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Studija O Izvodljivosti Za Zaštitu Kanala Ibar

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Studija O Izvodljivosti Za Zaštitu Kanala Ibar Vlada Kosova STUDIJA O IZVODLJIVOSTI ZA ZAŠTITU KANALA IBAR - LEPENAC, KOSOVO OKVIR PROCENE EKOLOŠKOG I SOCIJALNOG UTICAJA (ESIAF) SA EKOLOŠKIM I SOCIJALNIM UPRAVLJAČKIM OKVIROM (ESMF) FEBRUAR 2016. Izveštaj ESIAF i ESMF OKVIR PROCENE EKOLOŠKOG I SOCIJALNOG UTICAJA (ESIAF) SA EKOLOŠKIM I SOCIJALNIM UPRAVLJAČKIM OKVIROM (ESMF) SADRŽAJ 1 UVOD .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 KONTEKST I CILJEVI ESIAF ........................................................................................................ 5 1.2 SADRŽAJ PROGRAMA ZA SEKTOR VODA ....................................................................................... 7 1.3 OBLAST OBUHVAĆENA STUDIJOM .............................................................................................. 10 1.3.1 Radovi na zaštiti i poboljšanjima duž delova kanala koji su na otvorenom ................................ 11 1.3.2 Projektna oblast rezervoara za hitne i vanredne situacije Mihalić (ERM) ................................. 11 2 ZAKONSKI OKVIR ...................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 POLITIKA SVETSKE BANKE ........................................................................................................ 13 2.1.1 Ekološka procena (OP/BP 4.01) ............................................................................................ 13 2.1.2 Nedobrovoljno raseljavanje (OP/BP 4.12) ............................................................................. 14 2.1.3 Prirodna staništa (OP/BP 4.04) ............................................................................................ 15 2.1.1 Fizički kulturni resursi (OP/BP 4.11) .................................................................................... 15 2.2 NACIONALNO ZAKONODAVSTVO KOSOVA .................................................................................. 15 2.2.1 Zakoni u životnoj sredini ...................................................................................................... 15 2.2.2 Socijalni zakoni ................................................................................................................... 16 2.3 NACIONALNE POLITIKE I STRATEGIJE ......................................................................................... 16 2.3.1 Životna sredina .................................................................................................................... 16 2.4 POTREBAN JE DALJI NAPREDAK KAKO BIH SE ISPUNILI STANDARDI EU ......................................... 18 2.4.1 Ekološke politike .................................................................................................................. 18 INDEKS GRAFIKONA Slika 1 : Projektovane lokacije radova ................................................................................................. 10 Slika 2 : Lokacija projektovanog rezervoara Mihalić i cevovoda........................................................ 11 Slika 3 : Projektovana lokacija radova ................................................................................................. 22 Slika 4: Sliv reke Ibar .......................................................................................................................... 23 Slika 5: Mapa ERM i distributivna mreža ........................................................................................... 25 Slika 6 : Količina kiše u oblasti pokrivenij studijom ........................................................................... 27 Slika 7 : Kosovska hidrografska mreža (ILC i lokacija rezervoara Mihalić) ...................................... 28 Slika 8 : Hidrometrijska mreža za basen reke Ibar .............................................................................. 29 Slika 9 : Lokacije zagađivača na glavnim rekama na Kosovu (ILC i rezervoar Mihalić) ................... 31 Slika 10 : Lokacije razmeštaja u regionu Mitrovica ............................................................................ 32 Slika 11 : Lokacije projekta i zaštićenih oblasti na Kosovu ................................................................ 33 Slika 12 : Nivoi rizika za drveće i šumske zone duž ILC (izvor: izveštaj “Vegetacija”) .................... 34 Slika 13 : Mapa korišćenja zemljišta u granicama projektovanog rezervoara za hitne potrebe (studija o izvodljivosti) ...................................................................................................................................... 37 Slika 14 : Trend promena u populaciji po naseljima u oblasti obuhvaćenoj studoijom od 1981-2011 38 Slika 15 : Piramida populacije* ........................................................................................................... 39 Strana 2 od 157 Izveštaj ESIAF i ESMF Slika 16 : sadržaj rezervoara za hitne i vanredne potrebe .................................................................... 41 Slika 17: zadržavajući zid tip V ........................................................................................................... 99 Slika 18: Odvod – trapezni oblik ...................................................................................................... 100 Slika 19: Odvod – pravougaoni oblik ................................................................................................ 100 Slika 20: Detalj predložene metalne ograde ...................................................................................... 100 Slika 21: Pravila obezbednoj udaljenosti za drveće i žbunje na kanalu Ibra ..................................... 101 TABELE Tabela 1 : Glavni planirani projektni radovi na kanalu IL ..................................................................... 9 Tabela 2 : Fizičke komponente strukture ILC ..................................................................................... 21 Tabela 3 : Potencijalni uticaj obnove ILC na život lokalnog stanovništva .......................................... 45 Tabela 4 : Potencijalni uticaj ILC na dostupnost stambenog prostora ................................................. 46 Tabela 5 : Potencijalni uticaj ILC na poljoprivrednu proizvodnju ...................................................... 47 Tabela 6 : Globalni pregled korišćenja zemljišta u nizu pod-projekata kanala ................................... 48 Tabela 7 : ERM potencijalni uticaj preuzete zemlje i dostupnost infrastrukture ................................. 48 Tabela 8 : Globalni pregled korišćenja zemljišta u ERM .................................................................... 49 Tabela 9 : Istraživanja na polju životne sredine koja je potrebno sprovesti pre ERM EIA ................. 63 Tabela 10 Ekološka savesnost ............................................................................................................. 70 Tabela 11 : Istraživanja na polju životne sredine koja je potrebno sprovesti pre ERM EIA ............... 88 Strana 3 od 157 Izveštaj ESIAF i ESMF Spisak skraćenica CBA Analiza odnosa troškova i koristi EBRD Evropska banka za obnovu i razvoj EPU Ekološki plan upravljanja ERO Regulatorna kancelarija za energiju E&S Ekološki i socijalni ESIA Ocena ekološkog i socijalnog uticaja ESMP Ekološki i socijalni plan upravljanja FS Studija o izvodljivosti GPS Globalni pozicioni sistem ILC FPE akcionarsko društvo Ibar - Lepenac IL Ibar-Lepenac IOW Međunarodna kancelarija za vode KEDS Kosovska kompanija za elektrodistribuciju i snabdevanje KEK Kosovska energetska korporacija KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau MŽSPP Ministarstvo za životnu sredinu i prostorno planiranje MW Megavat (Mega Watt) O&O Operacije i održavanje PFMA Menadžment javnih finansija i odgovornost PMF Verovatna maksimalna poplava RAP Akcioni plan za raseljavanje RPF Okvir politike raseljavanja RKVP Regionalna kompanija za vodu Priština SCADA Supervizorska kontrola i prikupljanje podataka SIC Simulacija irigacionog kanala SB Svetska banka SEVP Sistem za evaluaciju voda i planiranje Strana 4 od 157 Izveštaj ESIAF i ESMF 1 UVOD 1.1 Kontekst i ciljevi ESIAF Svetska banka je pružila podršku Vladi Kosova u identifikovanju prioritetnih mera (strukturnih i ne-strukturnih) koje su potrebne za sektor voda, šire posmatrano da se ostvare njeni socio – ekonomski razvojni ciljevi u vezi sa kvalitetom vode u basenu Ibra. Podrška Svetske banke je za rezultat imala studiju Sigurnost voda za centralno Kosovo. Ova studija je ocenjivala postojeći strukturni integritet, kao i građevinski kvalitet sistema prenosa velike količine vode. Između više alternativa, identifikovan je set mera koje su potrebne radi poboljšanja sigurnosti u basenu kanala Ibar - Lepenac (IL), za šta je pripremljena studija o izvodljivosti. Glavni cilj studije o izvodljivosti bio je da se uspostavi osnova za poboljšanje pouzdanosti i kvaliteta snabdevanja vodom za centralno Kosovo, putem definisanja investicionih mera potrebnih da se obezbedi neprekidno i kvalitetno snabdevanje vodom iz kanala IL. Za identifikovane mere za poboljšanje sigurnosti vode u kanalu IL pripremljen je Okvir procene ekološkog i socijalnog uticaja. Postojeći Okvir procene socijalnog i ekološkog uticaja (u daljem tekstu: ESIAF) ima dva cilja: a) Za radove na rehabilitaciji (komponente projekta treba da se pripreme pre ili nakon ocene projekta) da se ispita uticaj, identifikuju ekološke savesne obaveze i da se utvrde ublažavajuće mere koje se odnose na konkretan rad, kao i praćenje i nadgledanje, u formi
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