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(S-3070/16) PROYECTO DE DECLARACION El Senado De La “2016 Año del Bicentenario de la Declaración de la Independencia Nacional” (S-3070/16) PROYECTO DE DECLARACION El Senado de la Nación DECLARA Su apoyo y adhesión a la lucha incansable de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo, al celebrarse el jueves 11 de agosto de 2016 la ronda número 2000 alrededor de la Pirámide de Mayo, en la Plaza de Mayo. Virginia M. García.- María E. Labado.- Marcelo J. Fuentes.- Anabel Fernández Sagasti.- Ruperto E. Godoy.- FUNDAMENTOS Señora Presidenta: El 30 de abril de 1977, a poco más de un año de la instauración de la dictadura cívico – militar más aberrante que sufrió nuestro país, un grupo de catorce mujeres madres de desaparecidos fueron convocadas por Azucena Villaflor de Devicenti a la Plaza de Mayo para reclamar a la Junta Militar por la aparición con vida de sus hijos secuestrados, dando origen a uno de los movimientos de derechos humanos y de resistencia política no violento más poderoso y emblemático del mundo, resignificando el dolor en lucha colectiva. Ese día sábado, en medio del estado de sitio impuesto por la dictadura, Azucena Villaflor, Berta Braverman, Haydée García Buelas, María Adela Gard de Antokoletz, Julia Gard, María Mercedes Gard y Cándida Gard, Delicia González, Pepa García de Noia, Mirta Baravalle, Kety Neuhaus, Raquel Arcushin, Elida de Caimi y una joven que no dio su nombre se reunieron con el objetivo de conseguir una audiencia con el presidente de facto, el genocida Jorge Rafael Videla. Inmediatamente se les acercaron policías para informarles que estaban prohibidos los grupos de tres o más personas, y que estaba prohibido estar de pie inmóvil en la vía pública (por el estado de sitio), por lo que les ordenaron que circularan o que se retiraran de la Plaza de Mayo. En cambio, las Madres empezaron a caminar en círculos a paso lento alrededor de la Pirámide de Mayo, tomadas del brazo de a dos, para evitar formar grupos de tres. Tras la tercera reunión y con la presencia de más madres, incluida Hebe de Bonafini, decidieron hacer las rondas los jueves por la tarde. Para reconocerse comenzaron a usar un pañuelo blanco en la cabeza, “2016 Año del Bicentenario de la Declaración de la Independencia Nacional” hecho de los pañales de tela para bebé, representando así a sus hijos, transformándolo en un símbolo de lucha. Estas mujeres, junto con sus maridos y familiares, salieron a la Plaza después de golpear puertas de juzgados, comisarías, iglesias y despachos de funcionarios, sin obtener ninguna respuesta sobre el paradero de sus hijos. Durante los años de dictadura las Madres sufrieron persecución y violencia. Su fundadora, Azucena Villaflor fue secuestrada de su casa en Avellaneda por un Grupo de Tareas de la Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA), junto con otras dos Madres y las monjas francesas Alice Domon y Léonie Duquet. A pesar de este terrible hecho, las Madres no flaquearon y continuaron con su lucha. Aún en democracia, durante los gobiernos de Alfonsín, Menem y De la Rúa, las Madres continuaron con sus marchas reclamando la aparición con vida de sus hijos secuestrados y desaparecidos, y el juicio y castigo a los genocidas responsables. Lamentablemente, las primeras décadas del retorno a la democracia en nuestro país estuvieron marcadas por la impunidad en materia de derechos humanos, debido a la sanción de las leyes de Obediencia Debida y Punto Final, y los indultos a los genocidas condenados. El gobierno iniciado en 2003 con Néstor Carlos Kirchner marcó un giro en este sentido, respondiendo a la demanda de justicia de una gran parte de la sociedad, cristalizado en las organizaciones de Derechos Humanos, y estableciendo como política de Estado la lucha por la Memoria, la Verdad y la Justicia. Entre otras cosas, promovió la declaración de nulidad de las llamadas “leyes del perdón” (Obediencia Debida y Punto Final) e impulsó la reanudación de los juicios por crímenes de Lesa Humanidad. Las Madres sintieron que su reclamo por fin estaba siendo escuchado, y que por primera vez tenían a un amigo en la Casa Rosada. En ese sentido, en el año 2006 y con motivo de cumplirse la ronda 1500 en la Plaza, las Madres de Plaza de Mayo anunciaron que ponían fin a las Marchas de la Resistencia. En noviembre de 2015, tras la victoria de Mauricio Macri en las elecciones presidenciales, Hebe de Bonafini, titular de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo, anunció el retorno de las Marchas de la Resistencia, argumentando que volvía el enemigo de la lucha por los Derechos Humanos. En efecto, estaba en lo cierto: se ha producido un violento retroceso en todo lo logrado en estos años de reparación histórica. “2016 Año del Bicentenario de la Declaración de la Independencia Nacional” Las Madres y Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo son un símbolo de la tenacidad y perseverancia en la lucha; son el ejemplo de que no es necesaria la violencia para obtener reparación y justicia, y que la memoria es parte vital de la historia y del presente de los pueblos, que tienen la obligación de no olvidar para no repetir los horrores del pasado. Es por todo lo expuesto, y en honor a la lucha de estas mujeres por la Memoria, la Verdad y la Justicia, es que solicito a mis pares la aprobación del presente Proyecto de Declaración. Virginia M. García.- María E. Labado.- Marcelo J. Fuentes.- Anabel Fernández Sagasti.- Ruperto E. Godoy.- . .
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