Development of Geographical Institutions in India
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Governing Council of the Indian Geographical Society President: Prof. N. Sivagnanam Vice Presidents: Dr. B. Hema Malini Dr. Sulochana Shekhar Dr. Smita Bhutani Dr. Subhash Anand Dr. Aravind Mulimani General Secretary: Dr. R. Jaganathan Joint Secretaries: Dr. R. Jagankumar Dr. S. Sanjeevi Prasad Dr. G. Geetha Treasurer: Dr. G. Bhaskaran Council Members: Prof. P.S. Tiwari Dr. M. Sakthivel Dr. V. Emayavaramban Dr. B. Srinagesh Dr. Dhanaraj Gownamani Dr. B. Mahalingam Ms. S. Eswari Member Nominated to the Executive Committee from the Council: Prof. P.S. Tiwari Editor: Prof. K. Kumaraswamy Assistant Editor: Dr. K. Balasubramani Authors, who wish to submit their manuscripts for publication in the Indian Geographical Journal, are most welcome to send them to the Editor only through e-mail: [email protected] Authors of the research articles in the journal are responsible for the views expressed in them and for obtaining permission for copyright materials. For details and downloads visit: www.igschennai.org | geography.unom.ac.in/igs Information to Authors The Indian Geographical Journal is published half-yearly in June and December by The Indian Geographical Society, Chennai. The peer reviewed journal invites manuscripts of original research on any geographical field providing information of importance to geography and related disciplines with an analytical approach. The manuscript should be submitted only through the Editor’s e-mail: [email protected] The manuscript should be strictly ordered as follows: Title page, author(s) name, affiliation, designation, e-mail ID and telephone number, abstract, keywords, text (Introduction, Study Area, Methodology, Results and Discussion, Conclusion), Acknowledgements, References, Tables and Figures. You may refer IGS website (www.igschennai.org | geography.unom.ac.in/igs) for reference. The title should be brief, specific and amenable to indexing. 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For details and downloads visit: www.igschennai.org | geography.unom.ac.in/igs The Indian Geographical Journal Contents Page Volume - 95 Number - 1 June, 2020 No. Solid Waste Management: A Case Study of Hyderabad - Kalpana Markandey 1-21 Geospatial Based Cross-Examination of Deforestation, Groundwater and Desertification 22-34 Process - The Situation in the Gundlupet Taluk, Karnataka, India - Arun Das S., Umakanth, Sushanth Sawant, Koichi Kimoto, Chandrashekara Y.P., Harsha B.S. and Venugopal The Relation of Happiness and Life Satisfaction with Income Over Space and Time in 35-61 India: Subjective Well-Being Within, Between and Across States - Lakshmanasamy T. The Urban Challenge: Provisioning of Basic Services in Notified and Non-Notified Slums 62-75 of India - Anuradha Banerjee, Joydeep Saha and Dinabandhu Mondal GIS Based Spatial Access to Pediatrician Services - A Case Study of Selected Municipal 76-87 Circles of Hyderabad - Srikanth Katta Population Trends in Mangrove Forest in the Godavari Delta, East Coast of India 88-94 - Hema Malini B., Demudu G., Ananda Ratna Kumar K. and Nageswara Rao K. Composite Indicators in Evaluating the Patterns of Regional Development in Kongu 95-110 Uplands, Tamil Nadu, India - Jasim H.R. and Kumaraswamy K. Assessment of Land Degradation Through Geospatial Technology in Kodavanar 111-122 Watershed, a Part of Amaravathi Basin, Tamil Nadu - Prawin B. and Masilamani P. Mapping the Management Practices of Domestic E-Waste: A Case Study of West Delhi - 123-135 Shitika Bhatia, Subhash Anand, Virendra Nagarale and Om Jee Ranjan Spatial Analysis of Crimes in Tiruchirappalli City, Tamil Nadu - Mary Santhi P. and 136-146 Balaselvakumar S. Reviews The Vulnerable Andaman and Nicobar Islands - A Study of Disasters and Responses 147-150 (Punam Tripathi) - Srikumar Chattopadyay Mapping Place Names of India (Anu Kapur) - Nagaraj H. 151-153 Archives An Appeal to the Universities of India for Considering the Position of Geography as a Science (Volume XVI, 1941, pp.33-41) 154 -164 Advertisement in the Journal (Volume XVI, 1941, p.115) News and Notes (Volume XVI, 1941, pp.105-108) News and Notes Results of 10th IGS Talent Test - 2020 165 Announcement of IGS National Online Meet on Development of Geographical 166-168 Institutions in India, 4-7, September 2020 The Indian Geographical Journal Volume 95 (1) June - 2020, pp 1-21 ISSN 0019-4824 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF HYDERABAD Kalpana Markandey Department of Geography, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract With increasing urbanization, the amount of solid waste generated is multiplying multifold. The type of waste also reflects the level of development of the society and its cultural attainment. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is produced from residential, commercial, industrial and institutional activities. The proportion of waste production is an indicator of socio-economic affluence of the area. Higher standards of living lead to higher consumption and greater generation of waste. The solid waste generated and its composition is impacted by socioeconomic factors like the average family size, number of rooms, monthly income, and employment status. This paper is an attempt at examining the solid waste generation scenario in Hyderabad vis a vis other city of the world or the average Indian situation. It has been found that larger families generate less solid waste compared to smaller ones. The work of the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) is examined in handling the solid waste. The municipal solid waste is examined over a temporal perspective, Waste composition, physical characteristics of waste, capacity of transfer stations, weight of garbage and waste generated per head per locality are studied as also the disposal of solid waste and loss of Municipal solid waste. Keywords: Municipal solid waste , Waste composition, Characteristics of waste, Transfer stations, Waste generated per head Introduction Urbanisation, industrialization and a consumer-oriented society lead to rising levels of Solid Waste generation. With increasing urbanization, the amount of solid waste generated is multiplying multifold. The type of waste also reflects the level of development of the society and its cultural attainment. 'Waste characteristics vary according to season, income level, population, social behaviour, climate, and industrial production, the size of markets for waste materials and the extent of urbanization, effectiveness of recycling, and work reduction' (10). Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is produced from residential, commercial, industrial and institutional activities. The proportion of waste production is an indicator of socio-economic affluence of the area. Higher standards of living lead to higher consumption and greater generation of waste. The composition of the waste is also a reflection of the economy of the area that generates the waste. 1 Kalpana Markandey The Indian Geographical Journal, 95 (1) June - 2020 The solid waste generated and its composition is impacted by socioeconomic factors like the average family size, number of rooms, monthly income, and employment status. 'It was also reported that there is a direct relation between the solid waste composition and the social activities in the community. In addition, other factors including change in the source-sorting behaviour and consumption of goods are among other factors affecting the composition of the solid waste and the quantity in households. Socio-cultural, economic, legal, political and environmental factors as well as the available resources are the main issues that affect the MSW management in all countries' (5). 'Waste management is one of the priority issues concerning protection of the environment and conservation of natural resources' (1). In 2002 there were 2.9 billion urban residents in the world who created about 0.64 kg of municipal solid waste (MSW) per person per day (0.68 billion tonnes per year). By 2012 there were about 3 billion inhabitants producing 1.2 kg waste per person per day (1.3 billion tonnes per year). By 2025 this is likely to increase to 4.3 billion urban inhabitants producing about 1.42 kg/capita/day of municipal solid waste (2.2 billion tonnes per year) (4). In China, for instance, municipal solid waste increased from 31.3 million tonnes in 1980 to 212 million tonnes in 2006. The rate of generation increased from 0.50 kg/ capita/day in 1980 to 0.98 kg/capita/year in 2006 (2). In Malaysia the per capita solid waste generation is 0.5 to 0.8 kg/person/day in which domestic waste is the main source; it has increased to 1.7 kg/person/day in major cities by 2003 (7).