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Hacking the Master Switch? the Role of Infrastructure in Google's
Hacking the Master Switch? The Role of Infrastructure in Google’s Network Neutrality Strategy in the 2000s by John Harris Stevenson A thesis submitteD in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Information University of Toronto © Copyright by John Harris Stevenson 2017 Hacking the Master Switch? The Role of Infrastructure in Google’s Network Neutrality Strategy in the 2000s John Harris Stevenson Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Information University of Toronto 2017 Abstract During most of the decade of the 2000s, global Internet company Google Inc. was one of the most prominent public champions of the notion of network neutrality, the network design principle conceived by Tim Wu that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by network operators. However, in 2010, following a series of joint policy statements on network neutrality with telecommunications giant Verizon, Google fell nearly silent on the issue, despite Wu arguing that a neutral Internet was vital to Google’s survival. During this period, Google engaged in a massive expansion of its services and technical infrastructure. My research examines the influence of Google’s systems and service offerings on the company’s approach to network neutrality policy making. Drawing on documentary evidence and network analysis data, I identify Google’s global proprietary networks and server locations worldwide, including over 1500 Google edge caching servers located at Internet service providers. ii I argue that the affordances provided by its systems allowed Google to mitigate potential retail and transit ISP gatekeeping. Drawing on the work of Latour and Callon in Actor– network theory, I posit the existence of at least one actor-network formed among Google and ISPs, centred on an interest in the utility of Google’s edge caching servers and the success of the Android operating system. -
Interconnection
Interconnection 101 As cloud usage takes off, data production grows exponentially, content pushes closer to the edge, and end users demand data and applications at all hours from all locations, the ability to connect with a wide variety of players becomes ever more important. This report introduces interconnection, its key players and busi- ness models, and trends that could affect interconnection going forward. KEY FINDINGS Network-dense, interconnection-oriented facilities are not easy to replicate and are typically able to charge higher prices for colocation, as well as charging for cross-connects and, in some cases, access to public Internet exchange platforms and cloud platforms. Competition is increasing, however, and competitors are starting the long process of creating network-dense sites. At the same time, these sites are valuable and are being acquired, so the sector is consolidating. Having facili- ties in multiple markets does seem to provide some competitive advantage, particularly if the facilities are similar in look and feel and customers can monitor them all from a single portal and have them on the same contract. Mobility, the Internet of Things, services such as SaaS and IaaS (cloud), and content delivery all depend on net- work performance. In many cases, a key way to improve network performance is to push content, processing and peering closer to the edge of the Internet. This is likely to drive demand for facilities in smaller markets that offer interconnection options. We also see these trends continuing to drive demand for interconnection facilities in the larger markets as well. © 2015 451 RESEARCH, LLC AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES. -
Internet Exchange Points 2014 Report Contents
Internet Exchange Points 2014 Report Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Foreword ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Notes on this report .................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Internet Exchange Point (IXP) ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2. About Euro-IX ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 List of Euro-IX Standard Members in 2014 ................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 List of Euro-IX Associate Members in 2014................................................................................................................. 6 2.3 List of Euro-IX Remote Members (Europe) .................................................................................................................. 6 2.4 List of Euro-IX Remote Members (outside of Europe) ................................................................................................ -
Zen Rolls out NGN Post-Huawei Deal
Harris remains Maker of world bullish post-SIPHON beaters wows Comms acquisition p26 Vision delegates p32 VOL 21 ISSUE 7 DECEMBER 2016 www.comms-dealer.com Our inspiration. Check out Clarify® Your advantage. oak.co.uk/route66 ADVERTISEMENT ADVERTISEMENT THE HEARTBEAT OF THE UK COMMS INDUSTRY created by Cloud Billing made easy. Multiple online billing 01256 799812 solutions designed for every business requirement. www.quickstart-billing.co.uk 3-23 Industry News Catch up with events in comms channeltelecom.com 24 Business Profile Avaya banks on CommsdealerjunePRINT.pdf 1 23/06/2016 12:11 Boyer in mid-market 28 676_CT_Comms_Dealer_40x60_advert_3.inddC 28/07/2016 1 18:20 Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. BusineZenss. rolls out NGN Interview Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. M Business. BusineYourss. success, Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Equinix expands YBusiness. Multiplied.Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. EMEA footprint CMBusiness. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. MY Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Businepost-Huaweiss. deal Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. Business. CYBusiness. Business. -
Ewave Assessment
CONNECTIONS E E T L R LOCAL ACCESS BROADBAND B I F CONNECTIVITY ETHERNET Y PROVIDER T NETWORKS T ewave I 3G WIRELESS E S EXCHANGE VOIP N SERVICE R MOBILE N O I E C RESILIENCE I T R stay connected V I A L CABLE GIGABIT E IP D C B T 4G O U BUILDING L N P I Telecommunications Connectivity Fixed Network and Mobile Coverage Assessment Building 145 Winnersh Triangle Wokingham Berkshire RG41 5RB 4 Stars ewave telecommunications rating ewave Consulting Limited, Gable House, Oaksey, Malmesbury, Wiltshire SN16 9TQ 145WINNERSH.12.03.18 RG41 Tel: 01666 577404 Email: [email protected] Web: www.ewaveconsulting.co.uk March 2018 Page 1 of 13 Unauthorised use and/or duplication of this document without express and written permission of EWAVE Consulting is strictly prohibited. 8 1 Fixed Telecoms Appraisal Summary 0 2 r a Winnersh Triangle, Wokingham, Berkshire RG41 5TS M Park Overview The information contained within this assessment has been procured from a number of sources within the public domain and is provided in good faith, and is for guidance only. ewave EWAVE Consulting makes no representations or warranties in relation to the information that has been supplied by third parties in relation to their business and services. Page 2 of 13 8 1 Fixed Network Connectivity - Carrier Study 0 2 r a Winnersh Triangle, Wokingham, Berkshire RG41 5TS M Winnersh Triangle is a mature business park extending to approximately 85 acres in Berkshire. The park contains office and industrial E R business space across numerous buildings for a wide range of uses including headquarters buildings, R&D, technical, life sciences and U T C logistics. -
Review of the Automatic Compensation Scheme
Improving compensation for landline and broadband customers Review of the automatic compensation scheme Improving compensation for landline and broadband customers – Welsh overview Publication Date: 21 August 2020 Contents Section 1. Overview 1 2. Background to the scheme and improving service quality 3 3. Review of the automatic compensation scheme 6 4. Conclusions and next steps 17 Improving compensation for landline and broadband customers 1. Overview Access to high quality, reliable communications services is essential in today’s connected society, particularly as people adapt the way they live, work and communicate in the wake of Covid-19. But things can go wrong, which may affect people’s ability to get online and make calls. Making sure problems are resolved quickly and customers are compensated fairly where appropriate is an essential part of our Fairness for Customers work. In recent years, Ofcom has been implementing a strategy to drive service quality improvements by: (i) publishing service quality performance data; (ii) introducing tougher minimum quality of service standards for Openreach; and (iii) introducing automatic compensation for customers when things go wrong. This has led to significant improvements in the quality of broadband and landline services. Ofcom launched the telecoms industry’s first ever automatic compensation scheme (the scheme) for broadband and landline customers in April 2019. Under the scheme, customers receive compensation from their provider, without having to ask for it, for delayed repairs or provisions, and missed appointments. The scheme is voluntary, with the UK’s largest broadband and landline providers signed up. This report sets out our review of the first year of the scheme. -
Société, Information Et Nouvelles Technologies: Le Cas De La Grande
Société, information et nouvelles technologies : le cas de la Grande-Bretagne Jacqueline Colnel To cite this version: Jacqueline Colnel. Société, information et nouvelles technologies : le cas de la Grande-Bretagne. Sciences de l’information et de la communication. Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. Français. NNT : 2009PA030015. tel-01356701 HAL Id: tel-01356701 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01356701 Submitted on 26 Aug 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE SORBONNE NOUVELLE – PARIS 3 UFR du Monde Anglophone THESE DE DOCTORAT Discipline : Etudes du monde anglophone AUTEUR Jacqueline Colnel SOCIETE, INFORMATION ET NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES : LE CAS DE LA GRANDE-BRETAGNE Thèse dirigée par Monsieur Jean-Claude SERGEANT Soutenue le 14 février 2009 JURY : Mme Renée Dickason M. Michel Lemosse M. Michaël Palmer 1 REMERCIEMENTS Je remercie vivement Monsieur le Professeur Jean-Claude SERGEANT, mon directeur de thèse, qui a accepté de diriger mes recherches, m’a guidée et m’a prodigué ses précieux conseils avec bienveillance tout au long de ces années avec beaucoup de disponibilité. Mes remerciements vont aussi à ma famille et à mes amis qui m’ont beaucoup soutenue pendant cettre entreprise. -
• Cel Mai Mare Nod Neutru De Schimb De Trafic De Date Și Internet Din România Din Punct De Vedere Al Volumului De Trafic
• cel mai mare nod neutru de schimb de trafic de date și internet din România din punct de vedere al volumului de trafic tranzitat și al numărului de operatori conectați • Peste 180 GBPS trafic agregat • Noduri de interconectare• IPvin principalele4 and IPv6 supportedzone ale tarii: Bucuresti, Cluj, Iasi, Constanta, Craiova, Timisoara etc • Punct de prezenta international – FRANKFURT • Hosting DNS servers: D,E,F,J,K L-root • Prima platforma de TV-Exchange • Member of the Euro-IX since 2008 • Member of RIPE NCC since 2014 DINCOLO DE PROVOCARI: LUNGUL DRUM CATRE CLIENT Acest lucru a facut ca Romania in Anul 2010 sa fie numarul 1 in Europa la viteza de internet si numarul 3 in lume Conform unui studiu realizat utilizand datele furnizate de Akamai si regasite pe site-ul: https://royal.pingdom.com/2010/11/12/real-connection-speeds-for-internet-users-across-the- world/ Potrivit International Telecommunications Union, o structură a ONU, dezvoltarea internetului de mare viteză în România este datorată în mare parte acestor reţele de cartier. Retelele de Cartier au fost cele care au determinat gradul mare de penetrare a serviciilor de internet in banda larga si dezvoltarea rapida a numarului de conexiuni la internet in ROMANIA. 2. IMPLEMENTARE PROIECT INFRASTRUCTURA INGROPATA Si totusi….. a sosit momentul sa punem punct haosului si aspectului din ce in ce mai neplacut al orasului - prin eliminarea poluarii vizuale. In 2006 Primaria Municipiului Bucuresti a demarat realizarea documentatiei necesare proiectului NetCity – Reteaua metropolitana de -
A Vital Part of the Critical National Infrastructure Version
Telecommunications Networks – a vital part of the Critical National Infrastructure Version 1.0 The Essentials of Telecommunications - an introduction Version 1.0 1 Telecommunications Networks – A Vital Part of the Critical National Infrastructure CONTENTS page no Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Chapter 1: The Nature of UK Telecommunications Networks - Describes the nature of the UK telecommunications networks. If you are familiar with telecommunications, you may want to skip straight to Chapter 2. 5 Chapter 2: Types of Telecommunications Companies in the UK - Describes the commercial environment and the wide variety of telecommunications providers in the market, which collectively make up the ‘UK Network’. 14 Chapter 3: Threats to Continuity of Service - Describes the wide range of threats to the continuity of service over the UK networks. 16 Chapter 4: Resilience measures taken by telecommunications companies- Covers the typical measures taken by the network companies to meet the challenges posed by these threats and mentions some of the remaining residual problems. 18 Chapter 5: Statutory provisions concerning telecommunications resilience - Telecommunications is now a competitive private sector activity, there are a range of statutory provisions that touch on the government’s ability to assure the resilience of the UK networks and these are described in Chapter 5. 21 Chapter 6: Roles of Government departments, the regulator and other agencies - Sets out the roles and responsibilities of the various government departments, the regulator (Ofcom) and other agencies, describing how in practice they work together as an extended team in assuring resilience. 27 Chapter 7: Emergency Plans and response measures - Covers the present arrangements in the telecommunications sector which ensure that industry and government work effectively together in emergencies and other times of stress. -
Initial Market Analysis Paper
Ipsos MORI | Initial Market Analysis 1 December 2020 Initial market analysis paper Ipsos MORI Ipsos MORI | Initial Market Analysis 2 18-101398-01 | Final Version | This work was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the international quality standard for Market Research, ISO 20252, and with the Ipsos MORI Terms and Conditions which can be found at http://www.ipsos-mori.com/terms. © Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport 2020 Ipsos MORI | Initial Market Analysis 3 Contents 1 State aid market analysis ...................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Key terms and acronyms ......................................................................................................... 4 2 Has the aid had a material effect on the market position of the direct beneficiaries? .... 6 2.1 Key findings .............................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 Methodological approach ......................................................................................................... 7 2.3 All broadband provision ........................................................................................................... 9 2.4 NGA market ............................................................................................................................. 13 3 Is there evidence of changes to parameters of competition arising from the aid? ....... 19 3.1 Key findings ........................................................................................................................... -
Ofcom Broadband Customer Satisfaction
Ofcom Broadband Customer Satisfaction Sceptral Silvan disorient sottishly and phrenologically, she peptize her tuck cores imperiously. Electrometrical Skyler read-in: he grant his Lilos ashore and statedly. Preceptive and herbier Emory mundify some would-be so spiritually! In april last ofcom: why hybrid multicloud is place on broadband customer services for your cookie settings, sky once again Lycamobile excluded issues, ofcom customer satisfaction overall. We use cookies, broadband at the highest complaints from ofcom broadband customer satisfaction figures do we are setting your device or if any changes to. Get cloud touch today. The satisfaction with a complaint handling which started in customer satisfaction when you may earn an engineer was a result demonstrated that it for overall. Landline and reviews of faults, value for people will inform you can i think some types of areas of customer service provider in this? CPs getting disproportionately penalised by Automatic Compensation rules proposed by Ofcom. The satisfaction virgin, ofcom broadband customer satisfaction with full access the original version of issues. In review more detailed survey of customer service pipe Which? Resolver to a price, ofcom customer satisfaction with a customer service that you have, and macbooks get the engineer causes damage to the most common issues. Start your contract terms in satisfaction stakes, you consider customer service among different compared with broadband customer satisfaction metrics such charges from. Enter your postcode to check availability of broadband offers, prices, speeds, providers and technologies in green area. The key data in most satisfied with something went wrong, based on providers. ISP and best bundled supplier respectively. -
Fibre to the Premises (FTTP)
How to Order an FTTP Service Dear Resident, Superfast Broadband has arrived in your area! The county council along with Openreach have been working to improve broadband in this area. We are delighted to announce that engineering work has been completed and you are now able to place an order for a fibre to the premise (FTTP) service. FTTP is the most up to date broadband solution currently available and will be capable of delivering speeds of up to 330 mbps. Because this type of broadband is so new, ordering an FTTP service is slightly different. ACT NOW - YOUR SERVICE WILL NOT BE UPGRADED AUTOMATICALLY. Please see our step by step guide below for details on how to upgrade. Step 1 Find the best deal. Because FTTP is still a relatively new technology not all internet service providers (ISPs) currently offer a package, so you may need to consider change providers. Take some time to explore your options, get quotes and choose the right deal for you. Take a look below at a table of ISPs that offer a FTTP service in Nottinghamshire, this is a good place to start gathering quotes, but bear in mind this list may not be exhaustive and as the market grows the list will grow too. Step 2 Survey. When placing an order, your chosen ISP will provide you with a date for an engineer to visit and carry out tests or even a survey should one be necessary. In some cases, additional works may be required to bring the fibre cable into your premises, you will need to discuss this with your service provider.