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Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 59(2) 1992

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Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 59(2) 1992 July 1992 Number 2 A semiannual journal of research devoted to Hetminthology and all branches of Paras/foJbgy Supportedin part by the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund CONTENTS -'.;., ; \^\ NIAMATALI, S., T. J. NOLAN, AND 'G:-A. SCHAD Can autoinfection be provoked in the Strongyloides ram'-infected gerbil, MerionesimguiculaMsl ......;....,..;... ,1.49 -- GRIBB, vT. H. AND A. WILLIAMS. Gonapodasmius wiUiamsoni sp. n. (Digenea: Didymozoidae) from {he pink snapper, Pdgrus auratus (Teleostei: Sparidae) in , Western Australia>„ .'. •::„"...,.;; .. ;.,..... L... '. .,^....^...... 153 BUCKNER,.R. L. Description of Eocollis catostomi sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechi- f. • norhynchidae) from two species of suckers (Catostomidae) in Alabama, with,cofn- , ments on (Eocollis arcanus :.. L ^......I'Z. :L~. L j 159 / DUNAGAN, T. T, AND J. J. BozzoLA. Branch pattern for anterior proboscis nerves in ,,- Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Acanthocephala) .„ ,163 1 UPTON, S. j., C, T. MCALLISTER, AND S. E. TRAUTtf. Description of a new species ofEimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the alligator snapping turtle, Macro- I clemys temminckii (Testudines: Ghelydridae) ! .!, Li 167 LINDSAY, D. S., S. J; UPTON, M. TOIVIO-KINNUCAN, R. D. McKowN, AND B. Lr- BLAGBURN. Ultrastructure of Frenkelia rnicroti in prairie voles inoculated with i sporocysts from red-tailed hawks !„.::. '.. :. I ." .:.: _.:. ' ;:.17b LEADA'BRAND, C. C. Acanthatrium oregonehse and A. oligacanthum (Digenea: , Lecithodendriidae: Lecithodendriinae) from the big brown bat in?Oregon _... 177 DYER, W. G., E, H. WILLIAMS, JR., AND L. BUNKLEY-WILLIAMS. Homalometron - / dowgialloi sp. n. (Homalorhetridae) from HaemulonjlaVolineatum and additional ^ L : records of digenetic trematodes of marine fishes in the West Indies ;.:.JZ... 182 ' HUSSEIN, H. S. AND O. B. MOHAMMED. Eimeria'rh^enii sp. n. (Apicomplexa: -r " Eimeriidae) from the Arabian sand gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa marica (Artio- ^ •' dactyla: Bovidae) in Saudi Arabia .: '. : ...„ ...../....;.." 19^0 >:.'.; ', "" • : (Continued on Outside Back Cover) / " ; Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington ;.-,- ( THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE SOCIETY meets once a month from October through May for the presentation land discussion of papers in any and all branches of parasitology or related sciences. All interested persons are invited "to attend. S • \. ../, ^ -».- ' ' :~ ^ - :"' i •' , ' Persons interested in membership in the Helminthological Society of Washington may obtain ''• application blanks in recent issues of THE JOURNAL. A year?s subscription to the Journal is included in the annual dues, ^.. -..\. OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1992 President: DAVID J. CHITWOOD Vu& President: RUTH M, KULSTAD ; . v -._•:'. Corresponding Secretarv- Treasurer: JOAN E. JACKSON Recording Secretarv: YUPIN CHAROENVIT , Archivist/Librarian: PATRICIA A. PILITT Custodian of Back Issues: J. RALPH LICHTENFELS Representative to the Washington Academy of Sciences: KENDALL G. POWERS. Representative to'the American -Society of Parasitologists: 'ERIC P. HOBERG ': / Executive Committee Members-at-Large: ,MAR:KC. JENKINS, 1992 ;'• N HYUN LILLEHOJ. F992 ERIC P. HOBERG, 1993 V , EDWARD H. MICHELSON, 19^93 Immediate Past President: NANCY D. PACHECO V,' THE^JOURNAL OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON _ \ ••..'.• \ . ' K f THE JOURNAL is published semiannually at Lawrence, Kansas by the Helminthological Society of Washington. Papers need not be presented at a meeting to be published in the Journal •MANUSCRIPTS should be sent to ihe-EDITOR, Ralph P. Eckerlin, Natural Sciences Division, Northern Virginia Community College, Annandale, VA 22003. Manuscripts must be typewritten, double spaced, and in finished form. The originaland twocopies are required. Photocopies ofjdrawings inay be submitted for review purposes but glossy prints of halftones are required; originals''will be requested after acceptance of the manuscript. Papers are/accepted ;with the URderstandijig that they will be published only in the Journal. REPRINTS may be ordered from the.PRINTER at the same time the corrected proof is returned to the EDITOR. " •'_ '>x"? \ ; , ; ) H,.,.'. H ' V AUTHORS' CONTRIBUTIONS to publication costs (currently $40/pg for members, actual ;cost/ pg currently $80, for non-members) will be billed by Allen .Press and are payable to" the SOCIETY. sBAGK VOLUMES of the Journal are available. Inquiries concerning back volumes and current subscriptions should be directed to the business office. ^.'••''• \ > ~, /' ,! > - BUSINESS OFFICE. The Society's business office is at Lawrence, Kansas. All inquiries concerning subscrjptiqns or back issues and all payments for dues, subscriptions, and back issues should be addressed to: Helminthological Society of Washington, % Allen Press, Inc., 1041 New Hampshire St., Lawrence, Kansas 66044, U.S.A. r JEDITORIAL BOARD \H P. ECKERLIN, Editor v ' V'-i,"'''•' 1992 o - • ' : /"' ' 1993, ;i .'''•]- ' 1994'- '•'•'":• I' \'i~ V '" "" '• t , , 1' >• V '• •• .;^ ^ V I ' ' ' DANIEL R.,BROOKS DWIGHT D. BOWMAN ROY C. ANDERSON1 ERIC P-HOBERG )' RAYMOND H. FETTERER VRAYMONDM. CABLE - GILBERT F. OTTO WILLIAM F. FONT ';•'"•> , RONALD PAYER ROBIN M. OVERSTREET JOHN c. HOLMES v A>MORGAN GOLDEN MARY H. PRITCHARD J. RA^PH LICHTENFELS , SHERMAN 5. HENDRIX , ROBERT L. RAUSCH JOHN S. MACKIEWICZ ROBIN N. HUETTEL , HARLEY G. SHEFFIELD BRENT B. NJCKOL 'DANNY B: PENCE 1 DENNIS A. THONEy VASSILIOS THEODORIDES . JOSEPH F. URBAN1 "i.r' © The HelminthologicarSociety of Washington ,1992 "'"'I ,•..; ., •' . :• ; / /! , ISSNV1049-233X' '',:- '• .y j ,. f') : v I THIS PUBLICATION IS PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER. I , Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 59(2), 1992, pp. 149-152 Can Autoinfection be Provoked in the Strongyloides ratt/-infected Gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus! SUSAN NIAMATALI, THOMAS J. NOLAN, AND GERHARD A. SCHAD Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6050 ABSTRACT: Strongyloides ratti infections in gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, are chronic when compared to infections with this species in other rodent hosts. Furthermore, eggs are rarely found in freshly passed feces, instead, resembling Strongyloides stercoralis infection, rhabditiform, first-stage larvae are characteristically ex- pelled. The longevity of S. ratti infection in gerbils is not, however, due to naturally occurring autoinfection, nor could autoinfection be induced by immunosuppression or prolongation of intestinal transit time. KEY WORDS: nematode, Strongyloides ratti, gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, autoinfection, prednisolone ace- tate, diphenoxylate. Experimental murine strongyloidiasis, involv- Experimental animals ing Strongyloides ratti and the rat, is a frequently Purpose-bred female gerbils were purchased from used laboratory model for human strongyloidi- Tumblebrook Farm, Inc. (West Brookfield, Massachu- asis. Unfortunately, however, this host-parasite setts), housed 5 to a cage, and fed Purina Lab Chow and water ad libitum. association does not mimic the 2 most charac- teristic features of Strongyloides stercoralis in- Experimental designs fection in man, namely autoinfection and the To confirm that S. ratti infections in gerbils are in unusual propensity to establish extremely chron- fact long-lasting, 2 4-6-week-old animals were injected ic infections. Indeed, several attempts to provoke subcutaneously (SQ) with 500 and 700 L3, respectively. The number of L,'s shed in the feces was determined autoinfection in S. ra///-infected rodents have weekly using the McMaster technique, which has a failed and adult worms are expelled from the lower detection limit of 100 larvae/g. A third gerbil usual rodent hosts (rats and mice) within the first received 1,000 L3 SQ and 3 mg of prednisolone acetate 2 to 3 wk of infection (Dawkins, 1989). In this on 4 alternate days beginning on the day of infection. connection, it is interesting that an isolate of For an experiment designed to provoke (or enhance) autoinfection by immunosuppression, increasing the Strongyloides (probably S. ratti) from a muskrat intestinal transit time, or by both treatments com- survived in gerbils for a year (M. D. Little, pers. bined, 40 gerbils were injected with 1,000 L3 S. ratti comm.). SQ. The infected animals were divided into 4 groups Our own experience with a well-known strain of 10 each: infected controls, prednisolone-treated, di- phenoxylate-treated, and a group treated with both of 5". ratti indicates that infections in gerbils re- drugs. main patent for at least 5 mo. This longevity of Prednisolone acetate (3 mg/gerbil on alternate days infection in gerbils, as well as our observation for 4 treatments and then at 4-day intervals for the that in this host the eggs of S. ratti almost in- duration of the experiment) was selected as the im- variably hatch internally, prompted the 2 major munosuppressive agent of choice, Kamiya and Sato (1990) having used it successfully to adapt the complete questions addressed in this study: 1. Could the life cycle of Echinococcus multilocularis to the gerbil, unusual longevity of a primary infection be due a normally nonpermissive definitive host. To increase to naturally occurring autoinfection? and 2. Be- intestinal transit time, the motility-altering, antidi- cause the eggs hatch internally, could autoinfec- arrheal drug diphenoxylate was used at the dosage sug- gested by Megens et al., 1989 (8.15 mg/kg per os) on tion be induced (or enhanced)
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