A Companion to Walter Burley Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition A series of handbooks and reference works on the intellectual and religious life of Europe, 500–1800 Editor-in-Chief Christopher M. Bellitto (Kean University) VOLUME 41 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/bcct A Companion to Walter Burley Late Medieval Logician and Metaphysician Edited by Alessandro D. Conti LEIDEN • BOSTON 2013 Cover illustration: detail from the sculptured funerary monument of Giovanni da Legnano (1320–83), Doctor utriusque iuris of the University of Bologna. Courtesy of the Museo Civico Medievale of Bologna. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A companion to Walter Burley : late medieval logician and metaphysician / Edited by Alessandro D. Conti. p. cm. — (Brill’s companions to the Christian tradition ; Volume 41) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-24461-0 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-24460-3 (e-book) 1. Burlaeus, Gualterus, 1275–1345? 2. Philosophy, Medieval. I. Conti, Alessandro D. B765.B8484C66 2013 189’.4—dc23 2013002068 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1871-6377 ISBN 978-90-04-24461-0 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-24460-3 (e-book) Copyright 2013 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Notes on Contributors ................................................................................... vii Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 Alessandro D. Conti PART ONE THE INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT Chapter One. Life and Works .................................................................... 17 Appendix: A Complete List of Burley’s Works ................................. 46 Marta Vittorini Chapter Two. The Ockham–Burley Dispute ......................................... 49 Catarina Dutilh Novaes PART TWO THE LOGICIAN AND METAPHYSICIAN Chapter Three. Meaning and Truth ......................................................... 87 Laurent Cesalli Chapter Four. Being and Analogy ............................................................ 135 E. Jennifer Ashworth Chapter Five. Universals and Individuals .............................................. 167 Hans-Ulrich Wöhler Chapter Six. Burley’s Theories of Categories ......................................... 191 Alessandro D. Conti vi contents PART THREE THE NATURAL, MORAL, AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHER Chapter Seven. Knowledge ......................................................................... 225 Alessandro D. Conti Chapter Eight. Physical Forms and Matter ............................................ 247 Elżbieta Jung Chapter Nine. Motion and Time ............................................................... 267 Cecilia Trifogli Chapter Ten. Generation and Corruption ............................................. 301 Marek Gensler Chapter Eleven. The Ethics of Walter Burley ....................................... 321 Iacopo Costa Chapter Twelve. Burley’s Commentary on the Politics: Exegetic Techniques and Political Language ................................................... 347 Roberto Lambertini PART FOUR BURLEY’S LEGACY Chapter Thirteen. 14th-Century Reactions to Burley ......................... 377 Fabrizio Amerini Selected Bibliography .................................................................................... 411 Index ................................................................................................................... 419 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Fabrizio Amerini is Researcher of History of Medieval Philosophy at the University of Parma, Italy. He specializes in Medieval Philosophy at the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa, Italy (2003) and his recent publications include Tommaso d’Aquino su origine e fine della vita umana (Pisa, Italy, 2009; Engl. trans. by M.G. Henninger, Harvard 2013). E. Jennifer Ashworth, Distinguished Professor Emerita at the University of Waterloo, has published extensively on medieval and post-medieval logic and philosophy of language. Her books include Language and Logic in the Post-Medieval Period (1974) and Les théories de l’analogie du xiie au xvie siècle (2008). Laurent Cesalli, Chargé de recherche at the CNRS (UMR 8163, Lille 3), is working on semantics, philosophy of mind, and metaphysics in medi- eval philosophy (12th–14th centuries) and in Austro-German philosophy (19th–20th centuries). He recently published Le réalisme propositionnel. Sémantique et ontologie des propositions chez Jean Duns Scot, Gauthier Bur- ley, Richard Brinkley et Jean Wyclif (Vrin, 2007). Alessandro D. Conti is Associate Professor of Medieval Philosophy at the University of L’Aquila (Italy). He is a member of the Editorial Board of Vivarium and a collaborator of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. He has published extensively on medieval logic, metaphysics, and philosophy of language. His recent publications include the chapter 47: “Realism” in The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy (R. Pasnau ed., 2010). Iacopo Costa is chargé de recherche at CNRS (Centre d’Études Supérieu- res de Civilisation Médiévale, Poitiers, France) and socius adiunctus at the Commissio Leonina (Paris). He specialises in the study of the reception of Aristotelian ethics in the Latin West in 13th and 14th centuries. His publi- cations include the critical edition of two Ethics commentaries: those by Radulphus Brito (Brepols, 2008) and by an anonymous Parisian Master of Arts (Brepols, 2010). viii notes on contributors Catarina Dutilh Novaes is Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Philo- sophy of the University of Groningen. She specializes in history and phi- losophy of logic, medieval logic in particular, and her recent publications include Formalizing Medieval Logical Theories (Springer, 2007) and Formal Languages in Logic—A Philosophical and Cognitive Analysis (Cambridge University Press, 2012). Marek Gensler is a Professor at the Institute of Philosophy, University of Łódź. He specialises in the fourteenth century philosophy and theology. His recent publications include Kłopotliwa zmiana czyli Waltera Burleya zmagania ze zmiennością rzeczy (A Troublesome Change or Walter Burley’s Struggles with Mutability of Things), Łódź 2007; “Ontological Foundations of Proper Diet in Walter Burley”, Mediaevalia Philosophica Polonorum, 36.2, (2007); “1308: Walter Burley’s De Generatione Commentary”, in: 1308. Eine Topographie historischer Gleichzeitigkeit, Miscellanea Mediaevalia, 35 (2010). Elżbieta Jung is a Professor at the Institute of Philosophy University of Łódź. She specialises in the fourteenth century philosophy and theology and history of science. Her recent publications include “Scotistic and Ockhamist Contribution to Kilvington’s Ethical and Theological Views”, in 1308. Eine Topographie historischer Gleichzeitigkeit, Miscellanea Media- valia, 35 (2010); and “Unequal infinities? John Duns Scotus’s Theory of God’s potentia absoluta/ordinata as an Inspiration for Development of 14th Century Mathematics, in: Błogosławiony Jan Duns Szkot 1308–2008 (Lublin 2010). Roberto Lambertini is Professor of Medieval History at the Univer- sity of Macerata (Italy)—Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici. He speciali- ses in medieval intellectual history. Among his publications, La povertà pensata (Modena 2000), and various articles on medieval political thought. Cecilia Trifogli is Professor of Medieval Philosophy at the University of Oxford. She specialises in the reception of Aristotle’s philosophy in the 13th and 14th centuries. Her recent publications include: Thomas Wylton, On the Intellectual Soul (Oxford University Press, 2010). notes on contributors ix Marta Vittorini is Doctor of Philosophy in Medieval Studies (University of Salerno, 2006). She attended a post-doctorate class at Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa, Italy in the years 2008 and 2009. She specializes in Late Medieval philosophy and theology. Her recent publications include the critical edition of Walter Burley’s commentary on the De substantia orbis (Medioevo, 36, 2011). Hans-Ulrich Wöhler is Professor at the Institut für Philosophie, Tech- nische Universität Dresden, Germany. He specialises in the history of late medieval philosophy. His recent publications include the edition and translation into German of Walter Burley’s Tractatus de universalibus (Stuttgart/Leipzig, 1999), and the volume Dialektik in der mittelalterlichen Philosophie (Berlin, 2006). INTRODUCTION Alessandro D. Conti Until some 30 years ago, medieval scholars and historians of philosophy had not generally done justice to Walter Burley, or Burleigh