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N E W S L E T T E R January/Stycze Ń 2015 Nr 15

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N E W S L E T T E R January/Stycze Ń 2015 Nr 15 N.E.S.T. New Europe with Stronger Ties N e w s l e t t e r January/Stycze ń 2015 nr 15 Nowe wyzwania przybliżyć te atrakcyjne miejsca Nowy rok oczywiście to nowe naszym Czytelnikom. Jak się również wyzwania w naszym projekcie. Już okazuje niekiedy Grecja oraz Polska niedługo (24. marca) wyruszamy do miały co nieco wspólnego w historii Grecji na kolejne spotkanie robocze, bliższej i dalszej, więc parę takich więc najbliższe tygodnie upłynął na “historyczno-sportowo-kulturowych” starannym wypełnieniu kolejnych faktów można znaleźć na ostatniej zadań, aby móc je zaprezentować stronie. Powraca także dawno nie właśnie naszym przyjaciołom z widziany dział “Eurociekawostki”. pozostałych szkół partnerskich. Tak Tym razem kilka zdań na temat się także składa, iż następne stanowiska przewodniczącego Rady spotkanie (w Bukareszcie) odbędzie Europejskiej, którego osoba na pewno się pod koniec kwietnia. Tak więc jest w Polsce z wielu powodów bardzo musimy naprawdę przyłożyć się do dobrze znana... pracy w lutym i marcu. Podczas spotkania w Grecji będziemy gościć w miejscowości Ka- lampaka (zdjęcie obok) - słynącej z górujących na nią klasztorami znanymi jako Meteory. Ponadto odwiedzimy sąsiednie miasto - Trikala. Stąd też na kilku kolejnych stronach staramy się ki powracają czyli parę Spis treści: słów o przewodniczącym Rady Europejskiej... Strony 2/3: Kalampaka oraz Meteory Strony 4 i 8: Związki polsko-greckie - parę Strony 5/6: Trikala znanych i mniej znanych faktów z historii... Strona 7: Eurociekawost- www.europroject.edu.pl Kalampaka wodzą Stefana Duszana i jego brata Symeona Urosza. W kolejnym stuleciu Tesalia trafiła w ręce Imperium Kalampaka (spotkać także można Osmańskiego. Z czasów osmańskich wersję: Kalambaka lub Kalabaka) jest wywodzi się obecna nazwa miasta. małym miastem w Tesalii, nieopodal Pojawiła się ona około 600-700 lat temu. Nazwa pochodzi z języka tureckiego i oznacza „potężną twierdzę”. Samo miasto położone jest u stóp szczytów zwanych Meteorami. Trikali. Obecnie liczba ludności to około 12 tysięcy mieszkańców. Miasto powstało w miejscu starożytnego miasta Aigionion (Egion). Następnie podobnie jak cała Tesalia należało do Rzymu. W X wieku było znane jako Stagi – bizantyjska twierdza i siedziba biskupa. W XIV wieku region został podbity przez Serbów pod Meteory Wielkiego Meteora, św. Atanazy dostał się na szczyt góry na skrzydłach orła. Od XVIII Nazwa „Meteora” oznacza między innymi „zawieszony w powietrzu” i taką nazwą określa się zespół klasztorów greckiego kościoła prawosławnego. Klasztory zostało zbudowane na naturalnych formach skalnych z piaskowca, które górują nad Niziną Tesalską. Klasztory trafiły na listę Światowego Dziedzictwa UNESCO. Początkowo wszelkie materiały do budowy oraz życia mnichów były wciągane na linach. Także i zwiedzający mogli się tam dostać w podobny sposób. Na wieku klasztory zaczęły podupadać – szczęście część monastyrów udostępniono głównie na skutek kłótni opatów oraz turystom, więc zbudowane zostały schody erozji skał. Obecnie sześć klasztorów jest i pomosty. Według legendy założyciel zamieszkanych i toczy sę w nich normalne najstarszego klasztoru (w 1336) – życie (są to cztery klasztory męskie i dwa żeńskie): św. Mikołaja Odpoczy- wającego, św. Ste- fana, Św. Trójcy, Wielki Meteor (Prze- mienienia Pań- skiego), św. Barbary, Warłama. Poland & Greece The most notable Greeks in Poland: common past = common future *Nikos Chadzinikolau (in the photo) - poet, writer and We would like to present a few personalities translator, he published over who linked our two countries with their lives 100 books. and achievements. *Eleni Tzoka - one of the most popular singers in Greeks in Poland Poland in the 1970s and 1980s. Her music was Greeks, particularly merchants and always characterized by traders have been present in the Polish lands optimism and melodiousness. since the Middle Ages, funding a number *Kostek Joriadis - musician, singer and of Orthodox churches throughout the Polish- composer. Lithuanian Commonwealth. However most of these immigrants eventually assimilated into the *Nikos Tavlas - cardiologist diverse groups. *Telemach Pilitsidis - poet and painter Most self-identified Greeks in Poland *Christos Mandzios - sculptor today trace their heritage to the large number of Greek citizens who fled as refugees from *Jorgos Skolias - singer and composer the Greek Civil War and were admitted into *Thanasis Kamburelis - mathematician, co- Poland. They consisted largely of former partisan author (with his wife) of Greek-Polish dictionary. units from the Macedonia region of Greece. Most had been farmers before their flight from Greece. Poles in Greece In total, from 1949 to 1951, 12,300 people from Greece came to Poland, of whom roughly one- In recent years, footballers have been the most fourth were children. Most refugees arrived by sea famous Poles in Greece. Football fans in Athens, through the port at Gdynia. The Polish Piraeus or Larisa will always government chose to settle them in the territories remember such names as: west of the Oder River near the border with East Germany, especially near Zgorzelec. About 200 Kazimierz Górski, Andrzej were also sent to Kro ścienko in the southeast, Strejlau, Jacek Gmoch, Kazi- near the Bieszczady Mountains in a formerly mierz Kmiecik, Krzysztof ethnic Ukrainian area. Initially, the refugees were Adamczyk, Józef Wandzik or celebrated as anti-capitalist heroes and given Krzysztof Warzycha. We are significant government assistance in building new going to present their profiles lives and integrating in Poland. Initially, they found in the next issue of the Newsletter. In this issue we employment on farms, for which they were well focus on Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz (in the photo). suited because of their rural background; In fact, he was a well-known sportsman in the however, they later gravitated towards urban areas. interwar period. But he became famous for his achievements against German occupation of Greece. More information - page 8. nale żało do Cesarstwa Bizantyjskiego i Trikala wielokrotnie było naje żdżane przez Gotów, Hunów, Słowian, Bułgarów, Normanów oraz Kompani ę Katalo ńsk ą. Obecna nazwa miasta pojawia si ę po raz pierwszy w dokumentach z Trikala to miasto poło żone w XI wieku. W XIV wieku Tesalia została północno- podbita przez Stefana Duszana i wł ączona zachodniej Grecji do Carstwa Serbskiego. W roku 1359, brat – w regionie Stefana Duszana, Symeon Urosz przeniósł Tesalia. do Trikala swój dwór i zało żył sławne Zamieszkuje je klasztory zwane Meteorami. Pod koniec XIV około 80 tysi ęcy wieku Tesalia dostała si ę pod panowanie ludzi. Historia osma ńskie. Turcy sprowadzili regionu si ęga muzułma ńskich osadników, ale czasów nawet jednocze śnie udzielili wielu przywilejów prehistoryczny lokalnej ludno ści greckiej. W połowie XV ch. Pierwsze wieku miasto liczyło około 2500 ślady osadnictwa mieszka ńców. W roku 1749 wi ększo ść z około 49 miasta zniszczył po żar. W momencie tysi ęcy lat p.n.e. wybuchu greckiej wojny o niepodległo ść w znaleziono w 1821, liczba ludno ści wynosiła ju ż około jaskini Theo- 25000 osób. Dwudziestego trzeciego petra. Miasto sierpnia 1881 na mocy układu z Trikala powstało Konstantynopola podpisanym przez na miejscu Imperium Osma ńskie i Królestwo Grecji, staro żytnego Trikala wraz z cał ą Tesalia „trafiła” do Grecji. miasta Trikka, które zało żono około III wieku. Jednak że jeszcze raz w historii miasto Uwa ża si ę, że wła śnie tam urodził i mieszkał dostało si ę na krótko w r ęce tureckie – Asklepios (grecki bóg sztuki lekarskiej). podczas wojny grecko-tureckiej w 1897. W Nazwa miasta jest wymieniona w „Iliadzie” latach 30. XX wieku miasto utraciło wiele Homera. W czasach myke ńskich Trikala była cennych zabytków z czasów stolic ą lokalnego królewstwa. Natomiast w średniowiecznych i osma ńskich, głównie z roku 352 p.n.e. zostało wł ączone do powodu przebudowy według nowoczesnych macedo ńskiego królestwa Filipa II. W roku planów. 186 p.n.e. stało si ę cz ęś ci ą Republiki Rzymskiej. W czasach średniowiecznych Ciekawe miejsca w Trikali: *Stare Miasto, które składa si ę z dwóch *Asklepiejon, czyli miejsce wykopalisk dzielnic: Varousi (cz ęść chrze ścija ńska podczas rz dów osma skich) oraz Manavika archeologicznych – jedno z najwa żniejszych ą ń w Grecji. *Bizantyjski zamek zbudowany w VI wieku przez Justyniana, nast ępnie przebudowany przez Turków, którzy na wie ży umie ścili wielki zegar. W 1936 zegar został wymieniony na nowy i do dzisiaj jest on symbolem miasta. *Park na wzgórzu Profitis Ilias. *Pochodz ący z 1886 roku Most Główny na rzecze Litaios. *Młyn Matsopulosa zbudowany w 1884. *Zbudowany w 1886 dworzec kolejowy. *Szesnastowieczny meczet Osmana Szacha (bratanka sułtana Sulejmana Wspaniałego). Eurociekawostki sytuacja, przewodniczący Rady Europejskiej może podjąć decyzję o zwołaniu nadzwyczajnego posiedzenia. Rada RADA EUROPEJSKA Europejska podejmuje decyzje zazwyczaj w drodze konsensusu, jednak traktaty Rada Europejska to instytucja przewidują kilka sytuacji, kiedy podejmuje (powstała na mocy Traktatu z Lizbony) Unii decyzje w drodze głosowania. Europejskiej mająca za zadanie wyznaczanie Przewodniczący Rady Europejskiej i ogólnych kierunków rozwoju Unii i jej przewodniczący Komisji nie biorą udziału w priorytetów politycznych. głosowaniu. W razie głosowania każdy z Rada Europejska składa się członków Rady Europejskiej może otrzymać pełnomocnictwo od co najwyżej jed-nego pozostałego członka. Rada Europejska podejmuje większością zwykłą decyzje w sprawach proceduralnych i uchwala regulamin wewnętrzny. PRZEWODNICZĄCY
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