American Architecture, 1860-1940 Spring 2010 Professor Longstreth

HIGH VICTORIAN ARCHITECTURE

* State, War and Navy Building, Washington, D.C., Alfred Mullett, 1871-88

Post Office/Custom House, St. Louis, Mullett, 1872-84

* City Hall, Philadelphia, John McArthur, Jr., 1871-1901

City Hall, Baltimore, George Frederick, 1867-75

City Hall, Providence, Samuel F. J. Thayer, 1874-78

City Hall, Richmond, Va., Elijah Myers, 1887-94

Parke County Courthouse, Rockville, Ind., Thomas Tolan & Son, 1879-81

Van Wert County Courthouse, Van Wert, Ohio, Tolan, 1874-76

Morgan County Courthouse, Jacksonville, Ill., Gordon Randall, 1863-69

Parker County Courthouse, Weatherford, Texas, W. C. Dodson & W. W. Dudley, 1884-86

City and County Hall, Buffalo, N.Y., Andrew J. Warner, 1871-76

Houghton County Courthouse, Houghton, Mich., J. B. Sweatt, 1886-87

Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., Renwick, Achmuty & Sands, 1861-64

University Hall, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, John Van Osdel, 1873-76

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Thomas W. Richards, 1870-74, two of four original buildings demolished

Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., Wilcox & Porter, 1866, and Archimedes Russell, 1868-70

University of Kansas, Lawrence, John G. Haskell, 1870-1872; demolished

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* Memorial Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Ware & Van Brunt, competition 1865, constructed 1874-78

Adams Academy, Quincy, Mass., Ware & Van Brunt, 1869

Episcopal Theological Seminary, Cambridge, Ware & Van Brunt, 1873-80

St. Stephen's Church, Lynn, Mass., Ware & Van Brunt, 1881-82

South Congregational Church, Springfield, Mass., William A. Potter, 1872-75

Berkshire Athenaeum, Pittsfield, Mass., William A. Potter, 1874-76

Stuart Hall, Princeton Theological Seminary, Princeton, Potter & Robertson, 1875-77

Chancellor Greene Library, Princeton University, Princeton, Potter, 1873

* Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Furness & Hewitt, 1871-76

Baltimore & Ohio Passenger Station, Philadelphia, Furness, Evans & Co., 1887-88; burned

* Provident Life and Trust Company, Philadelphia, Frank Furness, 1876-79; demolished

* Trinity Church, Boston, Gambrill & Richardson, 1872-77: west towers removed 1886; new west towers and porch Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, 1894-97

* Thomas Crane Public Library, Quincy, Mass., Henry Hobson Richardson, 1880-82; later adds.

Sever Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Richardson, 1878-80

Emmanuel Church, Pittsburgh, Richardson, 1883-86

* Allegheny County Buildings, Pittsburgh, Richardson, 1883-88

Ames Monument, nr. Sherman, Wyo., Richardson, 1879-82

2 INNOVATIONS IN RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

* Griswold house, Newport, Richard Morris Hunt, ca. 1861-63

Cushman house, Newport, Hunt, 1871-72; demolished

Marquand house, Newport, Hunt, 1872-73; burned

Appleton house, Newport, Hunt, 1870-71; demolished

Cram-Sturtevant house, Middletown, R.I., Dudley Newton, 1875-76; altered

* Watts Sherman house, Newport, Richardson, 1874-76; later adds.

* Casino, Newport, McKim, Mead & White, 1879-80

Kingscote, Newport, dining room and other adds., McKim, Mead & White, 1880-81

* Bell house, Newport, McKim, Mead & White, 1881-83

Low house, Bristol, R.I., McKim, Mead & White, 1886-87; demolished

Appleton house, Lenox, Mass., McKim, Mead & White, 1883-85; demolished

Edgar house, Newport, McKim, Mead & White, 1884-86

* H.A.C. Taylor house, Newport, McKim, Mead & White, 1882, 1885-86; demolished

TALL COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

Honore Block, Chicago, 1860s

John Shillito department store, Cincinnati, 1876, altered

First Leiter Building, Chicago, William LeBaron Jenney, 1879; demolished

Home Insurance Building, Chicago, Jenney, 1884-85; demolished

Project for a 27-story office tower, Leroy Buffington, 1888

3 Tacoma Building, Chicago, Holabird & Roche, 1887-89; demolished

Mitchell Building, Milwaukee, Edward Townsend Mix, 1876-78

Equitable Building, New York, George Post, 1868-71; demolished

Western Union Building, New York, Post, 1873-75; demolished

* Tribune Building, New York, Richard Morris Hunt, 1873-76; demolished

Marine National Bank, New York, Post, ca. 1871; project

Union Trust Building, New York, Post 1889-90; demolished

World Building, New York, Post, 1889-90; demolished

Montauk Building, Chicago, Burnham & Root, 1881-82; demolished

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Building, Chicago, Burnham & Root, 1882-83; demolished

Cheney Block, Hartford, Conn. H. H. Richardson, 1875-76

Ames Building, Boston, Richardson, 1882-83; demolished

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Building, Topeka, Kan., Burnham & Root, 1883-84; demolished

McCormick Harvesting Machine Co. offices and warehouse, Chicago, Burnham & Root, 1884-86; demolished

* The Rookery, Chicago, Burnham & Root, 1885-88

* Auditorium Building, Chicago, Adler & Sullivan, 1886-90

* Marshall Field Wholesale Store, Chicago, Richardson, 1885-87; demolished

* Wainwright Building, St. Louis, Adler & Sullivan, 1890-91; altered

* Schlessinger & Mayer/Carson, Pirie, Scott & Company department store, Chicago, Louis Sullivan, 1898-99, 1902-03

* Reliance Building, Chicago, Burnham & Root/D.H. Burnham & Co., 1889-91; 1894-95

4 Marquette Building, Chicago, Holabird & Roche, 1893-94

People's Gas Company Building, Chicago, Burnham, 1910

Fuller (Flatiron) Building, New York, Burnham, 1903

Frick Building, Pittsburgh, Burnham, 1901

* John Wanamaker department store, Philadelphia, Burnham, 1902-12

Marshall Field & Company department store, Chicago, Burnham, 1902-14

Plaza Hotel, New York, Henry J. Hardenbergh, 1905-07

Willard Hotel, Washington, D.C., Hardenbergh, 1900-01

Palace Hotel, San Francisco, George Kelham, 1908-09

Bush terminal, Brooklyn, N.Y., begun 1895

ACADEMIC ECLECTICISM

* World Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1891-93, Daniel Burnham, superintendent of construction; demolished

* Senate Park Commission (McMillan) Plan, Washington, D.C., Daniel Burnham, Charles McKim, and Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., 1901-02; implemented with numerous modifications through mid-20c

* Plan for Chicago, Daniel Burnham and Edward Bennett, 1906-09

Civic Center, San Francisco, master plan 1913, John Galen Howard, Frederick Meyer and John Reid, Jr., modified in execution over following two decades; City Hall, Bakewell & Brown, 1912-15

Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Jacques Greber, 1917-19

Park and boulevard system for Kansas City, Mo., George Kessler, begun 1893

* Public Library, Boston, McKim, Mead & White, 1887-95; later adds.

5 Public Library, Detroit, Cass Gilbert, 1915-21; later adds.

Public Library, Springfield, Mass., Edward Tilton, 1907-12

Widener Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., Horace Trumbauer, 1912-13

Doe Library, University of California, Berkeley, John Galen Howard, 1911-18

Phoebe Apperson Hearst Architectural Plan for the University of California; competition 1897-99, Emile Benard architect of winning design; John Galen Howard placed in charge of implementing plan for first decades of 20c

United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Ernest Flagg, master plan 1899

Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Parker, Thomas & Rice, master plan, ca. 1903

Occidental College, Los Angeles, Myron Hunt, 1911-13

* Graduate College, Princeton University, Cram, Goodhue & Fergusson, 1911-13

Holder Hall and Dining Halls, Princeton University, Princeton, Day & Klauder, 1915-16

University of Colorado, Boulder, Charles Klauder, master plan 1919, buildings constructed between 1921-39

* Pennsylvania Station, New York, McKim, Mead & White, 1902-11; demolished

* Grand Central Terminal, New York, Warren & Whetmore and Reed & Stem, 1903-13

Alger house, Grosse Point, Mich., Charles Adams Platt, 1908-10

Timberline, Smith house, nr. Bryn Mawr, Pa., Platt, ca. 1910; demolished

Dingleton House, Cornish, N.H., Platt, 1904-05

Croly house, Cornish, Platt, 1897

Platt house, Cornish, Platt, 1890-12

6 ARCHITECTURE OF THE ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT

Clarke house, Lenox, Mass., Wilson Eyre, ca. 1904

Turner house, Philadelphia, Eyre, 1907

Ladd house, Haverford, Penna., Eyre, 1905

Townsend house, Radnor, Penna., Eyre, 1914

Stephens house and studio, Rose Valley, Penna., William Price, 1904

Blenheim Hotel, Atlantic City, Price & McLanahan, 1905-06; demolished

Traymore Hotel, Atlantic City, Price & McLanahan, 1906, 1914-15; demolished

Fonthill, Mercer house, Doylestown, Penna., Henry Chapman Mercer, 1908-12

Moravian Tile Works, Doylestown, Mercer, 1910-12

Mercer Museum, Doylestown, Mercer, 1914-16

Mission Inn, Riverside, Cal., Arthur Benton, 1902, 1910, later adds.

Southern Pacific Railroad station, Burlingame, Cal., Mathiesen & Howard, 1894

Alvarado Hotel, Albuquerque, Charles Whittlesey, 1901; demolished

Birkhead house, Portsmouth, R.I., Irving Gill, 1902

Bailey house, La Jolla, Cal. Gill, 1907

* Woman's Club, La Jolla, Gill, 1912-14

Lewis Courts, Sierra Madre, Cal., Gill, 1910; altered

* Dodge house, Los Angeles, Gill, 1914-16; demolished

Lawson house, Berkeley Cal., Bernard Maybeck, 1907

Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco, Maybeck, 1913-15; reconstructed 1962-67

7 * First Church of Christ, Scientist, Berkeley, Maybeck, 1910-11

Roos house, San Francisco, Maybeck, 1909-10

Chick house, Berkeley, Maybeck, 1914

Bandini house, Los Angeles, Greene & Greene, 1903; demolished

* Gamble house, Pasadena, Cal., Greene & Greene, 1907-09

Irwin house, Pasadena, Greene & Greene, 1906-07

* Craftsman Farms, Gustav Stickley house, Morris County, N.J., 1905

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT AND THE PRIAIRE SCHOOL

(First) Hillside Home School, nr. Spring Green, Wis., Frank Lloyd Wright, 1887; demolished

Public Library, Milwaukee, Wis., Wright, 1893; competition entry

Charnley house, Chicago, Adler & Sullivan, 1891-92

Blossom house, Chicago, Wright, 1892

* Winslow house, River Forest, Ill., Wright, 1893-94

* Willits house, Highland Park, Ill., Wright, 1902-03

* Martin house, Buffalo, Wright, 1903-04

May house, Grand Rapids, Mich., 1908-09

Gale house, Oak Park, Wright, 1909

Dana house, Springfield, Ill., Wright, 1902-04

* Robie house, Chicago, Wright, 1906-09

* Unity Temple, Oak Park, Wright, 1905-08

8 * Larkin Company Administration Building, Buffalo, Wright, 1902-06; demolished

Carter house, Evanston, Ill., Walter Burley Griffin, 1909-10

Mueller house, Decatur, Ill., Marion Mahoney, 1912

Bylthe house, Mason City, Iowa, Griffin and Mahoney, 1913-14

Melson house, Mason City, Griffin and Mahoney, 1912-14

Bradley house, Madison, Wis., Purcell & Elmslie, 1914-15

Bradley house, Woods Hole, Mass., Purcell & Elmslie, 1911-12

National Farmers Bank, Owatonna, Minn., Louis Sullivan, 1907-08

Merchants Bank of Winona, Winona, Minn, Purcell & Elmslie, 1911-12

Woodbury County Courthouse, Sioux City, Iowa, 1915-17

J. R. Watkins Medical Company Building, Winona, George W. Maher, 1911-13

Winona Savings Bank, Winona, Maher, 1914

Erwin house, Oak Park, Maher, 1905

Corrigan house, Kansas City, Louis Curtiss, 1912-13

Boley Building, Kansas City, Curtiss, 1908-09; altered

Union Station, Wichita, Kan., Curtiss, 1910-12

Union Station, Joplin, Mo., Curtiss, 1910-11; gutted

Mackey house, Palmyra, Mo., Ernest Wood 1916

McCormick house, Santurce, P.R., Antonin Nechodoma, ca. 1916

Blondel houses, Oak Park, J. D. Van Bergen, 1913

9 ECLECTICISM IN THE 1920S AND 1930S

Panama-California Exposition, San Diego, Bertram Goodhue, 1914-15

Hollyhock House, Los Angeles, Frank Lloyd Wright, 1918-21

Ennis house, Los Angeles, Wright, 1924-25

Millard house, Pasadena, Cal. Wright, 1923-24

* Newbold house, Montgomery County, Pa., Mellor, Meigs & Howe, begun 1919; demolished

Steedman house, Montecito, Cal., George Washington Smith, 1925

Smith house, #2, Montecito, Smith, 1920

Fine Arts Museum, Santa Fe, Rapp, Rapp, & Hendrickson, 1916-17

La Fonda Hotel, Santa Fe, Rapp, Rapp & Hendrickson, 1920-21; additions, John Gaw Meem, 1927-28

Fox Theatre, Detroit, C. Howard Crane, 1927-28

* Uptown Theatre, Chicago, Rapp & Rapp, 1924-25

Ohio Theatre, Columbus, Thomas W. Lamb, 1927-28

Majestic Theatre, San Antonio, John W. Eberson, 1928-29

* Country Club Plaza, Kansas City, Edward Buehler Delk and Edward W. Tanner, begun 1922-23

Shaker Square, Cleveland, Small & Rowley, 1928-29

Palmer Square, Princeton, Thomas Stapleton, 1936-39

Merchants Square, Williamsburg, Perry, Shaw & Hepburn, 1929-32

10 MODERNISMS IN THE 1920s AND 1930s

* Tribune Tower, Chicago, Competition 1922; winning design, Howells & Hood, 1922-25; 2nd place, Eliel Saarinen

Irving Trust Building, New York, Voorhees, Gmelin & Walker, 1930-32

Richfield Building, Los Angeles, Morgan, Walls & Clements, 1928-30; demolished

* Rockefeller Center, New York, Associated Architects (Reinhard & Hofmeister, Harvey Corbett, and Hood & Fouilloux), 1927-35

Continental Building, St. Louis, William B. Ittner, 1928-30

Suburban Square, Ardmore, Pa., Dreher & Churchman, begun 1929

* Bullock's Wilshire department store, Los Angeles, John and Donald Parkinson, 1928-29

Sears, Roebuck Co. department store and wholesale distribution center, Minneapolis, Nimmons & Fellows, 1927-28

* Hecht Company service building, Washington, Abbott, Merkt & Co., 1936-37

Model Tobacco Company offices and factory, Richmond, Va., Schmidt, Garden & Erickson, 1938-40

Coca-Cola Company bottling plant, Los Angeles, Robert Derrah, 1936-37

Park and Shop, Washington, Arthur Heaton, 1930

Silver Spring Shopping Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, John W. Eberson, 1937-38

Ralphs supermarket, Los Angeles, Stiles Clements, 1939-40; demolished

Fontana Dam, Cherokee County, N.C., Tennessee Valley Authority, 1942-45

Hiawassee Dam, Cherokee County, N.C., Bureau of Land Reclamation and Roland Wank, 1936-40

* Norris Dam, Norris, Tenn., Bureau of Land Reclamation and Roland Wank, 1934-36

* State Capitol, Lincoln, Nebraska, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, 1920-32

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Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, D.C., Paul Cret, 1928-32

Federal Reserve Building, Washington, D.C., Cret, 1935-37

State Capitol, Bismarck, N.D., Holabird & Root, 1931-34; later adds.

Ford Motor Co., Highland Park plant, Highland Park, Mich., Albert Kahn, 1909-18; some buildings demolished

Ford Motor Co., River Rouge plant, River Rouge, Mich., Kahn, begun 1922; altered

* Chrysler Corp. Dodge half-ton truck plant, Warren, Mich., Kahn, 1937

Fisher Building, Detroit, Kahn, 1927-29

* Lovell house, Los Angeles, Neutra, 1927-29

* Von Sternberg house, San Fernando Valley, Cal., Neutra, 1935-36; demolished

Miller house, Palm Springs, Cal., Neutra, 1937-38

Schindler house, West Hollywood, Cal., R. M. Schindler, 1921-22

* Lovell house, Newport Beach, Cal., Schindler, 1925-27

Wolfe house, Avalon, Santa Catalina Island, Cal., Schindler, 1928-29

Oliver house, Los Angeles, Schindler, 1933-34

* Jacobs house, Madison, Wis., Wright, 1936-37

Pope house, Falls Church, Va., Wright, 1939-40; moved 1965

Broadacre City, Wright, 1933-34, et seq., ideal project,

* S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. administration building, Racine Wis., Wright, 1936-39; later adds.

Harold C. Price Company Building, Bartlesville, Okla., Wright, 1952-56

Taliesin West, Scottsdale, Ariz., Frank Lloyd Wright, begun 1938

12 * Fallingwater, Kaufmann house, Fayette County, Pa., Wright, 1936-37

Gregory house, nr. Santa Cruz, Cal., William Wilson Wurster, 1926-27

Butler house, Pasatiempo, Santa Cruz, Wurster, 1931-32

Chickering house, Woodside, Cal. Wurster, 1941

Clark beach house, Aptos, Cal., Wurster, 1937

Grover house, San Francisco, 1939

Gerbode house, San Francisco, Wurster, 1939

Fortune Rock, Thomas house, Mt. Desert Isl., Me., Howe, 1937-39

Gropius house, Lincoln, Mass., Walter Gropius, 1937-38

HOUSING

Atlantic Heights, Portsmouth, N.H., Kilham & Hopkins, 1918-19

Yorkship Village, Camden, N.J., Electus Litchfield, 1918-19

Hilton Village, Newport News, Va., Francis Joannes, 1918-19

Radburn, N.J., Clarence Stein and Henry Wright, 1928-33

Chatham Village, Pittsburgh, Stein and Wright and Ingham & Boyd, 1931-36

Colonial Village, Arlington, Va., Harvey Warwick, 1936-37, Francis Koenig, 1940

Falkland Apartments, Silver Spring, Md., Louis Justement, 1936-38

Greenbelt, Md., Douglas Ellington and R. J. Wadsworth, Clarence Stein, advisor, 1935-39

Carl Macklay Houses, Philadelphia, Oskar Stonorov, 1934

13 EUROPEAN WORKS CITED

New Louvre, Paris, L. T. J. Visconti and H. M. Lefuel, 1852-57

Eugene Emmanuelle Viollet-Le-Duc, Dictionnaire raisonne de l'architecture francise du XIe au XVIe siecle, 1854-68

Viollet-le-Duc, Discourses on Architecture, 1858, 1872

John Ruskin, The Seven Lamps of Architecture, 1849

Ruskin, The Stones of Venice, 1851-53

Owen Jones, Grammar of Ornament, 1856

Royal Courts of Justice, London, George Edmund Street, 1868-80

Bon Marche department store, Paris, L. C. Boileau and Gustave Eiffel, 1869-72; demolished

Eiffel Tower, Paris, for 1889 World's Fair, Eiffel, 1884-89

Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris

Gare de Quai d'Orsay, Paris, Victor Laloux, 1898-1900; altered

New Place, Haslemere, Surrey, U.K., Charles F. A. Voysey, 1897

The Orchard, Chorley Wood, Hertfordshire, Voysey, 1899-1901

Olbrich house, Kunstlerkolonie, Darmstadt, Joseph Maria Olbrich, 1900-01; altered

Secession Pavilion, Vienna, Olbrich, 1897-98

Pavilions, Exposition des Arts Decoratifs et Industrielles Moderne, Paris, 1925; demolished

Bruno Taut, Alpine Architektur, 1919

La Samarataine department store, Paris, Henri Sauvage, 1926-27

Bon Marche department store, Paris, L. H. Boileau, ca. 1923

Reichsmarshallhalle, Berlin, Albert Speer, ca. 1938-39; project

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Reich Aviation Ministry, Berlin, Ernst Sajehiel, 1935-36

Citta Nouva (New City), Antionio Sant' Elia, 1914, ideal project

Henny house, Huis ter Heide, the Netherlands, Robert van't Hoff, 1916

Schroeder house, Utrecht, Gerrit Rietveld, 1923-24

Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany, Walter Gropius, 1925-26

Le Corbusier, Vers une architecture, 1923

Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, France, Le Corbusier, 1928-29

Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany, Erich Mendelsohn, 1919-22

Berliner Tageblatt Building, Berlin, additions Mendelsohn, 1921-23

Hat factory, Luckenwalde, Germany, Mendelsohn, 1923

Romerstadt Siedlung, Germany, Bruno Taut, 1926-28

Hufeisensiedlung, Berlin, Taut, 1926-27

Ville Contemporaine (Contemporary City), Le Corbusier, 1922, ideal project

Voisin Plan for Paris, Le Corbusier, 1925, ideal project

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