Records of the Khorsabad Expedition 1928-1935

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition 1928-1935

I. Descriptive Summary

Title: Khorsabad Expedition. Records Dates: 1928-1935 Size: 23.75 linear feet Extent: 19 boxes Repository: Oriental Institute Museum Archives Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago 1155 East 58th Street Chicago, IL 60637

Abstract The Khorsabad Field Records relate to the Oriental Institute excavations at the site of Khorsabad (ancient Dur-Sharrukin) that took place over a period of six years from 1929/1930 to 1934/1935 and include field records, field diaries, field negatives and file prints.

II. Information on Use

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Citation When quoting material from this collection, the preferred citation is: Khorsabad Expedition. Records, [Box #, Folder #], Oriental Instititute of the University of Chicago.

III. History The Khorsabad Field Records relate to the excavations at the site of Khorsabad (ancient Dur-Sharrukin) that took place over a period of six years from 1929/1930 to 1934/1935.

The first Field Director at Khorsabad was Edward Chiera, who worked at the site from 1927 to April 4, 1928, and again during the winter of 1928/1929. During the first season, Chiera was assisted by R.F.S. Starr, and during the second season by F.H. Blackburn, R.A. Martin, P.P. Delougaz and E. Wilensky. The records for this season consist of the carbon copy of a typed report by P.P. Delougaz for the spring of 1929, excerpts from a carbon copy of the Khorsabad Diary of 1929 (dated May 31 to June 19, 1929), and a handwritten copy (apparently not in Delougaz’ handwriting) of the Khorsabad

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 1 of 8 Diary for 1929. The report gives an account of crating, shipping, and transporting the colossal winged bull-man (lamassu) from Khorsabad to Chicago.

The first “official” season of work at Khorsabad was the season of 1929/1930, which took place from February 8 to May 2, 1930. The expedition was re-named the “Iraq Expedition,” under the direction of Henri Frankfort, and the site director at Khorsabad was Gordon Loud, with the assistance of Seton Lloyd and Pierre P. Delougaz. Thorkild P.R. Jacobsen served as epigrapher, with the general assistance of other members of the Iraq Expedition, including Rigmor (Mrs. Thorkild) Jacobsen as photographer and Miss G. Rachel Levy as recorder. A Daybook of the Excavations at Khorsabad, 1930, survives. It is dated from December 3, 1929 to April 8, 1930, and is partly typescript and partly handwritten. The initials of Henri Frankfort are written on the title page. A photograph album, evidently compiled for Oriental Institute Director James Henry Breasted, is dated January 25 to April 12, 1930; it contains a selection of the field photographs for the season.

The second season, 1930/1931, under the general direction of Henri Frankfort, had Gordon Loud as site director for Khorsabad, with P.P. Delougaz assisting. Thorkild P. R. Jacobsen was the cuneiform specialist, Mrs. Jacobsen was photographer and Miss Levy was the recorder. There seems to be no surviving daybook for this season.

The third season, 1931/1932, ran from February 15 to April 9, 1932, and was under the general direction of Henri Frankfort with Gordon Loud as site director for Khorsabad, assisted by Hamilton D. Darby, with Mrs. Jacobsen as photographer, and Miss Levy as recorder. The typed daybook for this season, which seems to be the work of Gordon Loud, runs from February 11 to April 5, 1932, and is illustrated with a selection of tipped-in photographs from the field negatives.

The fourth season, 1932/1933, ran from November 30, 1932 to April 15, 1933, and was under the general direction of Henri Frankfort, with Gordon Loud as site director for Khorsabad. Loud was assisted by F.L.W. Richardson, Jr., and Hamilton D. Darby, with Thorkild P. R. Jacobsen as epigrapher. A daybook for this season, the work of Gordon Loud, is dated from November 28, 1932 to April 21, 1933, and exists as a typescript with a selection of tipped-in photographs from the season as illustrations.

The fifth season, 1933/1934, ran from December 5, 1933 to April 15, 1934, under the general direction of Henri Frankfort, with Gordon Loud as site director for Khorsabad. Loud was assisted by Charles B. Altman and Hamilton D. Darby, with Thorkild P.R. Jacobsen as epigrapher. Mrs. Jacobsen was photographer and Miss Levy was recorder. A daybook for this season, the work of Gordon Loud, is dated from November 15, 1933 to April 20, 1934 and exists as a typescript with a selection of tipped-in photographs from the season as illustrations.

IV. Biography DR. EDWARD CHIERA (05 Aug 1885 - 21 Jun 1933) Edward Chiera (1885-1933) was an Italian-American scholar and educator of Assyriology. Born in Rome, Chiera moved to the United States as a child and later attended the Crozer Theological Seminary, obtaining theological degrees in 1911 and 1912. The following year, he conducted his doctoral work in Semitics at the University of Pennsylvania, studying under the renowned Morris Jastrow, also a close future colleague. Chiera was taught to autograph cuneiform texts by expert A.T. Clay as well. After earning his Ph.D. in 1913, Chiera joined the University Faculty. In 1919, facing a lack of Near Eastern Studies staff, the University changed his title from Instructor of Assyriology to Semitics,

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 2 of 8 requiring him to devote more time to teaching Hebrew and other languages. However, Chiera did also edit several volumes of Babylonian Inscriptions and contracts housed at the University Museum. He would go on to attain the rank of Professor in 1926. During that period, Chiera also directed two seasons of expeditions at Nuzi, an ancient center of Hurrian culture. Sponsored by the American Schools of Oriental Research and Harvard University, he was the first to excavate there; he published three volumes of the many texts he uncovered there, with two more released posthumously. He served as Annual Professor of ASOR’s Baghdad School in 1925. In 1927, Chiera was appointed Professor at the University of Chicago as well as Editor of the Oriental Institute’s Chicago Assyrian Dictionary. He instituted the mimeograph printing machine, faster and more efficient than the hectograph press previously in place; at the time of his death, the Assyrian Dictionary Project’s files contained roughly 1,500,00 cards. In 1928, Chiera directed the Institute’s excavation at Khorsabad, the site of ancient Dur-Sharrukin. Upon his return to Chicago, he presented the many sculptures he had secured to the Institute staff and convinced them to send an expedition to the Assyrian city for the next several seasons. Chiera is also credited with a volume of Sumerian religious texts and extensive compilations of Assyrian personal names. He died of illness at the age of 48, having recently been appointed Professor to the ASOR in Baghdad.

KENNETH GORDON LOUD (1900 - 09 Mar 1971) Gordon Loud studied at the Harvard School of Architecture. He served as a field architect on the Univeresity of Michigan's Fayum Expedition in Egypt and came to the Oriental Institute in 1929. He led excavations at Khorsabad and Megiddo prior to his departure from the Institute, as well as the field of archaeology, in 1946.

V. Scope and Content Field records, field diaries, field negatives and file prints for field seasons 1929-1935.

IV. Box Inventory Series 1: Field Negatives Box 008: Khorsabad Field Negatives D.S. 301 - D.S. 379 Box 009: Khorsabad Field Negatives D.S.13 - D.S. 124 Box 010: Khorsabad Field Negatives D.S. 401 - D.S. 582 Box 011: Khorsabad Field Negatives D.S. 602 - D.S. 767 Series 2: Miscellaneous Box 001: Miscellaneous Khorsabad Field Records Folder 001: Khorsabad Manuscript 1929 Folder 002: Khorsabad Manuscript 1929 Folder 003: Field Diary Photocopy Folder 004: Khorsabad Field Diary 1929 Folder 005: Khorsabad Field Diary 1929 Folder 006: Newspaper Clipping Folder 007: Daybook of the Excavations at Khorsabad, 1930 Folder 008: Khorsabad Photo Album 1930 Folder 009: Khorsabad Visitor's Book

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 3 of 8 Folder 010: Khorsabad London Photographs Folder 011: Khorsabad Catalog Cards of Objects Folder 012: List of Objects from Room 12 and "Bath" Folder 013: Khorsabad Aerial View Folder 014: Khorsabad Frescoes Folder 015: Khorsabad Native Village Folder 016: Khorsabad Excavation Views Folder 017: Khorsabad Miscellaneous Folder 018: Khorsabad Removing, Crating and Shipping Relief Fragments Folder 019: Khorsabad Staff Folder 020: Khorsabad Visit of King Feisal Folder 021: Khorsabad Reliefs in Situ Folder 022: Periodicals Folder 023: Periodicals Folder 024: Installing the Winged Bull-Man Folder 025: Newspaper Clippings Folder 026: Periodicals Box 002: Miscellaneous Folder 001: Bibliography Folder 002: Archives Memos and Notes Folder 003: The Winged Bull-Man Press Clippings Folder 004: Khorsabad Palace Report Folder 005: Khorsabad Fragment Photographs Folder 006: Khorsabad Seals Folder 007: Object Register Folder 008: Object Register Folder 009: Object Register Folder 010: Object Register Folder 011: Object Register Box 012: Folder 001: R.A.F. Photos of the Kurdish War Folder 002: Botta and Flandin Plates Folder 003: Unidentified Negatives Folder 004: Reliefs, Iraq Antiquities Organization Folder 005: Display Panel for Winged-Bull Man Box 013: Folder 001: Nabu Temple Locus H Folder 002: Nabu Temple Locus H

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 4 of 8 Folder 003: Sargon's Palace Folder 004: Personnel Folder 005: Residence K Folder 006: Palace F Box 014: Folder 001: Residence L Folder 002: Locus Z Folder 003: Sargon's Palace, Room 170 Folder 004: Palace and Nabu Temple Bridge Folder 005: Palace Throne Room Folder 006: Sargon's Palace, Room 7 Folder 007: Glazed Brick Tableau Folder 008: Sargon's Palace, Sin Temple Folder 009: Sargon's Palace, Room 84 Folder 010: Sargon's Palace, Room 164 Folder 011: Sargon's Palace, Room 165 Folder 012: Sargon's Palace, Room 166 Folder 013: Sargon's Palace, Room 167 Folder 014: Sargon's Palace, Court XV Folder 015: Sargon's Palace, Court XXXI Folder 016: Architectural Elements Folder 017: Inscribed Bricks Folder 018: Bronze Objects Folder 019: General Site Views Box 015: Folder 001: Bronze Repoussé Band Folder 002: Bronze Repoussé Bands Folder 003: Clay Bullae Folder 004: Inscriptions Folder 005: Inscriptions Folder 006: Cuneiform Inscriptions Folder 007: Barrel-prisms Folder 008: Ivories Box 016: Folder 001: Ivories Folder 002: Jewelry Folder 003: King List Folder 004: Sculpture

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 5 of 8 Folder 005: Pottery Box 017: Folder 001: Reliefs Folder 002: Seals Folder 003: Statues Folder 004: Weights Folder 005: Transportation of the Winged Bull-Man Folder 006: Installation of the Winged Bull-Man Folder 007: Visit of King Feisal Box 018: Folder 001: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 002: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 003: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 004: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 005: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 006: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 007: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 008: Miscellaneous Photographs Box 019: Folder 001: Nineteenth-Century Drawings Folder 002: Drawings Folder 003: Expedition House Folder 004: Native Life Folder 005: Paintings Folder 006: Floor Plans Box 020: Folder 001: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 002: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 003: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 004: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 005: Miscellaneous Photographs Box 021: Folder 001: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 002: Oriental Institute Museum, North Gallery Folder 003: Miscellaneous Photographs Folder 004: Botta Drawings Folder 005: Excavation Views Folder 006: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 1 - 100

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 6 of 8 Folder 007: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 101 - 200 Folder 008: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 201 - 300 Folder 009: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 301 - 400 Folder 010: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 401 - 500 Folder 011: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 501 - 600 Folder 012: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 601 - 700 Folder 013: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 701 - 768 Folder 014: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 800 - 900 Folder 015: Prints from Field Negatives D.S. 901 Box 022: Folder 001: Aerial Views Folder 002: R.A.F. Photographs Folder 003: R.A.F. Photographs Folder 004: R.A.F. Photographs Box 023: Folder 001: Promotional Materials Series 3: Expedition Diaries Box 003: Expedition Diary Box 004: Expedition Diary Folder 001: Expedition Diary 1 Box 005: Expedition Diary Folder 001: Expedition Diary 2 Box 006: Expedition Diary Folder 001: Expedition Diary 3 Box 007: Expedition Diary Folder 001: Expedition Diary 4

VII. Bibliography Frankfort, Henri. Tell Asmar, Khafaje and Khorsabad. Second Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition. Oriental Institute Communications 16. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1933.

Frankfort, Henri. Iraq Excavations of the Oriental Institute 1932/33. Third Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition. Oriental Institute Communications 17. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1934.

Frankfort, Henri. Oriental Institute Discoveries in Iraq, 1933/34. Fourth Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition. Oriental Institute Communications 19. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1935.

Guide to the Records of the Khorsabad Expedition ©23-Jul-2015 Oriental Institute Page 7 of 8 Frankfort, Henri. Progress of the Work of the Oriental Institute in Iraq, 1934/35. Fifth Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition. Oriental Institute Communications 20. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1936.

Loud, Kenneth Gordon. Khorsabad, Part I: Excavations in the Palace and at a City Gate. Oriental Institute Publications 38. Chicago: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1936.

Loud, Kenneth Gordon and Charles B. Altman. Khorsabad, Part II. The Citadel and the Town. Oriental Institute Publications 40. Chicago: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1938.