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AYER YY HOYHOY Enen TAOSTAOS Yesterday and Today in Taos County and Northern New Mexico Spring 2015 Fall 2014 Issue #38

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AYER YY HOYHOY Enen TAOSTAOS Yesterday and Today in Taos County and Northern New Mexico Spring 2015 Fall 2014 Issue #38 AYERAYER YY HOYHOY enen TAOSTAOS Yesterday and Today in Taos County and Northern New Mexico Spring 2015 Fall 2014 Issue #38 100 YEARS OF THE TAOS SOCIETY OF ARTISTS Back row: Ufer, Dunton, Higgins and Adams. Seated: Hennings, Phillips, Couse and Berninghaus. Kneeling: Sharp and Blumenschein. Missing: Critcher and Rolshoven Acequia de Los Lovatos: The Partido System Tricentennial 1715 of New to Mexico 2015 © Jivan Lee A publication of the Taos County Historical Society A Message from the CONTENTS TCHS President Taos and the American Art Colony Movement: Dear Members, The Search for an American School of Art ......... 3 by Virginia Couse Leavitt The TCHS Board of Directors would like to invite everyone to The Hollyhocks .................................................6 the various events that the Society will be hosting throughout the year. In by Bertha and Francis Quintana 1915, the Taos Society of Artists was La Acequia de Los Lovatos: Tricentennial .... 7 formed by six men who loved the light, colors and beauty of Taos. This by Juanita J. Lavadie year we celebrate this auspicious event, The Partido System in New Mexico .............. 8 commemorating the original members of The Taos Society of by Michael Miller Artists that was formed 100 years ago by Oscar E. Berninghaus, Ernest L. AYER Y HOY en TAOS Blumenschein, E.Irving Couse, W. Herbert “Buck” Dunton, Bert Geer Yesterday and Today in Taos County Phillips, and Joseph H. Sharp. and Northern New Mexico Taos County Historical Society will be honoring Virginia Couse- Spring 2015 Issue No. 38 Leavitt, granddaughter of E.I. Couse at our annual luncheon in ISSN 1088-5285 May. Barbara Brenner, granddaughter of Oscar E. Berninghaus, © 2015 Taos County Historical Society will be our featured speaker. th Taos County Historical Society’s publication, Ayer y Hoy en Taos - We also celebrate the 300 Anniversary of the Los Lovatos Taos County and Northern New Mexico, is published semi- Acequias. Our board member Juanita Lavadie has been working annually by the Historical Society. very diligently on the history of the Acequias and she has an We invite articles of a scholarly nature, as well as book reviews of article in this issue. A lecture on the Los Lovatos Acequia will be recent publications pertinent to the Taos and northern New Mexico presented on September 12th as part of our regular lecture series. area. We are open to publishing occasional reminiscences, th folklore, oral history and poetry that are of historical interest. Yet another celebration this year is the 200 Anniversary of the completion of The San Francisco de Asis Church in Ranchos De The Taos County Historical Society endeavors to maintain high Taos. The fall issue of Ayer y Hoy will feature articles, stories standards of quality in AYER Y HOY, and we seek to make improvements as we go along. Readers’ comments and suggestions and photos of the historic church since 1815. Visit our website are welcome. to see the schedule of events for this important event. All articles, maps, photographs, drawings, etc., are the property of We are sad to report the passing of a very important contributor the contributors and may not be used or reproduced in any way and active member, Albert John Atkins Jr. We have lost a true without permission from the Society and/or the contributor. friend of the Society. John, as he was better known, passed away AYER Y HOY is distributed to all members of the Taos County on March 21, 2015, surrounded by his entire family. We extend Historical Society as a benefit of membership. our sincere condolences to his wife, Dora, and the entire Atkins family. Editor Dave Cordova Everyone at the Historical Society hopes you have enjoyed the wonderful programs and lectures so far, and we look forward to The Taos County Historical Society is a New Mexico non-profit bringing you more interesting programming and lectures in the organization dedicated to the study and preservation of the future. We invite you to join us for our monthly lectures on the historical resources of Taos County and Northern New Mexico. Membership is open to any interested person, regardless of first Saturday of every month at the Kit Carson Electric Coop residence. Board Room, 218 Cruz Alta Road at 2:00pm. We encourage everyone to invite your families, friends and neighbors who are Board of Directors interested in the lively history of Taos to join us and become Ernestina Cordova - President members of the Society. Benton Bond - Vice-president This and future issues of Ayer y Hoy will be distributed via e-mail to our members to help conserve paper and costs. The Judy Weinrobe - Secretary Society will provide printed copies to anyone who requests or Darren Bond - Treasurer prefers a printed copy. Ernestina Cordova, President P.O. Box 2447 • Taos, New Mexico 87571 Taos County Historical Society 2 Taos and the American Art Colony Movement: The Search for an American School of Art by Virginia Couse-Leavitt ONE DAY in SEPTEMBER, 1898, Bert Phillips and Ernest Blumenschein drove their wagon into the village of Taos for the first time. It was fate, not design, that led them there, but they were both so captivated by the town, its picturesque people and beautiful environment, that it became their spiritual and literal home. Phillips immediately decided to settle in Taos and Blumenshcein made plans to return as soon as possible. This early permanent commitment to Taos gave Phillips and Blumenshein the distinction of being the actual founders of the art colony, although Henry Sharp had just spent two summers painting there. A year after their arrival, Phillips wrote to Blumenschein, who had gone to Paris for further study, saying: … if (our) your, I mean, scheme goes through, we can Phillips, Dunton, Sharp, Berninghaus, Couse & Blumenschein come together better prepared for a mutual aid to each other. You and Butler with new experience of the world they could live inexpensively and could gather motifs for their and I with the necessary local knowledge including future work. Certain locations gained in popularity and thus Spanish. We’ll be… like the group of Barbizon painters became artists’ colonies. With later developments in plein-air and writers… (Phillips file, Fenn Archive, letter dated painting, particularly as influenced by the Impressionists, many Sept. 25, 1899. Ellis Parker Butler was a writer and other art colonies were established in France, including such friend of Blumenshein.) famous locations as Giverny, Pont-Aven, Concarneau, and Etaples. Many of the Americans studying abroad experienced It is clear from this letter that Phillips and Blumenschein, having life in one or more of these French colonies. It is not surprising once discovered Taos, intended to form an art colony there. Taos then that an art colony movement developed in the United had the perfect combination of elements necessary for a States after these students returned. successful colony. The amenities of the town, crude as they might have been, provided the means for daily living, while the The establishment of art colonies in America began in the mid nearby Pueblo provided ready access to Indian models. 1880s. Their popularity lasted into the 1920s and began to wane Combined with these two elements was an incomparable in the 1930s. It was, however, at the very period that the Taos landscape and an extraordinary quality of light. Henry Sharp, Colony was established, around 1898, that the proliferation of who divided his allegiance between Taos and the Crow Agency American colonies was at its height. At that time colonies were in Montana, also mentioned Barbizon in a letter. He wrote from also established in Pennsylvania at New Hope, in California at Taos on June 15, 1906, to the Director of the Cincinnati Art Laguna and Carmel, in Connecticut at Cos Cob and Old Lyme, Museum: in Massachusetts at Provincetown and Gloucester, in New York … you see, we are at our first love and stomping ground. at Woodstock, and in Indiana at Nashville. These are but a few Bert Phillips is here year round. Couse has just bought examples of a movement that reached into all parts of the country. a little place, fitted up a studio and is at work, and likely In speaking of this proliferation of colonies as a “movement” we for many summers. Young Berninghaus of St. Louis are not, of course, referring to a stylistic movement, but simply has just left and Curtis and Sauerwein and others are to an identifiable social phenomenon among American artists at coming, so there may be a Taos colony a la Barbizon yet! this particular period of history. Yet, there was an almost (quoted by Forrest Fenn in The Beat of the Drum and the subconscious ideology common to the art colonies in America: Whoop of the Dance, pp. 201-202) the desire that American artists of the period felt to create a uniquely American art. Unfortunately, until recently their In referring to Barbizon, both Phillips and Sharp had invoked accomplishments have been underestimated and even the name of the most famous of the French art colonies. Founded disparaged. The remainder of this article will be devoted to an in the 1830s, Barbizon became the prototype for all art colonies examination of the impact of art colonies in general on American to follow, representing freedom from urban pressures, art, and of how Taos, in particular, fits into this overall picture. communion with nature, and a spirit of camaraderie. The colony at Barbizon developed as a result of the new interest in painting There was nothing new in the fact that American artists were directly from nature. Thus it became the general habit of French going to the countryside for their summer work.
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