grosswalsertal the name for a historical type of log house, which owes its name to the Walser population. The builders took the construction techniques of the Obergommerhaus from the Upper Valais with them on their hikes, but adapted the construction methods in their new habitats to the local conditions."

Reference of Paebi assumed (based on copyright pics: claims)., Vals02, CC BY-SA 3.0

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Elements Roof Covering Disciption Roof Covering: of Element Where there were easily fissile granite slabs, the roofs were covered Reference of Paebi assumed (based on copyright with them, for example in Törbel or pics: claims)., Vals02, CC BY-SA 3.0 Vals. These roofs can often still be found in their original condition today. Slate slabs, such as those used in the Ried/Brig area, were less durable.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 12

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Elements Windows Disciption Windos: of Element Since the wood warped long after construction, vertical elements were kept as small as possible. This is the reason for the small windows of the old Walser houses. So that enough light could Reference of Andres Passwirth, Eggahuus1, CC BY-SA still fall in, rows of several windows were erected. These rows of pics: 3.0 windows were decorated with various friezes, which often show the age of the building. The friezes are often destroyed during window renovations or enlargements.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Elements Mouse Plates Disciption Mous plates: A landmark of the alpine building culture of the Walser are the mouse plates or barn legs. To prevent rats and mice from entering, a horizontal stone slab of slate or granite was installed on the vertical posts. Their surfaces were so smooth that mice and rats could not cling to their undersides. These stone slabs are today one of the landmarks of the alpine building culture of the Valais and the Walser.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 13

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Building Wood - Block building Disciption Masonry construction: Nature stone or Brick Materil of Element Winehaus used to

Reference of Paebi assumed (based on copyright pics: claims)., Vals02, CC BY-SA 3.0

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Specific Blockbau / Strickbu Discription Wallconstruction Blockbuilding: Constructio For the construction square beams made of larch wood with a thickness of approx. 16 cm were used. Reference of Romano1246, Bosco maison Walser The beams were knitted at the corners. The joints pics: 2011-07-11 13 00 39 PICT3291, were sealed with moss so that the inner walls did not have to be paneled. The untreated light beams turned black under the sun.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 14

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Building Residential-Stable House Discription Residential rural Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential purposes. The term "residential building" is also commonly used. In the rear part of the house are the stables, the animals contribute to the warming of the house in winter.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Construction 17. Jh. Discription Individual farms, such as the Hierahof Era near Lenzkirch-Saig, which is still managed today, reach an age of over 400 years.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 15

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Walserhaus

Country Switzerland Region Canton Wallis Location

rural/urban Freistehend? oder im verband? Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 16

4.3.2. Archetype 2: Heidenhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Heidenhaus Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Disciption "The popular term "Heidenhaus" means that this type is a particularly old house, a house that dates back to pre-Christian times..." Alte Bauernhäuser

Reference of Paebi, Reckingen Heidenkreuz und pics: Balkenkamin 15. Jh 12, CC BY-SA 4.0

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Elements 2 Floor Plan Disciption Floor Plan: of Element In old Heidenhäusern the living area is on the hillside. The stable standing on posts is directed towards the bottom of the valley. Younger Heidenhäuser no longer have the living rooms on the hillside but in the front with a free view.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 17

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Elements 2 Ridge stands Disciption Ridge stands: of Element The most conspicuous feature are the two about two meter long ridge Reference of Paebi, Mühlebach Kardinal Schiner Haus stands (Ständerstud) in the gable pics: 1435 12, CC BY-SA 4.0 facade front and back of the house. They are called Heidenkreuze because of the cross reliefs.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Elements 2 Ridge chamber Disciption Ridge chamber : of Element They are lower because they are built without a ridge chamber and they can be relatively long together with an attached hay barn.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 18

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Elements 2 Drip motifs Disciption Drip motifs: of Element The gable purlin consoles are wall-like projections on both sides of the house Reference of Paebi, Reckingen Tropfenkonsolen, CC front, which are provided with drip pics: BY-SA 4.0 motifs in the Heidenhaus.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Building Wood - Block building Disciption Wood- Block building Materil of Element The Blockbau is usually a single ridge house with a saddle roof. They are mostly Reference of Paebi, Reckingen Heidenkreuz und small one- to two-storey standard houses pics: Balkenkamin 15. Jh 12, CC BY-SA 4.0 with a rear part of the stable. At the end a barn is usually attached. The ground floor can be built of stone. Kneestock and/or upper floor are usually from wood.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 19

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Specific Ridge stands Discription Ridge stands: Constructio The ridge stands are grooved into the block wall to support the ridge. A pin connects the ridge purlins Reference of Paebi, Mühlebach Kardinal Schiner Haus with the stud for longitudinal stability. The lateral pics: 1435 12, CC BY-SA 4.0 grooves are connected to the horizontal beams of the gable wall to prevent the gable wall from bulging out. For anchoring downwards, the stud overlaps the beam running through at the bottom.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Building Residential - Agriculture Discription Residential-Agriculture Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential Reference of Paebi, Mühlebach Heidenhaus 1424 purposes. The term "residential building" is also pics: 7, CC BY-SA 4.0 commonly used. In the rear part of the house are the stables, the animals contribute to the warming of the house in winter.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 20

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Construction 15. Jh. Discription It is assumed that the evolution of the Era younger Heidenhäuser began in the 15th century.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Heidenhaus

Country Switzerland Region Canton Wallis Location Goms

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 21

4.3.3. Archetype 3: Obergommerhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Disciption "The Obergommerhaus is a type of house in the district of Goms in the Oberwallis. It is the original type of the Walser house, which was spread by the emigrated Walser in the rest of Switzerland, Liechtenstein as well as in the Kleinwalsertal and Grosswalsertal. The building techniques were taken from the Upper Valais, and the construction methods were adapted to the local conditions in the new habitats."

Reference of Paebi, Ernen Kapuzinerhaus 8, pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Elements 2 Windows & Arbours Disciption Windows & Arbours: of Element The house stands out on the gable front due to the construction of the originally small windows and their arrangement as well as on the eaves side due to the arcades raised under the roof (Löiben), which are provided with an external staircase.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 22

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Elements 2 Floor Plan Disciption Floor plan: The Obergommerhaus is a high- walled Strickbau made of larch Reference of Zinat, Grundriss Gommerhaus, CC BY-SA squared timber, which is divided into a pics: 3.0 front and rear building by a partition wall and rests on a white-painted wall storey.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Wood (Block) & Natural Stone Materil of Element The Obergommerhaus was built with natural stone on the ground floor and wood on the upper floor. The roof is also made of wood.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 23

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Specific Blockbau / Strickbu Discription Timber Scaffolding Construction Constructio The base of the Obergommer Haus is made of quarry stone. It may happen that the base of Reference of Paebi, Ernen Kapuzinerhaus 8, the rear building or the kitchen corner is pics: stepped. The Blockbau construction is usually made of squared lumber from larch wood and

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Elements 2 "Tätschdach" Disciption "Tätschdach" (Roof): A characteristic feature of the Obergommer Haus is the roof. The so- called "Tätschdach" has a roof pitch of only 20°. In former times the roof was always covered with board shingles, nowadays mostly with Eternit.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 24

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Building Residential-Stable House Discription Residential rural Task The Obergommer Haus is a residential and economically used house. A typical feature of the Obergommer Heidenhaus is the elongated shape. This form results from the residential house in the front and the stable building of the same height which is attached to the rear of the building.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Construction 15. Jh. Discription Due to the age of the wood, which is Era normally stored for one year, it is possible to determine the exact age of the wood by dendrochronology.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 25

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Obergommerhaus

Country Switzerland Region Oberwallis Location Goms

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 26

4.3.4. Archetype 4: Engerdinerhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Disciption "An Engadine house usually consists of several building epochs and has been continuously extended and added to according to the requirements of the addition principle. The new house was built on the old foundation walls, the houses destroyed by war and fire."

Reference of Paebi, Guarda 51, CC BY-SA 3.0 pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Elements 2 Massive stone walls Disciption Massive stone walls The Engadien houses look from the outside like massive natural stone Reference of Paebi, Ardez Tuor 135 2, CC BY-SA 3.0 walls, but only on the street side. The pics: facades are plastered and painted.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 27

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Elements 2 Sgraffito technique Disciption Sgraffito technique (Wallpainting): The Engadine houses are known for their sgraffito ornaments. The gable facades in particular are decorated Reference of Paebi, Ardez Sur En 4, CC BY-SA 3.0 with the sgraffito technique from Italy, which was pics: perfected in the Engadine. There are ornately decorated and painted bay windows and front gates in rococo carvings. The coats of arms, painted on, made of granite or in magnificent marble are the pride of the house.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Elements 2 Deep window lines Disciption Deep window lines: Due to the very thick walls, the window line shifts very far into the Reference of Paebi, Sils Hängenelke, CC BY-SA 4.0 interior. This creates deep, distinctive pics: window niches from the outside.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 28

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Elements 2 The oriel window Disciption Oriel (Fassadenerker): Often oriels were installed on the first floor. Reference of Paebi, Guarda 48, CC BY-SA 3.0 pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Wood-natural stone Materil On the street side, the economic part is walled in, with artificial or painted windows, etc.. On the side facing Reference of Paebi, Ardez Tuor 135 2, CC BY-SA 3.0 away from the road, it consists mainly of wood. The pics: upper gate (ground floor: residential part, barn entrance) and the lower gate (basement: stable) are on the gable side of the house.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 29

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Specific Timber Frame - natural stone Discription Timber Frame - natural stone wall Constructio The massive looking stone houses are mostly wooden houses in their core. Reference of Paebi, 13 Gaststube Herberge Savognin The walls made of wooden beams pics: 1579, CC BY-SA 4.0 were only covered with a mantle once they had settled down and the wood had dried out well.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 30

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Construction 12. Jh. Discription Little is known about the Era Engadinerhaus from Roman times to the medieval castle age.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Engadinerhaus

Country Switzerland Region Canton Graubünden Location Engadin

Country Austria Region Tirol Location Tyrol Oberinntal

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Vinschgau

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 31

4.3.5. Archetype 5: Schwyzer Herrenhäuser

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Disciption "Instead of simple dwellings, of which only a few have survived, from the middle of the 16th century successive new mansions of the leading Schwyz dynasties were built. Initially, however, the wooden construction method that had been tried and tested since the High Middle Ages was not abandoned, but combined with approaches of stone buildings." vgl. Mitteilungen des historischen Vereins des Kantons Schwyz

Reference of Stiftung Ital-Reding-Haus pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Elements 2 Roof Disciption Roof of Element The roofs of the Herrenhäuser are either saddle roofs with mighty gable Reference of Stiftung Ital-Reding-Haus walls and riders or large dormers. pics: Or there are large hipped roofs which also have dormers and ridge turrets.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 32

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Elements 2 Cubature & Location Disciption Cubature & Location: The manor houses are mighty, representative buildings and are characterised by their massive construction. They represent the upper class of the population and stand out clearly in form and shape from simple farmhouses. They stand freely in a mostly large area.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Building Natural stone building Disciption Natural stone Materil of Element While the first Herrenhäuser were still built of wood, but the typical Herrenhäuser were built of natural stone from the 16th century onwards. The building material natural stone was clearly more expensive than wood and made clear the better state of the house owners.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 33

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Specific Wall construction Discription Wall construction: Constructio The exterior walls consist of massive natural stone walls, most of which Reference of Stiftung Ital-Reding-Haus have large window and door openings. pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Building Residential (urban) Discription Residential urban Task Around the Schwyz village centre with the main square in the centre, from where the streets and alleys lead in all directions, there is a wreath of manor houses. The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential purposes. The term "residential building" is also

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 34

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Construction 16. Jh. Discription Between 1170 and 1340, in addition to the stone Era residential towers with their urban appearance, wooden panoramic buildings were also built, which bear witness to the high art of carpentry. From the 16th century onwards, these two basic forms developed into representative Herrenhäuser.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwyzer Herrenhaus

Country Switzerland Region Cantons Schwyz Location Schwyz

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 35

4.3.6. Archetype 6: Toggenburger Haus

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Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Disciption "It is clear that the builders of the Toggenbauer houses were not simple farmers. Merchants, officials and noblemen were the owners of these houses. ..."

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Elements 2 Roof shape Disciption Roof shape of the Nail-Roof: The development of the roof pitch was completed around 1700 and remained at approx. 90 degrees. The possibility of building steep roofs required the shingles to be fixed with nails, which is an essential feature of these house roofs.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 36

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Elements 2 Regid Chamber Disciption Ridge Chamber: The main reason why the Toggenburger houses developed a pitched roof was the Reference of 1-Byte, Wohnhaus Quelle Krinau, CC BY-SA 4.0 need to generate a large space in the attic, pics: the ridge chamber. They were used as a courtroom, meeting room, dining room and prayer room.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Elements 2 Windows Disciption Windows of Ridge Chamber: The ridge chamber can be read on the outer facade through a window band. Reference of 1-Byte, Wohnhaus Quelle Krinau, CC BY-SA 4.0 The window band consists of a pics: minimum of 5 to a maximum of 10 Kreuzstöcken (windows).

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 37

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Elements 2 Zürivieri Disciption Züri-Vieri: Flight saving triangles (Flugsparrendreieck) or Züri- Vieri are supporting structures for the rafter end on Reference of the gable side of the roof. A triangular connection is pics: created between the rafters, a kind of inserted stump throat beam and a vertical beam. In the upper layers it serves only as an ornament.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Elements 2 Klebdach Disciption Klebdach: The so-called " Klebdach " is to be found mostly at the gable sides. It covers the whole width of the façade of the windows of the individual floors, mostly also in the gable area. It serves the protection against the weather and the solar radiation.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 38

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Elements 2 Floor plan Disciption Floor plan: The typical floor plan of the Toggenburg House places the fireplace in the centre of the house. The individual rooms develop around this centre..

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Building Wood - Block building Disciption Wood- Block building Materil The Blockbau is usually a single ridge house with a saddle roof. They are mostly small one- to two-storey standard houses with a rear part of the stable. At the end a barn is usually attached. The ground floor can be built of stone. Kneestock and/or upper floor are usually from wood.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 39

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Specific Wall Construction Discription Wall construction: Constructio The logs are placed alternately with the thinner ends over the thicker ends of the trunks to take advantage of the full wood. The walls layered in this way penetrate each other at the corners through the "Verkämmungen" or "Verblattungen" of the individual pieces of wood.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Specific Purlin Roof Discription Purlin Roof: Constructio The purlin roof is characterised by foot purlins and a ridge purlin. The rafters rest on them. The ends of the purlins lie outside the interior of the roof and are usually protected from the weather by boards in front of the cut surfaces.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 40

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Building Residential or Agriculture Discription Residential rural Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential Reference of 1-Byte, Wohnhaus Quelle Krinau, CC BY-SA 4.0 purposes. The term "residential building" is also pics: commonly used. In addition, the Toggenburg House is primarily a farmhouse that bears witness to the influences of agricultural development.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Toggenburger Haus

Country Switzerland Region Canton St. Gallen Location Toggenburg

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 41

4.3.7. Archetype 7: Jurahaus

Year of Current use/ Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Constructio renovations renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Disciption "The Jurahaus is a house form occurring along the Altmühl valley between Treuchtlingen and Regensburg as well as the adjoining plateaus and side valleys which can be described as worldwide unique. The most prominent feature is the construction of the roofs. They are relatively flat and covered with several layers of thin limestone slabs, so-called Legschieferplatten. ..." http://www.jurahaus-verein.de/Hausarbeit-Text.pdf

Reference of Listl pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Elements Roof covering Disciption Roof covering The roofs are relatively flat and covered with several layers of thin lime slabs of Solnhofen lime slabs, so-called Reference of Listl Legschieferplatten. A maximum roof pitch of 30° is pics: possible so that these slabs do not slip off. Because the lime slab roof is very heavy - one square meter weighs between 180 and 200 kilograms, the roof structure is comparatively solid.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 42

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Elements Windows & Doors Disciption Windows & Doors Window and front door are small, rather sparse, clearly ordered but rarely exactly Reference of Listl symmetrical. . pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Elements Outside walls Disciption Outside Walls The outer walls of the ground floors are mostly made of solid limestone, the inner Reference of Listl walls and all upper floor walls can be pics: made of masonry or half-timbered.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 43

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Elements Cubature Disciption Cubature One characteristic is the compact structure; slightly wider at the bottom Reference of Listl than at the top, thus also optically firmly pics: connected to the ground.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Building Natural stone building Disciption Natural stone Materil The exterior walls of the ground floors are mostly solid limestone, while the interior Reference of HS Muc walls and all upper floor walls can be pics: masonry or half-timbered. The houses of rich farmers were larger and more stone than half-timbered was used.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 44

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Specific Roof construction Discription Roof Construction Constructio In a lying chair, the chair columns are inclined at an angle and are supported at the top by the tension latch. Reference of Listl Their base points are usually located on the ceiling beam pics: just above the outer wall or another load-bearing wall. Horizontal chairs can be arranged in purlin, rafter and collar beam roofs.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Specific Roof angle Discription Roof angle Constructio The roofs are relatively flat and covered with several layers of thin lime slabs of Reference of Listl Solnhofen lime slabs, so-called pics: Legschieferplatten. A maximum roof pitch of 30° is possible so that these slabs do not slip off.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 45

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Building Residential (rural) Discription Residential rural Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that Reference of Listl primarily serves residential purposes. pics: The term "residential building" is also commonly used.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Construction 14. Jh. Discription Dendrochronological examinations of Era a house in Marienstein near Eichstätt revealed that it was built in 1367; a Reference of Listl house in Westenstraße in Eichstätt pics: was dated 1344.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 46

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Country Germany Region Bavaria Location Eichstätt

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 47

4.3.8. Archetype 8: Waldlerhaus

Year of Monument Building Adress/GPS Current use/ Architect Construction Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Disciption The term "Wldlerhaus" describes the living and working quarters of a "Waldler" who lives in and from the forest area north of the Danube. ... cf. BLfD 2017 "Das Waldlerhaus. Mit der Vergangenheit in die Zukunft."

Reference of Rosa-Maria Rinkl, Bauernhaus, Kellburg pics: 3, CC BY-SA 4.0

Year of Current Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction use/ Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Elements 2 Ridge Column Disciption Ridge Column The ridge column is one of the few decorative elements, but also fulfils the function as a medium Reference of Rosa-Maria Rinkl, Bauernhaus, Kellburg 3, for hanging various things. Also on the eaves side pics: the upper floor was used outside. The console beams were supplemented so that boards, poles, ladders and the like could be stored dry here.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 48

Year of Current Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction use/ Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Elements 2 Balcony Disciption Balcony At the gable side in the upper floor, rarely at the eaves side, a balcony, called "Gang" or "Schrot", is usual. This balcony is very often boarded down to a few square metres, probably as protection against the rigors of the harsh climate.

Year of Current Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction use/ Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Elements 2 Outside walls Disciption Outside walls The ground floor can be made of stone. Kneestock and/or upper floor Reference of Rosa-Maria Rinkl, Waldlerhaus in Hilm are usually made of wood. pics: 8,, CC BY-SA 4.0

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 49

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Wood - natural stone Materil of Element The ground floor can be made of stone. Kneestock or upper floor are usually made Reference of luckyprof, Kager 7-1, CC BY-SA 3.0 of wood. pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Specific Wood processing Discription Wooden processing Constructio The length of the available log determines the size of the mostly rectangular or square building. The woods can be round, flattened or square flattened or sawn timber (beams).

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 50

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Specific Wooden Beam Construction Discription Wooden Beam Construction Constructio The Waldlerhaus is usually a single ridge house n with a saddle roof. They are mostly small one- to two-storey standard houses with a rear part of the stable. At the end a barn is usually attached. The ground floor can be built of stone. Kneestock and/or upper floor are usually from wood.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Specific Wood joints Discription Wood joints Constructio The walls layered in this way penetrate each other at the corners through the "Verkämmungen" or Reference of FrAnneser, Blockbohlenbauweise eines "Verblattungen" of the individual pieces of wood. pics: Böhmerwaldhauses in Masáka Lhota, CC BY-SA 4.0

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 51

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Building Residential (rural) Discription Residential Task Therural term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that Reference of FrAnneser, Böhmerwaldhaus in primarily serves residential purposes. pics: Stachy, CC BY-SA 4.0 The term "residential building" is also commonly used.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Construction 15. Jh. Discription The oldest Waldler Haus is located in Era Teisnach, Hochfeld 1 according to today's knowledge. The beams of the parlour were dendrologically dated to the year 1422.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 52

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Waldlerhaus

Country Germany Region Bavaria Location Bayerischer- & Oberpfälzerwald

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 53

4.3.9. Archetype 9: Schwarzwaldhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Disciption "The Schwarzwaldhaus is a real mountain house in which the location on the hillside plays a certain role and it is a residential-stable house. The building type is adapted to the special characteristics of the Black Forest: hillside location, long distances, large amounts of snow and strong wind loads."

Reference of Schwarzwälder, Vogtsbauernhof 1999, CC BY-SA 3.0 pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Elements 2 Hipped Roof Disciption Hipped Roof: of Element In summer, the protruding roof, which is deep on the sides, shades the walls of the house, but the sun, which is lower in winter, can warm them up.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 54

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Building Wood - Half-timbered Disciption Wood- Half-Timbered Materil of Element The Schwarzwaldhaus combines living and working rooms as well as stables. The Reference of Hermann A. Wiese, Schwarzwaldhaus, CC BY-SA other floors, which are built of wood, sit pics: 3.0 on a basement floor, which is usually built of natural stone.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Elements 2 Topographical situation Disciption Topographical situation: Usually on the eaves or gable side facing the slope. The attic, also called the Tenne, serves as a hay storage area and can be accessed via a ramp or footbridge from the slope behind the house (high driveway).

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 55

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Specific Timber Scaffolding Construction Discription Timber Scaffolding Construction Constructio These are basically wooden scaffolding structures. The basic house scaffolding, as well as the walls and floors, are made exclusively of wood.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Construction 17. Jh. Discription For example: Individual farms, such as Era the Hierahof near Lenzkirch-Saig, which is still managed today, reach an age of over 400 years.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 56

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schwarzwaldhaus

Country Germany Region Baden-Wuerttemberg Location Schwarzwald

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 57

4.3.10. Archetype 10: Schauinsland Haus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Disciption "The popular term "pagan house" means that this type is a particularly old house, a house that dates back to pre-Christian times..." Alte Bauernhäuser

Reference of Arnold Plesse, Freiburg 098schnie, CC BY 3.0 pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Elements 2 Roof overhang Disciption Roof overhang: of Element The roof of the Schauinsland houses has a very large roof overhang for drying wood, to protect it from the weather and shade in summer.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 58

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Elements 2 Balcony Disciption Balcony: of Element Mostly uncovered balcony on the gable side of the house.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 59

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Elements 2 Floor Plan Disciption Balcony: The Schauinsland House is the only Black Forest house whose ground floor is accessible from the Walm side. The entrance leads directly to the kitchen facing the mountain. The entrance for the cattle is also under the hipped roof on the narrow side. This is an essential difference to the other Black Forest houses, where the entrances for humans and animals are always on the long side of the house, as is the case with other stable houses.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Building Wood - Block building Disciption Wood- Block building Materil of Element The Blockbau is usually a single ridge house with a saddle roof. They are mostly small one- to two-storey standard houses with a rear part of the stable. At the end a barn is usually attached. The ground floor can be built of stone. Kneestock and/or upper floor are usually from wood.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 60

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Specific Framework Construction Discription Wall construction Constructio The logs are placed alternately with the thinner ends over the thicker ends of the trunks to take advantage of the full wood. The walls layered in this way penetrate each other at the corners through the "Verkämmungen" or "Verblattungen" of the individual pieces of wood.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Building Residential - Agriculture Discription Residential-Agriculture Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential purposes. The term "residential building" is also commonly used. In the rear part of the house are the stables, the animals contribute to the warming of the house in winter.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 61

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Construction 16. Jh. Discription It is assumed that the evolution of the Era younger Heidenhäuser began in the 16th century.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Schauinsland-Haus

Country Germany Region Baden-Wuerttemberg Location Schwarzwald

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 62

4.3.11. Archetype 11: Bundwerk-Haus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Disciption " It involved used wooden beams that were arranged partly in a lattice or diagonally over a cross. It often decorated the front and gable sides of agricultural buildings, frequently the grain barn or Stadel of quadrangular farms. ..."

Reference of Gras-Ober, Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons (cc-by-sa- pics: 3.0), Bundwerkstadel-2, CC BY-SA 3.0

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Elements 2 Outside Walls Disciption Walls: of Element . It often decorated the front and gable sides of agricultural buildings, frequently the grain barn or Stadel of quadrangular farms.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 63

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Wood- natural stone Materil of Element The collar is always made by wood. The ground floor can be bricked. Reference of Werner100359 - Eigenes Werk, CC0, pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Specific Wooden Beam Construction Discription Wall construction Constructio The north-eastern Upper Bavarian Bundwerk is a carpenter-like, standing framework of uprights and Reference of Rufus46, Doblberg 5 Glonn-3, CC BY-SA 3.0 beams with a wooden rear formwork, which leaves pics: the static structure of the supporting framework visible to the outside.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 64

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Year of Monument Building Adress/GPS Current use/ Architect Constructio Status renovations Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Construction 17. Jh. Discription The first buildings date is from around Era 1600. Bundwerk had its heyday between 1830 and 1860 when artists and woodcarvers, as well as carpenters, decorated the bundwerk with paintings and carvings, often with mythical creatures or Christian symbols.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 65

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bundwerk

Country Germany Region Bavaria Location Oberbayern

Austria Tyrol Werdenfelser Land

Italy South Tyrol

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 66

4.3.12. Archetype 12: Rottaler Bauernhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Disciption "The Rottaler Bauernhaus is the special form of a rural residential house in Niederbayern, which was mostly built in connection with a Rottaler Vierseithof and forms a functional unit with the other buildings grouped around a farm."

Reference of Konrad Lackerbeck, Bruder Konrads Geburtshaus, CC BY-SA 2.5 pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Elements 2 Entrance door Disciption Entrance door The Rottaler farmhouse is oriented from the gable to the farmhouse and the main entrance door is set in the middle of the gable front. This allows the entrance to a wide hallway called Fletz.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 67

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Elements 2 Gable side Disciption Gable side The fact that the broad side of the house is the gable side, in contrast to most other rural houses, is a typical feature of the Rottal farmhouse.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Elements 2 Roof overhang Disciption Roof overhang The Rottaler roof has a wide roof overhang in order to provide enough weather protection for the narrow balcony, so-called "Schrot", which was used to dry various farm products.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 68

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Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Elements 2 Door in gable Disciption Door in gable Often the Rottaler farmhouse has a door in the gable side which led to a so-called "high red".

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Building Wood - Block building Disciption Block building Materil The Blockbau is usually a single ridge house with a saddle roof. They are mostly small one- to two-storey standard houses with a rear part of the stable. At the end a barn is usually attached. The ground floor can be built of stone. Kneestock and/or upper floor are usually from wood.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 69

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Specific Floor plan Discription Floor plan Constructio For structural reasons, the floor plan of the upper floor is the same as on Reference of Didi43, Wohnhaus des Moserhofs (Bayerbach), CC BY-SAthe 4.0 ground floor. It therefore had a pics: wide hallway above the Fletz. This serves to ensure that the load-bearing walls lie on top of each other.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Specific Kniestock Discription Kniestock Constructio Often the Rottaler farmhouse has a door in the gable side which led to a so-called "high red". This meant that the top floor , which was usually slightly raised by a Kniestock, could be used as a drying or storage room if required.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 70

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Specific Ground floor walls Discription Ground floor walls Constructio In the 19th century it became a rule that the ground floor was bricked and only the upper floor and the top floor were made of beams.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Building Residential (rural) Discription Residential rural Task The Rottaler farmhouse is usually a pure residential house if it is a large farm. However, it can also be a stable house if there is not a lot of space, as the livestock is housed under the same roof as the people.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 71

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Construction 16. Jh. Discription This type of farm house probably developed in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Rottaler Bauernhaus

Country Germany Region Bavaria Location Niederbayern

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 72

4.3.13. Archetype 13: Blockbau

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Disciption "Wooden construction for the construction of a building in which the side walls are made of wooden beams stacked on top of each other. At the corner joints, they are stabilized with the right-angled beams in the beam quadrangle by wooden joints of the beam ends. This technique also uses the expression "knitted" log building. ..." Freund Henning 2006, Blockbau in Bewegung - Ökonomiegebäude als Bedeutungsträger alpiner Sach-Kultur. Waxmann Münster Seite 333

Reference of Marc-Lautenbacher, Blockhaus de la Rivière-Lacolle, vue pics: général avec pancarte, CC BY-SA 4.0

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Elements 2 Outside Walls Disciption Walls: of Element The log wall, which is usually based on a stone foundation or a hardwood frame (foot trees), is created by layering wood on top of each other. The length of the available logs determines the size of the mostly rectangular or square building.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 73

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Specific Wooden Beam Construction Discription Wall construction Constructio The logs are placed alternately with the thinner ends over the thicker ends of the trunks to take Reference of Giacomo1970, Eckverband in advantage of the full wood. The walls layered in pics: Rundholz, CC BY-SA 3.0 this way penetrate each other at the corners through the "Verkämmungen" or "Verblattungen" of the individual pieces of wood.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 74

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Specific Floor plan Discription Flour plan Constructio The length of the available trunk wood determines the size of the building, Reference of böhringer which is mostly rectangular or square pics: friedrich, Schwalbenschwanzverbindung1, in flour plan CC BY-SA 2.5

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 75

Year of Monument Building Adress/GPS Current use/ Architect Constructio Status renovations Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Blockbau

Construction 15. Jh. Discription Blockbau is ... already known since the Era Neolithic. ... the oldest still standing Blockbau date back to the Middle Ages.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Jurahaus

Country Germany Region Bavaria Location

Austria

Italy

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 76

4.3.14. Archetype 14: Salzburger Flachgauhof

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Disciption " The Salzburger Flachgauhof is a sociable farmstead. It is grouped into hamlets and villages, completely isolated farmsteads are rare. In the east richly designed gable front; in the west, the bad weather side, defensive by closed barn wings ..." vgl. Der Hof des Salzburger Flachgaus

Reference of Gliwi, Lebloh 14 (Anger), CC BY-SA 4.0 pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Elements 2 West facade Disciption West facade/ bad weather side: of Element The staggered, board-covered or scharschindle-covered openingless weather-fronts, ...,are one of the most important characteristics of old, unadulterated Salzburger Flachgaudörfer.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 77

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Elements 2 Floor Plan Disciption Floo Plan: of Element Almost square floor plan; on the ground floor, transverse to the ridge, a three-part division into living space (east), threshing floor (centre) and stable barn (Estonians). The living space is always accessible from the gable side.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Wood- natural stone Materil of Element Although Flachgauhöfe had been made of stone for centuries, it was not until the first half of the 19th century that the solid construction method (stone) became generally accepted instead of log construction (wood), partly for fire protection reasons.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 78

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Specific Wallconstruction Discription Wallconstruction Constructio In most cases, the exterior walls are built with natural stone in massive construction. The attic is made of wood.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Specific Wallconstruction_Wooden stand constructionDiscription Wallconstruction Barn Constructio The barn is built in a simple Wooden stand n construction.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 79

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Specific Roofconstruction Discription Rooconstruction Constructio The roof of Salzburger Flachgauhof is always a flat purlin roof and is originally a shingle roof.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Building Residential - Agriculture Discription Residential rural Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential purposes. The term "residential building" is also commonly used. An integral part of the building is a cattle barn.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 80

Year of Monument Building Adress/GPS Current use/ Architect Constructio Status renovations Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Construction 16. Jh. Discription "As far as the building stock is Era concerned, we do not know of any house that dates back further than the 16th century." vgl. Der Hof des Salzburger Flachgaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Salzbuzrger Flachgauhof

Country Austria Region Salzburger Land Location

Country Germany Region Oberbayern Location

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 81

4.3.15. Archetype 15: Innstadthaus

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Archetype Innstadthäuser

Disciption "Italy's architecture influenced the so-called Innstadthaus, the typical house form of the Inn-Salzach area."

Reference of Alexander Z., BurghausenOldTown, CC BY-SA 3.0 pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Elements 2 Gable side Disciption Gable side The Innstadthäuser are located in the centre of the city. The gable side of Reference of Alexander Z., MuehldorfOldTown1, CC the houses is oriented to the street. pics: BY-SA 3.0 The entrance is thus on the gable side.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 82

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Archetype Innstadthäuser

Elements 2 Closed facade line Disciption Closed facade line The fact that the gable side of the Innstadthäuser is facing the street Reference of Alexander Z., MuehldorfOldTown1, CC results in a closed facade line. It is a pics: BY-SA 3.0 series of houses without a passage in between. The effect of this building type is closed and uniform.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Elements 2 Vorswchussmauern Disciption Vorswchussmauern A typical feature of this archetype is a high brick, straight-closing blind wall Reference of Hjanko, Feuermauern FR, CC BY-SA 3.0 on the gable side (often crowned with pics: battlements). The blind wall conceals the roof view and makes the houses look larger.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 83

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Elements 2 Shingle roof Disciption Shingle roof The roofs of the Innstadthäuser are flat and covered with shingles.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Elements 2 Roof shape Disciption Roof shape The so-called " Grabendach " is a typical element of this archetype. The eaves run perpendicular to the street side between two houses, the eaves gutters penetrate the continuous house front.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 84

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Building Natural stone building Disciption Natural stone Materil Townhouses were built with more expensive materials such as stone, while wood was used in farmhouses. In addition, the stone masonry offered more protection Reference of Ueb-at, Hauptplatz ried im innkreis, CC BY-SA 3.0 against fires. pics: This construction of the high gable walls was introduced after some devastating fires in this area around the 16th- 17th century.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Specific Grabendach Discription Grabendach Constructio The upper ridge purlins, foot purlins and roof valleys of the trench roof Reference of Gerhard Piezinger, Rosenheim heilig either lie on inner walls or span the pics: geist, CC BY-SA 2.0 interior space freely between the outer walls.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 85

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Building Residential (urban) Discription Residential urban Task The term "residential building" under building law refers to a building that primarily serves residential purposes. The term "residential building" is also commonly used.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Construction 16. Jh. Discription From about the 16th to the middle of Era the 19th century, the Rosenheim roofscape (e.g.) was dominated by the typical "Grabendächer" of the inner city houses, to which so-called "Vorswchussmauern" were blinded.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 86

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Innstadthäuser

Country Germany Region Bavaria Location Wasserburg/Inn,

Country Austria Region Tyrol Location Tyrol Oberinntal

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Bozen

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 87

4.3.16. Archetype 16: Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

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Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Disciption "The farm and house forms within the Bregenzerwald are subdivided into a division between Vorder- and Hinterbregenzerwald, whereby the course of the Subersach forms the border between Vorder- and Hinterwald. The reasons for this two-part development are the different economic conditions and supra- regional influences.."

Reference of Rudolf Wüstner, Bregenzerwaldhaus, CC pics: BY-SA 2.5

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 Ground floor Disciption Ground floor The buildings are conspicuous by their dimensions and closeness. In terms of layout and type, the house belongs to the middle-floor type predominant in Vorarlberg. This is a fundamental difference to the courtyard of the Hinterbregenzerwald, as the front door leads into a hallway from which one can enter the kitchen, parlour and chambers as well as the utility room through a rear door.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 88

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 Roof Disciption Roof The roofing of the Bregenzerwälderhaus is always formed by a saddle roof. The early roofs are flatter (18-22 degrees) and later steeper (45 degrees) in older types.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 Windows Disciption Windows: The gable facade of the Bregenzerwälderhaus is Reference of Rudolf Wüstner, Bregenzerwaldhaus, CC characterised by two to three lines of large pics: BY-SA 2.5 windows with central beams. The windows are very large, untypical for a log house, and are one of the determining factors for the high living quality of the Bregenzerwälderhaus.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 89

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 "Schopf" Disciption "Schopf" of Element A special feature of the living area is the so-called "Schopf", a veranda-like extension with folding shutters, which extends over the entire sunny eaves side of the living area. On the side facing away from the sun, the "Schopf" can be found in closed construction and is thus integrated into the structure as a comb or as a room.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Wood-natural stone Materil On the street side, the economic part is walled in, with artificial or painted windows, etc.. On the side facing away from the road, it consists mainly of wood. The upper gate (ground floor: residential part, barn entrance) and the lower gate (basement: stable) are on the gable side of the house.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 90

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Specific Timber Frame - natural stone Discription Timber Frame - natural stone wall Constructio The massive looking stone houses are mostly wooden houses in their core. The walls made of wooden beams were only covered with a mantle once they had settled down and the wood had dried out well.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Specific "Schopf" Discription "Schopf" Constructio The "Schöpfe", the course of which extends over the full length of the building structure, are timber- framed and boarded and are extensions to both sides of the eaves and reach under the roof. They have about the width of a half parlour, which is the broad character of the courtyards, and serve different purposes.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 91

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Construction 17. Jh. Discription From the time of the 17th and 18th Era centuries, mostly older courtyards have been preserved as two-storey blockhouses built in a knit-head style from Egg to Schoppernau.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 92

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Vorderbregenzerwälderhaus

Country Austria Region Voralberg Location Bregenzerwald

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 93

1.1.1. Archetype 17: Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Reference of Rudolf Wüstner, Bregenzerwaldhaus, CC pics: BY-SA 2.5

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 Ground floor Disciption Ground floor The residential wing on the "Hochparterre" is designed as a corridor kitchen house. The corridor of the house, which is located in the middle of the house and runs from eaves to eaves, serves at the same time as a kitchen and access area for the living room and bedroom.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 94

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 Roof Disciption Roof The roofing of the Bregenzerwälderhaus is always formed by a saddle roof. The early roofs are flatter (18-22 degrees) and later steeper (45 degrees) in older types.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 "Schopf" Disciption "Schopf" A special feature of the living area is the so-called "Schopf", a veranda-like extension with folding shutters, which extends over the entire sunny eaves side of the living area. On the side facing away from the sun, the "Schopf" can be found in closed construction and is thus integrated into the structure as a comb or as a room.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 95

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Elements 2 Windows Disciption Windows: The gable facade of the Bregenzerwälderhaus is characterised by two to three lines of large Reference of Rudolf Wüstner, Bregenzerwaldhaus, CC windows with central beams. The windows are very pics: BY-SA 2.5 large, untypical for a log house, and are one of the determining factors for the high living quality of the Bregenzerwälderhaus.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Building Wood - Half-timbered Disciption Wood-natural stone Materil On the street side, the economic part is walled in, with artificial or painted windows, etc.. On the side facing away from the road, it consists mainly of wood. The upper gate (ground floor: residential part, barn entrance) and the lower gate (basement: stable) are on the gable side of the house.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 96

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Specific Wall construktion Discription Wall construction Constructio The massive looking stone houses are mostly wooden houses in their core. The walls made of wooden beams were only covered with a mantle once they had settled down and the wood had dried out well.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 97

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 98

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Hinterbregenzerwälderhaus

Country Austria Region Voralberg Location Bregenzerwald

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 99

3.3.18. Archetype 18: Bovec House

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Disciption Bovec house is typical for the area of Bovec and Trenta valley. The most recognised elements are the shape of the roof and the main entrance to the house with stairs and the balcony under a larger overhang.

Reference of Posoški razvojni center Archive pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Construction renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Elements Roof ending Disciption of The roof ending called 'čok' is only Element used in Bovec house. Traditionally the roof was covered with wood (skodlje) Reference of Triglav National Park Archive or with straw in the lower parts of the pics: valley. The elevation of the roof is about 60 degrees.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 100

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Construction renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Elements Outer stairs with balcony as main entrance Disciption of The ground floor was traditionally used Element as a stable, the main entrance to the building was via stairs and the balcony on the front side of the house.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption of Stone – stone was used as the main construction Materil Element element for the bottom part of the house. Wood – balcony, stairs and upper part of the house is made of wood

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 101

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Specific Discription Normally it is a one storey house with massive stone Construction construction. The bottom part was used as a stable. The chimney was often separated from the main construction.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Building Residential-Stable House Discription The ground floor was used as a stable - the animals Task contribute to the warming of the house in winter. The first floor was residential and the attic was used for hay storage.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 102

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Construction 18. Jh. Discription Bovec house developed from a Era common slovenain alpine house type in 18th century.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Bovec house

Country Slovenia Region Goriska Location

Reference of Triglav National Park Archive pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 103

3.3.19. Archetype 19: Kobarid-Tolmin House

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Disciption Kobarid-Tolmin house type developed in an area with a milder climate. An important element at its development was the first world war where majority of the buildings had to be renovated. Merging of buildings in groups is typical for settlements.

Reference of Posoški razvojni center Archive pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Construction renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Elements influence of mediterranean typology Disciption of Kobarid-Tolmin house features some Element elements that originate from mediteranean area due to vicinity to Reference of Tolminski muzej this area. pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 104

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Building Natural stone building Disciption of Stone – stone was used as the main construction Materil Element element for the bottom part of the house. Wood –some elements are made of wood Reference of Triglav National Park Archive Traditional straw roof covering was replaced by brick pics: roof.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Specific Discription The house has a simple ground plan with unified Construction construction volume. Most common are one storey houses. Reference of GEAart in NATUR-ETNO ALP, pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 105

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Building Residential (rural) Discription Kobarid-Tolmin type of house was used both in rural Task Residential (urban) and urban areas with minor differences.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Construction 19. Jh. Discription The biggest development of the house Era stock was done after the 1st world war because of severe damage on the buildings.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 106

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Kobarid-Tolmin house

Country Slovenia Region Goriska Location

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 107

3.3.20. Archetype 20: Skofja Loka-Cerkno House

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Disciption Škofja loka-Cerkno house is recognised by its multistorey main building that is often accompanied by many smaller secondary buildings used for farming purposes. Very often there are paintings on the facade.

Reference of kofja Loka, Razvojna agencija Sora d.o.o. pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Construction renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Elements paintings on the facade Disciption of Many of the houses have paintings on Element the facade to reflect importance of the house owner. Reference of Tolminski muzej pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 108

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Building Natural stone building Disciption of The house was made of stone with some wooden Materil Element elements (ceiling, stairs, windows).

Reference of Visit Cerkno & LTO Laufar Cerkno 2017 pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Specific Discription It is a multistorey house with saddle roof Construction traditionally covered with straw. There is a big number of windows. The house is built with local stone and plastered.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 109

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Building Residential (rural) Discription Škofja Loka-Cerkno type of house was used both in Task Residential (urban) rural and urban areas with minor differences.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Construction 18. Jh. Discription Škofja Loka-Cerkno house has been Era developing since 14th century.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 110

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Skofja Loka-Cerkno house

Country Slovenia Region Goriska Location

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 111

3.3.21. Archetype 21: Idrija miners House

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Disciption The Idrija Miners’ house is a unique architecture in the town of Idrija and wider. While the higher class buildings (Škofja Loka-Cerkno archetype) were located in the center of the town, miners house were built in the slopes on the edge of Idrija.

Reference of Kulturno društvo prostoRož pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Construction renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Elements symmetric facade with Disciption of Typical element of Idrija miners house small dimension Element regarding windows are also roof windows. Reference of PIRH Archive pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 112

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption of The main construction is bult of stone, interior walls in Materil Element the upper floor are made of wood.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Specific Discription Multi storey house with steep inclination of the roof. Construction Facase is symmetric with many small dimension windows.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 113

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Building Residential (rural) Discription Idrija miner house is a type of multifamily building Task that was privately owned by the workers: the first floor was occupied by the owner’s family while the upper floors were being rented. The majority of miners’ houses therefore housed up to 20 or more people at a time.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Construction 18. Jh. Discription Idrija miners house reached the height Era of its popularity in the “century of the miners’ house” spanning from 1776 and 1876

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 114

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Construction renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Idrija miners house

Country Slovenia Region Goriška Location Idrija

Reference of Google Maps pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 115

3.3.22. Archetype 22: Lubenhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Disciption The Laubenhaus had a fixed pattern when initially constructed: arcades were on front of the street, shops followed the arcades on the ground floor and opened to the street, a small yard was on behind of the shop and leading to the stables for livestock, apartments were on upper floors. In the case of Laubenhaus-I, the pattern further developed: the yard and stables were abandoned and the shop extends backwards.

Reference of PORTICI 45 - VIA ARGENTIERI 10, Bozen, MomumentBrowser pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Elements 2 External façade decoration Disciption Stucco and fresco: The rich stucco and fresco on the façade are of great asetheic value. In Reference of 1. PORTICI 9 - VICOLO GUMER 6, Bozen, MomumentBrowser addition, they are fragile resource that pics: 2.TROYBURG, Bozen, MomumentBrowser require maintenance and rehabilitation of the walls.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 116

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Building Natural stone building Disciption Materil The buildings were intially built in wood on upper floor and in natural stone on the lower floors. However, after several devastating fire, the Laubenhaus were reconstructed all in masonry.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Elements 2 Arcade Disciption Arcade: Reference of PORTICI 7 - VICOLO GUMER 4, Bozen, MomumentBrowser pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 117

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Elements 2 Erker Disciption Erker: Reference of https://www.bolzano-bozen.it/en/historic- pics: streets-square-bolzano.htm

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Elements 2 Wrought-iron Disciption Wrought-iron railing & grating: Wrought-iron is often used on b Reference of 1. PORTICI 64-66, Bozen, MomumentBrowser pics: 2. VIA ARGENTIERI 18, Bozen, MomumentBrowser

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 118

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Specific Atrium Discription Atrium: Constructio Due to the prosperity of the trading and craft, the n horticulture and stable area was abandoned and the building extended backwards. The depth of the Reference of Imparando dal passato: il recupero e extension could reach to 60 m. To ensure enough light in pics: l’ottimizzazione del comportamento energetico originario delle abitazione dei “Portici” a the residence, two or three atrium were inserted in Bolzano between.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Building Residential - commerical Discription Residential urban Task Different with other farmhouses, these urban residence not only held dwelling functions, but also trading function.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 119

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument renovations Archetype Element Building Construction Building Period/Era Location

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Construction 11. jh. Discription During 11th to 13th century, several inhabitants were elevated as cities and granted with market rights. Laubenhauses were built during this period. Most of these cities were ruled by bishop-prince who promoted the prosperity of the city, and developed

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Bozen Meran Brixen Sterzing

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 120

3.3.23. Archetype 23: Lubenhaus II

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-II

Disciption The Laubenhaus had a fixed pattern when initially constructed: arcades were on front of the street, shops followed the arcades on the ground floor and opened to the street, a small yard was on behind of the shop and leading to the stables for livestock, apartments were on upper floors. In the case of Laubenhaus-II, the pattern remains similar with the original form.

Reference of VIA PORTICI 11, Glurns, MomumentBrowser pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-II

Elements 2 External façade decoration Disciption Some of the Laubenhaus-II were decorated with sacred symbol or Reference of 1. VIA PORTICI 12, Glurns, MomumentBrowser family emblem. pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 121

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Elements 2 Arcade Disciption Arcade: Reference of VIA PORTICI 22, Glurns, MomumentBrowser pics:

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-II

Building Natural stone building Disciption Materil The building was intially built in wood on upper floor and in natural stone on the lower floors. However, after several devastating fire, the Laubenhauses were reconstructed in masonry.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 122

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-II

Specific Barrel vault Discription Barrel vault is generally used on the ground floor of Constructio Laubenhaus-II, specially in kitchen. Sometimes it is also used on the ceiling of first floor .

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-II

Building Residential (urban) Discription Residential urban Task These urban residence used to held both dwelling and trading functions, but nowadays only used as residence.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 123

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument renovations Archetype Element Building Construction Building Period/Era Location

Archetype Laubenhaus-II

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Laubenhaus-I

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Glurns Neumarkt

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 124

3.3.24. Archetype 24: Winehaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Disciption In the viticulture area of South Tyrol (around 200-1000m in altitude), Winehaus is widely spread. Winehaus is an individual farmstead which provides all the volumes required for processing and storing wine, as well as residential space for the farmers. The construction could date back to Romans. The basement is arched and has an ideal temperature for wine process and storage.

Reference of Der Schwenkelhof in Kurtatsch, Bauen im ländlichen Raum pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Elements External façade decoration Disciption Some of the Winehauses were of Element decorated with fresco painting.

Reference of PIANIZZA DI SOPRA 47, CALDARO, MomumentBrowser pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 125

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Elements Proportion Disciption There is a sophisticated proportion of Element existing in farmhouses that can hardly be accidental. One or two units are Reference of Unterland, Bauen im ländlichen Raum used in façade plan and floor plan. It is pics: also inferred that the external wall complies with the grid. The basic unit is always the height of the entrance floor, and it varies from building to

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

Elements 2 Internal façade decoration Disciption Stube: “Stube” originally refers to the wood panelled parlor. This wooden internal Reference of 1. Ahrntal, Natürliche Bauweisen fitted parlor appears in castles, pics: 2.Ahrntal, Natürliche Bauweisen: Bauernhöfe in Südtirol monasteries and ecclesiastical possessions at the beginning, and then was taken over by farmhouses, and became a characteristic of the rural

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 126

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Building Natural stone building Disciption The building was constructed with natural stone or Materil Brick of Element bricks.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Specific Vault Discription Cellers are often vaulted and used for wine Constructio processing and storage.

Reference of VIA PORTICI 11, Glurns, MomumentBrowser pics:

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 127

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Specific External stairs Discription Upper floor could be reached by an external stairs Constructio which could save indoor space. This approach was possible in Winehaus thanks to the relatively warm Reference of PIANIZZA DI SOPRA 13, CALDARO, MomumentBrowser climate condition comparing to other locations in pics: South Tyrol.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Building Residential - Agriculture Discription In this region, grape and other fruit planting Task (especially apple) has a long tradition, and almost every farm work independently for viticulture. Therefore, each farm possessed all the volumes required by the wine production: a residential building, a former stable, the torggel and storage.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 128

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Period/Era Archetype Element Construction Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Construction 16. Jh. Discription Most building could date back to 16- Era 17th century.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Climate zone A

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 129

3.3.25. Archetype 25: Corphaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Crophaus

Disciption Crophaus is the farmhouse appears in the relatively high altitude region (around 600-1300m) of South Tyrol, where the main supporting agriculture is cereal planting. Farmers usually reside and cultivate at this region.

Reference of HIRSCHEN, CORCES, MomumentBrowser pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status ArchetypeHistoric Significant ElementBuilding Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Crophaus

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 130

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status ArchetypeHistoric Significant ElementBuilding Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Elements Proportion Disciption There is a sophisticated proportion existing in farmhouses that can hardly be accidental. One or two units are Reference of Eisacktal, Bauen im ländlichen Raum used in façade plan and floor plan. It is pics: also inferred that the external wall complies with the grid. The basic unit is always the height of the entrance floor, and it varies from building to

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Crophaus

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Materil Crophaus is usually constructed of masonry on the groud and first floor, and wood on the attic and roof.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 131

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Crophaus

Specific Blockbau Discription Wooden structure: Constructio Ständerbohlenbau/Ständerblockbau Different with masonry buildings, the wooden Bundwerk structure has to be planned in detail, untill effective technical solutions are defined with respect to local Reference of 1. KAMPEDELLER, CASTELROTTO, MomumentBrowser conditions and the individual needs of the pics: inhabitants. Several wooden structures could be found in Highlandhauses.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Crophaus

Specific Roof Discription Some crophauses own an unique roof construction Constructio which has stone weighting on the top.

Reference of 1VIA SIGNORI 8, LACES, MomumentBrowser pics: 2. SCHNITZER AUF HINTERPLATZ CON FORNO, SAN LEONARDO IN PASSIRIA, Google map

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 132

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Crophaus

Building Residential - Agriculture Discription Task The farmers live on cereal farming and had dairy farming as a supplement. Therefore, crophaus held only the dwelling and cereal process and storage funtion.

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument renovations Archetype Element Building Construction Building Period/Era Location

Archetype Highlandhas

Construction 16. Jh. Discription Most building could date back to 16- 17th century.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 133

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Crophaus

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Climate zone B

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 134

3.3.26. Archetype 26: Highlandhaus

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

Disciption Highlandhaus is the farmhouse in the high altitude region (above 1300m) of South Tyrol. Dairy farming is the main income source of the farmers. Due to the steep terrain, highlandhaus is usually in the form of Paarhof. i.e. dwelling building and farm building stand independently, but are close to each other.

Reference of REIER, SAN MARTINO IN CASIES, MomumentBrowser pics:

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 135

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument Constructio renovations Status Archetype Element Building Building Period/Era Location Construction Material task

Archetype Winehaus

Elements Proportion Disciption There is a sophisticated proportion existing in farmhouses that can hardly be accidental. One or two units are Reference of Pustertal, Bauen im ländlichen Raum used in façade plan and floor plan. It is pics: also inferred that the external wall complies with the grid. The basic unit is always the height of the entrance floor, and it varies from building to

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

Building Wood - natural stone Disciption Materil Highlandhaus is constructed mainly with wood. There is masonry structure on the Reference of PLOBMHAISL, MOSO, MomumentBrowser ground floor or only the kitchen part, and pics: wood struction on the upper floors and the roof. The preference of wood structure is due to the convenience of the material and also the construction tradition.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 136

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

Specific Blockbau Discription Wooden structure: Constructio Ständerbohlenbau/Ständerblockbau Different with masonry buildings,the wooden Bundwerk structure has to be planned in detail, untill effective Reference of 1. PLOBMHAISL, MOSO, MomumentBrowser technical solutions are defined with respect to local pics: 2. JENEWEIN, FUNDRES, MomumentBrowser conditions and the individual needs of the inhabitants. Several wooden structures could be found in Highlandhauses.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

Building Residential - Agriculture Discription Task Dairy farming is the main income source of the highland-farmers. Therefore stables are important part of the residence. The independent dwelling building and stable are close to each other.

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.

HISTORIC BUILDING TYPOLOGIES OF THE ALPINE SPACE – “TYPOLOGY APPROACH” Page 137

Building Adress/GPS Year of Current use/ Architect Monument renovations Archetype Element Building Construction Building Period/Era Location

Archetype Highlandhas

Construction 16. Jh. Discription Most building could date back to 16- 17th century.

Year of Current use/ Monument Building Adress/GPS Architect Constructio renovations Status Building Building Archetype Element Construction Period/Era Location Material task

Archetype Highlandhas

Country Italy Region South Tyrol Location Climate zone C

This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space program.