Multiple Occurrences of Mutualism in the Yucca Moth Lineage (Coevolution/Mutualism/Pollination) OLLE PELLMYR*T and JOHN N
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Big Creek Lepidoptera Checklist
Big Creek Lepidoptera Checklist Prepared by J.A. Powell, Essig Museum of Entomology, UC Berkeley. For a description of the Big Creek Lepidoptera Survey, see Powell, J.A. Big Creek Reserve Lepidoptera Survey: Recovery of Populations after the 1985 Rat Creek Fire. In Views of a Coastal Wilderness: 20 Years of Research at Big Creek Reserve. (copies available at the reserve). family genus species subspecies author Acrolepiidae Acrolepiopsis californica Gaedicke Adelidae Adela flammeusella Chambers Adelidae Adela punctiferella Walsingham Adelidae Adela septentrionella Walsingham Adelidae Adela trigrapha Zeller Alucitidae Alucita hexadactyla Linnaeus Arctiidae Apantesis ornata (Packard) Arctiidae Apantesis proxima (Guerin-Meneville) Arctiidae Arachnis picta Packard Arctiidae Cisthene deserta (Felder) Arctiidae Cisthene faustinula (Boisduval) Arctiidae Cisthene liberomacula (Dyar) Arctiidae Gnophaela latipennis (Boisduval) Arctiidae Hemihyalea edwardsii (Packard) Arctiidae Lophocampa maculata Harris Arctiidae Lycomorpha grotei (Packard) Arctiidae Spilosoma vagans (Boisduval) Arctiidae Spilosoma vestalis Packard Argyresthiidae Argyresthia cupressella Walsingham Argyresthiidae Argyresthia franciscella Busck Argyresthiidae Argyresthia sp. (gray) Blastobasidae ?genus Blastobasidae Blastobasis ?glandulella (Riley) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.1) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.2) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.3) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.4) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.5) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.6) Blastobasidae Holcocera gigantella (Chambers) Blastobasidae -
Generalized Olfactory Detection of Floral Volatiles in the Highly Specialized Greya-Lithophragma Nursery Pollination System
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 Generalized olfactory detection of floral volatiles in the highly specialized Greya-Lithophragma nursery pollination system Schiestl, Florian P ; Wallin, Erika A ; Beck, John J ; Friberg, Magne ; Thompson, John N Abstract: Volatiles are of key importance for host-plant recognition in insects. In the pollination system of Lithophragma flowers and Greya moths, moths are highly specialized on Lithophragma, in whichthey oviposit and thereby pollinate the flowers. Floral volatiles in Lithophragma are highly variable between species and populations, and moths prefer to oviposit into Lithophragma flowers from populations of the local host species. Here we used gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) to test whether Greya moths detect specific key volatiles or respond broadly to many volatiles of Lithophragma flowers. We also addressed whether olfactory detection in Greya moths varies across populations, consistent with a co-evolutionary scenario. We analyzed flower volatile samples from three different species and five populations of Lithophragma occurring across a 1400 km range intheWestern USA, and their sympatric female Greya politella moths. We showed that Greya politella detect a broad range of Lithophragma volatiles, with a total of 23 compounds being EAD active. We chemically identified 15 of these, including the chiral 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (hexahydrofarnesyl acetone), which was not previously detected in Lithophragma. All investigated Lithophragma species produced the (6R, 10R)-enantiomer of this compound. We showed that Greya moths detected not only volatiles of their local Lithophragma plants, but also those from allopatric populations/species that they not encounter in local populations. -
Chapter 15 Comparative Phylogeography of North- Western North America: a Synthesis
Chapter 15 Comparative phylogeography of north- western North America: a synthesis S. J. Brunsfeld,* J. Sullivan,†D. E. Soltis‡and P. S. Soltis§ Introduction Phylogeography is concerned with the principles and processes that determine the geographic distributions of genealogical lineages, within and among closely related species (Avise et al. 1987;Avise 2000).Although this field of study is very new (only a little more than a decade has passed since the term ‘phylogeography’was first coined; see Avise et al. 1987),the scientific literature in this research area is now voluminous. To date, most phylogeographic investigations of natural populations have focused on muticellular animals (Hewitt 1993; Patton et al. 1994; daSilva & Patton 1998; Eizirik et al. 1998;Avise 2000; Hewitt 2000; Schaal & Olsen 2000; Sullivan et al. 2000). This bias is due in large part to the ready availability of population-level genetic markers afforded by the animal mitochondrial genome. The more slowly evolving chloroplast genome,in contrast,often does not provide sufficient variation to reconstruct phylogeny at the populational level (Soltis et al. 1997; Schaal et al. 1998; Schaal & Olsen 2000). Phylogeographic data have accumulated so rapidly for animal taxa that it has been possible to compare phylogeographic structure among codistributed species. In fact, one of the most profound recent contributions of molecular phylogeography is the construction of regional phylogeographic perspec- tives that permit comparisons of phylogeographic structure among codistributed species, and subsequent integration of genealogical data with independent biogeo- graphic and systematic data. Probably the best-known regional phylogeographic analysis for North America involves animals from the southeastern USA (reviewed in Avise 2000). -
Slide Show Coevolution of Prodoxid Moths
One of the Classic Examples of Coevolution Prodoxid Moths and Their Host Plants Yucca Greya moths moths G. variabilis Some unknown G. subalbaancestor G. enchrysa G. obscura G. mitellae G. politella G. piperella Moderately Highly Antagonist Commensal/ Inefficient Efficient Efficient Obligate Antagonist Mutualist Mutualist Mutualist, mutualist (What we knew in 1979) Sometimes Exclusive Thompson, Pellmyr, Segraves, Althoff, Brown,… What We Now Know: Diversification of Traits and Ecological Outcomes Prodoxid Moths and Their Host Plants Yucca Greya moths moths G. variabilis G. subalba G. enchrysa G. obscura G. mitellae G. politella T. maculata G. piperella Antagonist Commensal/ Inefficient Moderately Highly Obligate Antagonist Mutualist Efficient Efficient mutualist Mutualist Mutualist, Sometimes Exclusive Thompson, Pellmyr, Harrison, Brown, Segraves, Althoff, Cunningham, Nuismer, Merg, Cuautle, Rich, Laine, Schwind, Friberg, Raguso,… Diversification of Derived Taxa in Drier Habitats Basal Prodoxidae Basal Greya Derived Greya Yucca moths Wahlberg et al. 2013 for Prodoxidae Pellmyr et al. (various) for Yucca moths Thompson et al. and Pellmyr et al (various) for Greya Pollination Mutualisms Evolved More than Once In Prodoxid Moths Pollinators 18 5 Monocot-feeders 5-6+ Eudicot-feeders Thompson 2014 in Grant and Grant, eds., In Search of the Causes of Evolution, Princeton Univ. Press These Mutualisms Involve Two Plant Families Agavaceae Agavaceae Saxifragaceae Thompson 2014 in Grant and Grant, eds., In Search of the Causes of Evolution, Princeton Univ. Press The Moths Ensure Developing Seeds for Their Offspring: Actively in Yucca Moths Apiaceae Agavaceae Passively in Greya moths: Greya politella on Woodland Stars (Lithophragma) Photos: John N Thompson Lithophragma (Woodland star) Traits Coevolved Unique traits in With Greya Moths Lithophragma parviflorum Variable stigma & style and height, shape, etc. -
FORTY YEARS of CHANGE in SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Biology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 7-15-2019 FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Cumberland, Catherine. "FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES." (2019). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/321 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Catherine Cumberland Candidate Biology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Kenneth Whitney, Ph.D., Chairperson Scott Collins, Ph.D. Paula Klientjes-Neff, Ph.D. Diane Marshall, Ph.D. Kelly Miller, Ph.D. i FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology, Sonoma State University 2005 B.A., Environmental Studies, Sonoma State University 2005 M.S., Ecology, Colorado State University 2014 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy BIOLOGY The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico July, 2019 ii FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology B.A., Environmental Studies M.S., Ecology Ph.D., Biology ABSTRACT Changes in a regional bee assemblage were investigated by repeating a 1970s study from the U.S. -
Multilocus Phylogeography of the Flightless Darkling Beetle
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 99, 424–444. With 5 figures Multilocus phylogeography of the flightless darkling beetle Nyctoporis carinata (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in the California Floristic Province: deciphering an evolutionary mosaic MAXI POLIHRONAKIS* and MICHAEL S. CATERINO Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA Received 16 July 2009; accepted for publication 9 September 2009bij_1360 424..444 The California Floristic Province (CFP) is considered a global biodiversity hotspot because of its confluence of high species diversity across a wide range of threatened habitats. To understand how biodiversity hotspots such as the CFP maintain and generate diversity, we conducted a phylogeographic analysis of the flightless darkling beetle, Nyctoporis carinata, using multiple genetic markers. Analyses of both nuclear and mitochondrial loci revealed an east–west genetic break through the Transverse Ranges and high genetic diversity and isolation of the southern Sierra Nevada Mountains. Overall, the results obtained suggest that this species has a deep evolutionary history whose current distribution resulted from migration out of a glacial refugium in the southern Sierra Nevada via the Transverse Ranges. This finding is discussed in light of similar genetic patterns found in other taxa to develop a foundation for understanding the biodiversity patterns of this dynamic area. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 99, 424–444. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: cytochrome oxidase I (COI/CoxI) – guftagu – southern Sierra Nevada. INTRODUCTION will develop a better understanding of how these regions accumulate and maintain diversity (Avise, The California Floristic Province (CFP) is simulta- 2000). -
Generalized Olfactory Detection of Floral Volatiles in the Highly Specialized Greya-Lithophragma Nursery Pollination System
Arthropod-Plant Interactions https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-021-09809-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Generalized olfactory detection of foral volatiles in the highly specialized Greya-Lithophragma nursery pollination system Florian P. Schiestl1 · Erika A. Wallin2 · John J. Beck3 · Magne Friberg4 · John N. Thompson5 Received: 20 October 2020 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Volatiles are of key importance for host-plant recognition in insects. In the pollination system of Lithophragma fowers and Greya moths, moths are highly specialized on Lithophragma, in which they oviposit and thereby pollinate the fowers. Floral volatiles in Lithophragma are highly variable between species and populations, and moths prefer to oviposit into Litho- phragma fowers from populations of the local host species. Here we used gas chromatography coupled with electroanten- nographic detection (GC-EAD) to test whether Greya moths detect specifc key volatiles or respond broadly to many volatiles of Lithophragma fowers. We also addressed whether olfactory detection in Greya moths varies across populations, consistent with a co-evolutionary scenario. We analyzed fower volatile samples from three diferent species and fve populations of Lithophragma occurring across a 1400 km range in the Western USA, and their sympatric female Greya politella moths. We showed that Greya politella detect a broad range of Lithophragma volatiles, with a total of 23 compounds being EAD active. We chemically identifed 15 of these, including the chiral 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (hexahydrofarnesyl acetone), which was not previously detected in Lithophragma. All investigated Lithophragma species produced the (6R, 10R)-enantiomer of this compound. We showed that Greya moths detected not only volatiles of their local Lithophragma plants, but also those from allopatric populations/species that they not encounter in local populations. -
Species Concepts Should Not Conflict with Evolutionary History, but Often Do Author
Title: Species Concepts Should Not Conflict with Evolutionary History, but often do Author: Joel D. Velasco Address: Joel D. Velasco Department of Philosophy Building 90 Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 [email protected] Abstract: Many phylogenetic systematists have criticized the Biological Species Concept (BSC) because it distorts evolutionary history. While defenses against this particular criticism have been attempted, I argue that these responses are unsuccessful. In addition, I argue that the source of this problem leads to previously unappreciated, and deeper, fatal objections. These objections to the BSC also straightforwardly apply to other species concepts that are not defined by genealogical history. What is missing from many previous discussions is the fact that the Tree of Life, which represents phylogenetic history, is independent of our choice of species concept. Some species concepts are consistent with species having unique positions on the Tree while others, including the BSC, are not. Since representing history is of primary importance in evolutionary biology, these problems lead to the conclusion that the BSC, along with many other species concepts, are unacceptable. If species are to be taxa used in phylogenetic inferences, we need a history-based species concept. Keywords: Biological Species Concept, Phylogenetic Species Concept, Phylogenetic Trees, Taxonomy 1. Introduction A central task in the field of biological systematics is the development of a theory to guide our taxonomic practices in constructing biological classifications. Systematics today is dominated by the phylogenetic perspective – the view that evolutionary history is of primary importance when delimiting taxa. These taxa are the formally named groups, such as Homo sapiens, that are hierarchically arranged in a classification system. -
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Index to Volume 118 Compiled by Leslie Cody Abies balsamea, 46,95,124,251,268,274,361,388,401,510,530 confines, 431 lasiocarpa, 191,355,584 thomsoni, 431 Abrostola urentis, 541 Agelaius phoeniceus, 201 Acanthopteroctetes bimaculata, 532 Agelaius phoeniceus, Staging in Eastern South Dakota, Spring Acanthopteroctetidae, 532 Dispersal Patterns of Red-winged Blackbirds, 201 Acasis viridata, 539 Aglais milberti, 537 Acer,52 Agonopterix gelidella, 533 negundo, 309 Agriphila ruricolella, 536 rubrum, 41,96,136,136,251,277,361,508 vulgivagella, 536 saccharinum, 41,124,251 Agropyron spp., 400,584 saccharum, 361,507 cristatum, 300 spicatum, 362 pectiniforme, 560 Achigan à grande bouche, 523 repens, 300 à petite bouche, 523 sibiricum, 560 Achillea millefolium, 166 Agrostis sp., 169 Achnatherum richardsonii, 564 filiculmis, 558 Acipenser fulvescens, 523 gigantea, 560 Acipenseridae, 523 Aira praecox, 177 Acleris albicomana, 534 Aix sponsa, 131,230 britannia, 534 Alaska, Changes in Loon (Gavia spp.) and Red-necked Grebe celiana, 534 (Podiceps grisegena) Populations in the Lower Mata- emargana, 535 nuska-Susitna Valley, 210 forbesana, 534 Alaska, Interactions of Brown Bears, Ursus arctos, and Gray logiana, 534 Wolves, Canis lupus, at Katmai National Park and Pre- nigrolinea, 535 serve, 247 obligatoria, 534 Alaska, Seed Dispersal by Brown Bears, Ursus arctos,in schalleriana, 534 Southeastern, 499 variana, 534 Alaska, The Heather Vole, Genus Phenacomys, in, 438 Acorn, J.H., Review by, 468 Alberta: Distribution and Status, The Barred Owl, Strix varia Acossus -
Yuccas, Yucca Moths, and Coevolution: a Review1
YUCCAS, YUCCA MOTHS, Olle Pellmyr2 AND COEVOLUTION: A REVIEW1 ABSTRACT The obligate pollination mutualism between yuccas (Agavaceae) and yucca moths (Lepidoptera, Prodoxidae), in which the adult moth pollinates yucca ¯owers and her progeny feed on developing seeds, is one of the classically cited examples of coevolution. While known since 1872, our understanding of the ecology and evolution of this association has increased dramatically in the past decade. Here I review current information on organismal diversity and phylo- genetic relationships, ecological relationships, origin and reversal of the mutualism, and the potential for analyzing patterns of co-speciation and the historical role of coevolution on speci®c traits in driving diversi®cation in the inter- action. Major novel developments in recent years include the recognition of a large species complex of pollinators, previously thought to be one polyphagous species; a majority of all moth species are monophagous. Considerable life history diversity has been unveiled, and mechanisms that maintain a mutualistic equilibrium by preventing over- exploitation documented. Phylogenetic and ecological information, including data from other, newly discovered facul- tative pollinators in the Prodoxidae, have been used to erect a hypothesis for the evolution of obligate mutualism. Application of a molecular clock to phylogenetic data suggests that the plant-moth association arose at least 40 Mya, and that the obligate mutualism evolved very quickly after this event. Two separate events of reversal of mutualism have been identi®ed, involving derived ``cheater'' moth species that oviposit into fruits resulting from pollination by other pollinator species. This appears to have happened not through selection for cheating, but rather as a byproduct of a phenological shift to an unexploited seed resource, in which case pollination behavior became redundant. -
Metapopulation Research Group
Annual Report 2008 Metapopulation Research Group Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki 2008 Contact information Address: Metapopulation Research Group Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences P.O.Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1) FI-00014 University of Helsinki Finland Phone: +358 9 1911 (exchange) Fax: +358 9 191 57694 E-mail: [email protected] www: www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop © Metapopulation Research Group Layout: Sami Ojanen MRG-logo: Gergely Várkonyi Face photos: Evgeniy Meyke Printed in Picaset OY Helsinki, December 2008 Contents Evolution of the Metapopulation Research Group .......................................5 Brief history and overview of MRG .............................................................6 Research Projects .........................................................................................9 Integrative ecology Metapopulation biology of the Glanville fritillary ............................................................................ 10 Functional genomics of the Glanville fritillary ...................................................................................12 The Glanville fritillary metacommunity in the Åland islands ....................................................... 14 Metacommunity dynamics in mosaic landscapes............................................................................ 16 Metacommunity dynamics of wood-decaying fungi ...................................................................... 18 Mathematical modelling -
Extreme Diversification of Floral Volatiles Within and Among Species of Lithophragma (Saxifragaceae)
Extreme diversification of floral volatiles within and among species of Lithophragma (Saxifragaceae) Magne Friberga,1, Christopher Schwindb, Paulo R. Guimarães Jr.c, Robert A. Ragusod, and John N. Thompsonb aDepartment of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden; bDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060; cDepartamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil; and dDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 Edited by May R. Berenbaum, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, and approved January 15, 2019 (received for review June 16, 2018) A major challenge in evolutionary biology is to understand how insects (10–12). Single volatiles can mediate interactions be- complex traits of multiple functions have diversified and codiversified tween plants and pollinators (13, 14), but complex floral scent across interacting lineages and geographic ranges. We evaluate bouquets are common in many taxa (15). These bouquets may intra- and interspecific variation in floral scent, which is a heighten the attraction of preferred pollinators, but they may complex trait of documented importance for mutualistic and function simultaneously as cues for resource detection by seed antagonistic interactions between plants, pollinators, and herbi- predators or herbivores (16–19) and mediate interactions with vores. We performed a large-scale, phylogenetically structured microbes (20, 21). Hence, floral scent should be sensitive to se- study of an entire plant genus (Lithophragma, Saxifragaceae), of lection imposed by the local assemblage of mutualist and an- which several species are coevolving with specialized pollinating tagonist insects, and it may vary among populations within floral parasites of the moth genus Greya (Prodoxidae).