DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study of Musical Affect in Howard Shore's Soundtrack to Lord of the Rings

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study of Musical Affect in Howard Shore's Soundtrack to Lord of the Rings PROJECTING TOLKIEN'S MUSICAL WORLDS: A STUDY OF MUSICAL AFFECT IN HOWARD SHORE'S SOUNDTRACK TO LORD OF THE RINGS Matthew David Young A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF MUSIC IN MUSIC THEORY May 2007 Committee: Per F. Broman, Advisor Nora A. Engebretsen © 2007 Matthew David Young All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Per F. Broman, Advisor In their book Ten Little Title Tunes: Towards a Musicology of the Mass Media, Philip Tagg and Bob Clarida build on Tagg’s previous efforts to define the musical affect of popular music. By breaking down a musical example into minimal units of musical meaning (called musemes), and comparing those units to other musical examples possessing sociomusical connotations, Tagg demonstrated a transfer of musical affect from the music possessing sociomusical connotations to the object of analysis. While Tagg’s studies have focused mostly on television music, this document expands his techniques in an attempt to analyze the musical affect of Howard Shore’s score to Peter Jackson’s film adaptation of The Lord of the Rings Trilogy. This thesis studies the ability of Shore’s film score not only to accompany the events occurring on-screen, but also to provide the audience with cultural and emotional information pertinent to character and story development. After a brief discussion of J.R.R. Tolkien’s description of the cultures, poetry, and music traits of the inhabitants found in Middle-earth, this document dissects the thematic material of Shore’s film score. The first part of the analysis focuses on Shore’s incorporation of the music and culture of Tolkien’s text into his film score through instrumentation and style. The second part of the analysis incorporates Tagg’s musematic analysis to argue the musical affect of Shore’s major themes that is projected on the iv audience. Additionally, leitmotiv analysis is used to trace the major themes throughout the trilogy, and to investigate how Shore’s alterations of the themes modify their musical affect. By comparing Shore’s film score to Tolkien’s text, considering the visual representation the score accompanies, as well as by comparing Shore’s themes to other music possessing connotations, an argument is made that Shore’s score does more than accompany Jackson’s screen. Since Shore’s score reflects music and culture as described by Tolkien, and the themes correlate appropriately to other music which reflect similar cultures, Shore’s score plays an integral part in influencing the audience’s perception of the inhabitants of Middle- earth. Additionally, Shore’s modification of established themes throughout the trilogy aid in the audience’s emotional understanding of the evolution of the characters of the films. v This thesis is dedicated to my wife and parents for their constant support. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to recognize Dr. Per F. Broman for his encouragement and guidance throughout the process of this thesis, as well as for the profound influence he has had on my abilities as a theorist and a teacher. I would also like thank him for my exposure to the work of Philip Tagg, which provided me with the analytical tools necessary to bring this thesis to fruition. I also wish to acknowledge Dr. Nora Engebretsen for her work on this thesis, and Dr. Gene Trantham and Dr. William Lake for the education they have provided me, as well as their initial encouragement to pursue a degree in music theory. Finally I wish to thank my mother for first exposing me to music, as well as all of my teachers who have helped me get to where I am today, most notably: Joan Alley, John Beutel, Michelle Kaebisch, Dr. Eric Kutz, and Dr. Glenn Wegge. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER I. MUSICAL MEANING IN FILM SCORES ................................................. 1 The Importance of Film Music............................................................................... 2 Method……………… ........................................................................................... 5 Chapter Overview…………………………………………………………………... 9 CHAPTER II. MUSIC AND CULTURE OF MIDDLE-EARTH...................................... 11 The Culture of the Shire and Hobbits ..................................................................... 14 Mankind of Middle-earth ....................................................................................... 19 The Evil Lands of Middle-earth……………………………………………………. 21 The Culture of Elves……………………………………………………………….. 21 CHAPTER III. SCORING TOLKIEN’S NOVELS........................................................... 25 The Shire Themes and Hobbit Songs...................................................................... 25 The Music of Men.................................................................................................. 29 The Evil Music of Middle-earth ............................................................................. 33 The Themes of the Elves........................................................................................ 36 CHAPTER IV. AUDIENCE PERCEPTION..................................................................... 42 The Shire Theme.................................................................................................... 43 The Rohan Theme.................................................................................................. 51 The Gondor Theme................................................................................................ 57 The Mordor and Ring Themes................................................................................ 61 The Themes of the Elves........................................................................................ 64 viii CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS....................................................................................... 67 Theoretical Connections, Benefits, and Problems…………………………………. 68 Recommendations for Further Study………………………………………………. 70 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………….. 72 ix LIST OF FIGURES/EXAMPLES Figure/Example Page 1-1 Best picture nominations since 1970 which were also nominated for best film score.......................................................................... 3 2-1 Map of Middle-earth at the time of The Lord of the Rings ...................................... 18 3-1 Shire Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring............................................................... 26 3-2 Frodo’s Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring ........................................................... 26 3-3 Shire Fiddle, The Fellowship of the Ring................................................................ 27 3-4 Traveling Song, The Fellowship of the Ring...........................................................28-29 3-5 Drinking Song, The Fellowship of the Ring............................................................ 29 3-6 Gondor Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring ........................................................... 30 3-7 Rohan Theme, The Two Towers……………………………................................... 31 3-8 Rohan Fiddle, The Two Towers.............................................................................. 32 3-9a Aragorn Chant, The Fellowship of the Ring............................................................ 33 3-9b Aragorn Chant, The Return of the King .................................................................. 33 3-10 Éowyn Chant, The Two Towers.............................................................................. 33 3-11 Isengard Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring.......................................................... 34 3-12 Ring Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring................................................................ 35 3-13 Mordor Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring ........................................................... 35 3-1 Correlation of Melodies between Mordor and Ring Themes................................... 35 3-14a Rivendell Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring .................................................. 37 3-14b Lórien Theme, The Fellowship of the Ring .......................................................37-38 3-15 Passing Wood Elves, The Fellowship of the Ring ................................................... 39 x 3-16 Lament for Gandalf, The Fellowship of the Ring .................................................... 39 4-1 Wedding Music, Braveheart .................................................................................. 43 4-2a The Magic Mist...................................................................................................... 44 4-2b Old Irish Melody..................................................................................................... 44 4-2c The Blacksmith’s Hornpipe .................................................................................... 44 4-2d Shall we ever be in One Lodging............................................................................ 45 4-1a Schenkerian Reduction of Shire Theme.................................................................. 45 4-1b Schenkerian Reduction of The Blacksmith’s Hornpipe ........................................... 45 4-3 Farthest from Home, The Fellowship of the Ring.................................................... 47 4-4 I Will Take It, The Fellowship of the Ring.............................................................. 48 4-5 No Memory of the Shire, The Return of the King ...................................................49-50
Load more

Recommended publications
  • LOTR and Beowulf: I Need a Hero
    Jestice/English 4 Lord of the Rings and Beowulf: I need a hero! (100 points) Directions: 1. On your own paper, and as you watch the selected scenes, answer the following questions by comparing and contrasting the heroism of Frodo Baggins to that of Beowulf. (The scene numbers are from the extended version; however, the scene titles are consistent with the regular edition.) 2. Use short answer but complete sentences. Fellowship of the Ring Scene 10: The Shadow of the Past Gandalf already has shown Frodo the One Ring and has told Frodo he must keep it hidden and safe. Frodo obliges. But when Gandalf tells him the story of the ring and that Frodo must take it out of the Shire, Frodo’s reaction is different. 1. Explain why Frodo reacts the way he does. Is this behavior fitting for a hero? Why or why not? Is Frodo a hero at this point of the story? 2. How does this differ from Beowulf’s call to adventure? Scene 27: The Council of Elrond Leaders from across Middle Earth have gathered in the Elvish capital of Rivendell to discuss the fate of the One Ring. Frodo has taken the ring to Rivendell for safekeeping. Having already tried unsuccessfully to destroy the ring, the leaders argue about who should take it to be consumed in the fires of Mordor. Frodo steps forward and accepts the challenge. 1. Frodo’s physical stature makes this journey seem impossible. What kinds of traits apparent so far in the story will help him overcome this deficiency? 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Oscar-Winning 'Slumdog Millionaire:' a Boost for India's Global Image?
    ISAS Brief No. 98 – Date: 27 February 2009 469A Bukit Timah Road #07-01, Tower Block, Singapore 259770 Tel: 6516 6179 / 6516 4239 Fax: 6776 7505 / 6314 5447 Email: [email protected] Website: www.isas.nus.edu.sg Oscar-winning ‘Slumdog Millionaire’: A Boost for India’s Global Image? Bibek Debroy∗ Culture is difficult to define. This is more so in a large and heterogeneous country like India, where there is no common language and religion. There are sub-cultures within the country. Joseph Nye’s ‘soft power’ expression draws on a country’s cross-border cultural influences and is one enunciated with the American context in mind. Almost tautologically, soft power implies the existence of a relatively large country and the term is, therefore, now also being used for China and India. In the Indian case, most instances of practice of soft power are linked to language and literature (including Indians writing in English), music, dance, cuisine, fashion, entertainment and even sport, and there is no denying that this kind of cross-border influence has been increasing over time, with some trigger provided by the diaspora. The film and television industry’s influence is no less important. In the last few years, India has produced the largest number of feature films in the world, with 1,164 films produced in 2007. The United States came second with 453, Japan third with 407 and China fourth with 402. Ticket sales are higher for Bollywood than for Hollywood, though revenue figures are much higher for the latter. Indian film production is usually equated with Hindi-language Bollywood, often described as the largest film-producing centre in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence Upon J. R. R. Tolkien
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2007 The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. Tolkien Kelvin Lee Massey University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Massey, Kelvin Lee, "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2007. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/238 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in English. David F. Goslee, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Heffernan, Michael Lofaro, Robert Bast Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled “The Roots of Middle-earth: William Morris’s Influence upon J.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle-Earth: the Wizards Characters(Hero) Resources(Hero
    Middle-earth: The Wizards Card-list (484 cards) Sold in starters and boosters (no cards from other sets needed to play). A booster (15 cards, 36 boosters per display) holds 1 rare, 3 uncommons, and 11 commons. A starter holds a fixed set (at random), 3 rares, 9 uncommons, and 40 commons. R: rare; U: uncommon; CA1: once on general common sheet; CA2: twice on general common sheet; CB1: once on booster-only common sheet; CB2: twice on booster-only common sheet; F#: in # different fixed sets (out of 5). Look at the Fixed pack specs to see what cards are in in which fixed set. Characters (hero) Thorin II R Gwaihir R Risky Blow CA Thranduil F1 Halfling Stealth CB2 Roäc the Raven R Adrazar F1 Vôteli CB Halfling Strength CB2 Sacrifice of Form R Alatar F2 Vygavril R Hauberk of Bright Mail CA Sapling of the White Tree U Anborn U Wacho U Healing Herbs CA2 Scroll of Isildur U Annalena F2 Hiding R Secret Entrance R Aragorn II F1 Resources (hero) Hillmen U Secret Passage CA Arinmîr U A Chance Meeting CB Hobbits R Shadowfax R Arwen R A Friend or Three CB2 Horn of Anor CB Shield of Iron-bound Ash CA2 Balin U Align Palantir U Horses CA Skinbark R Bard Bowman F2 Anduin River CB2 Iron Hill Dwarves F1 Southrons R Barliman Butterbur U Anduril R Kindling of the Spirit CA Star-glass U Beorn F1 Army of the Dead R Knights of Dol Amroth U Stars U Beregond F1 Ash Mountains CB Lapse of Will U Stealth CA Beretar U Athelas U Leaflock U Sting U Bergil U Beautiful Gold Ring CA2 Lesser Ring U Stone of Erech R Bifur CB Beornings F1 Lordly Presence CB2 Sun U Bilbo R Bill
    [Show full text]
  • Health & Safety Handout for Education Abroad Programs
    Health & Safety Handout for Education Abroad Programs Program Name: There and Back Again: Experiencing the Cultural and Political Environment of Middle Earth Countries/Cities to be visited during program (overnight stays): Middle Earth Westlands (overnight stays in bold): - Gondor (including Minas Tirith and Osgiliath); - Rohan (including Helms Deep and Edoras) - Eriador (including The Shire, Bree, Rivendell, Moria) The EAO encourages students to take responsibility for their own safety and security by carefully reading the information, advice, and resources provided, including the following websites: CDC Website (Health Information for Travelers): Gondor: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/gondor Eriador: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/eriador Rohan: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/rohan State Department Website (International Travel Information): Gondor: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/gondor.html Eriador: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/eriador.html Rohan: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/rohan.html Students Abroad: http://studentsabroad.state.gov/smarttravel.php Traveling with Disabilities: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/disabilities.html LGBT Travel Information: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/lgbt.html You should be up to date on routine vaccinations while traveling to any destination. Some additional vaccines may also be required for travel. Routine vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus- pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot. The CDC may also recommend additional vaccines or medications depending on where and when you are traveling. Please consult with your doctor/medical professional if you have questions or concerns regarding which vaccines/medicines are right for you.
    [Show full text]
  • A ADVENTURE C COMEDY Z CRIME O DOCUMENTARY D DRAMA E
    MOVIES A TO Z MARCH 2021 Ho u The 39 Steps (1935) 3/5 c Blondie of the Follies (1932) 3/2 Czechoslovakia on Parade (1938) 3/27 a ADVENTURE u 6,000 Enemies (1939) 3/5 u Blood Simple (1984) 3/19 z Bonnie and Clyde (1967) 3/30, 3/31 –––––––––––––––––––––– D ––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––––– c COMEDY A D Born to Love (1931) 3/16 m Dancing Lady (1933) 3/23 a Adventure (1945) 3/4 D Bottles (1936) 3/13 D Dancing Sweeties (1930) 3/24 z CRIME a The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1960) 3/23 P c The Bowery Boys Meet the Monsters (1954) 3/26 m The Daughter of Rosie O’Grady (1950) 3/17 a The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938) 3/9 c Boy Meets Girl (1938) 3/4 w The Dawn Patrol (1938) 3/1 o DOCUMENTARY R The Age of Consent (1932) 3/10 h Brainstorm (1983) 3/30 P D Death’s Fireworks (1935) 3/20 D All Fall Down (1962) 3/30 c Breakfast at Tiffany’s (1961) 3/18 m The Desert Song (1943) 3/3 D DRAMA D Anatomy of a Murder (1959) 3/20 e The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) 3/27 R Devotion (1946) 3/9 m Anchors Aweigh (1945) 3/9 P R Brief Encounter (1945) 3/25 D Diary of a Country Priest (1951) 3/14 e EPIC D Andy Hardy Comes Home (1958) 3/3 P Hc Bring on the Girls (1937) 3/6 e Doctor Zhivago (1965) 3/18 c Andy Hardy Gets Spring Fever (1939) 3/20 m Broadway to Hollywood (1933) 3/24 D Doom’s Brink (1935) 3/6 HORROR/SCIENCE-FICTION R The Angel Wore Red (1960) 3/21 z Brute Force (1947) 3/5 D Downstairs (1932) 3/6 D Anna Christie (1930) 3/29 z Bugsy Malone (1976) 3/23 P u The Dragon Murder Case (1934) 3/13 m MUSICAL c April In Paris
    [Show full text]
  • Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc Anderson Rearick Mount Vernon Nazarene University
    Inklings Forever Volume 4 A Collection of Essays Presented at the Fourth Frances White Ewbank Colloquium on C.S. Article 10 Lewis & Friends 3-2004 Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc Anderson Rearick Mount Vernon Nazarene University Follow this and additional works at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Rearick, Anderson (2004) "Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc," Inklings Forever: Vol. 4 , Article 10. Available at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever/vol4/iss1/10 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for the Study of C.S. Lewis & Friends at Pillars at Taylor University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Inklings Forever by an authorized editor of Pillars at Taylor University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INKLINGS FOREVER, Volume IV A Collection of Essays Presented at The Fourth FRANCES WHITE EWBANK COLLOQUIUM ON C.S. LEWIS & FRIENDS Taylor University 2004 Upland, Indiana Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc? Anderson Rearick, III Mount Vernon Nazarene University Rearick, Anderson. “Why Is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc?” Inklings Forever 4 (2004) www.taylor.edu/cslewis 1 Why is the Only Good Orc a Dead Orc? Anderson M. Rearick, III The Dark Face of Racism Examined in Tolkien’s themselves out of sync with most of their peers, thus World1 underscoring the fact that Tolkien’s work has up until recently been the private domain of a select audience, In Jonathan Coe’s novel, The Rotters’ Club, a an audience who by their very nature may have confrontation takes place between two characters over inhibited serious critical examinations of Tolkien’s what one sees as racist elements in Tolkien’s Lord of work.
    [Show full text]
  • Gandalf: One Wizard to Lead Them, One to Find Them, One to Bring Them And, Despite the Darkness, Unite Them
    Mythmoot III: Ever On Proceedings of the 3rd Mythgard Institute Mythmoot BWI Marriott, Linthicum, Maryland January 10-11, 2015 Gandalf: One Wizard to lead them, one to find them, one to bring them and, despite the darkness, unite them. Alex Gunn Middle Earth is a wonderful but strangely familiar place. The Hobbits, Elves, Men and other peoples who live in caves, forests, mountain ranges and stone cities, are all combined by Tolkien to create a fantasy world which is full of wonder, beauty and magic. However, looking past these fantastical elements, we can see that Middle Earth has many similarities to the society in which we live. The different races of Middle Earth have distinct and deep differences and often keep themselves separate from one another because of mutual distrust or dislike. Due to these divisions, only one person, one who does not belong to any particular race or people, can unite them for the coming war: Gandalf the Wizard who embodies the qualities needed to be an effective leader in our world. As Sue Kim points out in her book Beyond black and White: Race and Postmodernism in Lord of the Rings, Tolkien himself declared that, “the desire to converse with other living things is one of the great allurements of fantasy” (Kim 555). Given this belief, it is no surprise that Tolkien,‘fills his imagined worlds with a plethora of intelligent non human races and exotic ethnicities, all changing over time: Elves, Dwarves, Men, Hobbits, Ents, Trolls, Orcs, Wild Men, talking beasts and embodied spirits’ (Kim 555). This plethora, as Kim puts it, makes Gandalf an important literary tool for Tolkien because to believe that such a varied mix of people, creatures, races and ethnicities live in complete harmony would feel false and perhaps too convenient.
    [Show full text]
  • Bugsy Siegel Part 30 of 32
    FEDERAL OF STiGA&#39;iION BQQQK 5&#39;/£6EL PART #i%// W0/C // 7 PAGES AVAILABLETHIS PART???lg 17/ _ FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION FILES CONTAINED IN THIS PART A FILE # /0 -0 .-. 92 _ b_§"_.Q L,_.&#39; &#39;/.J ég: 3/$/3 ..§§*c 4}-Z_§/Z_L92fo_/./_2___PAGES AVAILABLE I & .. A 2 LL __-ll,1_,92!Z vo/.1! T ief _. 7 ya _ _ .. éz-1*&#39;1._!..2....__.__._ v@/-2! ¢z-as/2 v<>/.~/!35 _-.""&#39;.....-2;.-::.&#39;.: :.=- .-"&#39;=&#39;-"-s -*=.=-*=i~>*&#39;*&#39;"@~&#39;.&#39;------~.--*--~*-&#39;- -- -* .1. &#39; w- 0 _ - __ . I; 1 ._ 0 _ A_ A-~-{in . V _ VP 3 0 &#39; . 0- . .;§ - -~ £11.: osscnwon . »i-_: I? Q . .- D . ;;;.~ ¢-§- . aumzau me % -&#39;-- £ &#39; --. ._.4 _ I-r-"P - -. I Q -1» Q jO &$.U_BJECT /6?/és?i§§¢&#39;@¢=4 Y .0 FILE N0.__; /~&#39;>-*/$>.%__... &#39; /7 L sscfnowmo. 92--.5 _ . I 1- . -. O 0 _ . &#39; _ ;&#39;1 _ . 8 ; SE&#39;RlALS.____.i_________..% &#39; &#39;9 /u - &#39;4 --iv-< 1I - "E I -0 . - 1°} Y __- -bi.-¥ . -i "." _ " " &#39;-:_&#39;u--4 = Q 1 ll 1-._ ..-_- .. - .- I &#39;5 _ _ - &#39; - r0 - -- 3 ___ _ . &#39; . ...-. .-. &#39; ; -_.~.., -. _ ... ,...- ...,_~.. ., .-4._,, .,..._,.¢a-__.. ... _-.-...-¢....._,_.....u._-.....@ _ ..v__ ... V_.m. 92 ..._..... mg; >?i492llAlIl*y-Q9292 .... ..= .... , 4. ,.,, , in hon ttoaglt gag .<. in Into 6 Int, j 811109 &#39; cuc M00010 £3101-00904 la an D 1 IO_I"II0L&#39;.~_&#39;-,0 0 QM liliiiiingj gs-_&#39; IPPMI if III Icfhr 5,-_ QCPIII flat III 9* - should In I11"! &#39; |-- .[-,,¢ V.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge Organiser
    Key Composers Purpose Bernard Hermann James Horner Music in a film is there to set the scene, enhance the AoS3 – Film Music mood, tell the audience things that the visuals cannot, or John Williams Danny Elfman manipulate their feelings. Sound effects are not music! John Barry Alan Silvestri Jerry Goldsmith Howard Shore Key terms Hans Zimmer Leitmotif – A theme for a character Mickey-mousing – When the music fits precisely with action Musical Elements & Common Associations (Musical Cliche’s) Underscore – where music is played at the same time as action Tempo Fast Excitement, action or fast-moving things (eg. A chase scene) Slow Contemplation, rest or slowing-moving things (eg. A funeral procession) Fanfare – short melodies from brass sections playing arpeggios and often accompanied with percussion Melody Ascending Upward movement, or a feeling of hope (eg. Climbing a mountain) Descending Downward movement, or feeling of despair (eg. Movement down a hill) Instruments and common associations (Musical Clichés) Large leaps Distorted or grotesque things (eg. a monster) Woodwind - Natural sounds such as bird song, animals, rivers Harmony Major Happiness, optimism, success Bassoons – Sometimes used for comic effect (i.e. a drunkard) Minor Sadness, seriousness (e.g. a character learns of a loved one’s death) Brass - Soldiers, war, royalty, ceremonial occasions Dissonant Scariness, pain, mental anguish (e.g. a murderer appears) Tuba – Large and slow moving things Rhythm Strong sense of pulse Purposefulness, action (e.g. preparations for a battle) & Metre Harp – Tenderness, love Dance-like rhythms Playfulness, dancing, partying (e.g. a medieval feast) Glockenspiel – Magic, music boxes, fairy tales Irregular rhythms Excitement, unpredictability (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings Lisa Hillis This Research Is a Product of the Graduate Program in English at Eastern Illinois University
    Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1992 Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings Lisa Hillis This research is a product of the graduate program in English at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Hillis, Lisa, "Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings" (1992). Masters Theses. 2182. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2182 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THESIS REPRODUCTION CERTIFICATE TO: Graduate Degree Candidates who have written formal theses. SUBJECT: Permission to reproduce theses. The University Library is receiving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for i,\1.clusion in their library holdings. Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow theses to be copied. Please sign one of the following statements: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying it for iqclusion in that institution's library or research holdings. Date I respectfully request Booth Library of Ef\i.stern Illinois University not allow my thes~s be reproduced because --------------- Date Author m Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings (TITLE) BY Lisa Hillis THESIS SUBMITIED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DECREE OF Master .of Arts 11': THE GRADUATE SCHOOL.
    [Show full text]
  • Orc Hosts, Armies and Legions: a Demographic Study
    Volume 16 Number 4 Article 2 Summer 7-15-1990 Orc Hosts, Armies and Legions: A Demographic Study Tom Loback Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Loback, Tom (1990) "Orc Hosts, Armies and Legions: A Demographic Study," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 16 : No. 4 , Article 2. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol16/iss4/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract Calculates the likely population of Orcs in Middle-earth at various times based on Tolkien’s use of the military terms host, army, and legion. Uses The Silmarillion and several volumes of The History of Middle- earth to “show a developing concept of Orc military organization and, by inference, an idea of Orc demographics.” Additional Keywords Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Orcs—Demographics; Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Orcs—History; Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Orcs—Military organization This article is available in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R.
    [Show full text]