APA Style for Citing References
APA Style for Citing References APA style requires two elements for citing outside sources: brief parenthetical citations in the text of a paper, and a detailed References list at the end. Together, these elements allow your reader to know and to access the sources you used. For the system to function, all sources cited in the text must appear in the References list, and all sources listed in the References list must be cited in the text. For more information, go to library.uml.edu (if needed, access via "Off Campus Users Login), select <Create a Bibliography>, scroll down to the "Websites" section and select <American Psychological Association formats>, then <Create an APA reference list>. Citations in Text APA style calls for at least two pieces of information to be included whenever citing the source of information presented in the text of a paper. The author’s surname, followed by a comma and the work’s date of publication, must always appear, and these items must match the corresponding entry in the references list (same surnames, same order, same year). A third possible piece of information, the page number (or for unpaged websites, the paragraph number), must be used for any direct quotation. For articles with multiple authors, use all authors’ surnames, in correct order, separated by commas, with ampersand (&) before the last surname. The use of ‘et al.’ (literally, “and others”) is permitted only when there are 7 or more authors, or whenever the citation, with all authors’ names, has already been used once in the paper. If the author is an organization, use the organization's full name, in normal word order.
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