DOCSLIB.ORG

Sources of Household Income in India 1999-2000

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sources of Household Income in India 1999-2000 Report No. 463(55/1.0/5) Sources of Household Income in India 1999-2000 NSS 55th Round July 1999- June 2000 National Sample Survey Organisation Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation Government of India August 2001 PREFACE The National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) has been carrying out all- India household surveys on Consumer Expenditure and Employment & Unemployment with a large sample usually once in every five years. The sixth such survey was conducted in the 55th round (July 1999-June 2000) - which covered Non- agricultural Enterprises in the Informal Sector in addition. The schedule of enquiry on Consumer Expenditure for the survey was, more or less, similar to that adopted in previous quinquennial rounds. The present report is the fifth in the series of reports through which the results on consumer expenditure survey are being released. In this report, an attempt has been made to study the differences of various sources of household income over social groups and household occupation types. The sources of income considered for the purpose are: cultivation, fishing/other agricultural enterprises, wage/salaried employment, non-agricultural enterprise, pension, rent, remittances, interest and dividends, and others. This report has four sections and one appendix. Section 1 of the report is introductory while Section 2 presents Sample Design and Estimation Procedure. Section 3 gives Concepts and Definitions. Section 4 discusses Survey Findings. The detailed tables are provided in the Appendix. The Field Operations Division (FOD) of the Organisation conducted the fieldwork for the survey. The collected data were processed and tabulated by the Data Processing Division (DPD) of the NSSO. The Survey Design & Research Division (SDRD) of the NSSO developed the survey design and prepared the report. I am grateful to the Chairman and members of the Governing Council, Heads of various Divisions of the NSSO and their colleagues for the contribution made in preparing the report. Comments/suggestions from the readers will be most welcome. New Delhi N. S. Sastry August 2001 Director General & Chief Executive Officer National Sample Survey Organisation NSS Report No. 463: Sources of Household Income in India, 1999-2000 Contents Section 1 Introduction 1 Section 2 Sample Design and Estimation Procedure 3 Section 3 Concepts and Definitions 10 Section 4 Summary of Findings 14 Appendix Detailed tables Table 1R Number per 1000 of households reporting receipt of income A-1 from different sources during the period of last 365 days by household type and by State/UT – rural Table 1U Number per 1000 of households reporting receipt of income A-18 from different sources during the period of last 365 days by household type and by State/UT – urban Table 2R Distribution of households reporting each source of income A-35 over MPCE classes, along with average MPCE, by State/UT – rural Table 2U Number per 1000 of households reporting receipt of income A-52 during a period of 365 days from different sources by MPCE class – urban Table 3R Distribution of households receiving income from different A-69 combinations of sources by MPCE class, separately by State/UT – rural Table 3U Distribution of households receiving income from different A-80 combinations of sources by MPCE class separately by State/UT – urban Table 4R Number per 1000 of households reporting each source of A-91 income during the period of last 365 days belonging to different social groups, by State/UT – rural Table 4U Number per 1000 of households reporting each source of A-102 income during the period of last 365 days belonging to different social groups by State/UT - urban Table 5R Distributions of households with specified sources of income A-113 by size class of land possessed - rural Highlights · In rural India, the percentage of households reporting income received from ‘cultivation’ and ‘fishing/other agricultural enterprises’ dropped during the period 1987-2000. · In rural India, the proportion of households reporting income from pension, remittances, and interest and dividends was relatively high for household type “others”. The proportion of households reporting income from ‘pension’ or ‘interest and dividends’ was found to be the lowest for household type “agricultural labour”. · In rural India, the proportion of households reporting income from pension, rent, remittances and interest and dividends was generally higher for the upper MPCE classes and for social group ‘others’. · In urban India, the proportion of households reporting income from ‘pension’ or ‘interest and dividends’ was the lowest for casual labour households. The proportion of households reporting income from ‘pension’ or ‘remittances’ was by far the highest for household type ‘others’. · In rural India, for the combination of sources of income - both rent and non-agricultural enterprises - the percentage of households reporting such combination increased over the MPCE classes. · In rural India, those households which received income from cultivation had by far the highest average area of land possessed. · In the rural areas of major States, cultivation was the predominant source of income in Rajasthan (787 out of 1000), followed by Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The proportion of households reporting income from fishing/other agricultural enterprises was the highest (597 out of 1000) in Kerala. In the urban sector also, Kerala showed the highest proportion of households under fishing/other agricultural enterprises (475 out of 1000). ‘Remittances’ was reported by relatively large proportions of households in Kerala (22%) and Bihar (12%). Section 1 Introduction 1.0 During its quinquennial surveys of household consumer expenditure1 and employment- unemploment, the National Sample Survey Organisation2 collects some information on sources of income of rural and urban households throughout the country. The summary of such information from NSS 55th round are presented in this report. During the survey, the household consumer expenditure schedule was canvassed in 120309 households located in 6046 villages and 4116 urban blocks. This report is the fifth of a series of reports through which the findings of the survey are being released. 1 Household consumer expenditure survey: It was originally the practice to collect data on household consumer expenditure in every round of NSS, starting from the very first round (1950-51). From 1972-73, according to a decision of the Governing Council of NSSO, the consumer expenditure survey became a quinquennial feature. It was also integrated with the employment and unemployment survey in the sense that a common sample of households was subjected to both the enquiries. An annual series of smaller-scale consumer expenditure surveys was again launched from the 42nd round (1986-87) to fill the data gaps which planners and researchers had begun to feel. It is the larger-scale quinquennial surveys, however, which are expected to be more useful for the study of trends in the level of consumer expenditure and of the emergence of new spending patterns. The six quinquennial surveys of consumer expenditure have been those of the 27th, 32nd, 38th, 43rd, 50th and 55th rounds of NSS. They relate, respectively, to the years 1972-73, 1977-78, 1983, 1987-88, 1993-94 and 1999-2000. 2 The National Sample Survey: The NSS was set up in 1950, with the idea of having a permanent survey organisation to collect data on various facets of the economy through nationwide sample surveys in order to assist in socio-economic planning and policy-making. The NSS is a continuing survey in the sense that it is carried out in the form of successive "rounds", each round usually of a year's duration covering several topics of current interest in a specific survey period. At present each NSS round reaches, at the all-India level, about 12,000 to 14,000 villages and blocks in the Central sample (covered by the Central agency NSSO) and an independent sample of about 14,000 to 16,000 villages and blocks in the State sample (covered by the Governments of various states and union territories). The entire area of the country - rural and urban - is covered, with the exception of some interior areas of Nagaland and Andaman & Nicobar Islands, and Ladakh and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir. NSS Report No. 463: Sources of Household Income in India, 1999-2000 1 1.1 Quantitative data on household income are at present not collected in NSS household surveys because of the difficulty of getting reliable data on the subject through direct enquiries. However, no obstacles are encountered in ascertaining whether or not a sample household received any income during the last year from cultivation, wage/salaried employment, pension, etc. Such information, though admittedly ineffective in gauging the extent of dependence of the population on particular sources of income, can give a reasonably good idea of differences in the sources of income earned in different regions of the country. If collected at regular intervals, it can also indicate trends in the pattern of income receipts over time. Because of the readiness with which households provide such data and the non-existence of measurement problems, estimates of proportions of households earning income from each source are presumed to be free from non-sampling errors to a large extent. 1.2 Income sources can be classified into income accruing from economic activity and income accruing otherwise. The latter includes income from rent, pension, remittances, interest and dividends. Economic activity includes wage/ salaried employment (regular or casual) and household enterprise. The nine sources considered in this survey were: wage/ salaried employment, three types of enterprise income coming from cultivation, fishing or other agricultural enterprise, and non- agricultural enterprise, and non-gainful incomes, namely, pension, remittances, rent, interest and dividends, and “other sources”. 1.3 Households were also classified in the survey into four or five occupational types and three social groups, and estimates of proportion of households receiving income from any source were generated separately.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rural Poverty in India: Structure, Determinants and Suggestions for Policy Reform
    Rural Poverty in India: Structure, determinants and suggestions for policy reform Raghbendra Jha ABSTRACT Poverty, particularly rural poverty, has been one of the enduring policy challenges in India. Surely the most important objective of the reforms process would have been to make a significant dent on rural poverty. It is from this that a program of accelerated growth must draw its rationale. In this paper, I discuss the evolution of poverty in India – particularly during the reform period. Then I analyze the structure and determinants of this poverty. The rate of decline of poverty declined during the 1990s as compared to the 1980s. I advance some reasons for this. Policy prescriptions for a more effective anti poverty strategy are discussed. All correspondence to: Raghbendra Jha, Australia South Asia Research Centre, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Fax: + 61 2 61250443 Phone: + 61 2 6125 2683 Email: [email protected] 1 I. Introduction This paper addresses the important issue of anti-poverty policy in India. In analyzing poverty I use the well-known NSS data set; hence concentrating on consumption measures of poverty. The poverty measures used in this paper are all drawn from the popular Foster-Greer- Thorbecke class of functions written as: = − α Yα ∑[(z yi ) / z] / n (1) < yi z where Y is the measure of poverty, yi is the consumption of the ith household or the ith class of household, z is the poverty line1, n is the population size, and α is a non-negative parameter. The headcount ratio, HC, given by the percentage of the population who are poor is obtained when α=0.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    WDP32 July1988 Public Disclosure Authorized 32Ez World Bank Discussion Papers Public Disclosure Authorized Tenancyin SouthAsia Public Disclosure Authorized Inderjit Singh ** D 60.3 .Z63 56 988 .2 Public Disclosure Authorized FILECOPY RECENT WORLD BANK DISCUSSION PAPERS No. 1. Public Enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa. John R. Nellis No. 2. Raising School Quality in Developing Countries: What Investments Boost Learning? Bruce Fuller No. 3. A System for Evaluating the Performance of Government-Invested Enterprises in the Republic of Korea. Young C. Park No. 4. Country Commitment to Development Projects. Richard Heaver and Arturo Israel No. 5. Public Expenditure in Latin America: Effects on Poverty. Guy P. Pfeffermann No. 6. Community Participation in Development Projects: The World Bank Experience. Samuel Paul No. 7. International Financial Flows to Brazil since the Late 1960s: An Analysis of Debt Expansion and Payments Problems. Paulo Nogueira Batista, Jr. No. 8. Macroeconomic Policies, Debt Accumulation, and Adjustment in Brazil, 1965-84. Celso L. Martone No. 9. The Safe Motherhood Initiative: Proposals for Action. Barbara Herz and Anthony R. Measham [Also available in French (9F) and Spanish (9S)1 No. 10. Improving Urban Employment and Labor Productivity. Friedrich Kahnert No. 11. Divestiture in Developing Countries. Elliot Berg and Mary M. Shirley No. 12. Economic Growth and the Returns to Investment. Dennis Anderson No. 13. Institutional Development and Technical Assistance in Macroeconomic Policy Formulation: A Case Study of Togo. Sven B. Kjellstrom and Ayite-Fily d'Almeida No. 14. Managing Economic Policy Change; Institutional Dimensions. Geoffrey Lamb No. 15. Dairy Development and Milk Cooperatives: The Effects of a Dairy Project in India.
    [Show full text]
  • Inclusive Growth in India - Learning from Best Practices of Selected Countries
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Aggarwal, Suresh Chand; Satija, Divya; Khan, Shuheb Working Paper Inclusive growth in India - learning from best practices of selected countries Working Paper, No. 375 Provided in Cooperation with: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Suggested Citation: Aggarwal, Suresh Chand; Satija, Divya; Khan, Shuheb (2019) : Inclusive growth in India - learning from best practices of selected countries, Working Paper, No. 375, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/203709 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Geographical Institutions in India
    Governing Council of the Indian Geographical Society President: Prof. N. Sivagnanam Vice Presidents: Dr. B. Hema Malini Dr. Sulochana Shekhar Dr. Smita Bhutani Dr. Subhash Anand Dr. Aravind Mulimani General Secretary: Dr. R. Jaganathan Joint Secretaries: Dr. R. Jagankumar Dr. S. Sanjeevi Prasad Dr. G. Geetha Treasurer: Dr. G. Bhaskaran Council Members: Prof. P.S. Tiwari Dr. M. Sakthivel Dr. V. Emayavaramban Dr. B. Srinagesh Dr. Dhanaraj Gownamani Dr. B. Mahalingam Ms. S. Eswari Member Nominated to the Executive Committee from the Council: Prof. P.S. Tiwari Editor: Prof. K. Kumaraswamy Assistant Editor: Dr. K. Balasubramani Authors, who wish to submit their manuscripts for publication in the Indian Geographical Journal, are most welcome to send them to the Editor only through e-mail: [email protected] Authors of the research articles in the journal are responsible for the views expressed in them and for obtaining permission for copyright materials. For details and downloads visit: www.igschennai.org | geography.unom.ac.in/igs Information to Authors The Indian Geographical Journal is published half-yearly in June and December by The Indian Geographical Society, Chennai. The peer reviewed journal invites manuscripts of original research on any geographical field providing information of importance to geography and related disciplines with an analytical approach. The manuscript should be submitted only through the Editor’s e-mail: [email protected] The manuscript should be strictly ordered as follows: Title page, author(s) name, affiliation, designation, e-mail ID and telephone number, abstract, keywords, text (Introduction, Study Area, Methodology, Results and Discussion, Conclusion), Acknowledgements, References, Tables and Figures.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxation and Investment in India 2018
    Taxation and Investment in India 2018 India Taxation and Investment 2018 1 Contents 1.0 Investment climate 1.1 Business environment 1.2 Currency 1.3 Banking and financing 1.4 Foreign investment 1.5 Tax incentives 1.6 Exchange controls 2.0 Setting up a business 2.1 Principal forms of business entity 2.2 Regulation of business 2.3 Accounting, filing and auditing requirements 3.0 Business taxation 3.1 Overview 3.2 Residence 3.3 Taxable income and rates 3.4 Capital gains taxation 3.5 Double taxation relief 3.6 Anti-avoidance rules 3.7 Administration 3.8 Other taxes on business 4.0 Withholding taxes 4.1 Dividends 4.2 Interest 4.3 Royalties 4.4 Branch remittance tax 4.5 Wage tax/social security contributions 4.6 Other 5.0 Indirect taxes 5.1 Goods and services tax 5.2 Capital tax 5.3 Real estate tax 5.4 Transfer tax 5.5 Stamp duty 5.6 Customs duties 5.7 Environmental taxes 5.8 Other taxes 6.0 Taxes on individuals 6.1 Residence 6.2 Taxable income and rates 6.3 Inheritance and gift tax 6.4 Real property tax 6.5 Social security contributions 6.7 Other taxes 6.8 Compliance 7.0 Labor environment 7.1 Employee rights and remuneration 7.2 Wages and benefits 7.3 Termination of employment 7.4 Labor-management relations 7.5 Employment of foreigners 8.0 Deloitte International Tax Source 9.0 Contact us 1.0 Investment climate 1.1 Business environment India is a federal republic, with 29 states and seven federally administered union territories; the country operates a multi-party parliamentary democracy system.
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL FISHERIES POLICY, 2020 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. the Indian
    NATIONAL FISHERIES POLICY, 2020 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. The Indian fisheries sector is set in a unique and diverse set of resources ranging from the pristine waters of the Himalayas to the sprawling Indian Ocean.The fisheries biodiversity of the country encompasses a wide spectrum of physical and biological components that support the livelihoods of millions of people. Fisheries resources are set in different ecosystems.With growing population and the increasing demand for fish protein, the need for sustainable development of aquatic resources is now felt much more than ever before. To meet the compelling demands and to ensure a growth trajectory that fulfils the requirements of today and leaves an equally better fishery for tomorrow, it is necessary to develop a sound National Fisheries Policy (NFP) framework, which is based on the cardinal principles of equity and equality and adopts a people centric and participatory approach; mainstreams gender,and maintains inter-generational equity. 1.2. The National Fisheries Policy 2020 would offer a strategized way forward to develop, harness, manage and regulate capture and culture fisheries in a responsible and sustainable manner. The Policy will ensure a productive integration with other economic sectors, such as agriculture,coastal area development and eco-tourism, to meet the goals of the ‘Blue Economy’.Whilecenter-state and inter- state cooperation, socio-economic up-liftmen and economic prosperity of fishers and fish farmers’ especially traditional and small-scale fisheries are at the core of the Policy. The Policy mirrors national aspirations and the developmental goals set before the nation. 2. BACKGROUND-FISHERIES SECTOR IN INDIA 2.1 Fisheries are an importantsourceoffood, nutrition, employment and income in India.
    [Show full text]
  • Doing Business Guide India
    Edition No. 1 January 2019 Doing Business Guide India This guide has been produced by the Morison KSi Indian member firms About This for the benefit of their clients and associate offices worldwide who are Guide interested in doing business in India. Its main purpose is to provide a broad overview of the various issues that should be considered by organisations when considering setting up business in India. The information provided cannot be exhaustive and – as underlying legislation and regulations are subject to frequent changes – we recommend anyone considering doing business in India or looking to India as an opportunity for expansion should seek professional advice before making any business or investment decision. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this guide, no responsibility is accepted for its accuracy or completeness. The information in this guide is up to date as at the edition date. For more information, please contact: SCV & Co. LLP Bhuta Shah & Co. LLP www.scvindia.com www.bhutashah.com Sachin Vasudeva Sneha Padhiar [email protected] [email protected] T: +91 11 26499111 T: +91 22 43439172 B-41 Lower Ground Floor 901/902 Regent Chambers Panchsheel Enclave Nariman Point New Delhi 110017 Mumbai 400 021 India India Disclaimer: Morison KSi is a global association of independent professional firms. Professional services are provided by individual member firms. Morison KSi does not provide professional services in its own right. No member firm has liability for the acts or omissions of any other member firm arising from its membership of Morison KSi.
    [Show full text]
  • Bridging Livelihoods and Forest Conservation in Protected Areas: Exploring the Role and Scope of Non-Timber Forest Products
    Bridging Livelihoods and Forest Conservation in Protected Areas: Exploring the role and scope of non-timber forest products Field experience from Satchari National Park, Habiganj, Bangladesh A dissertation paper submitted for the partial fulfillment of B.Sc. (Honors) in Forestry Submitted by Sharif Ahmed Mukul Registration no: 2001631031 Bridging Livelihoods and Forest Conservation in Protected Areas: Exploring the role and scope of non-timber forest products Field experience from Satchari National Park, Habiganj, Bangladesh Research Paper Prepared and Submitted by Sharif Ahmed Mukul Registration no. 2001631031 Department of Forestry School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences Shahjalal University of Science and Technology May, 2007 ii Certification This is to certify that this paper entitled, ‘Bridging Livelihoods and Forest Conservation in Protected Areas: Exploring the role and scope for non-timber forest products’ is an original paper prepared by Registration no. 2001631031 (Session 2001- 02) based on his field study at Satchari National Park, Habiganj, Bangladesh for the partial fulfillment of his B.Sc. (Hons.) in Forestry degree at Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh. He has completed the work under my supervision and I do hereby approve the style and contents of this paper. A.Z.M. Manzoor Rashid Assistant Professor Department of Forestry iii Declaration This is to declare that, it is an original paper prepared by myself based on my one year field investigations at Satchari National Park, Habiganj, Bangladesh; to submit as a requirement for the partial fulfillment of B. Sc. (Hons.) degree in the Department of Forestry at School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
    [Show full text]
  • District Health Society Begusarai
    DISTRICT HEALTH ACTION PLAN 2012-2013 DISTRICT HEALTH SOCIETY BEGUSARAI-1- Foreword This District Health Action Plan (DHAP) is one of the key instruments to achieve NRHM goals. This plan is based on health needs of the district and recognizing the importance of Health in the process of economic and social development and improving the quality of life of our citizens, the Government of India has resolved to launch the National Rural Health Mission to carry out necessary architectural correction in the basic health care delivery system. After a thorough situation analysis of district health scenario this document has been prepared. In the plan, it is addressing health care needs of rural poor especially women and children, the teams have analyzed the coverage of poor women and children with preventive and primitive interventions, barriers in access to health care and spread of human resources catering health needs in the district. The focus has also been given on current availability of health care infrastructure in public/NGO/private sector, availability of wide range of providers. This DHAP has been evolved through a participatory and consultative process, wherein community and other stakeholders have participated and ascertained their specific health needs in villages, problems in accessing health services, especially poor women and children at local level. The goals of the Mission are to improve the availability of and access to quality health care by people, especially for those residing in rural areas, the poor, women and children. I need to congratulate the department of Health and Family Welfare and State Health Society of Bihar for their dynamic leadership of the health sector reform programme and we look forward to a rigorous and analytic documentation of their experiences so that we can learn from them and replicate successful strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment in Healthcare Legal, Regulatory and Tax Overview
    MUMBAI SILICON VALLEY BANGALOR E SINGAPORE MUMBAI BKC NEW DELHI MUNICH N E W Y ORK Investment in Healthcare Legal, Regulatory and Tax Overview May 2020 © Copyright 2020 Nishith Desai Associates www.nishithdesai.com Investment in Healthcare Legal, Regulatory and Tax Overview May 2020 [email protected] DMS Code - 563358,1 © Nishith Desai Associates 2020 Investment in Healthcare Legal, Regulatory and Tax Overview About NDA We are an India Centric Global law firm (www.nishithdesai.com) with four offices in India and the only law firm with license to practice Indian law from our Munich, Singapore, Palo Alto and New York offices. We are a firm of specialists and the go-to firm for companies that want to conduct business in India, navigate its complex business regulations and grow. Over 70% of our clients are foreign multinationals and over 84.5% are repeat clients. Our reputation is well regarded for handling complex high value transactions and cross border litigation; that prestige extends to engaging and mentoring the start-up community that we passionately support and encourage. We also enjoy global recognition for our research with an ability to anticipate and address challenges from a strategic, legal and tax perspective in an integrated way. In fact, the framework and standards for the Asset Management industry within India was pioneered by us in the early 1990s, and we continue to remain respected industry experts. We are a research based law firm and have just set up a first-of-its kind IOT-driven Blue Sky Thinking & Research Campus named Imaginarium AliGunjan (near Mumbai, India), dedicated to exploring the future of law & society.
    [Show full text]
  • 08730-9781451912388.Pdf
    WP/07/221 India: Asset Prices and the Macroeconomy Catriona Purfield © 2007 International Monetary Fund WP/07/221 IMF Working Paper Asia and Pacific Department India: Asset Prices and the Macroeconomy Prepared by Catriona Purfield Authorized for distribution by Charles Kramer September 2007 Abstract This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. This paper examines rising asset prices in India. For the most part, asset prices in India reflect structural factors but the risk of a correction cannot be ruled out. However, at this juncture monetary policy may not be the most effective tool to safeguard financial stability because (i) India’s economy is undergoing rapid structural change making it difficult to identify price misalignments; (ii) the macroeconomic impact of an asset price correction is likely to be small; and (iii) the relationship between monetary policy and asset prices is also weak. Targeted changes in financial regulations are better tools to address potential risks. JEL Classification Numbers: E44, E52, G12 Keywords: Asset prices, monetary policy, wealth effects Author’s E-Mail Address: [email protected] 2 Contents Page I. Introduction..........................................................................................................................3 II. How Significant Are Assets Markets in India?....................................................................3 III. How Are Asset Prices Evolving in India? ...........................................................................6 IV. How Do Asset Prices Impact Macroeconomic Activity? ....................................................8 V.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study on Poverty and Hunger in India
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 4 No 12 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy October 2013 A Study on Poverty and Hunger in India Junofy Anto Rozarina. N. Department of Economics, Central University of Tamilnadu, Thiruvarur, India Doi:10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n12p147 Abstract Poverty is not simply a lack of adequate income. It is a social phenomenon in which a section of a society is unable to fulfil even its basic necessities of life. Even with more than a thousand analysis and hundreds of programs to alleviate poverty, the level of poverty has not decreased up to the mark in the world. India is continuing to face this issue in spite of its development in many areas of operation. Article 25 (1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of United Nations1 states that “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services”. This right is further reaffirmed in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. But this basic right is not conferred on many people. The Human Development Indicator shows that India stands in the 136th position among 186 countries with an index of 0.554 and is in the lowest ebb of the Medium Human Development. Hence this paper intends to study the intensity of poverty and hunger in India by appraising the indices like Global Hunger Index, Below Poverty Line Index and Multidimensional Poverty Index calculated by various global institutions.
    [Show full text]