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The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence Upon J. R. R. Tolkien
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2007 The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. Tolkien Kelvin Lee Massey University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Massey, Kelvin Lee, "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2007. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/238 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in English. David F. Goslee, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Heffernan, Michael Lofaro, Robert Bast Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled “The Roots of Middle-earth: William Morris’s Influence upon J. -
ARMIES of the HOBBIT Designer’S Commentary, February 2021
ARMIES OF THE HOBBIT Designer’s Commentary, February 2021 The following commentary is intended to complement the A note on the Allies Matrix: We have had a few questions Armies of The Hobbit. It is presented as a series of questions asking us about the levels of alliance presented in the Allies and answers; the questions are based on ones that have Matrix; ‘should this army be Historical with this one?’, or been asked by players, and the answers are provided by the ‘why isn’t X Historical Allies with Y?’. rules writing team and explain how the rules are intended to be used. The commentaries help provide a default When we developed the Allies Matrix we spent a lot of time setting for your games, but players should always feel free working out timelines, deciding what timelines each Army to discuss the rules before a game, and change things as List represents, and cross referencing these to give the final they see fit if they both want to do so (changes like this are Allies Matrix. usually referred to as ‘house rules’). Historical Allies represent those that actually fought together, Our commentaries are updated regularly; when changes not just co-existed. So, for example, the reason that The are made, any changes from the previous version will be Fellowship are not Historical Allies with the Dead of highlighted in magenta. Where the stated update has a Dunharrow is simply because the Fellowship had been broken note, e.g. ‘Regional update’, this means it has had a local before the Dead were recruited by Aragorn, and so they did update, only in that language, to clarify a translation issue not fight alongside each other. -
Health & Safety Handout for Education Abroad Programs
Health & Safety Handout for Education Abroad Programs Program Name: There and Back Again: Experiencing the Cultural and Political Environment of Middle Earth Countries/Cities to be visited during program (overnight stays): Middle Earth Westlands (overnight stays in bold): - Gondor (including Minas Tirith and Osgiliath); - Rohan (including Helms Deep and Edoras) - Eriador (including The Shire, Bree, Rivendell, Moria) The EAO encourages students to take responsibility for their own safety and security by carefully reading the information, advice, and resources provided, including the following websites: CDC Website (Health Information for Travelers): Gondor: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/gondor Eriador: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/eriador Rohan: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/rohan State Department Website (International Travel Information): Gondor: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/gondor.html Eriador: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/eriador.html Rohan: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/rohan.html Students Abroad: http://studentsabroad.state.gov/smarttravel.php Traveling with Disabilities: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/disabilities.html LGBT Travel Information: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/lgbt.html You should be up to date on routine vaccinations while traveling to any destination. Some additional vaccines may also be required for travel. Routine vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus- pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot. The CDC may also recommend additional vaccines or medications depending on where and when you are traveling. Please consult with your doctor/medical professional if you have questions or concerns regarding which vaccines/medicines are right for you. -
Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc Anderson Rearick Mount Vernon Nazarene University
Inklings Forever Volume 4 A Collection of Essays Presented at the Fourth Frances White Ewbank Colloquium on C.S. Article 10 Lewis & Friends 3-2004 Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc Anderson Rearick Mount Vernon Nazarene University Follow this and additional works at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Rearick, Anderson (2004) "Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc," Inklings Forever: Vol. 4 , Article 10. Available at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever/vol4/iss1/10 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for the Study of C.S. Lewis & Friends at Pillars at Taylor University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Inklings Forever by an authorized editor of Pillars at Taylor University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INKLINGS FOREVER, Volume IV A Collection of Essays Presented at The Fourth FRANCES WHITE EWBANK COLLOQUIUM ON C.S. LEWIS & FRIENDS Taylor University 2004 Upland, Indiana Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc? Anderson Rearick, III Mount Vernon Nazarene University Rearick, Anderson. “Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc?” Inklings Forever 4 (2004) www.taylor.edu/cslewis 1 Why is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc? Anderson M. Rearick, III The Dark Face of Racism Examined in Tolkien’s themselves out of sync with most of their peers, thus World1 underscoring the fact that Tolkien’s work has up until recently been the private domain of a select audience, In Jonathan Coe’s novel, The Rotters’ Club, a an audience who by their very nature may have confrontation takes place between two characters over inhibited serious critical examinations of Tolkien’s what one sees as racist elements in Tolkien’s Lord of work. -
Tolkien's Creative Technique: <I>Beowulf</I> and <I>The Hobbit</I>
Volume 15 Number 3 Article 1 Spring 3-15-1989 Tolkien's Creative Technique: Beowulf and The Hobbit Bonniejean Christensen Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Christensen, Bonniejean (1989) "Tolkien's Creative Technique: Beowulf and The Hobbit," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 15 : No. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol15/iss3/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract Asserts that “The Hobbit, differing greatly in tone, is nonetheless a retelling of the incidents that comprise the plot and the digressions in both parts of Beowulf.” However, his retelling is from a Christian point of view. Additional Keywords Beowulf—Influence on The Hobbit; olkien,T J.R.R. -
Norse Monstrosities in the Monstrous World of J.R.R. Tolkien
Norse Monstrosities in the Monstrous World of J.R.R. Tolkien Robin Veenman BA Thesis Tilburg University 18/06/2019 Supervisor: David Janssens Second reader: Sander Bax Abstract The work of J.R.R. Tolkien appears to resemble various aspects from Norse mythology and the Norse sagas. While many have researched these resemblances, few have done so specifically on the dark side of Tolkien’s work. Since Tolkien himself was fascinated with the dark side of literature and was of the opinion that monsters served an essential role within a story, I argue that both the monsters and Tolkien’s attraction to Norse mythology and sagas are essential phenomena within his work. Table of Contents Abstract Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 Chapter one: Tolkien’s Fascination with Norse mythology 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 Humphrey Carpenter: Tolkien’s Biographer 8 1.3 Concrete Examples From Jakobsson and Shippey 9 1.4 St. Clair: an Overview 10 1.5 Kuseela’s Theory on Gandalf 11 1.6 Chapter Overview 12 Chapter two: The monsters Compared: Midgard vs Middle-earth 14 2.1 Introduction 14 2.2 Dragons 15 2.3 Dwarves 19 2.4 Orcs 23 2.5 Wargs 28 2.6 Wights 30 2.7 Trolls 34 2.8 Chapter Conclusion 38 Chapter three: The Meaning of Monsters 41 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 The Dark Side of Literature 42 3.3 A Horrifically Human Fascination 43 3.4 Demonstrare: the Applicability of Monsters 49 3.5 Chapter Conclusion 53 Chapter four: The 20th Century and the Northern Warrior-Ethos in Middle-earth 55 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 An Author of His Century 57 4.3 Norse Warrior-Ethos 60 4.4 Chapter Conclusion 63 Discussion 65 Conclusion 68 Bibliography 71 2 Acknowledgements First and foremost I have to thank the person who is evidently at the start of most thesis acknowledgements -for I could not have done this without him-: my supervisor. -
A Study of Musical Affect in Howard Shore's Soundtrack to Lord of the Rings
PROJECTING TOLKIEN'S MUSICAL WORLDS: A STUDY OF MUSICAL AFFECT IN HOWARD SHORE'S SOUNDTRACK TO LORD OF THE RINGS Matthew David Young A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF MUSIC IN MUSIC THEORY May 2007 Committee: Per F. Broman, Advisor Nora A. Engebretsen © 2007 Matthew David Young All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Per F. Broman, Advisor In their book Ten Little Title Tunes: Towards a Musicology of the Mass Media, Philip Tagg and Bob Clarida build on Tagg’s previous efforts to define the musical affect of popular music. By breaking down a musical example into minimal units of musical meaning (called musemes), and comparing those units to other musical examples possessing sociomusical connotations, Tagg demonstrated a transfer of musical affect from the music possessing sociomusical connotations to the object of analysis. While Tagg’s studies have focused mostly on television music, this document expands his techniques in an attempt to analyze the musical affect of Howard Shore’s score to Peter Jackson’s film adaptation of The Lord of the Rings Trilogy. This thesis studies the ability of Shore’s film score not only to accompany the events occurring on-screen, but also to provide the audience with cultural and emotional information pertinent to character and story development. After a brief discussion of J.R.R. Tolkien’s description of the cultures, poetry, and music traits of the inhabitants found in Middle-earth, this document dissects the thematic material of Shore’s film score. -
The Geology of Middle-Earth
Volume 21 Number 2 Article 50 Winter 10-15-1996 The Geology of Middle-earth William Antony Swithin Sarjeant Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Sarjeant, William Antony Swithin (1996) "The Geology of Middle-earth," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 21 : No. 2 , Article 50. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol21/iss2/50 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract A preliminary reconstruction of the geology of Middle-earth is attempted, utilizing data presented in text, maps and illustrations by its arch-explorer J.R.R. Tolkien. The tectonic reconstruction is developed from earlier findings yb R.C. Reynolds (1974). Six plates are now recognized, whose motions and collisions have created the mountains of Middle-earth and the rift structure down which the River Anduin flows. -
The History of Middle-Earth: from a Mythology for England to a Recovery of the Real Earth Christopher Garbowski
Analysis The History of Middle-earth: from a Mythology for England to a Recovery of the Real Earth Christopher Garbowski ne of J.R.R. Tolkien's great Parallels with the pro joined with the fortunes and mis Oambitions was to have The fortunes of the elves, in their Lord of the Rings and The Silmar- cess of myth creation combined struggle with Sauron, illion published together. This in found in the work of for the remainder of the Second fact delayed the publication of the contemporary philoso Age. After their costly self- former, since Allen & Unwin, satisfaction with apparent victory, who had originally instigated the phers the struggle resumes for the full trilogy and were willing to risk extent of the Third Age, wherein the publication of this unusual are set The Hobbit and The Lord book, were not surprisingly un conflagration with Morgoth are o f the Rings. The former was prepared for the additional publi rewarded with an Eden-like is independently conceived, but cation of what seemed to be an land residence set between the turned out to be essential in the altogether obscure work. In an “uttermost West” - Valinor, the history of Middle-earth: undated letter (probably from late residence of the Valar - and As the high Legends o f the begin 1951) to Milton Waldman, a dif Middle-earth, while the elves ning are supposed to look at ferent potential publisher, the au who do not leave Middle-earth things through Elvish minds, so thor presented a vision of his exercise a kind of ‘antiquarian the middle tale o f the Hobbits mythology. -
Tracing Tolkien's Sources of Inspiration
Grado en Lengua y Literatura Inglesas Trabajo de Fin de Grado Tracing Tolkien’s Sources of Inspiration: Adventure, History and British Culture in His Major Works Alumna: Directora: Ana Martínez Velasco Manuela Palacios González Santiago de Compostela Curso académico 2018/2019 UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO OE COMPOSTELA FACULTADE DE FILOLOX[A unv ''" ) [ - 5 i\U . t. ,J u FACULTADE DE FILOLOXÍA ENTRADA N~..... ............................... CUBRIR ESTE FORMULARIO ELECTRONICAMENTE Formulario de delimitación de título e resumo Trabal lo de Fin de Grao curso 2018/2019 ,- APELIDOS E NOME: Martínez Velasco, Ana GRAO EN: Lengua y Literatura Inglesas (NOCASO DE MODERNAS) MENCIÓN EN: - - TITOR/A: Manuela Palacios González LIÑA TEMÁTICA ASIGNADA: Literatura y cultura británica e irlandesa SOLICITO a aprobación do seguinte título e resumo: Título: Tracing To lkien's Sources of lnspiration: Adventure, History and British Culture in His Majar Works. Resumo [na lingua en que se vai redactar o TFG; entre 1000 e 2000 caracteres]: The objective of this project will be to identify the m a in sources that inspired John R. R. Tolkien to write his work the way he did. This dissertation will be divided into two main parts: one dealing with the author's life and the socio-historical context he lived in, with a focus on his views on war, religion and ecology and how these aspects are represented in his work, as he participated in the First World War and was a re ligious man and an ecologist. Another part will deal with the literary influences he received, such as Arthuric legends, Norse cu lture, European mythology and other related contents he used. -
Treasures of Middle Earth
T M TREASURES OF MIDDLE-EARTH CONTENTS FOREWORD 5.0 CREATORS..............................................................................105 5.1 Eru and the Ainur.............................................................. 105 PART ONE 5.11 The Valar.....................................................................105 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................ 2 5.12 The Maiar....................................................................106 2.0 USING TREASURES OF MIDDLE EARTH............................ 2 5.13 The Istari .....................................................................106 5.2 The Free Peoples ...............................................................107 3.0 GUIDELINES................................................................................ 3 5.21 Dwarves ...................................................................... 107 3.1 Abbreviations........................................................................ 3 5.22 Elves ............................................................................ 109 3.2 Definitions.............................................................................. 3 5.23 Ents .............................................................................. 111 3.3 Converting Statistics ............................................................ 4 5.24 Hobbits........................................................................ 111 3.31 Converting Hits and Bonuses...................................... 4 5.25 -
The Journal of the Tolkien Society
Issue 50 • Autumn 2010 MallornThe Journal of the Tolkien Society Mallorn The Journal of the Tolkien Society Issue 50 • Autumn 2010 Editor: Henry Gee editorial Production & 4 Marcel Bülles looks to the future of Tolkien fandom design: Colin Sullivan letters Cover art: Lorenzo Daniele 7 Alex Lewis & Elizabeth Curie go back to the source Inside pages: Ruth Lacon (p. 2), Jef Murray (pp. 6, 7, reviews 25, 39, 48, 50, 52), Phyllis 8 Lynn Forest-Hill on Elves in Anglo-Saxon England Berka (p. 10), John Gilbey 9 Mike Foster on The Inheritance (pp. 14, 40, 44, 46), Colin 11 Chad Chisholm on Up Williams (p. 20), Teresa 13 Roberto Arduini & Claudio Testi on Tolkien and Philosophy Kirkpatrick (p. 47), Lorenzo Daniele (p. 51) commentary 15 Charles E Noad The Tolkien Society — the early days 26 Maggie Burns ‘… A local habitation and a name …’ Mallorn © The Tolkien 31 Simon Barrow The magic of fantasy: the traditional, the original and the Society. Printed and wonderful distributed by The Printed 34 Chad Chisholm The wizard and the rhetor: rhetoric and the ethos of Word, 7–9 Newhouse Middle-earth in The Hobbit Business Centre, Old 37 Vanessa Phillips-Zur-Linden Arwen and Edward: redemption and the fairy Crawley Road, Horsham bride/groom in the literary fairytale RH12 4RU, UK. interview 42 Mike Foster talks to Simon Tolkien poetry 46 Lynn Forest-Hill The Long Watch 46 Anne Forbes The Path To The Sea 46 Anne Forbes The End Of The Summer 47 Teresa Kirkpatrick Tuor And Ulmo fiction 48 Julia Fenton Blasphemy well, I’m back 50 Paul H Vigor takes a closer look at Thror’s map Mallorn is the Journal of the Tolkien Society, and appears twice a year, in the Spring (copy deadline 25 December) and Autumn (21 June).