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(Centrolenidae: Vitreorana) from the Northeast Atlantic Forest, Brazil Author(S): Rafael Pontes, Ulisses Caramaschi, and José P

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(Centrolenidae: Vitreorana) from the Northeast Atlantic Forest, Brazil Author(S): Rafael Pontes, Ulisses Caramaschi, and José P A Remarkable New Glass Frog (Centrolenidae: Vitreorana) from the Northeast Atlantic Forest, Brazil Author(s): Rafael Pontes, Ulisses Caramaschi, and José P. Pombal, Jr. Source: Herpetologica, 70(3):298-308. 2014. Published By: The Herpetologists' League DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-13-00024 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-13-00024 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Herpetologica, 70(3), 2014, 298–308 Ó 2014 by The Herpetologists’ League, Inc. A REMARKABLE NEW GLASS FROG (CENTROLENIDAE: VITREORANA) FROM THE NORTHEAST ATLANTIC FOREST, BRAZIL 1 RAFAEL PONTES ,ULISSES CARAMASCHI, AND JOSE´ P. POMBAL,JR. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados, Quinta da Boa Vista, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil ABSTRACT: We describe a new species of glass frog (Vitreorana) from Fazenda Novo Pau Brasil, in the Atlantic Forest habitat of northeastern Brazil. Previous to this work, Vitreorana baliomma sp. nov. was misidentified as V. eurygnatha, from which it can be distinguished by the iris pattern flecked with star-shape melanophores; rudimentary nuptial excrescences formed by glands on the dorsomedial surface of Finger I, with some accessorial glands along its periphery; parietal, urinary bladder, kidneys, and testes peritonea translucent; visceral peritoneum with iridophores covering the pericardium, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. We also provide a brief discussion on its morphological similarities with other Vitreorana species. Key words: Centroleninae; Cochranellini; Eye coloration; Nuptial excrescences; Peritoneum; Vitreorana baliomma sp. nov. FOR DECADES, members of the Neotropical Forest—Vitreorana parvula (Boulenger, family Centrolenidae (Taylor, 1951), com- 1895), Vitreorana uranoscopa (Muller, ¨ 1924), monly known as glass frogs, have attracted and Vitreorana eurygnatha (Lutz, 1925)— the attention of scientists because of their persist obscured. This group remains unclar- conspicuous biological and morphological ified because of the scarcity of recent features (Cisneros Heredia and McDiarmid, taxonomic studies and lack of refined analysis 2007). This clade comprises about 150 spe- of morphological characters (Cisneros-Hered- cies, most of which inhabit the vegetation ia and McDiarmid, 2007). These species have along streams in forested areas (Guayasamin been placed in the genus Vitreorana,a et al., 2009; Frost, 2013). The family is found monophyletic clade informed from molecular throughout Central America, tropical Andes, evidence, which accommodates species from Guiana Shield, and the Amazon basin, and a the Cordillera de la Costa in Venezuela, the disjoint group occurs in the Atlantic Forest, Precambrian Shields of South America, the from southeastern Brazil to Argentina (Heyer, Amazon basin, and the Atlantic Forest domain 1985; Guayasamin et al., 2009; Castroviejo- (Guayasamin et al., 2009). Vitreorana is Fisher et al., 2011). characterized by the following phenotypic Recently, the phylogenetic relationships and characters: (1) white peritoneum covering, systematics of glass frogs have been the focus totally or partially, the liver; (2) white of various studies, culminating in several gastrointestinal peritoneum; (3) green bones taxonomic changes (e.g., Cisneros-Heredia in life; (4) a lavender dorsal coloration in preservative; and (5) eggs deposited on the and McDiarmid, 2007; Guayasamin et al., upper or under side of leaves (Guayasamin et 2008, 2009). Although recent studies (e.g., al., 2009). Using only morphology, however, Castroviejo-Fisher et al., 2011; Hutter and this genus cannot be diagnosed from other Guayasamin, 2012) have resolved some taxo- centrolenid genera, as Chimerella. nomic problems, several issues need to be Studies addressing taxonomic questions on clarified at the alpha taxonomic level (Cis- glass frogs from the Atlantic Forest biome neros-Heredia and McDiarmid, 2007; Castro- were generally based on few specimens viejo-Fisher et al., 2011). available from limited localities from the Of these issues, the three species of southeastern and southern portions of that Vitreorana known to occur in the Atlantic region (Taylor and Cochran, 1953; Heyer, 1978, 1985). Recently, field collections pro- 1 CORRESPONDENCE: email, rafaelcunhapontes@hotmail. duced range extensions for glass frogs, report- com ing occurrence for northeastern fragments of 298 September 2014] HERPETOLOGICA 299 this biome (Freitas et al., 2004; Carvalho et al., Heredia and McDiarmid (2007). We obtained 2005; Freitas et al., 2007; Gouveia et al., nine measurements using digital calipers 2012); however, because of the lack of (60.1 mm): (1) snout–vent length (SVL), (2) morphological information, the taxonomic head length (HL), (3) head width (HW), (4) status of these populations remains unclear radio–ulna length (RL), (5) hand length (Gouveia et al., 2012). (HaL), (6) femur length (FL), (7) tibia length Herein, we examine aforementioned col- (TL), (8) tarsal length (TaL), and (9) foot lected specimens from the northern portion of length (FL). With the use of a stereoscopic the Atlantic Forest and describe a new species microscope, we obtained seven additional of Vitreorana, previously assigned to V. morphometric variables (60.05 mm): (10) eurygnatha. In addition, we provide a brief snout–nostril distance (SND), (11) internarial discussion on the morphological affinities distance (ID), (12) eye–nostril distance (EN), within Vitreorana and standardizations on (14) eye diameter (ED), (15) interorbital nuptial excrescences in Centrolenidae. distance (IOD), and (16) width of disc of third finger (3WD). All morphometric data MATERIALS AND METHODS from preserved specimens were measured by Nomenclature and Conventions RPandreportedasminimum–maximum Museum acronyms follow those established (mean 6 standard deviation). by the ASIH (http://www.asih.org/codons. pdf); in addition, the following collections SPECIES DESCRIPTION were examined: Cole¸ca˜oCelio´ F.B. Haddad, Departamento de Zoologia, I.B., Universidade Vitreorana baliomma sp. nov. Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil (CFBH); (Figs. 1A–C; 2D,G) Cole¸ca˜o Adolpho Lutz, housed at the Museu Hyalinobatrachium sp. (cf. eurygnathum).— Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (AL-MN); Carvalho et al. (2005: 51). Cole¸ca˜o da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil (UFSE). We also examined Hyalinobatrachium eurygnathum.—Freitas et photos of the holotype of Vitreorana urano- al. (2004: 281). scopa (ZSM 81/1921) and the lectotype of V. Vitreorana aff. eurygnatha.—Gouveia et al. parvula (BMNH 88.2.7.32). Specimens of the (2012: 16). new species were fixed in 10% formalin Holotype.—MNRJ 46857, adult male col- solution and preserved in 70% alcohol (Ap- lected at Mata de Cabruca, Fazenda Novo pendix). Sex and maturity were determined by 0 0 Pau Brasil (16859 22"S; 39834 58"W; 98 m secondary sexual characteristics (nuptial ex- above sea level (a.s.l.); datum ¼ WGS84), crescences, vocal sacs, and slits) and the Municipality of Itamaraju, State of Bahia, observation of convoluted oviducts through Brazil, by C. Canedo and F. Falca˜o, on 2 the transparent ventral skin. February 2007. Morphology Paratypes.—MNRJ 37904 and 37905 Characters followed the descriptions of (cleared and stained), two adult males collect- ed at Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana Lynch and Duellman (1973), Ruiz-Carranza 0 0 and Lynch (1991), Cisneros-Heredia and (10845 S; 37820 W), Municipality of Areia McDiarmid (2007), Guayasamin et al. Branca, State of Sergipe, Brazil, by C.M. (2009), Castroviejo-Fisher et al. (2011), Hut- Carvalho, on 30 April 1997; MNRJ 35557, ter and Guayasamin (2012), and citations adult male collected at Fazenda Palmeiras, therein. We followed the terminology devel- Municipality of Itapebi, State of Bahia, Brazil, oped by Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza (1996) and by M.A. Freitas, on 5 September 2002. Glaw and Vences (1997) when describing Referred specimens.—Ten males (UFSE nuptial excrescences and eye coloration, 623–628, UFSE 630, and UFSE 632–634) respectively. and two females (UFSE 629 and UFSE 631) Morphometric characters followed Heyer et collected at Parque Nacional Serra de Itabai- al. (1990), Duellman (2001), and Cisneros- ana (108450S; 378200W), Municipality of Areia 300 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 70, No. 3 FIG. 1.—(A) Dorsal and (B) ventral views of the holotype of Vitreorana baliomma sp. nov. (MNRJ 46857; SVL ¼ 17.9 mm). (C) Lateral view of head of V. baliomma sp. nov. (MNRJ 46857, holotype; scale bar ¼ 4 mm). (D) Ventral (left) and dorsal (right) views of internal organs of the paratype of V. baliomma sp. nov. (MNRJ 37905). Branca, State
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