International Master of Landscape Architecture GLONN VALLEY

New Concepts for the Suburban Countryside in the growing Metropolitan Region Munich

PROJECT DOCUMENTATION International Master of Landscape Architecture GLONNVALLEY New Concepts for the Suburban Countryside in the growing Metropolitan Region Munich

Project Documentation

IMLA - Main Project I / 1st Semester 2018

IMLA - International Master of Landscape Architecture Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Freising (Germany) Nürtingen-Geislingen University, Nürtingen (Germany)

www.imla-campus.eu

Glonnvalley (Source: Andreas Kitzberger) INTRODUCTION Prof. Fritz Auweck

Frame conditions and This has very big influence on the The Glonnvalley is characterised by: student composition space because of the need of areas for • rural character The project was the task of the so-called settlements and infrastructure, the need of • long history - which is implemented in „Main Project I“, a module in the first new housing for people and possibilities of settlements, landscape and traditions semester of the master programme mobility and recreation in the landscape. • high and regional specific landscape „International Master of Landscape At the moment the planning region 14 quality in the Glonnvalley as well as in Architecture“ (IMLA) in summer semester has about 2.85 million inhabitants (2015) the neighbouring valleys 2018. and will grow until 2035 more than 12.5% • regional types of settlements and This master programme is operated (min. 3.2 million inhabitants). buildings, including farmhouses and by the Universities of Applied Sciences religious buildings Weihenstephan-Triesdorf (HSWT) and Regional Plan Region 14 • renewable energy production, Nürtingen-Geislingen (HfWU). The state regional plan 14 includes the intensive agriculture and regional About 30 students from about 20 different regional state targets for the development marketing countries (from Asia, America, Middle East of the region. • increasing importance of recreation and Europe) in 8 teams worked on this The instrument of regional planning in for inhabitants project. Bavaria is - in an intercommunal context They have a first degree in Landscape - very weak. Main question of the project assignment Architecture, Architecture, Urban Planning Four communities of the project area How to keep the historic identity and social or related disciplines. are located in the so-called „Ländlicher and ecologic quality of the area on the

Metropolitan Region Munich Teilraum im Umfeld der großen one side and to develop it for the needs (Source: www.metropolregion-Muenchen.eu) Metropolitan Region Munich Verdichtungsräume“ which means of future as homeland, living, working The Munich Metropolitan Region is one of „rural area in connection to a big urban and recreational space in a growing the most successful economic areas in agglomeration“. The area closer to Munich metropolitan region? Europe. including the community Petershausen It extends from Eichstätt in the north to belongs to „Äußere Verdichtungszone“ Challenges related to the project area Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the south, from which means „outer agglomeration area“. • Reduction of land loss in growing FOCUS AREA Dillingen on the Danube and Ostallgäu in metropolitan areas PETERSHAUSEN the west to Altötting in the east. That adds County of Dachau • Sustainable land use and protection of up to a lot more than just Munich and the The project area belongs to the county of biodiversity surrounding countryside. Dachau. The main data are listed below. • Increasing needs for recreation in the FOCUS AREA Almost 6 million residents live in 31 The whole county is very much influenced landscape and in settlements MARKT INDERSDORF counties and cities in this nearly 25.000 by the growth of the Munich area. • Regional marketing and healthy food FOCUS AREA km2 large region. The County of Dachau is proposed to grow • Further development in settlements ERDWEG Roughly, every 14th German citizen thus from 2015 until 2035 about 17.2%. with rural background calls the Munich Metropolitan Region • Landscape tolerable commercial home. Project Area Glonnvalley development near motorways FOCUS AREA The project area covers six communities: • Protection of the regional identity in ODELZHAUSEN Region 14 Pfaffenhofen a.d. Glonn, Odelzhausen, settlements and existing and new The planning region 14 is consisting of Erdweg, Markt Indersdorf, Weichs und housing areas eight counties around Munich. Petershausen. • Densification of housing in rural areas It has a great dynamic in development, The project area is part of the • Increasing traffic in individual as well caused by the city of Munich. Metropolregion Munich, of the Planungs- as in public traffic and needs for The fast growing economic conditions are region 14 and the county of Dachau. innovative mobility concepts

Focus Areas causing a very fast growing population The project area is part of different • Working with different planning (Source: www.geoportal.bayern.de/bayernatlas) (related to European conditions). administrative and strategic areas. methods (DPSIR, SWOT, …) CHALLENGES Florian Haas FROM THE COUNTY PERSPECTIVE

The project area “Glonnvalley” belongs to Especially because of its proximity to in former times, there is an increasing the county of Dachau. The whole county is Munich the Glonnvalley is an attractive number of single person households and very much influenced by the growth of the place to live for employees all around therefore, a need for an increasing number Munich region. Munich. Therefore, the south of the district of smaller apartments. It is the most growing county in all over is very densely populated and has a Due to the high settlement pressure the Bavaria and is proposed to rise from suburban character. In contrary to that, the settlement activity in the district of Dachau 149.400 inhabitants in 2015 to 175.100 north of the district is mostly characterised grows steadily. Because of the low supply inhabitants until 2035. by rural communities. of affordable living space the current settlement development is bringing some This situation implicates great challenges. Two urban railway lines provide the relaxation into the housing market by In order to tackle problems for the future Glonnvalley inhabitants to reach Munich creating new residential areas. On the other the district has developed guidelines for city centre relatively quickly which hand it seals landscape and irreversibly safeguarding and further developing the considerably increases the attractiveness destroys natural spaces. attractive living conditions. of the rural areas of the district, too. This trend heavily affects the region- But additional highways make it attractive specific landscape of the Glonnvalley. These guidelines are the result of an and convenient for residents to commute Therefore, each community is already intensive two-year process with public by car, too. This causes big traffic trying to tackle the challenges of the future participation, participation of the local problems on the roads. with its own strategies in order to be able governors / elected parliaments and to continue offering its citizens a home integration of special work groups. An increasing number of inhabitants worth living in. causes the need for new housing areas. The guidelines are intended to provide a Additionally, the lifestyle has changed: The innovative project results of the

Vision County Dachau structured and strategic response to the Instead of classical detached houses students could bring new aspects and (Source: www.landratsamt-dachau.de) development in the future. which were perfect for the living conditions solutions into the discussion. FOCUS AREA PETERSHAUSEN CONTENT

FOCUS AREA MARKT INDERSDORF FOCUS AREA ERDWEG

FOCUS AREA ODELZHAUSEN

SUPERVISORS 10

PFAFFENHOFEN / ODELZHAUSEN BALANCE OF CONTRAST 14 THE NATOPIA 20

ERDWEG ART-WEG 28 ATTACH. CONNECT. S TAY. 34

MARKT INDERSDORF MAKING A MARK 42 GREEN LIVING CONTEMPORARY LIVING IN NATURE WEICHS / PETERSHAUSEN 50 56 GLONN_UP 62

IMPRINT 68 SUPERVISORS Prof. Fritz Auweck Fritz Prof. HSWT Prof. Uta Stock-Gruber Prof. HSWT Rolf Werner Lecturer HSWT/HfWU Dr. Roger Evans Roger Dr. Evanter OÜ, Estonia Florian Haas District Office Dachau

Additionally a special thank goes to: Dr. Brigitta Unger-Richter (cultural heritage consulting)

10 11 FOCUS AREA 1 The focus area includes the communities the Glonn River and forests on its periphery open-space development, connection of PFAFFENHOFEN / ODELZHAUSEN of Pfaffenhofen/Glonn and Odelzhausen. making it a strong natural identity. urban green and surrounding landscape, The administrative collectivity of While in Pfaffenhofen strong agricultural accessibility for recreational use, housing Odelzhausen consists of Odelzhausen structures in settlements and landscape development in different settlement types, and the townships of Sulzemoos and are still relevant, Odelzhausen is changing project Glonnisland (LEADER). Pfaffenhofen an der Glonn. Odelzhausen very much because of the closeness to is a 1200-year-old region comprising the motorway A9. More and more flats of a distinguished natural identity. The and new housings as well as commercial landscape identity has a unique touch to areas are growing. The Glonn River is in it with some historical elements as well as Pfaffenhofen still very small and growing some very important functional elements. to the east. This place acts as a major link between the two cities Augsburg and Munich. Themes: agriculture/cultural landscape Additionally, intensive agriculture also in suburban area, regenerative energies, plays a crucial role in defining the identity development and identity of settlements, of the region. The area is well defined by development of commercial areas,

12 13 “Balance of Contrast” is a project of Responses). Application of SWOT analysis spatial development of Odelzhausen and helped us to figure out the main concerns BALANCE Pfaffenhofen suburban countryside areas of the area and things that needed attention in Dachau County, in the Western part of while applying the DPSIR method, we Glonn valley. managed to establish the chain of causes that were linked to each other and the OF CONTRAST Our vision is to balance the opposites responses to them. The responses were that are occurring in this area - rapid later developed as scenarios for the future urbanization due to population growth and development of the area. proximity to large urban centers on one hand, and rural identity and countryside Scenario 1: “Money Makers” lifestyle on the other. The focus is put on the economic After several site visits, we approached the development of the area. The goal is to spatial analysis of the location using the attract new investors and businesses, build data derived by GIS Software, information more factories, and invest in high intense that we could gather from the internet agriculture, urbanize the settlements and sources and our own observations. to increase the mobility. To achieve this, Spatial analysis showed us the land use it is necessary to convert: low-density organization and layer structure of the living areas into high-density living area. areas, agriculture land into an industrial area, agriculture land into new road Having the vision of balancing the contrast, infrastructure, pastures and low-intensity we continued with the settlement typology arable land into high-intensity agriculture, analysis which was done using the and forest and natural areas into arable GIS data and spider diagrams. The five land. indicators were set up: population density, built structure density, landscape variety, Scenario 2: “Happy Tree Friends” distance from the main road and distance The focus is put for the most part of the area from the industry – that would at the end on the biodiversity and nature protection estimate whether certain settlements and the development of recreational were semi-urban or rural. The results areas in environmentally sound way, in helped in the end, to develop scenarios order to increase social and general well-

Sanja Budinski Serbia and finally the concept. Furthermore, being of people living there. The goal is to analysis of statistical data has been done preserve existing and introduce new nature in order to help us establish the problems protected areas, limit urban growth and and further steps in our work. Two great industrial development and improve quality issues that came out of it were: the growth of life through encouraging green lifestyle of population and daily commuting since and recreation. Irma Karic Bosnia and Herzegovina Ábel Enyedi-Kozma Hungary Jonas Löhle Germany this area is located along the motorway This is accomplished through: between Munich and Augsburg. Introducing green belts to prevent urban spread, extending nature protected Establishment of the issues leads us areas, developing Glonn green way with further into analysis - SWOT (Strengths- recreational routes and parks along to it, Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threads) and adding the value to agricultural landscapes DPSIR (Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact- by adding recreational functions and

14 15 features, and limiting road connectivity being roughly separated with the highway. development to preserve rural identity of As for the built fabric within the semi-urban landscapes and settlements. center, social housing and mixed-use structures have been introduced, Scenario 3: “Blooming Society” as well as, integration of working and The focus is put on the social connection living. Due to continuous growth of and nearness of nature through balancing population and need for living space, the the opposites. The goal is to interconnect spread of urban tissue in three stages working and living in order to reduce the has been planned as well. Rural areas are number of commuters and strengthen being preserved as they are at the present, the connections with living spaces and encouraging the rural lifestyle to remain surrounding landscapes. Achievement intact. of these goals should be done through: The focus area has been zoomed in to transfer from single family houses mainly Odelzhausen settlement that is to social housing (flats), developing located next to the highway and by the size, the urban growth along the highway, it‘s the largest settlement in the area. The blend different uses such as residence, main goal here was to efficiently plan the commerce, industry and recreation to future development of the land around the create lively neighborhoods, introduce highway that is currently unused but with spatial possibilities for business and start great potential. The reason why we have up incubators, improving mobility within chosen the urban development around the the area by introducing new types of highway is that the land there is directly transportation/or improving the existing connected to the main road infrastructure ones. – especially good for the businesses and industry but also for the living if natural Concept buffer zones are provided. The concept for the Pfaffenhofen and Odelzhausen areas was derived from two The expected outcome of our solution for proposed scenarios „Happy Tree Friends“ the development of the area is that the and „Blooming Society“. By combining “sleeping city” phenomena will no longer these two, the focus is put on all three exist here. Instead of commuting, people aspects of sustainable development will be able to reach their workplaces by - economy, environment and society, walk or by their bicycles, younger people while at the same time, respecting the will tend to stay and form their families vision of BALANCING THE CONTRAST - here, while people that want a peaceful and development of semi-urban center and quiet life can enjoy the countryside without preservation of rural areas. the fear that modernization might ruin it. A recreation area is developed along the Glonn river and one of the main features of it, is a bicycle route, that serves as a buffer zone between the river and arable land which currently doesn‘t exist. Landscape features were added within the urban fabric to balance the overall structure and to help improve the lifestyle of society. The examples of those features are green pedestrian bridges connecting the settlement areas that are at present

16 17 16 17 18 19 18 19 The process to our project started with the changes it would ultimately lead to this basic survey for the region accompanied scenario which we call it “Business as THE NATOPIA by some information given by the Mayors usual”. It consists of settlements with and what would they like to have in their moderate density and low-rise housing respective region. A series of collection of structure. Moving towards the industrial ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW IDENTITES basic information took place which made sector it is having a moderate density us describe the basic strength, weakness, with no green buffer making it a prominent opportunities and the threats prevailing issue and the last part of environment and in the area. This SWOT analysis lead to mobility are in a deteriorated condition as the formulation of the vision for the area they lack public transport as well as it is further leading to a detailed analysis in quite visible for the lack of bio-diversity and terms of DPSIR. The process of DPSIR vanishing Glonn through climate change. was further strengthened by the analysis The second scenario which we call it “The maps generated by GIS which incorporated Urban Tin Can”, is also a realistic approach the most basic issues as well as the spatial to Odelzhausen, comprising of high-density understanding of the area. We divided the settlements and industrial area with fixed analysis in two parts i.e. no expansion from the existing boundaries. The environment quality somehow • Spatial and Environmental Analysis remains same with low bio-diversity but (Forest, Protected Area, Settlements, etc.) a significant preservation of the Glonn • Functionality and Accessibility Analysis and an improved network system by the (Transportation, Industry, etc.) proposal of new connection to Auto-Bahn reducing the traffic congestion within the “Conserve identity, revitalise landscape, core areas. stay close to nature and it will never fail The last or the most important scenario you.” which we think for Odelzhausen in the The next part to this analysis was coming 30-40 years is “Natopia”. It means establishing the three scenarios that are a utopia with nature at its core parameter. possible considering the current situation This concept reveals the importance for the above-mentioned parameters. of the natural and the rural identity for This prediction for the future of Odelzhausen Odelzhausen. lead to the formulation of spider diagrams

Ho Sin Yee - China Hong Kong depicting the most prominent features of This scenario would incorporate the area in particular scenario. The three moderate density settlements with a lot scenarios possible are: of green spaces around them and same for the industrial with a green buffer 1. Business as Usual and high environmental quality and 2. Urban Tin Can more sustainable mobility options. The Abhishek Passan India Rana Shukayr Rana Lebanon Eben Patrizia Germany 3. Natopia (Nature and Utopia) scenarios will be accompanied by basic analysis as SWOT depicting their features These scenarios are specific in respect to and possible outcomes. The scenarios act their outcomes and parameters. The first as a base for the conceptual part depicting scenario is the most prominent scenario in the maximum possible outcomes and a terms of reality, as if there is no change better habitable area. to the outcomes as well as the on-going

20 21 “Practice safe designs, use a Scenario.” (areas which are restricted for new These scenarios put the basic possible development), visibility model (places outcomes for the area which can be further visible when on the track according to the THE NATOPIA Establishment of New Identities exploited in a positive way so as to enhance physiographic conditions for the area), International Master in landscape Architecture Summer Semester 2018 | Main Project I the identity for the area. The scenario and the density model (connecting high Abhishek Passan | Ho Sin Yee | Patrizia Eben | Rana Shukayr which we chose for our concept was heritage density areas). This guided us to I ANALYSIS II SCENARIO III CONCEPT Natopia which is a combination of features have a better evaluation of the area and to from the second and the last scenario. propose a suitable structure for the same. BASIC INFORMATION IDENTITY SWOT DPSIR FRAMEWORK Starting with the concept we established To maintain and sustain the local identity of Odelzhausen is located in the district of Dachau in the south-west of -Industrial Area Bavaria. It is also a part of the so-called Glonnvalley. Despite its small The Glonn Valley -Close to Motorway Augsburg size and a water level of about 100 centimeters, the Glonn shapes the 24 km landscape around Odelzhausen. Its community includes the villages -Stratergic Location a vision focused on four parameters i.e. the area we incorporated the Glonn in every Odelzhausen Dietenhausen, Ebertshausen, Essenbach, Gaggers, Hadersried, ENVIRONMENTAL -Agricultural area Höfa, Lukka, Todtenried, Miegersbach, Roßbach, St. Johann, Decreased Biodiversity 41km Freising Sittenbach, Sixtnitgern and Taxa. Increased Population

18 km Lack of Habitat Environment, Recreation, Transportation possible way in terms of bio-diversity, Although the nearest S-Bahn connection is in Conservation Dachau Markt Indersdorf, about 18 kilometres away, 15 km Odelzhausen is directly located on the 34 km Fürstenfeldbruck motorway A8, leading to a high tra c S- Lack of BioDiversity and Land use. So, starting with the recreational elements, connectivity and density in the centre - Absence of Public of Odelzhausen, which RECREATIONAL Transport Lack Activities München leads to tra c jams, Lack Social Interaction - High tra c especially in the morning concentration Poor Connectivity to Glonn establishment of identity we identified the environmental conditions. The concept and evening rush hours. - Glonn is not acces- A possible solution is the Golf Course planned north bypass for sible additional motorway access. major components which could be utilised also focuses on the settlements thus aims Dachau District Its proximity to Munich and Augsburg is contributing to rapid TRANSPORTATION W- More cultural and population growth. As of Nov 2017, the population has increased to A8 Motorway knowledge exchange 5,345 inhabitants and exponential growth is expected to continue in the future. Poor Public Tansportation - More diversied to have a connection throughout the area to improve the housing scenario. The This pressure of population growth leads to the need for more living spaces, job market High Tra c Density schools, retirement homes, shopping opportunities etc. - Presence of Golf Course Gradual degradation of rural characters is another - Presence of Heritage improving the environment as well as concept also considers better functional challenge that Odelzhausen is currently facing. Structures Traditional farms, historic castles and monasteries such LANDUSE as the cloister of Taxa are replaced by commercial areas, to establish better sources of recreation and environmental working spaces by modern houses and apartments. New Settlements O- Heavy pollution from cars It is planned in the future to revitalise the area and No Buer Zones -Lack of Activities foster more community life by, for example, creating - Low fertility due to and interaction for the dwellers of the introducing green buffer throughout the a small park with Kneipp-facilities, play areas and sports climate change facilities directly in the center of the village, which at the - Low social connection moment does not provide any incentive for social - Increasing aging activities, thus gradually losing the function of a social population area. Odelzhausen is a prominent location settlements and connecting them. Nature meeting point. T connecting two major cities, so it could is a key factor, thus introducing local SPATIAL / ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS FUNCTIONALITY AND ACCESSIBLITY ANALYSIS also be utilised as a regional tourist site. flora and fauna would give it a better FOREST TYPE SCHOOL & ENERGY PARK Most of species that can be The community hosts basic found in the forests of Odelz- and secondary schools. In We tried to impart Odelzhausen a better recreational landscape, therefore leading hausen are spruces, because addition, there is currently this fast-growing tree has a being built a new school high economic importance. center in Odelzhausen. Rising temperatures and low Energy is produced, rainfall now endanger the among other things, in recreational structure, by including a cycle to a better and sustainable Odelzhausen in stock of trees. the large wind farm in the northern forests and the network connecting the heritage structures the coming years. solar plant in Miegersbach.

as well as exploiting the benefits of natural PROTECTION AREAS RIVER & RECREATIONAL

In order to preserve the Odelzhausen is subdivi- recreational value of the ded by the Glonn, which features such as Glonn and Forests. To Glonn valley for the general despite of its small size public, 1974 large areas were characterizes the landsca- designated as a landscape pe. A large recreational conservation area, as along area for the citizens of the impart a better and sustainable landscape, as the Glonn in Odelzhausen. community, but also for Munich, represents the Golf Club Munich-West we introduced the concept of sustainable Odelzhausen e.V. agriculture and organic farming that SETTLEMENT AREAS HERITAGE MONUMENTS

Due to the motorway There are some sites and create an aesthetic and environmental up connections the population buildings of historic import- is continuously increasing ance in Odelzhausen, which and will increase even more are under monumental in the future. Therefore, the protection. previously rural settlements gradation for the area. The cycle and hiking composed of some farm- houses and single-family houses get bigger and bigger, and change to a track is introduced so as to incorporate more urban character. a better way of recreation as well as to FARMS & ARABLE LAND CIRCULATION

In Odelzhausen still a few Odelzhausen has a prime improve the mobility aspect for the area. traditional farms are preser- location with respect to the ved, some of which are even transport route. It is under monument protecti- connected to Augsburg on. About half of the area is and Munich through used for agriculture, Auto-Bahn. The place lacks The track also acts as an interconnection connection through public although a strong decline in agricultural areas and farms transport and is having can be observed. high tra c density because and intra connection to the surrounding of it. areas as it follows the footsteps of natural INDUSTRIES

There are numerous compa- corridor i.e. the rivers and the forests. nies in the community, for example in the sectors of electrical engineering, construction, planning, and also some supermarkets. To establish a better understanding of Above all, the commercial park has a high economic the area, we had some models done importance for the region.

Other so as to formulate parameters. To Vegetations CONTOURS Waterbodies Industrial & Topographically, the Glonn is Commercial Area define new location of settlements, we located in the shallowest Settlements parts of the region. In gene- Forests ral, it can be said that only Transport small height dierences of developed a physical infrastructure model up to about 30m can be Agriculture found in the area. which considered existing settlements, connection through public transport, etc. Further we had a similar model analysis for the proposal of cycling network which incorporated a restriction area model CONSERVE IDENTITY, REVITALISE LANDSCAPE,

22 23 22 23 THE NATOPIA THE NATOPIA Establishment of New Identities Establishment of New Identities

International Master in landscape Architecture International Master in landscape Architecture Summer Semester 2018 | Main Project I Summer Semester 2018 | Main Project I

Abhishek Passan | Ho Sin Yee | Patrizia Eben | Rana Shukayr Abhishek Passan | Ho Sin Yee | Patrizia Eben | Rana Shukayr

I ANALYSIS II SCENARIO III CONCEPT I ANALYSIS II SCENARIO III CONCEPT

SCENARIO I - BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO II - URBAN TIN CAN SCENARIO III - NATOPIA OUR VISION NATOPIA - A DESIGN CONCEPT FOR NEW IDENTITY

IDENTITY ORIENTATION FOCUSED ASPECTS IDENTITY ORIENTATION FOCUSED ASPECTS IDENTITY ORIENTATION FOCUSED ASPECTS INDUSTRY NATURE Settlement Proritized NATURE Settlement Proritized NATURE Recreation-Green Proritized PLANTS TOURISM GLONN Agriculture Industries Eco-Green IDENTITY HERITAGE SOLAR Eco-Green Eco-Green Pedestrian & Cycling ENVIRONMENT RECREATIONAL ECONOMY SOCIAL LIFE ECONOMY SOCIAL LIFE ECONOMY SOCIAL LIFE INTERACTION Nut Trees NATURE Recreation-Green Supportive Mobility Supportive Settlement WIND WATER

Supportive LANDSCAPE Industries Agriculture Mobility BIODIVERSITY AGRICULTURE Mobility Recreation-Green Agriculture SUSTAINABILITY CONNECTIVITY SETTLEMENT Pedestrian & Cycling CONNECTIVITY SETTLEMENT Pedestrian & Cycling CONNECTIVITY SETTLEMENT Industries FAUNA CYCLING CONNECTIVITY Water Water Water SCENARIO INDICATION SCENARIO INDICATION SCENARIO INDICATION SUSTAINABLE RECREATION

Gaggers Gaggers Gaggers Settlement Sixtnitgern & St. Johann Sixtnitgern & St. Johann Sixtnitgern & St. Johann Sittenbach Sittenbach Sittenbach B Groves & Shrubs for Flooding Areas Hadersried Roßbach Hadersried Roßbach Hadersried Roßbach Miegersbach Miegersbach Miegersbach F

Taxa Taxa Taxa Essenbach Essenbach Essenbach Höfa Höfa Höfa A Odelzhausen Odelzhausen Odelzhausen The model depicts the possibility of creation of new settle- ments with the potential area demarcated. The model uses the function of distance to calculate the possible outco- Dietenhausen Dietenhausen Dietenhausen mes. Parameters such as existing road network, existing D Lukka Lukka Lukka EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE settlements, etc. added up to the outcome. The pink colour shows the most suitable areas for settlements. Todtenried Ebertshausen Todtenried Ebertshausen Todtenried Ebertshausen

Visibility Wild Vegetables for Light Forests C model

A8 Motorway E Field Hedgerow Visibility model depicts the area visible from these herita- ge structures thus de ning the path for the cycling struc- LEGEND ture. The green colour depicts the areas visible from the heritage structures thus creating a point of attraction for Green Network the users and enhancing the usability. Sustainable Agriculture Settlement Pond Water System Restriction Biking Network model Wild Roses Field Hedgerow [Hawthorn, blackthorn, cornel cherry] Fruit Tree Alley Bu ered Industries Groves & Shrubs for Flooding Areas [Willow, elder, bird cherry, ramson, rasberry etc.] Wild Roses [Briar rose, hedgerow rose, eld rose, Scots rose etc.] Restriction model depicts the restricted and non-restricted Extensive Industries Residential Complex Public Transport areas. These areas guided the settlements as well as the Nut Trees path for cycling track as it included parameters such as [Walnut, hazelnut, durmast oak, sweet chestnut] existing trac density, industrial areas etc. for the formula- Fruit Tree Alley tion of cycling track as well as supporting the outcomes 0 0,25 0,5 1 1,5 2 Wild Vegetables for Light Forests for new settlements. The grey area demarcates the restric- km [Stinging nettle, ashweed, garlic mustard, willowherb] ted area and vice-versa for the green. RECREATIONAL SYSTEM CRITERIAS SYSTEM RECREATIONAL

Extensive Agriculture Complex Industries Biking Network

Density of A Beer Village B Energy Park C Sponge Concept heritage structure Habitat Wind/Solar Exhibition Theater Rain Garden Permeable Wetland Heavy Trac Public Transport Rich Biodiversity Powered Spa Paving

km km km

The second model shows the density of existing heritage structures which acted as a crucial parameter for deciding the cycling track. The black colour shows the higher density of the structures depicting the importance of the area thus highligh- ting a strong connection point.

- Moderate density - High density - Moderate density

SETTLEMENT - Wide spreed - No spreading - Wide spreed - Low-rise - Higher level - Low-rise Water Penetration Cycling Network

D Playscape E Farm Workshop F Water Capture - Moderate density - High density - Low density Organic Cooking Leisure Space View Point Fog Collector Community INDUSTRIES - Wide spreed - No spreading - Little expension Farming Workshop Farm - No bu er - No bu er - Bu er zone presence

Green Houses

Overlay RECREATIONAL SYSTEM RECREATIONAL

GLONN AREA GLONN - Intensive agriculture - Low biodiversity - High biodiversity - Low biodiversity WATER-FRIENDLY RECREATIONAL ECO-FRIENDLY

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES - Heavy trac to - Slightly eased trac - Low trac MOBILITY motorway through into main settlement - Public transport SETTLEMENT TRANSPORTATION AGRICULTURE main settlement with by-pass - Biking/pedestrian - Public transport network presence Farm Markets Recreational Areas Vertical Farming Forest Public Biking Track Biodiversity in Settlements Transportation Along the Glonn Transition from Settlement to Forest

Vertical Farms New Housing Type Biodiversity Pedestrian Connecting People to Forest SWOT - SCENARIAO I SWOT - SCENARIAO II SWOT - SCENARIAO III Transition from the Glonn while Settlement to Forest Protecting Shore from Erosion - Proximity to Ausburg - Lack of public - More cultural and - Heavy pollution from - Minimalizing - Lack of public - Presence of industrial - Change in urban - Presence of Glonn - Decreasing arable - More diversied - High living standard and Munich transportation knowledge exchange cars and industries settlement areas transportation area design Valley land activities causing gentrication - Diversify industry - Lack of connectivity - More diversied - Low biodiversity - Less conservation of - No spaces for social - More recreational - Lack capacity of job - Presence of heritage - Existing solar and leads to: better to Glonn area job market - Low fertility due to natural areas interaction open spaces market sites wind farms economic growth and - High trac climate change - Presence of historical - Presence of Glonn expension - Cultural diversication - Presence of industrial more job are provided concentration - Low social connection sites Valley - Over-burdening of area - Increasing aging infrastructure population Schaf-Garbe Echtes Johanniskraut S W OT S W OT S W OT Löwenzahn Wiesen-kerbel Margerite kamilleEchte Sonnenblume Ekerhummel Waldameise Rote Felderche Goldammer Glühwürmchen Admiral

STAY CLOSE TO NATURE & IT WILL NEVER FAIL YOU. FLORA | Vegetation , Wild Plants FAUNA | Polinators BIODIVERSITY

24 25 24 25 FOCUS AREA 2 The focus area includes the community are scattered around the territory and ERDWEG of Erdweg. The community consists have different typologies from entirely of several small settlements which got rural to semi-urban. The community importance by the S-Bahn and the two relies on roads from NW-SE (St2047) and stop-points Erdweg and Kleinberghofen. along the Glonn Valley (St2051, St2054). They bring new impulses of inhabitants and A special challenge will be to develop the the need for living areas near the S-Bahn. old small units and the needs of mobility The landscape and settlement structure is and infrastructure. characterised by small villages and large agricultural open space. The community Themes: regenerative energies, cultural is growing as a dormitory, according to landscape, further development of the Mayor Christian Blatt. New inhabitants disperse settlement structure, agriculture arrive looking for cheap housing and easy and village, abandoned properties, access to Munich, without attachment to commercial development away from this historical place which has a unique motorways, mobility in disperse settlement characteristic. Its 17 villages settlements.

26 27 “Artweg” is a project of spatial development city. The impacts could be frustrating of Erdweg in Dachau County in the middle because of the lack of job opportunities, ART-WEG part of Glonnvalley. After a site visit, we activities and commuting. The “Artweg” approached the analysis with SWOT and project is a way to respond and face this DPSIR methods that gave us foundations brand-new challenge, which is one of the for our main vision of developing Erdweg scourges of the 21st century. as an area that develops around art. Studied factors Analysis We have many layers superposed for Erdweg is considered as a brand-new our studied factors. Erdweg is divided in settlement area for the artists highlighted districts, composed of landmarks, vistas, with a precise analysis for this Dachau historical buildings, node associations district. Indeed, this community has and paths mapping the terrain. Regarding strength and well used lands and pretty the land use, we defined the terrain first, diversified on one hand wetlands, then the Glonn valley, the agriculture - croplands and on the other hand a huge arable/pasture, forest, human settlements, forest area defined by pines for a huge industry query and street network. part of it, which embodies many actors appropriating the area. The Glonn river Scenarios crossing the map and two gateways To face the Erdweg challenge, we defined opening the area to Munich by train three scenarios: reducing the distance within the rest of the region are good to take into consideration. The first scenario is called recreation and However, some weaknesses are still art. Considering as a major intervention relevant for this region with many disperse for the equal development of settlements villages and a huge lack of roads for along major connections, this scenario pedestrians and bikers. highlights a better connection among Therefore, we have to consider that villages with alternative means, a balanced the whole area is under pressure. population between elderly and youth, The urbanization is galloping and will balanced equality of life, better connection reach Erdweg very soon from Munich between people and land, stable economy, threatening the area with a decreasing of a greater quality of the landscape with no

Rashad Gasimov Rashad Azerbaijan pastures leading to intensive agriculture major changes and less pollution. The art retaliating to the local identity preservation. would be equally distributed all around New drivers are generated on this new Erdweg due to disperse installations. local order such as the basic human Resuming the first scenario, the strength needs, a profitable agriculture, a new is a good connection between villages, appreciation of art, new connectivity less impact on the environment, equal Ivan Oskian Syria Eric Vitrier France Juricki Petar Croatia and way of transport by railway, outdoor development of the villages. The weakness culture and tradition and new demand for is less economic growth. The opportunity the housing because the area will be under is a use of historical buildings by artists, gentrification in the future. Sadly, bad state a closer connection between people and of Erdweg are being relevant for example the environment. Finally, the threat is a large fauna and flora degradation, water measurable uncertainty regarding the contamination, soil erosion or the aging expansion of villages.

28 29 The second scenario is called living art. Overlapped scenarios & focus area SUMMER SEMESTER 18 ART-WEG HOCHSCHULE WEIHNSTEPHAN-TRIESDORF Considering as a major intervention for a Our main concept is a combination of all INTERNATIONAL MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE closer outlook to Glonn valley development scenarios with expansion settlements, GEMEINDE ERDWEG STRENGTH/WEAKNESSES settlement, this scenario defines as well creative industry art parks, forest, pasture, Erdweg the future home for artists is within less than one hour reach to a balanced mobility more concentered agriculture and water. A bicycle track is Munich, this community with its attraction formalized in diverse shapes, from ag- riculture, wetlands, the Glonn itself, to the forest and recreational activities to the center and along the Glonn. The defined around Erdweg and some art that strengthen the relation between inhabitants and nature.

The Glonn cuts Erdweg into two halves sheered up to it is the railway that increase of youth in Erdweg is still relevant islands are artificially created. We need eases and shortens the distances. However, some weaknesses are still relevant and the quality of life will increase due to to abstract the artist with the gate to for this region, disperses villages, lack of jobs, poor sidewalks… The pressure on the region is great; urbanization is galloping and is reaching the revitalization of the Glonn river. The Erdweg. This gateway will support making Erdweg threatening the village-like image that locals want to preserve. In this context we needed to come to an answer, that will help keeping a balan- economic profit will increase moderately an impression for them to empathize on ce between Erdweg‘s rural and urban life. and the fauna and flora will get more the great potential that Erdweg had and N DPSIR PRESSURES STATE biodiverse. Art would be concentrated will have. The breathtaking nature and - urbanization, .degradation of ora/fauna in glonn - - decreasing pasture, ,contaminated glonn - - intensive agriculture, ,poor soil conditions - in the center of Erdweg near Glonn and once shining Glonn will gather artists - identity preservation. ,straightened glonn - ,mono-agriculture - ,dormitory city - art settlements. Resuming the second along the revitalized Glonn, art islands, ,aging city - scenario, the strength is a revitalization of temporary and permanent exhibitions DRIVERS IMPACT - basic human needs, - pro table agriculture, - high appreciation of art, ,risk of oods - - connectivity and the rail way, ,lack of activities - the Glonn, more spaces for artists to live and recreational spaces are created with - outdoor culture and tradition, ,commuting community - - demand on aordable housing. .lack of job opportunities - RESPONSES and work in Erdweg. The weakness is a some accommodation for artists, future - new means of mobility, , nancial support for cattle farming - - cultural events, , revitalization of the glonn - - artweg ,cultural preservation - central development of villages around the inhabitants and their need for affordable LYNCH ANALYSIS LANDUSE ANALYSIS valley. The opportunity is a development housing and working spaces considered. of artist settlements on revitalized Glonn.

Finally, the influence of big cooperations Timeline DISTRICT STREET NETWORK on smaller industries and individuals are To reach this aim, we defined a timeline relevant. to make this vision possible programming the construction of the project for the next The third and last scenario is called art 30 years. In the next 5 years, buffer zone industry. Considering as a major intervention and gateway will be defined. In the next 5 for a major settlement development along to 10 years, the hiking, biking trail will be EDGE INDUSTRY S-Bahn line and settlements with cultural built up. In the next 10 to 15 years, some QUERY center, this scenario is well industrialized temporary exhibitions. Then in the next 15 with a concentered mobility along Erdweg to 20 years, some housing, studios with and road connecting settlements with some land use change and finally up to LANDMARK SETTLEMENTS industry. The population will increase fast, 20-30 years, it‘s the creative industry and the quality of life in certain villages will the Glonn revitalization with the islands that NODE - FOREST HISTORICAL also increase and the economic profit will will be set up. BUILDINGS NODE - AGRICULTURE - increase drastically. Some pastures along ASSOCIATIONS ARABLE/PASTURE

Glonn will be grown up to prevent flooding PATH GLONN VALLEY and to create moors. The art industries TERRAIN TERRAIN are centered in three major settlements in Erdweg in this configuration. Resuming the SUITABILITY MAP: SETTLEMENTS SUITABILITY MAP: VISIBILITY SUITABILITY MAP: BIKING TRAIL third and last scenario, the strength is many N N N cultural industry centers with diverse types of art interconnected with each other. The weakness is a centered cultural industry in certain settlements. The opportunity is an investment in development of Erdweg as cultural industry center. Finally, the influence of big cooperations on smaller industries and individuals is relevant. low high low high low high

30 31 30 31 SUMMER SEMESTER 18 SUMMER SEMESTER 18 ART-WEG HOCHSCHULE WEIHNSTEPHAN-TRIESDORF ART-WEG HOCHSCHULE WEIHNSTEPHAN-TRIESDORF INTERNATIONAL MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE INTERNATIONAL MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE RECREATION AND ART ERIC VITRIER - IVAN (V)OSKIAN - PETAR JURICKI - RASHAD GASIMOV CONCEPT LAYERS

drivers N RAILROAD HORSEBACK RIDING N ROAD NETWORK ART ISLAND BICYCLE ART EXIBITION equal development of settlements CONNECTION PARK along major connections glonn FISHING better connection among villages KLEINBERGHOFEN with alternative means ART GREEN ART WORKSHOP NETWORK glonn balanced population between CRAFTING elderly and youth and art green network MIXED USE AREA WORKSHOP EISENHOFEN balanced quality of life, better connection between people and land RESIDENTIAL AREA VISTA ART HOUSING stable economy DEVELOPMENT BICYCLE ART TRAIL UNTERWEIKERTSHOFEN ERDWEG

good quality of landscape, no major INDUSTRY ART HIKING TRAIL changes, less pollution ARABLE LAND ART PASTURES art is equally distributed all around arable land Erdweg due to disperse installations art pasture ART PASTURES ARTIST HOUSES ART EXIBITION GAME DEVELOP- PARK MENT INDUSTRY good connection between villages, less impacts on the environment, less economical growth ART FOREST BURO equal development of the village. s w HIKING TRAIL ARABLE LAND use of historical buildings by kleinberghofen eisenhofen artists, uncertain expansion of villages expansion creative industry forest agriculture 5 min close connection between people and the environment.O T settlements art parks pasture water transportaion LIVING ART markt network indersdorf drivers N 6 km dachau station station 20 min settlements that are closer to Glonn valley develop more than other munich station mobility is balanced but more concentrated KLEINBERGHOFEN to the center and along glonn 50 min odelzhausen dachau built increase of youth in erdweg 7 km 13 km environment EISENHOFEN 0 500m increased quality of life due to the GLONN AN OUTSTANDING ENTITY IN NEED FOR REVITALIZATION, revitalization of glonn PERSPECTIVE ART IS THE TOOL...

moderate increase in economic profit TO REALIZE THIS WE NEED TO ATTRACT THE ARTIST WITH THE GATE TO ERDWEG, UNTERWEIKERTSHOFEN ERDWEG THIS GATEWAY WILL SUPPORT MAKING AN IMPRESSIONS FOR THEM TO revitalized glonn, more biodiversity EMPHASIZE ON THE GREAT POTENTIAL THAT ERDWEG HAD AND WILL HAVE. of flora and fauna, more life in glonn

art is concentrated in the center of THE BREATHTAKING NATURE AND ONCE SHINING GLONN WILL GATHER ARTISTS erdweg near glonn with art settlements ALONG THE REVITALIZED GLONN, ARTISTS ISLANDS, TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT EXHIBITIONS AND RECREATIONAL SPACES ARE CREATED, revitalization of the glonn, central development of villages more spaces for artists to live and ACCOMMODATION FOR ARTISTS, FUTURE INHABITANTS AND THEIR NEED FOR around the velley work in erdweg.s w AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND WORKING SPACES ARE CONSIDERES. TIMELINE development of artists settlements urban sprawl of the villages on revitalized glonn. around the glonn valley expansion creative industry forest agriculture O T settlements art parks pasture water today 5 10 15 20 30 ART-INDUSTRY

drivers N

buffer temporary - housing/studios creative industry major settlement development along s-bahn and gateway exhibitions landuse - glonn revitalization settlements with cultural centers hiking/biking trail change

concentrated mobility along erdweg and KLEINBERGHOFEN SECTION BOX SETTLEMENTS roads connecting settlements with industry WO R AR big increase in population KS TIS HO T S P ET EISENHOFEN TLEMEN increased quality of life in certain villages TS

P big increase in economic profit ERF UNTERWEIKERTSHOFEN ERDWEG O RM S AN ET pastures along glonn to fight BI CE TL KIN AR EME flooding and to create moors G T T NT/ RA ST CK UDI art industries are centered in three CR O O EA major settlements in erdweg BS TIVE ER VA IND TIO U N STR TH TO Y E G WE LO R A N RT cultural industry centers with N KI centered cultural industry in OS diverse types of art interconnected KS certain settlements with each others w

investments in development of influence of big cooperations on expansion creative industry forest agriculture erdweg as cultural industy center smaller industries and individuals O T settlements art parks pasture water CONCEPT: ARTWEG GLONN REVITALIZATION N

KLEINBERGHOFEN

EISENHOFEN expansion creative industry forest agriculture settlements art parks pasture water

UNTERWEIKERTSHOFEN ERDWEG TRAINSTATION ART VILLAGE

expansion creative industry forest agriculture settlements art parks pasture water

32 33 32 33 General Analysis Design Process Erdweg is one of 17 municipalities in the It is a fact that Erdweg will continue CONNECT. ATTACH. STAY. district of Dachau – with the ninth highest growing, because it’s happening since the per capita income in Germany – located 80’s, so we need to create a development approximately 30km northwest of Munich, strategy to prevent a low-quality city in with 36,03km² and 5,856 inhabitants. the future. With DPSIR and the scenarios Between 1988 and 2008, the district grew analysis, we designed some guidelines by around 28% (+/- 30,000 people), regarding landscape and settlement reflecting the trend of its communities, growth. The scenarios were generated mainly the ones with easy connection to from the combinations of population the capital, such as Erdweg, which has 2 growth and commuting, being: S-Bahn stops. During our visits, we observed villages are 1. If we don’t do anything, it will increase extremely empty on weekdays, when most the number of temporary residents in the of the people are working outside. Still, we community, aiming only for cheap housing were surprised by a group of elderly ladies with good connection to Munich - it will arriving by train and heading to Eisenhofen require investments in S-bahn and roads, through the crops. We also noticed the increasing fragmentation and not adding remaining forests (around 20%) are lovely, value to the landscape; but not accessible, forcing us to walk among the cornfields. In our demographic 2. To protect and add value to the water research, we realised a higher increase bodies through landscape and recreational in the group over 50 years old, indicating activities, in order to charm workers who the necessity and opportunity to include move there, so they will be attached with elderly people in our concept, integrating the community, form their families and the villages not only territorially, but also invest their time and money for an ever culturally between generations. better Erdweg; The Glonn River and its valley, one of the main reasons for the settlements’ origins, 3. Invest in identified potential and are completely overlooked and underrated. transform Erdweg into a retirement The arable lands are destroying the location for the elderly, who are coming margins and stopping people to get near and staying in the community. We would

Mariana Cairo Mexico to the river. Furthermore, there is not one have a new specific economic segment structure to encourage citizens to get near for them, like clinics and medical care the water. using pocket parks to enhance the desired quietness, instead of the Glonn. The village Concept would lose the families with children due to With the help of analysis tools, we listed the lack of infrastructure for them. Asif Adnan Bangladesh Bruna Spagnol Brazil Sabine Schneider Germany 5 main fields of activity to assist in the development of Erdweg and engage For the chosen scenario (#2), we people in the community. We will create highlighted the main roads to improve connections through mobility, join cultural connection between the villages in aspects with landscape and propose the community. On the focus area, we settlements guidelines to designed new bike lanes taking advantage C O N N E C T + A T T A C H _ S T A Y. of the existing dirt paths, the topography

34 35 and landmarks as attractions and focal Rural: points. Other settlements IMLA SS2018 Regarding the landscape, we propose • Access through smaller roads; Asif Adnan_Mariana Martinez Cairo 01 G7Sabine Schneider _ Bruna Spagnol ANALYSIS buffer zones with native vegetation along • Maintain low density – plots with the water bodies with 10m or 30m, minimum area of 1.000m²; depending on the width of the streams. To • No commercial areas or shops allowed; N DACHAU_ Erdweg is a municipality around 30km at NW from Munich and 10km at NW from Dachau. Its territory is around 36,03km² and it has 5,856 inhabitants. Erdweg belongs to the district of Dachau, one of the most promising in terms of growth in DISTRICT Germany, with around 30,000 new people in the last 20 years. Area : 579,18 km2 The S-bahn crosses the municipality with 2 stops, one in Erdweg and one in Kleinberghofen. There are also 3 main roads that con- close the green belt and ensure that fauna • Opportunities for farmer’s market; Hilgertshausen- nect Erdweg to other important cities around Bavaria, making it very easy to move around. This good feature can hold a Tandern negative point, once people move to the town looking for cheap housing and easy access Munich, but they develop no Peters- sentimental attachment to this charming historical community, which carries its name since the Roman Empire. can move to find food or reproduce, we ecotourism and agritourism. Altomünster hausen Erdweg is a unique settlement composed by 17 villages that form a mosaic with different patterns and typologies that go from Weichs rural to semi-urban, depending on their sizes, connectivity and infrastructure. Markt The demographic statistics show the population is increasing in general, but specially in the group over 50 years of age, indicating a trend of aging. It is necessary to include elderly people in the development planning, integrating the villages not only will connect the remaining forests with the Indersdorf Vierkirchen territorially, but also culturally between generations. The Glonn River and its valley, one of the reasons for the settlements’ origins because of its fertile soil and water availability, are overlooked and underestimated. The arable lands are destroying the margins and stopping people to get near to the river and the existing species. We will present these directives with Röhrmoos Halm- Odelz- Erdweg hausen remaining forests. There is not one structure to encourage people to get near the water nor enjoy the landscape. hausen Pfaffen- We established the following guidelines mappings, sections and illustrative hofen Schwab Sulze- hausen for the settlement development, so we perspectives. moos ERDWEG GEMEINDE 2X MVV Kleinberghofen ca. 12 BC 1972 1987 1994 can maintain the original features from TODAY Named by the 18 Districts Historical Bahn Linie 2 Roman Empire Dachau’s District increasing Petersberg 2,690 - 4,026 the villages. This way, we make sure the Eisenhofen people living there do not feel expelled, Guggenberg Erdweg Unterweikershofen ERDWEG but we still have place for the new-coming POPULATION 5,856 population: Grossberghofen ERDWEG_ 15 - 18 30 - 50 MUNICIPALITY Area : 36,06 km2 Villages : 17 Semi-urban: 0 - 15 18 - 30 +50 Erdweg, Kleinberghofen, Grossberghofen • Commercial areas inside the villages – max. 20.000m; AGRICULTURE Happach Eisenhofen Oberhandenz- Walkertshofen hofen • Preferably, high-density buildings Arable Land

Bogenried Kleinberg- Untewei- (max. 4 floors) near the bahnhofs – Großberghofen hofen kertshofen max. 1.000m; FAST_MOBILITY Brand Walkerts- hofen Altstetten Bogenried Eisenhofen Erdweg Großberg- hofen Guggenberg Happach Kleinberg- hofen Langengern Oberhan- denzhofen Petersberg Schlutten- berg Welshofen Hof Unterwei- kertshofen • Preserve historical buildings and S - Bahn Railway SIZE >0.5 S - Bahn Stop 1° Roads surrounds – new constructions until KM² <0.01 2° Roads

Bus Stop BUILDING_ 25 200m must to have 80% of the existing DENSITY

% building hight; SLOW_MOBILITY 0 Bike Roads POPULATION >1000

Hike Roads 500

INHABITANTS <100

3 Semi-rural: FAST_MOBILITY 2 1 S - Bahn Stop WATER Bus Stops 1 Eisenhofen, Welshofen, Walkertshofen, Village - Village 2 3 Glonn River Connection >5 Zeitlbach River C+R_VALUE 3-5 Unterweikertshofen CULTURAL+RECREATIONAL 2°Channels <3 Recreational Area <5 Cultural Landmark 5-10 • Green buffer zones from the existing Association >10 L_VALUE villages – min. 15m; GREEN LANDSCAPE → with River Forest → with Landscape • New ring with new settlements; After Pasture Bike Road Hike Road Grasslands and Moors new rings of settlements, another 15m Recreational Area Natural Landmark

buffer zone; CULTURAL_VALUE • Only single houses allowed; Cultural Landmark Altstetten Erdweg Hof Petersberg Welshofen Association • Plots with minimum area of 400m²; Brand Guggenberg Langengern Schluttenberg • New settlements preferably around SETTLMENTS METHODOLOGY existing infrastructure; DRIVER_ PRESSURES_ STATE_ MPACT_ RESPONSES_ BASIC HUMAN NEEDS EXPLOITATION OF NATURE NATURE CONDITION AFTER EXPLOITATION I SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS • Avoid steep terrains to easy PROBLEMS CAUSED TO HUMAN LIFE accessibility;

AERIAL_PHOTO Food: Agricultural fields Deforestation; discharge of Pollution of the Glonn; lack of Less variety of food; poisoned food; Creation of Buffer Zones; Linear outside the village fertilizes on the Glonn diversity of fauna and flora use of the river forbidden for park around the Glonn; recreational purposes; Use of every small piece of No transitional, low quality and Living: Population growth; Lack of accessibility to use available Laws and masterplans for land; new constructions boring landscapes; lack of population aging; settle- landscapes environment protection and land ignoring laws and traditions ments growth adequate infrastructure for Health problems; anxiety, and de- use children and elderly Improvement of bike lanes and bus Increase of vehicles; higher pression from lack of leisure Working: Jobs inside; jobs connections in order to decrease dislocation; low income taxes Increase of traffic and smoke- activities outside the village car dependency; to the villages stack; environmental stress; Increase of dislocation to look for Day tourism based on landscape Poorer city services ; less attachment with the place; use

36 37 36 37 IMLA IMLA SS2018 SS2018 Asif Adnan_Mariana Martinez Cairo 02 Asif Adnan_Mariana Martinez Cairo 03 G7Sabine Schneider _ Bruna Spagnol SCENARIOS G7Sabine Schneider _ Bruna Spagnol CONCEPT

THEMATIC_VISION CONCEPT_PRINCIPLE CONCEPT_PROPOSAL

SETTLEMENTS GREEN STRUCUTRES AGRICULTURE FAST_MOBILITY SLOW_MOBILITY ASSOCIATIONS SELECT

- Focus Points - Potential Intervention Areas to integrate Program 1 - Cultural, Recreational and Landscape Value Elements

- rural characters of smaller villages stay - addition to already existing structures to - added value of arable land close to existing - better connection via public transportation - enlarge biking network of slow mobility to - combination of smaller existing associations - expansion of bigger villages with connection create “green belts” farms to bridge the distances to smaller villages connect smaller villages in focus points to munich - bufferzones along the rivers - attached cultural/historical value to - fast mobility to encourage slow mobility - loop road for hiking through the whole area - connection of expanding villages old farms ADD

SCENARIOS - Recreation + Leisure Open Spaces with 2 Landscape Approach “MOVEMENT MATTERS” “HOME & LANDSCAPE COEXISTENCE” “LANDLEBEN RETIREMENT” SELECTED SCENARIO

FAST MOBILITY : Better connection to S-Bahn LANDSCAPE : Added value to the landscape SETTLEMENT : Better connection to S-Bahn station - direction Munich and the original Water System station - direction Munich Green space along Glonn AGRICULTURE : Fragmentation due to road integrated to Erdweg development FAST MOBILITY : Fragmentation due to road connectivity SETTLEMENTS: Settlement growth along connectivity with provided facilities LANDSCAPE : Disapperance of Glonn river SLOW MOBILITY: Encouraged by the direct LANDSCAPE : Disapperance of Glonn river Guggenberg chanels; Landscape isolated connection with the land chanels; Landscape isolated by settlments & roads scape and leisure spaces by settlments & roads SETTLEMENTS : Growth along S-Bahn and FAST MOBILITY : More public transportation SLOW MOBILITY : Growth along S-Bahn and CONNECT primary Roads to provide better connec- primary Roads tion among the villages SLOW MOBILITY : No significant change AGRICULTURE : Reduction in small degree AGRICULTURE : No significant change - Complement existing bike/path network

•Varied use of landscape 3 •Good connection to •Lack of identity and •Impact on •New greeneries within •Less young people Munich sense of belonging •Balanced development process agriculture the settlements •Declining role of the of landscape and settlements SW landscape S •Better mobility and connectivity W SW

•New role as a Munich •Becoming a ghost town •New developments •Increase of •New job opportunities •Extinguishing villages "suburb" with •No further development •Better sense of attachment living costs "commuter •Fragmentation of •Economic flourishment OT neighborhood" agriculture O T OT

POSSIBILITIES IN SELECTED SCENARIO

“ZEITLBACH VALLEY “GLONN VALLEY ERDWEG PROPOSAL 1 FOCUS” 2 FOCUS” - Focus Area

“GLONN AND ZEITLBACH VALLEY FOCUS” SUSTAINABLE_CYCLE_STORY 3 SELECTED POSSIBILITY Investing in the aesthetics of the different villages The Glonn Linear Park design will overcome the With different attributes along the Glonn, the 1 will attract the attention of diverse daily tourists 3 barriers created by the road and S-Bahn 5 particularities of the villages will be highlighted

SELECTED SCENARIO SELECTED SCENARIO

DEVELOPMENT_PROCESS

PHASE 1 : CONNECT With good connections, residents and visitors can Allowing the population to access the landscape Attracting diverse types of visitors will increase the local 2 enjoy the qualities of the entire community and enjoy the natural features of Erdweg economy, making the city thrive and able to continue 4 6 investing in quality of life

SECTION A-A’ SECTION B-B’

PHASE 2 : ATTACH

PHASE 3 : STAY

38 39 38 39 FOCUS AREA 3 The area includes Markt Indersdorf and trend of development of Markt Indersdorf Themes: regenerative energies, settlement MARKT INDERSDORF Arnbach which belongs to the community into a suburban township within the development in connection with S-Bahn of Schwabhausen. Markt Indersdorf had Munich metropolitan area. Relevant for the influences, concepts for regionalstyle a central function in the past as well as development in the future are three S-Bahn settlement development, condensed types in the present. It has different schools stops: Niederroth, Markt Indersdorf of housing areas, revitalisation of historic and two hearts: The market village and and Arnbach. Since the contemporary squares, Glonnvalley and protection of the cloister village divided by the Glonn contextual development trend has Biodiversity and recreation, commercial River. Markt Indersdorf has a very big become Munich-centric, surrounding rural development, mobility, circuitous road. area and encompasses a sweeping communities have started to develop into number of smaller villages, with 57 of small townships and have then segregated these scattered throughout the municipal into even smaller administrative units. countryside. Markt Indersdorf is a typical Finally, these small townships, including rural area with problems and potentials Markt Indersdorf, seem destined to resembling those of similar settlements become the border of the main metropolitan across Europe. Despite its predisposition area. This causes a lot of pressure to the towards agriculture, there is a visible communities.

40 41 Markt Indersdorf is a scenic municipality increasingly vulnerable but economically in the District of Dachau in the German indispensable pollinating insects to MAKING A MARK state of Bavaria. The S-Bahn access to endangered and protected vertebrates Munich paves the way for Markt Indersdorf such as songbirds and beavers. The aim is to become part of Munich, which is the to create a unique value which can survive MARKT INDERSDORF prospect we named “Munichication”. This in the upcoming rapid development. phenomenon presents a grave threat to the preservation of cultural, natural and spatial The development of Markt Indersdorf identity of Markt Indersdorf and each of the is primarily driven by landscape issues satellite settlements in its surroundings, common to the surrounding municipalities identity which had grown and been and many others across the world, cherished for hundreds of years. which include land use change, land encroachment and migration. The relevant In the phase of analysis, we were able pressures come from, among other things, to identify the potential development the growth of Munich and the intensive yet aspects which are already embodied in environmentally unsustainable agricultural Markt Indersdorf, namely agriculture, practices, which are in turn fueled by the education, renewable energy industry, desire for renewable energy. The Glonn and market culture. Germany prides river is especially threatened, as it cannot itself on its sophisticated and avoid damage from the expected spread of progressive educational institutions and road networks. a flourishing renewable energy industry, and these qualities are very prominent All this inevitably leads to an ageing in the landscape of Markt Indersdorf. All population living in a place devoid of of the above are interconnected, relying its former biodiversity, which suffers heavily on each other, and drawing from habitat fragmentation and water support from one another. We streamed pollution. We respond to these challenges to strengthen those bonds, tying education by suggesting the strengthening of the even more closely to agriculture, on which educational network, diversification of the renewable energy industry is already agricultural practices, creation of new dependent. Lastly, the market culture, farmer-consumer links, and bringing also derived from agriculture, was meant education, agriculture and renewable

Kazi Zayed Titumir Bangladesh to provide an economic backdrop as energy industry into an environment- well as homage to the very name of the supporting synergy. In this vision, Markt municipality. Indersdorf is provided with its own sense of gravity, which keeps the smaller The other key aspect was the woodland settlements tied to the centre of the and habitat discontinuity. The conceptual municipality while simultaneously enabling Amsal Mesic Bosnia and Herzegovina Mastaneh Mahfouzi Iran Sudara Jayalath Sri Lanka idea of the project is to find a way to it to escape the immense gravitational further the development of agriculture, the force of Munich. backbone of the economy of settlements such as Markt Indersdorf, while at the We envision a diversification of a variety same time protecting and nurturing its of functions in Markt Indersdorf, since natural environment. This includes soil as only multifunctionality can provide the well as wildlife, which itself ranges from necessary self-reliance and sustainability.

42 43 While this encompasses the introduction of In the course of our project, we strove to Ploughing the Data novelties such as new educational facilities address the real-life issues by employing Analysis 01 and agricultural and educational tourism, methods which are not ground-breaking arguably the most important diversification but rather proven and reliable solutions. is the one involving agriculture. The vast We believe that our concept is very soon monocultures of maize, which represent a not going to be just an option but the only burning issue in many landscapes, are to way forward. be replaced with a variety of energy crops. All of them are important in the context of soil conservation and wildlife support, which maize monoculture so thoroughly lacks, and most of them are just as profitable. These alternative energy crops include giant silvergrass (Miscanthus giganteus), common reed (Phragmites australis), silphia (Silphium perfoliatum), triticale (× Triticosecale), willows (Salix sp.) and a mix of wildflowers. This diversity will not only preserve the environment but also give an aesthetic value to the arable land.

The revamping of agriculture is naturally followed by the establishment of an array of market places throughout the municipality of Markt Indersdorf. The primary market place, serving as the central local food market, is encircled by secondary markets. These secondary markets connect the primary market to the outlying markets at the edges of the municipality. The three tiers of market places will operate on different weekdays in order to keep the entire municipality vibrant throughout the week. The idea behind this is to simplify the food system of Markt Indersdorf.

With the energy crops in check, the last remaining issue to address is the discontinuity of habitat. The establishment of hedgerows on the margins of the plots of arable land will provide corridors for wildlife, not to mention being visually exciting. Riparian corridors are to parallel these along the Glonn, connecting dispersed habitats alongside the river.

44 45 44 45 Scenario Cultivation of Prospects 02 Concept Sowing New Ideas 03

46 47 46 47 FOCUS AREA 4 The area includes the communities Moreover, the influx of immigrants in WEICHS / PETERSHAUSEN Weichs and Petershausen. Both villages Petershausen causes many new residential have already changed from agricultural buildings to be constructed. This leads villages to suburban living areas. The to the loss of identity of the town. In the Glonnvalley and especially the protected present day, the number of the owned Weichser Moore are very important for the dwellings and the rented ones is divided ecologic quality of the area. The S-Bahn equally. stop Petershausen caused a lot of people moving there because of the easy access Themes: regenerative energies, quantity to the train to Munich. The majority of the and style of further settlements, condensed local people who actually live there are housing areas, design of market square, senior citizens. Therefore, there is an age village centre versus bedroom suburb, gap between the local and the newcomers. biodiversity and recreation in Glonnvalley, The people also don’t feel connected with agriculture and nature. the town since they only move there to work then live elsewhere on the weekends.

48 49 Analysis The second scenario is focused on the Landscape planning project that aims settlement. We called it “The Cityscape”. GREEN LIVING to improve the quality of life of the local The cities are allowed to grow according people by integrating nature and green to the plan. In this scenario, we aim for areas into the urban area. creating a relationship between the people THE FUTURE OF PETERSHAUSEN The project location is in Petershausen, and the town by creating more public Dachau County, Bavaria, Germany. Our spaces, child-friendly playgrounds, and main focus areas are Weichs, Ebersbach, urban green areas. and Petershausen. The area is known as the Glonn Valley where the Glonn River The third scenario is the “Agro Backbone”. flows through the area before it joins the This one is focused on agriculture and Amper River in Allershausen. There is one green areas. We have promoted various nature protection area in the valley, which types of farming in the area, both human is Weiches Moos. labor and smart farming as well as create At first, we focused on three towns, which parks and hiking trails along the river and are Weichs, Ebersbach, and Petershausen. into the forest to create interaction between Each of these areas has different identities people and nature. and characteristics. For example, Weichs is the “rurban” town that is closed to the From the scenarios, we choose to combine nature protection area. Ebersbach is a the “Cityscape” and the “Agro Backbone” small rural village that lies between Weichs scenarios together to create our concepts and Petershausen. Petershausen, on the for our focus area Petershausen. other hand, is the most developed town out of the three. It has become a small Main concept urban town because of the S-Bahn station. Our concept is “Green Living”. We But all of these areas are connected by the mainly focus on the settlement and green Glonn River. areas. We proposed creating a public From the analysis, we have done, our space in the center of Petershausen as visions for the area is to make people feel a green recreational area in the city. On

Saiwilai more connected to the town, integrate the opposite side of the park, there is a nature into the urban areas and create weekly market where people can sell their sustainable living. farming products and interact with other

Penpichcha Penpichcha Thailand people. We have also created edges at Scenarios the border of the city as well as gardens For the scenarios, we propose three where people can grow their own plants. different outcomes: The first is the Additionally, we also create areas for “Uncontrolled Expansion”. This one is the smart farming there. Smart farming (SF) worst-case scenario. The cause of this is involves the incorporation of information Hamid Gohari Iran Sarah Jankowski Germany Tahsin Tanjila Bangladesh the urban sprawl. There will be a lot of traffic and communication technologies into and pollution. There is also the issues of machinery, equipment, and sensors for deforestation and loss of biodiversity in the use in agricultural production systems. surrounding area as well.

50 51 The main goals for the concept are as Petershausen follows: Character: • Conserve the distinctive and historic • Improve the pattern and structure of character of the landscape soft and hard edges • Improve the recreation and leisure • Conserve the main characteristic of facilities each settlement (urban, rural and town) PETERSHAUSEN/WEICHS • Enhance high efficiency in farming • Create new distinctive landscapes in GLONNVALLEY SETTLEMENT • Enhance green sustainable affordable association with new development housing Recreation: • Enhance the extensive interconnecting Weichs network of footpaths Character: • Enhance opportunities for recreation INFRASTRUCTURE

• Conserve historical places areas LOCATION

• Conserve the pattern of discrete rural • Enhance integrated public spaces SCHEMATIC SECTION/PETERSHAUSEN Settlements: Farming: SCALE 1: 1000 • Conserve the character of forests • Arable lands consolidation for special Recreation: operations RIVER GLONN SCHEMATIC SECTION/EBERSBACH • Theme parks • Smart farming and robotic agriculture SCALE 1: 1000 • Informal public spaces Housing: Farming: • Establishing green community living SCHEMATIC SECTION/WEICHS • Conserve the traditional farming • Provide for Variety in Housing Types SCALE 1: 1000 Landscape: • Inner development FOREST DPSIR • Biomass and energy crops SECTIONS Housing: • Responding to the character and sense of identity in new housing PASTURE

Ebersbach Character: • Conserve neutral pastures network • Conserve a natural river form • Recreate the former direction of the ARABLE LAND river

• Conserve historic and archaeological SWOT site of Weiches Moos Recreation: • Improve the public spaces qualities LANDUSE • Improve access to nature (Weiches Moos) PROPERTY Farming: GREENPOCKET

• Enhance productive landscape LANDUSE-LAYERS Housing: • Conserve historical housing VISION

52 53 52 53 1 SCENARIO I 2 SCENARIO II 3 SCENARIO III The overall concept map shows the gene- GREEN AREA DEVELOPMENT ral development of the area according to the infrastructure, recreation and public spaces and smart farming.

Based on the concept map there are two main recreation areas at the border of the Glonn.

The greenways, which connect the town with the nature. Also, robotic farming is located close to the railway, which is a contrast to the public urban gardens.

On top of that, new integrated public spa- ces give a new identity to Petershausen. CITYSCAPE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE LANDSCAPE - BACKBONE

UNCONTROLLED EXPANSION SCHEMATIC SECTION I SCHEMATIC SECTION II SCHEMATIC SECTION III SCALE 1: 1000 SCALE 1: 1000 SCALE 1: 1000 DETAILED DESIGN

SETTLEMENT DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTIC CHARACTERISTIC CHARACTERISTIC CONCEPT MAPS OVERALL CONCEPT

DETAIL I - CITY CENTER DETAIL II - URBAN GARDEN/ 1 SCALE 1: 500 2 FUTURE FARMING SCALE 1: 500 COMPARISON

SECTION I - CITY CENTER SECTION II - URBAN GAR- 1 SCALE 1: 250 2 DEN/FUTURE FARMING FUTURE FARMING SCALE 1: 500 The spidermaps and the findings- diagram are ba- sed on our own perception. DIAGRAM FINDINGS DETAILS 1 3 D PERSPECTIVES 2 3 D PERSPECTIVE SCHEMATIC SECTION The two focus areas show the new designed city CONCEPT center with a pedestrian zone with a multifunctio- nal parc, the „little Glonn“ and a beautiful market SCALE 1: 500 square in the middle of Petershausen on the one hand. On the other hand public urban gardens The final concept is the combination are located at the north side of the town at the of the „cityscape“ and the „Agro-Back- border to a new settlement district. On top of that bone“ - Scenarios. It is characterized you can find robotic farming areas between the by creating a relationship between the urban gardens and the forest. They represent the people, Petershausen, agriculture and future farming methods. the nature. RESULT

54 55 54 55 Represent a continuing sequence of Scenarios events flowing the demand on houses and Scenario 01: Future scenario for CONTEMPORARY LIVING increasing of population, as Petershausen Petershasuen, important landscape growth is rural natural small town and it’s close and development based on adjacency to to Munich because of the good train public transport system commuting system IN NATURE Scenario 02: Future scenario for In brief short distance from Munich, real- Petershasuen based on existing landscape estate growth and nature. are the three architecture plans growth expectations most essential features of Petershausen. Based on that; the development of the Scenario 03: Nature-infused landscape, landscape architecture, and its relation to architecture and urban farming green landscape represented by the urban development in Petershausen town farming are the key project elements. Concept Growing real estate market in Petershausen Nature-infused landscape, architecture while living in the nature in a semi-rural and urban farming development in area, house prices are still accepted Petershausen town comparing to Munich and people can reach Marienplatz in Munich in a short time Suggested Development from Petershausen, because of the good The combination of urban landscape transportation system “Munich S-Bahn”. and urban farming into the community. Real-estate brokers, developers and even Urban farming is one way to bring urban ordinary house sellers focusing in their ads dwellers together—to establish a sense on the short distance from Munich. of community among people otherwise independent and, in some cases, isolated. The rapidly growing population and Encouraging, healthier food—herbs, changing consumption patterns are vegetables and fruits—and you are more placing increasing pressure on landscape, likely to eat what’s in season, when you urban planning, agricultural fields eat what’s produced on an urban farm. and forestry production systems In Provides a learning opportunity, makes Petershausen; negative environmental and efficient use of land. Consider rooftop or

Hossam Nassar Syria social consequences have been observed vertical gardens: they take up minimal such as, land-use change. Taking in space but produce tons of fresh, healthy consideration “the process of formulating food. Many hydroponics systems are set and implementing land policies is not only up vertically, to fit anywhere even indoors. politically and technically difficult, it can also be costly. However, the costs of not formulating and implementing them are much higher” (Dowall, David & Clark Giles, 1997)

56 57 58 59 58 59 60 61 60 61 Description Lessons Learned Development plan of the Glonn Valley in Team members have slightly different GLONN_UP the section Petershausen, focused on priorities according to the achievements new settlements, land use management, of the project. There were two parts of recreation and preservation of the Glonn the group, where the first one was more river. creative, emotional and open to invest more The group consists of 4 members coming time on looking for new solutions. Second from 4 different continents. Two group part of the group was more pragmatic, members are urban architects and two better organized, focused on the final other landscape architects with a various product. The recommendation for this is to levels of experience and skills. well determinate priorities, avoiding Time Wasters, effective performance, Work Project Achievements Priority Checklist, staying focused on the During the planning process new methods tasks at and limit interruptions. were used, like GIS analyses, DPSIR, Also, team members had different scenarios and 12. Hester‘s Steps. All communications styles of work, where members of the team had different they found themselves comfortable. backgrounds, level of experience and Dissonances caused the drop-in work skills. Also the cultural differences had a quality inside the group. To counteract big impact into the workflow. However, the those things, we recommend to respect team managed to successfully combine the overall communication program: meet each capability. regularly; be inclusive, transparent, clear and concise and show some respect. Unexpected Events Recognize that being right may be There where modifications in the initial wrong. group composition, since one team In the initial stage of the project - collecting member left the group in the early stage materials and information- group 4. and and a new member joined in the middle 5. worked together because of the same stage of the project. The impacts it had for focus area. This combination didn‘t bring our team was that our schedule extended satisfying results because of the amount because of momentary distraction and of people engaged and sprawl of the disharmony in the work flow. The new information.

Luis Aquino Mexico member brought a fresh new look into The project management was based on the process of planning, additional ideas the previous experience of the group and balance between the team members. members and the new methods were not To react to those impacts we reviewed sufficiently used and implemented into the our management strategy, changed the whole process. The management of the communication among team members and work flow should be well prepared and Lubna Mansour Syria Ahmed Abdelhafaz Egypt Magdalena Giefert Poland split the tasks on the four persons. consistently conducted. The lack of the cooperation with the Mayor office of Petershausen also caused extensions in the schedule because of some delays in getting the expected materials. Instead we used other sources.

62 63 Project Performance The third scenario, “Lost Landscape”, The group chose Petershausen because if investigate the consequences of a high its problems and potentials, which could population influx and uncontrolled urban make the project more challenging. In the sprawl in the area. These two phenomena initial stage, the group decided to cooperate lead to unbalance between green and with the group 5 (also for Petershausen urban zones, ecosystems distractions area) in order to save time. After that we and reduction of biodiversity and other collected materials and information on disfunctions in the shape and functionality the focus area, defined problems and of the landscape. potentials and created the survey (only The final step was to overlap the three group 4.). The survey assured more scenarios with additional elements and sociological dimension to the project and focus on the details in a specific area. let the group to implement and exercise The result shows the development the knowledge gained during the first process in the time frame and deliver the semester in the area of Landscape and multi-dimensional proposal with a strong Democracy. Afterwards followed defining emphasis on restoration and preservation the main challenges and the red line of the of the landscape (especially the river project on the base of the survey and team Glonn), social interactive infrastructure, conclusions. For the main topic, the river fluent agricultural strategies, dynamic Glonn was chosen with the surrounding housing model, water management and area, new settlements and preserving the recreational areas respecting the protected ecological value of the landscape in the zone. To conclude, in the next 30 years zone. The variety of analyses led to 3 main the analyzed nodes will have a clear and scenarios that affect the chosen area: smooth relation between them.

The first scenario, “Policentric Estate”, focuses on the nodes: economic independency and diversity of services (creating the Central Market supplied by local producers), activation of the area along the river Glonn, control the urban dispersion and recovering the balance between green and urban areas.

The second scenario, “Dynamic Housing”, focuses on improving housing areas spread horizontally with clear limits, North- South green access and improved forest edges, creating the recreational areas inside the valley and along the green access as well as extensive urban vegetable gardens and other types of green public spaces between buildings. These two scenarios cover also a model of new mobility system.

64 65 64 65 66 67 66 67 IMPRINT

EDITORS Prof. Fritz Auweck Stefanie Gruber Florian Haas

LAYOUT Sabine Schneider

DATE March 2019

SUPPORT The project was supported by the programme ‚Förderung des Studienerfolgs ausländischer Vollstudierender‘ of the Bavarian State Ministry of Science.

68 69 International Master of Landscape Architecture www.imla-campus.eu 2019