Henrique Capriles Radonski
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Redalyc.LOS TÉRMINOS DE LA CRISIS VENEZOLANA
Boletín de Lingüística ISSN: 0798-9709 [email protected] Universidad Central de Venezuela Venezuela Lovón Cueva, Marco Antonio; Pita Garcia, Paula Sharon LOS TÉRMINOS DE LA CRISIS VENEZOLANA Boletín de Lingüística, vol. XXVIII, núm. 45-46, enero-diciembre, 2016, pp. 79-110 Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas, Venezuela Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=34754747004 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto BOLETÍN DE LINGÜÍSTICA, XXVIII/45-46 / Ene - Dic, 2016: 79-110 79 LOS TÉRMINOS DE LA CRISIS VENEZOLANA Marco Antonio Lovón Cueva Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) [email protected] Paula Sharon Pita Garcia Universidad Ricardo Palma (URP) [email protected] RESUMEN En los últimos años, en Venezuela, el contexto político-económico, entre la continuidad del régimen y el descontento social, ha ocasionado que los venezolanos inventen y recreen una serie de palabras para expresarse sobre dicho acontecimiento. Este trabajo lexicográfico y lexicológico recoge y analiza dichas voces, tales como majunche, pupitrazo, boliburgués. Cada entrada lexicográfica presenta una definición, alguna precisión etimológica, una marca gramatical, una marca sociolingüística, un ejemplo de uso, y alguna nota lexicográfica. Los datos han sido recopilados de distintas fuentes, particularmente de sitios web, y validados por hablantes del país. La investigación concluye con la importancia de recoger las distintas expresiones lingüísticas de esta coyuntura como una forma de consignar una realidad que reclama ser comprendida y atendida. -
Transición Política, Democracia Y Espacio Público En Venezuela (1998-2001)
Cuestiones Políticas No. 28, Junio de 2002, 71-97 lEPDP-Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas - LUZ ISSN 0798 -1406 Transición política, democracia y espacio público en Venezuela (1998-2001) José R. Larez Rubio y Juan E. Romero Jiménez* Resumen Desde el triunfo de Hugo Chávez en las elecciones presidenciales en 1998, se experimenta en Venezuela unproceso de transición política dentro del sistema democrático, caracterizado por el cambio de un escenario determinado porelconsensoconstruido entorno a losgrupos de podereconómico ylosparti dos políticos (AD-COPEI) a otro escenario donde lo político adquiere especial expresión en elcampo de lo público, ampliando de esa forma los límites de de senvolvimiento del ciudadano más allá de lo establecido por los partidos. Como nunca antes en la historia de Venezuela, se experimenta una discusión política expresada como ampliación de "lo público" yqueimplícita una creciente dinámi ca que revaloriza el papel del ciudadano. Estetrabajo analiza la expresión de este fenómeno en la sociedad venezolana. Palabras clave: Democracia, poder, transición, Venezuela, Espacio pú blico, ciudadano. Laboratorio de Investigación Transdisciplinario del Espacio Público (Litep). LaUniver sidad del Zulia-Venezuela. Recibido: 22-01-02» Aceptado: 17-05-02 72 Juan E. Romero Jiménez y José R. Larez Rubio Political Transition, Democracy and Public Space in Venezuela (1998-2001) Abstract Since Hugo Chávez' victory in the presidential elections in 1998, political transition inside the democratic system has been experienced in Venezuela, characterized by the change of a scenario determined by consensus built around economic power groups and political parties (AD-COPEI) to a distinct scenario where political matters acquire special expression in the field of the public mat ters, enlarging in this way the limits of citizen participation beyond that estab- lished by political parties. -
La MUD Finiquita Reglamento Para Escoger Presidente De La an Por Consenso
IMPRESO DIGITAL OVACIÓN TODO EN EME DE ARCHIVO LOGIN REGÍSTRATE Buscar DOMINGO MUJER 09:24 AM 16 DE DICIEMBRE DE 2015 • CARACAS (VENEZUELA) TÚ DECIDES 2015 POLÍTICA ECONOMÍA MUNDO SUCESOS PRESOS POLÍTICOS DEPORTES ESCENAS EN TV SUPLEMENTOS MÁS POLÍTICA La MUD finiquita reglamento para escoger presidente de la AN por consenso AL INSTANTE 09:19 Elton John indignado con los precios de El consenso se daría entre los 14 partidos de la MUD que tendrán representantes dentro del reventa para Hemiciclo sus conciertos La alianza se comprometió a que la directiva sea unitaria. 09:14 Henry Ramos Allup y Julio Borges buscan el apoyo de los partidos ÁLEX VÁSQUEZ S. 16 DE DICIEMBRE 2015 - 12:01 AM Tweet 9 Hoy elegirán a 84 son los votos que se necesitan (mayoría las simple) para designar la directiva de la Asamblea Enviar por mail semifinalistas Nacional. De acuerdo con el artículo 7 del del Miss Reglamento de Interior y Debate de la Asamblea Imprimir Nacional, se requiere que cuando se instale el Universo 2015 Rectificar Parlamento, el 5 de enero, las bancadas 09:12 presenten planchas para todos los cargos a elegir: presidente, primer y segundo vicepresidente, secretario y subsecretario. Como ningún partido de la oposición cuenta con la cantidad de diputados necesaria para imponer una plancha, deben negociar. plancha, deben negociar. Publican En este momento, informan fuentes políticas, la Mesa de la Unidad adelanto de la Democrática finiquita un reglamento para escoger la directiva de la cuarta nueva Asamblea Nacional. Algo está definido: la presidencia temporada de corresponderá a un partido por año, y las distintas fuerzas políticas House of tendrán representación en las vicepresidencias y presidencia de las Cards comisiones. -
Encuesta Nacional Ómnibus Julio-Agosto 2015 Fuente De Íconos: Thenounproject.Com Índice De Contenido
Encuesta Nacional Julio-Agosto Ómnibus 2015 Encuesta Nacional Ómnibus: 999 hogares Error máximo admisible ±3,04% Fecha de campo: del 10 al 23 de julio de 2015 Empresa afiliada a: Fuente de íconos: thenounproject.com Índice de contenido 1. Metodología y contexto 2. Situación país 3. Evaluación de gestión 4. Elecciones parlamentarias 2015 Encuesta Nacional Ómnibus Julio-Agosto 2015 Fuente de íconos: thenounproject.com Índice de contenido 5. Situación económica del país 5.1 Abastecimiento. 5.2. Inflación . 6. Situación política del país 6.1 Política internacional . 6.2 Protestas en el país .6.3 Otros temas . Encuesta Nacional Ómnibus Julio-Agosto 2015 Fuente de íconos: thenounproject.com Índice de contenido 6. Situación política del país 6.4 Sobre unas primarias de Oposición . 6.5 Sobre Maduro y su futuro . 6.6 Autodefinición política e identificación partidista . Encuesta Nacional Ómnibus Julio-Agosto 2015 Fuente de íconos: thenounproject.com 1. Metodología y contexto Fuente de íconos: thenounproject.com Metodología de la investigación ¿Cómo se hizo? Ficha Técnica Personas naturales, de sexo masculino y Universo de estudio femenino, mayores de 18 años y de estratos socioeconómicos A/B, C, D y E Tamaño de la muestra 999 personas Error máximo admisible ±3,04% Nivel de confianza 95% Tipo de muestreo En hogares Polietapico Recolección de la (por género, edad, estrato socioeconómico y información región) Fecha de campo del 10 al 23 de julio de 2015 Encuesta Nacional Ómnibus Julio-Agosto 2015 2. Situación país Fuente de íconos: thenounproject.com -
Venezuela: Issues for Congress, 2013-2016
Venezuela: Issues for Congress, 2013-2016 Mark P. Sullivan Specialist in Latin American Affairs January 23, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43239 Venezuela: Issues for Congress, 2013-2016 Summary Although historically the United States had close relations with Venezuela, a major oil supplier, friction in bilateral relations increased under the leftist, populist government of President Hugo Chávez (1999-2013), who died in 2013 after battling cancer. After Chávez’s death, Venezuela held presidential elections in which acting President Nicolás Maduro narrowly defeated Henrique Capriles of the opposition Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD), with the opposition alleging significant irregularities. In 2014, the Maduro government violently suppressed protests and imprisoned a major opposition figure, Leopoldo López, along with others. In December 2015, the MUD initially won a two-thirds supermajority in National Assembly elections, a major defeat for the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). The Maduro government subsequently thwarted the legislature’s power by preventing three MUD representatives from taking office (denying the opposition a supermajority) and using the Supreme Court to block bills approved by the legislature. For much of 2016, opposition efforts were focused on recalling President Maduro through a national referendum, but the government slowed down the referendum process and suspended it indefinitely in October. After an appeal by Pope Francis, the government and most of the opposition (with the exception of Leopoldo López’s Popular Will party) agreed to talks mediated by the Vatican along with the former presidents of the Dominican Republic, Spain, and Panama and the head of the Union of South American Nations. -
Analyzing Obstacles to Venezuela's Future
CSIS BRIEFS CSIS Analyzing Obstacles to Venezuela’s Future By Moises Rendon, Mark Schneider, & Jaime Vazquez NOVEMBER 2019 THE ISSUE Despite stiff sanctions, diplomatic isolation, and internal civil protests, Nicolas Maduro and his inner circle have resisted the pressures to negotiate an exit. Three internationally-sponsored dialogue processes and two efforts at mediated negotiations within the last five years have failed, with Maduro using the time to intensify his hold on power. Different factors are impeding a transition in Venezuela. This brief investigates challenges and opportunities to help support a transition toward democracy. It describes the possible role of a Track II diplomacy initiative to produce a feasible exit ramp for Maduro—essentially the achievement of significant progress outside of the formal negotiation process. The brief also discusses potential roles for chavistas in today’s struggle and for ‘day after’ challenges, the required elements for a transitional justice process, and the basic conditions necessary for holding free and fair elections to elect a new president. BACKGROUND undiminished support from Russia, China, and Cuba, have Amid numerous blackouts, fuel shortages impacting complicated efforts to achieve a political accord leading to a agriculture and food production, and inflation on pace democratic transition. to reach over 10 million percent by the end of 2019, Venezuela’s humanitarian, economic, and political crisis QUICK FACTS has forced more than 4 million citizens to flee their • According to the United Nations, Venezuela will homeland. That number could surge past 5 million by the have over 5.3 million refugees by the end of 2019. end of 2019. -
A Decade Under Chávez Political Intolerance and Lost Opportunities for Advancing Human Rights in Venezuela
A Decade Under Chávez Political Intolerance and Lost Opportunities for Advancing Human Rights in Venezuela Copyright © 2008 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-371-4 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org September 2008 1-56432-371-4 A Decade Under Chávez Political Intolerance and Lost Opportunities for Advancing Human Rights in Venezuela I. Executive Summary .................................................................................................... 1 Political Discrimination ............................................................................................2 The Courts ...............................................................................................................3 -
China-Venezuela Economic Relations: Hedging Venezuelan Bets with Chinese Characteristics1
Latin American Program | Kissinger Institute | February 2019 Chinese President Xi Jinping, right, shakes hands with Venezuela’s President Nicolás Maduro, Sept. 22, 2013. © Lintao Zhang / AP Photo China-Venezuela Economic Relations: 1 Hedging Venezuelan Bets with Chinese Characteristics LATIN AMERICAN PROGRAM LATIN AMERICAN PROGRAM Stephen B. Kaplan and Michael Penfold KISSINGER INSTITUTE Tens of thousands of Venezuelans raised their hands toward the sky on January 23, 2019, to offer solidarity to legislative leader, Juan Guaidó, who declared himself interim president of LATIN AMERICAN PROGRAM Venezuela during a rally demanding President Nicolás Maduro’s resignation. Refusing to rec- ognize the legitimacy of Maduro’s May 2018 re-election, Guaidó cited his constitutional duty as the head of the National Assembly to fill the presidential vacancy until new elections were called. Hand in hand with Guaidó, the United States unequivocally supported his declaration, recognizing him as Venezuela’s head of state. Backed by Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Co- lombia, Israel, and Peru, President Trump said he would “use the full weight of United States economic and diplomatic power to press for the restoration of Venezuelan democracy.” More recently, Spain, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany also recognized Guaidó as interim president after Maduro failed to call new elections. The United States also backed its position with some economic muscle, imposing sanctions on Venezuela’s state-owned oil company, Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PdVSA), saying that all PdVSA assets, including its oil sale pro- ceeds, will be frozen in U.S. jurisdictions. 1 The authors would like to thank Cindy Arnson and Robert Daly for their insightful commentary about China-Latin American relations, Marcin Jerzewski, Beverly Li, and Giorgos Morakis for their superb research assistance, and Orlando Ochoa, Francisco Monaldi, and Francisco Rodríguez for invaluable conversations about the current state of the Venezuelan economy and oil sector. -
Irregularities in the Venezuelan Elections During
Electoral Irregularities A Typology Based on Venezuela under Chavismo Draft February 6, 2018 Javier Corrales1 Department of Political Science Amherst College [email protected] This is a draft document. Please help improve this document by reporting any errors and omissions to [email protected]. 1 I am grateful to Alejandro Sucre, Federico Sucre, and Franz von Bergen for their research assistance. 1 Electoral Irregularities: A Typology based on Venezuela under Chavismo Venezuela’s Chavista period (1999-present) has often been praised for its frequent electoral activity. But it has also been characterized by two, less praiseworthy features: irregularities and biased electoral reforms. These features have worsened over time. To date, the total number of irregularities is 117. From the very beginning, almost every electoral process has featured at least one major irregularity or system biases in favor of the incumbent party. These irregularities consist of practices, rules, and even laws that depart from either the spirit or the letter of the Constitution or from international standards for conducting “free and fair” elections. This paper provides a typology of electoral irregularities in Venezuela in the Chavista era, 1999-present. The full list appears in the Appendix. Irregularities are classified according to three characteristics: timing, type, and effect. Regarding timing, the evidence shows that electoral irregularities occurred since the start of the Chavista era (referendum on whether to conduct a constituent assembly, 1999) and expanded over overtime during the entire Hugo Chávez administration (1999-2013). They have become ubiquitous now under Nicolás Maduro (2013- present). Regarding type, each irregularity is classified according to the following categories: 1. -
Venezuela After Chavez
Edited by Veronica Zubillaga George Ciccariello-Maher Rebecca Hanson Boris Muñoz Robert Samet Naomi Schiller David Smilde Alejandro Velasco Veronica Zubillaga April 30th, 2014 1 Introduction Venezuela after Chávez: Challenges of Democracy, Security and Governance April 30, 2014 Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies Watson Institute for International Studies Brown University The death of President Hugo Chávez on March 2013 has raised pressing questions about the future of Venezuela and the continuity of Chávez’s Bolivarian project. Nicolás Maduro, Chávez’s hand-picked successor, won elections in April 2013 with a very narrow electoral victory that aroused serious suspicion of fraud amidst the opposition and intense tensions among Venezuelans. Nine months later, in February 2014, Venezuelans experienced a burst of massive students protests in different states, which immediately spread to middle-classes neighborhoods of the emboldened opposition. While we were organizing the Venezuela conference at Brown, in Caracas some middle-class neighborhoods were taken and blocked by “vecinos” (neighbors); students kept taking to the streets protesting while excessively repressive and militarized police responses reheated the students’ rage. The protest’s focused on a vast range of claims: from freedom of speech, citizen security, food shortages; inflation; freedom for those imprisoned for political motives since the beginning of the protests; government repression, up to Maduro’s immediate resignation. The landscape resembled a war zone in one part of the city yet was amazingly calm in other parts. Social polarization was evident and finding out the reasons why people in barrios were not protesting is one of the questions posed here. -
Venebarometro-Diciembre-2017
UN PRODUCTO 4/12/17 1 DICIEMBRE 2017 DICIEMBRE 2017 FICHA TÉCNICA COBERTURA Urbana-Rural de todo el País Población mayor de 18 años, de ambos sexos y UNIVERSO todos los estratos socioeconómicos TAMAÑO DE LA MUESTRA 1.200 entrevistas SELECCIÓN DE LOS ENTREVISTADOS En hogares DISEÑO MUESTRAL Polietápico estratificado ERROR MÁXIMO ADMISIBLE +/- 2,37% para un nivel de confianza de 90% TRABAJO DE CAMPO Del 27 de Octubre al 15 de Noviembre de 2017 PROVEEDOR DEL TRABAJO DE Instituto Venezolano de Análisis de Datos (IVAD) CAMPO 4/12/17 2 DICIEMBRE 2017 2 SITUACIÓN DEL PAÍS 4/12/17 3 DICIEMBRE 2017 3 SITUACIÓN DEL PAÍS ¿CÓMO CONSIDERA USTED LA SITUACIÓN EN GENERAL DEL PAÍS, HOY EN DÍA, ES DECIR, DIRÍA USTED QUE ES MUY BUENA, BUENA, REGULAR HACIA BUENA, REGULAR HACIA MALA, MALA O MUY MALA? BASE 1.200 60% 75,3 % NEGATIVA 50.5% 50% 24,5 % POSITIVA 40% 30% 20% 15.6% 17.0% 8.3% 7.8% 10% 0.6% 0.3% 0% MUY BUENA BUENA REGULAR HACIA REGULAR HACIA MALA MUY MALA NS / NR BUENA MALA OFICIALISMO OPOSICIÓN DE NINGUNO A/B C D OCCIDENTE ANDES LLANOS CENTRAL ORIENTE BASE 399 533 243 128 663 409 290 110 110 460 230 POSITIVA 67.4% 1.7% 5.3% 31.2% 22.3% 25.9% 30.7% 8.2% 23.6% 27.4% 19.1% NEGATIVA 32.1% 98.3% 94.7% 68.8% 77.4% 73.8% 69.3% 91.8% 76.4% 72% 80.9% 4/12/17 4 DICIEMBRE 2017 4 SITUACIÓN DEL PAÍS (EVOLUCIÓN) ¿CÓMO CONSIDERA USTED LA SITUACIÓN EN GENERAL DEL PAÍS, HOY EN DÍA, ES DECIR, DIRÍA USTED QUE ES MUY BUENA, BUENA, REGULAR HACIA BUENA, REGULAR HACIA MALA, MALA O MUY MALA? n= 1.500 n= 1.500 100% 92.9%91.9% 89.3% 90.2% 88.3% 87.4% 88.0% 90% 84.1% 83.3% -
Venezuela & Ecuador This Week
VENEZUELA & ECUADOR THIS WEEK Member FINRA/SIPC Monday, February 26, 2018 Maduro’s approval rises to two-year high President Maduro’s approval rating increased government. In fact, the drop has been most to 26.1% in the February Datanálisis survey, a 4.4 precipitous in the approval of the opposition coalition percentage point increase from the last reading in organization, the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD). November 2017 of 21.7%. This is the highest reading in The percentage of respondents that have a positive this series in nearly two years (it stood at 26.8% in view of the MUD has declined from by 28.0 ppt since March of 2016). Maduro’s approval rating has risen by October 2016, from 59.7% to 31.7%. In the meantime, 8.7 percentage points from its low in July of 2017. The support for the governing PSUV party actually rose by survey of 1,000 respondents was conducted through 5.5ppt from November and now stands at 26.2%. The direct interviews between February 01 and 14 of 2018 gap between the support of these two organizations, and has a margin of error of ±3.04%. also of 5.5 points, stands at its lowest level since October 2013. Maduro remains highly unpopular, and the survey indicates that a majority of Venezuelans do not want It is possible that the strengthening of Maduro’s him to remain in the presidency. But the survey also approval may be nothing more than the reflection that shows a sustained decline in the approval rating of all he has emerged stronger from last year’s political opposition leaders, with the result that Maduro’s conflicts.