200 Glands of Ootype Poorly Developed, Vitelline Reservoir Y

200 PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY glands of ootype poorly developed, vitelline nae unarmed, dorsal, submarginal. Eggs with reservoir Y-shaped, ventral; uterus a fine, rela- filament at each pole. Vitellaria coextensive tively straight duct. Vitellaria scattered, co- with intestinal crura. Parasites of gills of extensive with intestinal crura. Vaginae not marine fishes. observed. TYPE SPECIES: P. elongata Unnithan, 1967, Several small unicellular glandlike cells sit- from Pellona (Ilislia] brachysoma (Blkr.), uated in anterior portion of cephalic region. Trivandrum. Excretory and nervous system indistinct; eyes absent. This emended generic diagnosis was made in Remarks order to accommodate Pellonicola lanceolatum Pellonicola lanceolatum sp. n. differs from sp. n., which possessed characters differing P. elongata Unnithan, 1967, by possessing (1) from those reported for the type species. Prin- diverticulae of the intestinal crura, (2) a large cipal points involved were the presence of (1) testicular mass rather than numerous discrete diverticulae of the gut, (2) a single large testes, (3) a spined cirrus, and (4) in the testicular mass rather than discrete and nu- comparative morphology of the clamps, an- merous testes, (3) a spined cirrus, and (4) chors, cephalic region, and hooks of the genital septate prohaptoral suckers. atrium (Figs. 17-22; Unnithan, 1967, figs. 26-33). The specific name is from Latin Literature Cited (lanceolatus = lance-shaped) and refers to the Chauhan, B. S. 1945. Trematodes from Indian shape of the body. marine fishes. Part 1. On some new monogenetic trematodes of the suborders Mono- Pellonicola Unnithan, 1967 pisthocotylea Odhner, 1912 and Polyopistho- cotylea Odhner, 1912. Proc. Indian Acad. Emended generic diagnosis Sci. 21: Sect. B, 129-159. Gastrocotylidae, Gastrocotylinae: Body di- Dillon, W. A., and W. J. Hargis, Jr. 1965. visible into cephalic region, trunk, and opist- Monogenetic trematodes from the southern haptor. Opisthaptor composed of two unequal Pacific Ocean. 2. Polyopisthocotyleids from bilateral frills of sessile, Gastrocotyle-\ike New Zealand fishes: The families Disco- cotylidae, Microcotylidae, Axinidae, and Gas- clamps, and a terminal lappet with two pairs of trocotylidae. In Biology of the Antarctic Seas, dissimilar anchors. Anterior one-half of long II, Antarctic Res. Ser. 5, Am. Geophys. Union, frill of clamps extends along lateral margin of p. 251-280. posterior trunk. Prohaptoral suckers muscular, Kritsky, D. C., F. M. Bilqees, and P. D. Leiby. usually septate; pharynx small; esophagus 1972. Studies on Monogenea of Pakistan. I. short, with or without diverticulae; crura Pseudochaiihanea elongatus sp. n. (Gastro- simple, blind, with or without diverticulae, cotylidae: Gastrocotylinae) from the gills of extend to level of anterior clamp of short frill. Labeo rohita (Ham.). Proc. Helm. Soc. Wash. Testes para- and postovarian, single or many. 39: 231-233. Vas deferens loosely coiled; seminal vesicle Tripathi, Y. R. 1957. Monogenetic trematodes from fishes of India. Indian J. Helminthol. an indistinct dilation of vas deferens; cirrus 9: 1-149. usually spined, protrusible; genital atrium with Unnithan, R. V. 1967. On some gastrocotylinae 12 hooks; genital pore medioventral, at level (monogenoidean) parasites of Indian clupeoid of esophagus. Ovary near midlength, dextral, fishes, including three new genera. Pacific with ascending and descending portions. Vagi- Sci. 21: 210-229.

Cinclotaenia filamentosa gen. et sp. n. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) from the Dipper in Oregon

RALPH W. MACY Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207

ABSTRACT: A new genus and species of cestode, Cinclotaenia filamentosa, from the dipper in Oregon is described. Cinclotaenia differs from Sacciuterina in having two circles of hooks and from Choano- taenia in that it has several eggs in each egg capsule and the genital ducts are dorsal to the osmoregulatory canals. It differs from other described dilepidids in having very long filaments extending from the oncosphere coats of the egg packets.

In a survey of the parasites of the clipper, Cinclotaenia filamentosa sp. n. Cinclus mexicanns unicolor Bonaparte, six to (Figs. 1-10) 15 birds collected along streams of the lower Worms 4.3 to 13 mm long, proglottids Columbia River Gorge of western Oregon con- craspedote, wider than long, genital pores ir- tained from two to five specimens each of a regularly alternating. Scolex (Fig. 1) subglob- dilepidid cestode belonging to a new genus ular, 0.52 mm (0.44 to 0.62) wide by 0.49 mm and species herein described. (0.38 to 0.59) long, with short rostellum bear- Specimens were removed from the birds ing a crown of hooks (Fig. 8) slightly alter- within several hours, fixed in Gilson's fluid nating in position. Rostellar sac present. under slight coverglass pressure, and stained Hooks 20 to 21 in number (Figs. 2, 10); in Kornhauser's hematein. Measurements are average 15 long; handle long, curved ventrad, in microns unless otherwise stated and were blade short, blunt, shorter than handle, guard made from the seven best specimens. Averages shorter than blade. Suckers large, protruding, in most cases are followed by minima and 248 (236 to 260) in diameter. Neck narrow, maxima in parentheses. 232 (119 to 310) long by 260 (190 to 320) wide. Strobilae have from 20 to 29 immature Cinclotaenia gen. n. proglottids, 5 to 13 mature proglottids, and Diagnosis from two to four gravid proglottids. Mature proglottids (Fig. 7) tend to be Dilepidinae Fuhrmann, 1907. Small worms. craspedote and measure 1.36 mm (1.25 to Scolex with two circles of hooks. Proglottids 1.65) wide by 0.46 mm (0.30 to 0.59) long. craspedote. Genitalia single in each proglottid. Testes 20 to 27 in number, each 68 (60 to 84) Genital pores irregularly alternating. Genital in diameter, and each consisting of a core of ducts dorsal to osmoregulatory canals. Testes large, dark cells, irregularly arranged and sur- numerous; testicular field mainly in posterior rounded by whorls of sperm cells. Testicular half of proglottid. Cirrus unarmed. Cirrus sac field posterior to ovary and about as wide as lacking seminal vesicle. Ovary wide, in anterior ovary. Cirrus sac 186 (150 to 225) long by half of proglottid. Uterus sacciform, deeply 43 (36 to 45) wide, lacking seminal vesicle lobed. Several eggs in each egg capsule. With but containing a somewhat coiled ejaculatory long filaments extending from oncosphere coats duct, protrusible, unarmed cirrus, and scat- of the egg packets. tered cells. Ovary two-winged, in anterior half TYPE SPECIES: Cinclotaenia filamentosa of proglottid, 1.03 mm (0.92 to 1.09) wide by sp. 11. 0.10 (0.06 to 0.14) long, midpart typically nar- Cinclotaenia differs from Sacciuterina in rowed. Vitelliiie mass 231 (186 to 273) wide having two circles of hooks and from Choano- by 48 (42 to 60) long, immediately posterior taenia in that it has several eggs in each egg to ovary. Vagina extending from area of capsule and the genital ducts are dorsal to the Mehlis' gland and reaching genital atrium just osmoregulatory canals. posterior to cirrus sac. Central part of vagina

Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington OF WASHINGTON, VOLUiME 40, NUMBER 2, JULY 1973 203 expanded into a seminal receptacle 166 (150 ments on coats of individual oncospheres of to 210) long by 28 (21 to 33) wide. Drepanidotaenia icatsoni from wild turkeys. Gravid proglottids (Fig. 9) 1.55 mm (1.37 A number of filaments at the poles of the to 1.65) wide by 0.51 (0.39 to 0.63) long. elongate outer shell of the eggs of Sacciuterina Uterus filling larger part of proglottid, partially mathevossiani were described by Schmidt and divided into compartments by thin membranes. Neiland (1971). Such filaments tend to allow In transverse sections (Fig. 10) the uterus the eggs or egg packets to float in water and appears narrow and irregular, extending nearly this would facilitate contact with cladocera the full width of the proglottid and containing or other plankton invertebrates which might a large number of eggs. Egg packets (Fig. 6) serve as intermediate hosts. Egg packets re- 189 to 201 in diameter, containing eight to 12 mained suspended at different levels in re- eggs, each with an outer membrane. Each frigerated water for at least a week. live packet with some active oncospheres de- Filaments on the egg packets of Cinclotaenia void of oncosphere coats. Live eggs (Fig. 3) filamentosa were evident only when dissected average 46 wide by 54 long, oval, with thin from fresh, unpreserved, ripe proglottids. It is shell; polar filament in egg arising from one therefore possible that filaments on some other end of oncosphere coat. Hatched, live onco- species of dilepidid cestodes described from spheres average 27 wide by 33 long, with six preserved specimens, even if present, may not booklets each 11 to 12 long. Egg packet with have been observed. about 16 long, slender filaments 378 (354 to Jarecka (1958) found the larval stage of 401) long by 10 to 12 wide. A cell nucleus Sacciuterina ciliata (Fuhr., 1913) in the seen in some filaments. cladoceran Simocephalus expinos-us collected HOST: Cinclus mexicanus unicolor Bona- in Lake Gotdapiwo, Poland, which suggests parte. that the larval stage of C. filamentosa may HABITAT: Small intestine. occur in a related crustacean. TYPE LOCALITY: Streams of the Columbia River Gorge, Multnomah County, Oregon. Ack no wledgmen ts TYPE SPECIMENS: Holotype No. 71112 and paratype No. 71113 deposited in the USNM Thanks are due Dr. Marietta Voge and Dr. Helm. Coll. Gerald D. Schmidt for criticizing the manu- script. This project was supported by National Discussion Science Foundation Grant GB-18645. Belopolskaya (1958) has cited some in- Literature Cited stances of cestode oncospheres with filaments, including those Anomotaenia platyrhyncha Belopolskaya, M. M. 1958. On the structure of eggs of some Cestoda. Nauch. Dokl. Vyssh. (Krabbe) in which each oncosphere coat of Shk. (biol.) 4: 7-10. (In Russian.) a small chain is provided with two filaments, Jarecka, L. 1958. Cladocera as the intermediate and small clusters of oncospheres of A. para- hosts of certain species of Cestoda. Life cycle microrhyncha Dubinina with one filament for of Anomotaenia ciliata (Fuhr., 1913) and each oncosphere coat. Eggs of A. stentorea Hymenolepis furcifera (Krabbe, 1869). Bull. (Froel.), Dilepis glarcola Dubinina, and Acad. Polonaise Sci. Class II. Ser. Sci. Biol. 6: 157-166. Diorchis mjrocae Yamaguti each have two long Matevosyan, E. M. 1963. Principles of Cestod- polar filaments. Prestwood and Reid (1966) ology, ed. K. I. Skrjabin, Vol. 3, Dilepidoidea. described and figured numerous hairlike fila- Tapeworms of domestic and wild animals.

Figures 1-10. Cinclotaenia filamentosa gen. et sp. n. 1, Scolex. 2, Rostellar hook. 3, Egg. 4, Onco- sphere. 5, Region of genital pore showing protruding cirrus. 6, Egg packet showing one complete filament and bases of others. 7, Mature proglottid. 8, Crown of rostellar hooks, en face view. 9, Terminal gravid proglottid. 10, Lateral part of gravid proglottid, transverse section. Figures 3, 4, and 6 drawn from live material. Osmoregulatory canal, e; ejaculatory duct, ed; cirrus sac, cs; uterus, u; vagina, v.

Izdatelstvo Academii Nauk SSSR, Moscow. Hymenolepididae) from the wild turkey of (In Russian.) Arkansas. J. Parasit. 52: 432-436. Mettrick, D. F. 1958. Helminth parasites of Schmidt, G. D., and K. A. Neiland. 1971. Hertfordshire birds. II. Cestoda. J. Helm. 32: Helminth fauna of Nicaragua. IV. Sacciuterina 159-194. mathevossiani sp. nov. (Dilepiclidae) and Prestwood, A. K., and W. M. Reid. 1966. other cestodes of birds. Parasitology 62: 145- Drepanidotaenia wat.ioni sp. n. (Cestoda: 149.

Host-Parasite Relationships of Fessisentis necturorum (Acanthocephala: Fessisentidae)

BRENT B. NICKOL AND RICHARD W. HEARD, III1 Department of Zoology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68508, and Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564

ABSTRACT: Species of the acanthocephalan genus F'essisentis occur in piscine and amphibian hosts of North America, but F. necturorum has been reported from aquatic stages of amphibians only. In northeastern Georgia larvae of Ambystoma opacum and Pseudotriton montanns are heavily parasitized by F. necturorum. In this region larval salamanders begin acquiring infections of F. necturorum dur- ing winter months and the parasite prevalence increases to a peak in early spring. When metamorphosis begins in late April, acanthocephalan infections decline until they are apparently absent in fully metamorphosed A. opacum and Pseudotriton montanus. Near Athens, Georgia, isopods, Asellus scrupulosus, are naturally infected with cystacanths of F. necturorum but attempts to infect them in the laboratory failed. Collecting data suggest that environmental conditions for infection may be rigid and that study of subtle environmental differences at collecting sites may be necessary before laboratory confirmation of the F. necturorum life cycle is possible. Fifty-seven of 77 larval Ambtjstoma opacum, 24 of 25 larval Pseudotriton montanus, 3 of 8 larval Eunjcea (E. bislineata and/or E. longicauda), and 1 of 6 adult Notophthalmus viridescens collected from Sandy Creek near Athens, Georgia, were parasitized by F. necturorum. None of 2 adult A. opacum, 15 adult P. montanus, 5 Ictaliirus natalis, or 6 Lepomis macrochirus collected from the same site was parasitized by acanthocephalans. Recoveries of F. necturorum from Asellus scrupulosus, Eunjcea sp., N. viridescens, and P. montanus constitute new host records.

Species of the acanthocephalan genus Fessi- taken from a piscine host. With one possible sentis occur in piscine and amphibian hosts exception, individuals from amphibians have of North America. F. friedi Nickol, 1972 ( = been reported only from aquatic forms. F. vancleavei Haley and Bullock, 1953) occurs Malewitz (1956) reported Acanthocephalus in piscine hosts while F. nectiirorum Nickol, vancleavei (= F. vancleavei) from Eunjcea 1967, and F. vandeavei (Hughes and Moore, mitltiplicata without noting whether the hosts 1943) occur in amphibians. F. fcssus Van had metamorphosed. Adults of this species, Cleave, 1931, has been reported from both however, are also aquatic. In a survey of host groups (Nickol, 1972). Although in cer- Louisiana Caudata, Nickol (1969) found 10 tain localities fishes are frequently parasitized of 11 waterdogs, Nectiirus beyeri, infected by members of Fessisentis, there is no report with F. necturorum, but none of 176 meta- of females with fully formed eggs having been morphosed salamanders representing nine species harbored this acanthocephalan. The sam- 1 Present address: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Savannah, Georgia 31406. ple included 23 adult specimens of Ambystoma