Learning and Identity: What Does It Mean to Be a Half-Elf?
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The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence Upon J. R. R. Tolkien
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2007 The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. Tolkien Kelvin Lee Massey University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Massey, Kelvin Lee, "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2007. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/238 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in English. David F. Goslee, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Heffernan, Michael Lofaro, Robert Bast Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled “The Roots of Middle-earth: William Morris’s Influence upon J. -
Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc Anderson Rearick Mount Vernon Nazarene University
Inklings Forever Volume 4 A Collection of Essays Presented at the Fourth Frances White Ewbank Colloquium on C.S. Article 10 Lewis & Friends 3-2004 Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc Anderson Rearick Mount Vernon Nazarene University Follow this and additional works at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Rearick, Anderson (2004) "Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc," Inklings Forever: Vol. 4 , Article 10. Available at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever/vol4/iss1/10 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for the Study of C.S. Lewis & Friends at Pillars at Taylor University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Inklings Forever by an authorized editor of Pillars at Taylor University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INKLINGS FOREVER, Volume IV A Collection of Essays Presented at The Fourth FRANCES WHITE EWBANK COLLOQUIUM ON C.S. LEWIS & FRIENDS Taylor University 2004 Upland, Indiana Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc? Anderson Rearick, III Mount Vernon Nazarene University Rearick, Anderson. “Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc?” Inklings Forever 4 (2004) www.taylor.edu/cslewis 1 Why is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc? Anderson M. Rearick, III The Dark Face of Racism Examined in Tolkien’s themselves out of sync with most of their peers, thus World1 underscoring the fact that Tolkien’s work has up until recently been the private domain of a select audience, In Jonathan Coe’s novel, The Rotters’ Club, a an audience who by their very nature may have confrontation takes place between two characters over inhibited serious critical examinations of Tolkien’s what one sees as racist elements in Tolkien’s Lord of work. -
Small Renaissances Engendered in JRR Tolkien's Legendarium
Eastern Michigan University DigitalCommons@EMU Senior Honors Theses Honors College 2017 'A Merrier World:' Small Renaissances Engendered in J. R. R. Tolkien's Legendarium Dominic DiCarlo Meo Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.emich.edu/honors Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Meo, Dominic DiCarlo, "'A Merrier World:' Small Renaissances Engendered in J. R. R. Tolkien's Legendarium" (2017). Senior Honors Theses. 555. http://commons.emich.edu/honors/555 This Open Access Senior Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at DigitalCommons@EMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@EMU. For more information, please contact lib- [email protected]. 'A Merrier World:' Small Renaissances Engendered in J. R. R. Tolkien's Legendarium Abstract After surviving the trenches of World War I when many of his friends did not, Tolkien continued as the rest of the world did: moving, growing, and developing, putting the darkness of war behind. He had children, taught at the collegiate level, wrote, researched. Then another Great War knocked on the global door. His sons marched off, and Britain was again consumed. The "War to End All Wars" was repeating itself and nothing was for certain. In such extended dark times, J. R. R. Tolkien drew on what he knew-language, philology, myth, and human rights-peering back in history to the mythologies and legends of old while igniting small movements in modern thought. Arthurian, Beowulfian, African, and Egyptian myths all formed a bedrock for his Legendarium, and fantasy-fiction as we now know it was rejuvenated.Just like the artists, authors, and thinkers from the Late Medieval period, Tolkien summoned old thoughts to craft new creations that would cement themselves in history forever. -
Gandalf: One Wizard to Lead Them, One to Find Them, One to Bring Them And, Despite the Darkness, Unite Them
Mythmoot III: Ever On Proceedings of the 3rd Mythgard Institute Mythmoot BWI Marriott, Linthicum, Maryland January 10-11, 2015 Gandalf: One Wizard to lead them, one to find them, one to bring them and, despite the darkness, unite them. Alex Gunn Middle Earth is a wonderful but strangely familiar place. The Hobbits, Elves, Men and other peoples who live in caves, forests, mountain ranges and stone cities, are all combined by Tolkien to create a fantasy world which is full of wonder, beauty and magic. However, looking past these fantastical elements, we can see that Middle Earth has many similarities to the society in which we live. The different races of Middle Earth have distinct and deep differences and often keep themselves separate from one another because of mutual distrust or dislike. Due to these divisions, only one person, one who does not belong to any particular race or people, can unite them for the coming war: Gandalf the Wizard who embodies the qualities needed to be an effective leader in our world. As Sue Kim points out in her book Beyond black and White: Race and Postmodernism in Lord of the Rings, Tolkien himself declared that, “the desire to converse with other living things is one of the great allurements of fantasy” (Kim 555). Given this belief, it is no surprise that Tolkien,‘fills his imagined worlds with a plethora of intelligent non human races and exotic ethnicities, all changing over time: Elves, Dwarves, Men, Hobbits, Ents, Trolls, Orcs, Wild Men, talking beasts and embodied spirits’ (Kim 555). This plethora, as Kim puts it, makes Gandalf an important literary tool for Tolkien because to believe that such a varied mix of people, creatures, races and ethnicities live in complete harmony would feel false and perhaps too convenient. -
Rulesheet-The-Blood-Of-Gondor.Pdf
TM Difficulty Level = 6 fallen face and sat for a moment. He rose slowly, In a great victory for Gondor, the city of Osgiliath has carefully eying the road and surrounding terrain. No been retaken and the river Anduin is once more under the enemy had been seen since the evening before, a fact Steward’s control. Alongside the Lords Boromir, Faramir, that troubled him. Above, grey clouds pressed close, and Alcaron, the heroes fought bravely to recapture the and a light rain had begun to fall. In the late afternoon ancient city. light, the forest seemed to have lost its color; ashen and sullen it seemed to watch their every movement in the With the defeated forces of orcs and evil men retreating exposed space. eastward, Lord Alcaron had urged Boromir to pursue the scattered enemy. “Don’t let a single one of them return to Then a look of decision crossed Faramir’s face, and foul the Pelennor again!” Alcaron pleaded. “We should he thoughtfully returned to the company. “We’ve taken hunt them. Pursue them until their black bones break on this folly far enough,” he said. “There is an unkind the mountains.” Flush with the confidence of victory change in the forest.” He paused a moment, glancing and swayed by the nobleman’s passion, Boromir agreed into the trees. “The lands so near to the Morgul Valley and asked his brother to take on this endeavor with his have been under His sway for too long. It’s unsafe to rangers. Faramir reluctantly consented. proceed.” Alcaron moved to protest, but Faramir would not abide. -
A Study of Musical Affect in Howard Shore's Soundtrack to Lord of the Rings
PROJECTING TOLKIEN'S MUSICAL WORLDS: A STUDY OF MUSICAL AFFECT IN HOWARD SHORE'S SOUNDTRACK TO LORD OF THE RINGS Matthew David Young A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF MUSIC IN MUSIC THEORY May 2007 Committee: Per F. Broman, Advisor Nora A. Engebretsen © 2007 Matthew David Young All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Per F. Broman, Advisor In their book Ten Little Title Tunes: Towards a Musicology of the Mass Media, Philip Tagg and Bob Clarida build on Tagg’s previous efforts to define the musical affect of popular music. By breaking down a musical example into minimal units of musical meaning (called musemes), and comparing those units to other musical examples possessing sociomusical connotations, Tagg demonstrated a transfer of musical affect from the music possessing sociomusical connotations to the object of analysis. While Tagg’s studies have focused mostly on television music, this document expands his techniques in an attempt to analyze the musical affect of Howard Shore’s score to Peter Jackson’s film adaptation of The Lord of the Rings Trilogy. This thesis studies the ability of Shore’s film score not only to accompany the events occurring on-screen, but also to provide the audience with cultural and emotional information pertinent to character and story development. After a brief discussion of J.R.R. Tolkien’s description of the cultures, poetry, and music traits of the inhabitants found in Middle-earth, this document dissects the thematic material of Shore’s film score. -
The History of Middle-Earth: from a Mythology for England to a Recovery of the Real Earth Christopher Garbowski
Analysis The History of Middle-earth: from a Mythology for England to a Recovery of the Real Earth Christopher Garbowski ne of J.R.R. Tolkien's great Parallels with the pro joined with the fortunes and mis Oambitions was to have The fortunes of the elves, in their Lord of the Rings and The Silmar- cess of myth creation combined struggle with Sauron, illion published together. This in found in the work of for the remainder of the Second fact delayed the publication of the contemporary philoso Age. After their costly self- former, since Allen & Unwin, satisfaction with apparent victory, who had originally instigated the phers the struggle resumes for the full trilogy and were willing to risk extent of the Third Age, wherein the publication of this unusual are set The Hobbit and The Lord book, were not surprisingly un conflagration with Morgoth are o f the Rings. The former was prepared for the additional publi rewarded with an Eden-like is independently conceived, but cation of what seemed to be an land residence set between the turned out to be essential in the altogether obscure work. In an “uttermost West” - Valinor, the history of Middle-earth: undated letter (probably from late residence of the Valar - and As the high Legends o f the begin 1951) to Milton Waldman, a dif Middle-earth, while the elves ning are supposed to look at ferent potential publisher, the au who do not leave Middle-earth things through Elvish minds, so thor presented a vision of his exercise a kind of ‘antiquarian the middle tale o f the Hobbits mythology. -
Treasures of Middle Earth
T M TREASURES OF MIDDLE-EARTH CONTENTS FOREWORD 5.0 CREATORS..............................................................................105 5.1 Eru and the Ainur.............................................................. 105 PART ONE 5.11 The Valar.....................................................................105 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................ 2 5.12 The Maiar....................................................................106 2.0 USING TREASURES OF MIDDLE EARTH............................ 2 5.13 The Istari .....................................................................106 5.2 The Free Peoples ...............................................................107 3.0 GUIDELINES................................................................................ 3 5.21 Dwarves ...................................................................... 107 3.1 Abbreviations........................................................................ 3 5.22 Elves ............................................................................ 109 3.2 Definitions.............................................................................. 3 5.23 Ents .............................................................................. 111 3.3 Converting Statistics ............................................................ 4 5.24 Hobbits........................................................................ 111 3.31 Converting Hits and Bonuses...................................... 4 5.25 -
The Journal of the Tolkien Society
Issue 50 • Autumn 2010 MallornThe Journal of the Tolkien Society Mallorn The Journal of the Tolkien Society Issue 50 • Autumn 2010 Editor: Henry Gee editorial Production & 4 Marcel Bülles looks to the future of Tolkien fandom design: Colin Sullivan letters Cover art: Lorenzo Daniele 7 Alex Lewis & Elizabeth Curie go back to the source Inside pages: Ruth Lacon (p. 2), Jef Murray (pp. 6, 7, reviews 25, 39, 48, 50, 52), Phyllis 8 Lynn Forest-Hill on Elves in Anglo-Saxon England Berka (p. 10), John Gilbey 9 Mike Foster on The Inheritance (pp. 14, 40, 44, 46), Colin 11 Chad Chisholm on Up Williams (p. 20), Teresa 13 Roberto Arduini & Claudio Testi on Tolkien and Philosophy Kirkpatrick (p. 47), Lorenzo Daniele (p. 51) commentary 15 Charles E Noad The Tolkien Society — the early days 26 Maggie Burns ‘… A local habitation and a name …’ Mallorn © The Tolkien 31 Simon Barrow The magic of fantasy: the traditional, the original and the Society. Printed and wonderful distributed by The Printed 34 Chad Chisholm The wizard and the rhetor: rhetoric and the ethos of Word, 7–9 Newhouse Middle-earth in The Hobbit Business Centre, Old 37 Vanessa Phillips-Zur-Linden Arwen and Edward: redemption and the fairy Crawley Road, Horsham bride/groom in the literary fairytale RH12 4RU, UK. interview 42 Mike Foster talks to Simon Tolkien poetry 46 Lynn Forest-Hill The Long Watch 46 Anne Forbes The Path To The Sea 46 Anne Forbes The End Of The Summer 47 Teresa Kirkpatrick Tuor And Ulmo fiction 48 Julia Fenton Blasphemy well, I’m back 50 Paul H Vigor takes a closer look at Thror’s map Mallorn is the Journal of the Tolkien Society, and appears twice a year, in the Spring (copy deadline 25 December) and Autumn (21 June). -
Saruman of Many Colors
University of Iceland School of Humanities Departement of English Saruman of Many Colors A Hero of Liberal Pragmatism B.A. Essay Elfar Andri Aðalsteinsson Kt.: 1508922369 Supervisor: Matthew Whelpton May 2017 ABSTRACT This essay explores the role of the wizard Saruman the White in The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien, and challenges the common conception that Saruman is a villain, instead arguing that Saruman is a hero espousing the values of liberal pragmatism. The policy goals and implicit values of Saruman are contested with his peer and ultimately opponent, Gandalf the Grey, later the White. Both wizards attempt to defeat Sauron but, where Saruman considers new methods, such as recruting the orcs, Gandalf is stuck in old methods and prejudices, as he is unwilling look for new races to recruit. Both wizards construct alliances to accomplish their goals but the racial composition of these alliances can be used to see the wizards in a new light. While Gandalf offers a conventional alliance of “the free” races of Middle Earth (Elves Dwarves, Men. Hobbits and Ents), Saruman can be seen as uniting the marginalised and down-trodden people and races, under a common banner with a common goal. In particular, Saruman brings enemies together into a strong functioning whole, showing that orcs and men can work and prosper together. Gandalf’s blinkered conservatism and Saruman’s pragmatic embrace of diversity are reflected symbolically in the symbolism of white and the rainbow of many colors. After examining all these points it becomes clear that Saruman the White is not the villain that he is assumed to be by Gandalf the Grey, later the White, and his followers in Middle Earth. -
Of Elves and Men Simon J
Journal of Tolkien Research Volume 3 | Issue 1 Article 1 2016 Fantasy Incarnate: Of Elves and Men Simon J. Cook Dr. None, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch Part of the Esthetics Commons, Intellectual History Commons, and the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Cook, Simon J. Dr. (2016) "Fantasy Incarnate: Of Elves and Men," Journal of Tolkien Research: Vol. 3: Iss. 1, Article 1. Available at: http://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch/vol3/iss1/1 This Peer-Reviewed Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Library Services at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Tolkien Research by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Cook: Fantasy Incarnate Fantasy Incarnate: Of Elves and Men Introduction The following essay arises out of sustained engagement with the section of J.R.R. Tolkien’s On Fairy Stories entitled ‘Origins’. This section is dense, often elliptical, sometimes cryptic, with depths that have yet to be plumbed. It defies easy exegesis. My attempt to understand the ideas behind the text have led me far afield – into other sections of the essay, into other writings by Tolkien, and into works by other scholars which, in varying degrees, illuminate Tolkien’s thought. I have yet to exhaust this material and more remains to be said. What fruit I now present from my exegetical labour boils down to two claims: that loss of historical memory plays a vital role in Tolkien’s account of mythology, and that the notion of incarnation provides a key to his conception of fantasy.1 The essay consists of four main sections. -
Half Dark Elf Constantly They Would Maneuver to Gain Power and Influence Over Their Rivals
each of which acted as an Empire unto itself. Half Dark Elf Constantly they would maneuver to gain power and influence over their rivals. Nary a day would Playing Difficulty: Extremely High pass where there was not a battle between houses, Relation to other Races: Hated either Political or Martial. Nothing was off limits and assassinations were common. Overview Occasionally, one house would eliminate another. Half dark elves are true outcasts, descended from Rarely would there be any survivors, but those two races but wanted by neither. Full Dark Elves there were would be forced into hiding or taken scorn you as a half-breed or abomination, while as slaves. Mercy and forgiveness are not words in surface races do not see the difference between the Dark Elven language. you and your full-blooded cousins, whom they Dark Elves had a near fanatical dedication to fear and despise. Loved by none and hated by their House, only topped by their desire for almost everyone, Half Dark Elves truly have their purity of their race. While they would readily work cut out for them. wage war on other Dark Elves for power, profit Dark Elf History or revenge none would ever abide the existence of Dark Elves are arrogant, violent, and intolerant. a Half Dark Elf. One of the strongest curses in Half-Dark Elves may emulate Dark Elf behavior, the Dark Elf language is “Slagath” which loosely or they may try to reject it, but arrogance and translated means “Half-Breed.” Often, when violence are in their blood, and all Half Dark called this, an otherwise completely calm Dark Elves find the traits difficult to shake.