Rana Cascadae)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Table 8 — National Wilderness Areas in Multiple States
Table 8 - National Wilderness Areas in Multiple States * Unit is in two or more States ** Acres estimated pending final boundary determination + Special Area that is part of a proclaimed National Forest National Wilderness Area State NFS Other Total Unit Name Acreage Acreage Acreage Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Montana Custer National Forest* 331,130 1,482 332,612 Gallatin National Forest 582,181 2,657 584,838 Wyoming Shoshone National Forest 23,694 0 23,694 Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Totals 937,005 4,139 941,144 Big Frog Wilderness Georgia Chattahoochee National Forest 136 0 136 Tennessee Cherokee National Forest* 7,996 0 7,996 Big Frog Wilderness Totals 8,132 0 8,132 Black Fork Mountain Wilderness Arkansas Ouachita National Forest* 8,249 79 8,328 Oklahoma Ouachita National Forest* 5,098 40 5,138 Black Fork Mountain Wilderness Totals 13,347 119 13,466 Cohutta Wilderness Georgia Chattahoochee National Forest 35,284 9 35,293 Tennessee Cherokee National Forest* 1,746 0 1,746 Cohutta Wilderness Totals 37,030 9 37,039 Ellicott Rock Wilderness Georgia Chattahoochee National Forest 2,023 0 2,023 North Carolina Nantahala National Forest 3,417 0 3,417 South Carolina Sumter National Forest 2,857 9 2,866 Ellicott Rock Wilderness Totals 8,297 9 8,306 Processed Date: 2/5/2014 Table 8 - National Wilderness Areas in Multiple States * Unit is in two or more States ** Acres estimated pending final boundary determination + Special Area that is part of a proclaimed National Forest National Wilderness Area State NFS Other Total Unit Name Acreage Acreage -
Big Creek Lepidoptera Checklist
Big Creek Lepidoptera Checklist Prepared by J.A. Powell, Essig Museum of Entomology, UC Berkeley. For a description of the Big Creek Lepidoptera Survey, see Powell, J.A. Big Creek Reserve Lepidoptera Survey: Recovery of Populations after the 1985 Rat Creek Fire. In Views of a Coastal Wilderness: 20 Years of Research at Big Creek Reserve. (copies available at the reserve). family genus species subspecies author Acrolepiidae Acrolepiopsis californica Gaedicke Adelidae Adela flammeusella Chambers Adelidae Adela punctiferella Walsingham Adelidae Adela septentrionella Walsingham Adelidae Adela trigrapha Zeller Alucitidae Alucita hexadactyla Linnaeus Arctiidae Apantesis ornata (Packard) Arctiidae Apantesis proxima (Guerin-Meneville) Arctiidae Arachnis picta Packard Arctiidae Cisthene deserta (Felder) Arctiidae Cisthene faustinula (Boisduval) Arctiidae Cisthene liberomacula (Dyar) Arctiidae Gnophaela latipennis (Boisduval) Arctiidae Hemihyalea edwardsii (Packard) Arctiidae Lophocampa maculata Harris Arctiidae Lycomorpha grotei (Packard) Arctiidae Spilosoma vagans (Boisduval) Arctiidae Spilosoma vestalis Packard Argyresthiidae Argyresthia cupressella Walsingham Argyresthiidae Argyresthia franciscella Busck Argyresthiidae Argyresthia sp. (gray) Blastobasidae ?genus Blastobasidae Blastobasis ?glandulella (Riley) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.1) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.2) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.3) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.4) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.5) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.6) Blastobasidae Holcocera gigantella (Chambers) Blastobasidae -
Generalized Olfactory Detection of Floral Volatiles in the Highly Specialized Greya-Lithophragma Nursery Pollination System
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 Generalized olfactory detection of floral volatiles in the highly specialized Greya-Lithophragma nursery pollination system Schiestl, Florian P ; Wallin, Erika A ; Beck, John J ; Friberg, Magne ; Thompson, John N Abstract: Volatiles are of key importance for host-plant recognition in insects. In the pollination system of Lithophragma flowers and Greya moths, moths are highly specialized on Lithophragma, in whichthey oviposit and thereby pollinate the flowers. Floral volatiles in Lithophragma are highly variable between species and populations, and moths prefer to oviposit into Lithophragma flowers from populations of the local host species. Here we used gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) to test whether Greya moths detect specific key volatiles or respond broadly to many volatiles of Lithophragma flowers. We also addressed whether olfactory detection in Greya moths varies across populations, consistent with a co-evolutionary scenario. We analyzed flower volatile samples from three different species and five populations of Lithophragma occurring across a 1400 km range intheWestern USA, and their sympatric female Greya politella moths. We showed that Greya politella detect a broad range of Lithophragma volatiles, with a total of 23 compounds being EAD active. We chemically identified 15 of these, including the chiral 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (hexahydrofarnesyl acetone), which was not previously detected in Lithophragma. All investigated Lithophragma species produced the (6R, 10R)-enantiomer of this compound. We showed that Greya moths detected not only volatiles of their local Lithophragma plants, but also those from allopatric populations/species that they not encounter in local populations. -
Slide Show Coevolution of Prodoxid Moths
One of the Classic Examples of Coevolution Prodoxid Moths and Their Host Plants Yucca Greya moths moths G. variabilis Some unknown G. subalbaancestor G. enchrysa G. obscura G. mitellae G. politella G. piperella Moderately Highly Antagonist Commensal/ Inefficient Efficient Efficient Obligate Antagonist Mutualist Mutualist Mutualist, mutualist (What we knew in 1979) Sometimes Exclusive Thompson, Pellmyr, Segraves, Althoff, Brown,… What We Now Know: Diversification of Traits and Ecological Outcomes Prodoxid Moths and Their Host Plants Yucca Greya moths moths G. variabilis G. subalba G. enchrysa G. obscura G. mitellae G. politella T. maculata G. piperella Antagonist Commensal/ Inefficient Moderately Highly Obligate Antagonist Mutualist Efficient Efficient mutualist Mutualist Mutualist, Sometimes Exclusive Thompson, Pellmyr, Harrison, Brown, Segraves, Althoff, Cunningham, Nuismer, Merg, Cuautle, Rich, Laine, Schwind, Friberg, Raguso,… Diversification of Derived Taxa in Drier Habitats Basal Prodoxidae Basal Greya Derived Greya Yucca moths Wahlberg et al. 2013 for Prodoxidae Pellmyr et al. (various) for Yucca moths Thompson et al. and Pellmyr et al (various) for Greya Pollination Mutualisms Evolved More than Once In Prodoxid Moths Pollinators 18 5 Monocot-feeders 5-6+ Eudicot-feeders Thompson 2014 in Grant and Grant, eds., In Search of the Causes of Evolution, Princeton Univ. Press These Mutualisms Involve Two Plant Families Agavaceae Agavaceae Saxifragaceae Thompson 2014 in Grant and Grant, eds., In Search of the Causes of Evolution, Princeton Univ. Press The Moths Ensure Developing Seeds for Their Offspring: Actively in Yucca Moths Apiaceae Agavaceae Passively in Greya moths: Greya politella on Woodland Stars (Lithophragma) Photos: John N Thompson Lithophragma (Woodland star) Traits Coevolved Unique traits in With Greya Moths Lithophragma parviflorum Variable stigma & style and height, shape, etc. -
Table 8 - National Wilderness Areas in Multiple States
Table 8 - National Wilderness Areas in Multiple States * Unit is in two or more States ** Acres estimated pending final boundary determination + Special Area that is part of a proclaimed National Forest National Wilderness Area State NFS Other Total Unit Name Acreage Acreage Acreage Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Montana Custer National Forest* 331,130 1,482 332,612 Gallatin National Forest 582,181 2,657 584,838 Wyoming Shoshone National Forest 23,694 0 23,694 Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Total 937,005 4,139 941,144 Big Frog Wilderness Georgia Chattahoochee National Forest 136 0 136 Tennessee Cherokee National Forest* 7,996 0 7,996 Big Frog Wilderness Total 8,132 0 8,132 Black Fork Mountain Wilderness Arkansas Ouachita National Forest* 8,249 79 8,328 Oklahoma Ouachita National Forest* 5,098 40 5,138 Black Fork Mountain Wilderness Total 13,347 119 13,466 Cohutta Wilderness Georgia Chattahoochee National Forest 35,284 9 35,293 Tennessee Cherokee National Forest* 1,746 0 1,746 Cohutta Wilderness Total 37,030 9 37,039 Ellicott Rock Wilderness Georgia Chattahoochee National Forest 2,023 0 2,023 North Carolina Nantahala National Forest 3,417 0 3,417 South Carolina Sumter National Forest 2,857 9 2,866 Ellicott Rock Wilderness Total 8,297 9 8,306 Refresh Date: 10/18/2014 Table 8 - National Wilderness Areas in Multiple States * Unit is in two or more States ** Acres estimated pending final boundary determination + Special Area that is part of a proclaimed National Forest National Wilderness Area State NFS Other Total Unit Name Acreage Acreage Acreage -
The Siskiyou Hiker 2020
WINTER 2020 THE SISKIYOU HIKER Outdoor news from the Siskiyou backcountry SPECIAL ISSUE: 2020 Stewardship Report Photo by: Trevor Meyer SEASON UPDATES ALL THE TRAILS CLEARED THIS YEAR LOOKING AHEAD CHECK OUT OUR Laina Rose, 2020 Crew Leader PLANS FOR 2021 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR Winter, 2020 Dear Friends, In this special issue of the Siskiyou Hiker, we’ve taken our annual stewardship report and wrapped it up into a periodical for your review. Like everyone, 2020 has been a tough year for us. But I hope this issue illustrates that this year was a challenge we were up for. We had to make big changes, including a hiring freeze on interns and seasonals. My staff, board, our volun- teers, and I all had to flex into what roles needed to be filled, and far-ahead planning became almost impossi- ble. But we were able to wrap up technical frontcountry projects in the spring, and finished work on the Briggs Creek Bridge and a long retaining wall on the multi-use Taylor Creek Trail. Then my staff planned for a smaller intern program that was stronger beyond measure. We put practices in place to keep everyone safe, and got through the year intact and in good health. This year we had a greater impact on the lives of the young people who serve on our Wilderness Conserva- tion Corps. They completed media projects and gained technical skills. Everyone pushed themselves and we took the first real steps in realizing greater diversity throughout our organization. And despite protocols in place to slow the spread of Covid-19, we actually grew our volunteer program. -
9691.Ch01.Pdf
© 2006 UC Regents Buy this book University of California Press, one of the most distinguished univer- sity presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2006 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sawyer, John O., 1939– Northwest California : a natural history / John O. Sawyer. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-520-23286-0 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Natural history—California, Northern I. Title. QH105.C2S29 2006 508.794—dc22 2005034485 Manufactured in the United States of America 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 10987654321 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum require- ments of ansi/niso z/39.48-1992 (r 1997) (Permanence of Paper).∞ The Klamath Land of Mountains and Canyons The Klamath Mountains are the home of one of the most exceptional temperate coniferous forest regions in the world. The area’s rich plant and animal life draws naturalists from all over the world. Outdoor enthusiasts enjoy its rugged mountains, its many lakes, its wildernesses, and its wild rivers. Geologists come here to refine the theory of plate tectonics. Yet, the Klamath Mountains are one of the least-known parts of the state. The region’s complex pattern of mountains and rivers creates a bewil- dering set of landscapes. -
Step 3 - Current Conditions
Step 3 - Current Conditions INTRODUCTION - This step describes the current occurs during summer thunderstorms. Winter range, distribution and condition of ecosystem precipitation occurs mainly as snow above 4,000 feet elements. It is organized by Issue as presented in elevation, and mainly as rain below that elevation. Step 2 and answers Key Questions identified for Fluctuation of the snow level occasionally results in each issue of this step. rain causing rapid snow melt. PRECIPITATION AQUATICS The precipitation record is characterized by two distinct climate trends (Table 3-1). These alternating periods of wet and dry conditions lasted for a few HILLSLOPE PROCESSES decades. The short duration of the record and irregular nature of climatic change preclude Key Question 1- What are the dominant forecasting of these periods. The drier periods are of hydrologic and erosional characteristics and approximately 40 inches average annual processes within these watersheds, including precipitation, the wetter are of approximately 60 impacts of the 1997 flood? inches. The Happy Camp record, along with longer records from Eureka and other stations in Landslides introduce large volumes of coarse northwestern California, indicate that the period 1870 sediment to streams during episodes of intense to 1910 was a wet time; 1911 to 1937 dry; 1938 to precipitation. This results in changes in the structure 1975 wet; 1976 to 1994 dry and 1995 to present wet. of stream channels and the quality of instream Intense precipitation of 1982-83 and 1997 are related habitat. Episodes of large amounts of sediment to strong El Niño effects. The probability of production are followed by about 10 years of rapid occurrence of rare, intense storms is higher during adjustment of channel geometry. -
C a L I F O R N
BACKPACKER CALIFORNIA <<< WILD WEEKENDS IN YOUR BACKYARD & N E V A D A Lower Rock Creek Morris Meadow Enjoy a variety of seasons in Inyo National Forest Get an alpine fix, maybe some fish, on this Trinity Alps trek THE HIKE This downhill shuttle hike may be THE HIKE If you can’t wait for the warmup to hard on the knees, but the views of seasonal thaw high routes in the Sierras and southern change are easy on the eyes. In spring, you Cascades, this 18-mile out-and-back into the can watch the last remnants of snow give heart of the Trinity Alps Wilderness is just the way to blooming wildflowers; in fall, you can ticket. Follow the Stuart Fork Trail as it parallels see autumn colors rewind to vibrant summer the tumbling waters of Stuart Fork, winding greens as you descend 1,900 feet over 9.3 through a rocky channel beneath a dense miles. Start on the Lower Rock Creek Trail as canopy of mixed hardwoods. The river supports it drops gently from the upper trailhead, then cross the creek a healthy population of rainbow trout, so pack tackle. You’ll climb and follow its banks southeast for 2.2 miles. When you reach a gentle slope up a canyon amid black oaks, ponderosa pines, the road, hook right; follow the road briefly, then cross the creek and incense cedars, crossing several streams. After nearly 9 again and pick up the trail on its west bank. Head another 2.2 miles of forest, expansive Morris Meadow opens up at 4,400 miles south through the woods until you cross the road and feet. -
Public Law 98-425 An
PUBLIC LAW 98-425-SEPT. 28, 1984 98 STAT. 1619 Public Law 98-425 98th Congress An Act Sept. 28, 1984 Entitled the "California Wilderness Act of 1984". [H.R. 1437] Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this title may California Wilderness Act be cited as the "California Wilderness Act of 1984". of 1984. National TITLE I Wilderness Preservation System. DESIGNATION OF WILDERNESS National Forest System. SEC. 101. (a) In furtherance of the purposes of the Wilderness Act, National parks, the following lands, as generally depicted on maps, appropriately monuments, etc. referenced, dated July 1980 (except as otherwise dated) are hereby 16 USC 1131 designated as wilderness, and therefore, as components of the Na note. tional Wilderness Preservation System- (1)scertain lands in the Lassen National Forest, California,s which comprise approximately one thousand eight hundred acres, as generally depicted on a map entitled "Caribou Wilder ness Additions-Proposed", and which are hereby incorporated in, and which shall be deemed to be a part of the Caribou Wilderness as designated by Public Law 88-577; 16 USC 1131 (2)s certain lands in the Stanislaus and Toiyabe Nationals note. 16 USC 1132 Forests, California, which comprise approximately one hundred note. sixty thousand acres, as generally depicted on a map entitled "Carson-Iceberg Wilderness-Proposed", dated July 1984, and which shall be known as the Carson-Iceberg Wilderness: Pro vided, however, That the designation of the Carson-Iceberg Wil derness shall not preclude continued motorized access to those previously existing facilities which are directly related to per mitted livestock grazing activities in the Wolf Creek Drainage on the Toiyabe National Forest in the same manner and degree in which such access was occurring as of the date of enactment of this title; (3)scertain lands in the Shasta-Trinity National Forest, Cali 16 USC 1132 fornia, which comprise approximately seven thousand three note. -
Trinity Alps Wilderness
Golden ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 3 ! ! ! ! ! ! Russian ! ! ! 9 ! 6 ! 1 ! ! ! ! 7 4 ! N N ! Grizz 4 ! 4 9 0 0 0 l 3 ! 0 y 0 ! G ! 0 8 ! ! A 2 4 0 0 Lower ! N ! 0 6 0 0 0 u 0 0 4 7 ! 9 0 8 l 0 3 2 4 Lake 0 2 k ! ! 0 6 ! 4 6 2 0 r 8 N ! ! ! 0 TNH82 o ! 4 9 3 ! 36 F ! ! 00 0 3 ! ! 40 0 ! ! Russian ! 00 C 0 6 31 9 0 ! 11 ! ! 3 ! ! 2 r 0 4 0 ! 2 0 5 1 y 32 e 3 h 33 ! 3 6 7 1 5 ! 0 ! 3 5 4 0 9 0 2 34 0 ! 6 2 8 e 0 6 N ! 2 0 6 4 4 0 N ! 1 0 e ! c 0 k 0 9 ! 12 ! 0 2 6 l 4 0 Lake 4 0 10 ! ! 1 5 3 v 6 2 ! 0 Black ! N 0 9 8 ! r 3 0 0 0N83 u ! 4 0 ! 0 6 2 ! ! ! ! ! Camp Eden ! a Waterdog 5 3! ! 8 ! 5 Bear ! G ! 2 ! 1 4 ! ! !0 4 N ! 4 ! 9 9 ! ! 0 ! 3 39N40 00 H 4 W 3 6 B ! ! ! 5 C ! ! ! ! 4 0 ! ! ! Lake 39 Summit ! 0 ! ! 0 e ! ! ! ! ! 0 ! 0 C ! ! 0 ! 4 ! 0 ! 0 9:; ! ! ! 4 ! s 4 0 ! ! 4 ! ! ! 0 4 4 o ! ! A 6 ! t Russian 0 ! ! ! 0 ! ! ! ! A ! 0 ! ! ! ! ! 0 ! 6 ! ! ! ! 5 3 m ! 0 ! ! ! ! ! ! 8 ! ! ! r ! 6 0 ! ! 3 ! 0 ! 440 ! 4 ! g ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6 4 ! 0 p 9 ! 4 0 ! A ! ! 0 N ! 0 3 ! ! 0 ! r u ! e ! N ! ! ! ! ! 6 Lake ! ! ! ! e ! ! e ! 0 ! 1 ! ! s ! s ! 39 ! k s 0 9 ! ! ! 12 ! ! ! 0 ! ! o ! n h ! k n ! ! o ! s 9:; ! ! ! ! ! ! k ! t ! ! r c ! a C ! ! ! F J ! r a ! ! A e ! ! e ! ! e ! ! k u ! B h ! 41N16 D ! ! ! ! ! 6 ! Y ! ! ! ! ! o ! 12 ! e E o c ! 3 ! 8 Jackson ! l ! ! r ! ! ! r 11 0 ! 7 ! e 8 9 ! S 0 0 ! 11 ! ! u 9 ! 10 k 10 2 k ! 3 3 C 7 8 0 7 v ! TH ! 4 9 ! 6 8 ! i ! ! B 15 ! B 3 ! e 0 G ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 14 13 ! Siphon 0 G L Lake 9 3 ! 0 7 e ! ! 0 ! 39 ! r 4 0 ! N A ! 9 ! u ! ! 0 0 ! 600 A ! 4 G 8 ! 9:; ! N 0 2 C 1 l 4 ! 0 ! 0 c 8 ! ! 8 u Lake 5 5 6 8 5 0 L -
Generalized Olfactory Detection of Floral Volatiles in the Highly Specialized Greya-Lithophragma Nursery Pollination System
Arthropod-Plant Interactions https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-021-09809-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Generalized olfactory detection of foral volatiles in the highly specialized Greya-Lithophragma nursery pollination system Florian P. Schiestl1 · Erika A. Wallin2 · John J. Beck3 · Magne Friberg4 · John N. Thompson5 Received: 20 October 2020 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Volatiles are of key importance for host-plant recognition in insects. In the pollination system of Lithophragma fowers and Greya moths, moths are highly specialized on Lithophragma, in which they oviposit and thereby pollinate the fowers. Floral volatiles in Lithophragma are highly variable between species and populations, and moths prefer to oviposit into Litho- phragma fowers from populations of the local host species. Here we used gas chromatography coupled with electroanten- nographic detection (GC-EAD) to test whether Greya moths detect specifc key volatiles or respond broadly to many volatiles of Lithophragma fowers. We also addressed whether olfactory detection in Greya moths varies across populations, consistent with a co-evolutionary scenario. We analyzed fower volatile samples from three diferent species and fve populations of Lithophragma occurring across a 1400 km range in the Western USA, and their sympatric female Greya politella moths. We showed that Greya politella detect a broad range of Lithophragma volatiles, with a total of 23 compounds being EAD active. We chemically identifed 15 of these, including the chiral 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (hexahydrofarnesyl acetone), which was not previously detected in Lithophragma. All investigated Lithophragma species produced the (6R, 10R)-enantiomer of this compound. We showed that Greya moths detected not only volatiles of their local Lithophragma plants, but also those from allopatric populations/species that they not encounter in local populations.