DOCSLIB.ORG

Influence of Biochemical Parameters of Different Hosts on the Biology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Earias Vittella

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Influence of Biochemical Parameters of Different Hosts on the Biology of <Emphasis Type= Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.), Vol. 96, No.3, May 1987, pp. 329-332. C(: Printed in India. Influence of biochemical parameters of different hosts on the biology of Esriss vittella (Fab.) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) R SUNDARARAJ and BV DAVID Fredrick Institute of Plant Protection and Toxicology, Padappai 601 301, India Abstract, The present study aims to understand the influence of biochemical parameters of the host plants viz Abelmoschus esculentus L., Gossypium hirsutum L. and Ahuti/on indicum G. Den. on the reproductive biology of Earias tittella. The results indicate remarkable variation in the biochemical parameters of host plants which affected significantly the growth index and reproductive potential of the insect species. Decrease in body weight, fecundity, prolongation of larval period, percentage of larva becoming adult and adult longevity of both male and female was observed when reared on Abutilon indicum which had less amount of reducing sugars, protein and free amino acids but had high amount of non reducing sugars. Decreased larval period, increased fecundity and adult longevity were observed when reared on cotton and okra which had high amount of reducing sugars, free amino acids and protein. There was no significant difference in the amount of total soluble sugars'among the 3 hosts tested. The growth index and fecundity of Earias uittella are apparently high on okra than on cotton. It is observed that high amount of reducing sugars, free amino acids and protein seems to be favourable for increase in fecundity of Earias tittel!a. Keywords. Earias rittella: reproductive biology: okra: cotton; Abutilon indicum; biochemical parameters; incidence. 1. Introduction The pest status of an insect species depends on its ability to breed on a variety of host plants, comparative growth rate, fecundity, population dynamics and distribution (Ananthakrishnan 1977). It was reported by Khan and Rao (1960) that preferred hosts have a great influence on oviposition, fecundity, developmental period and longevity of adults of Earias vittella (Fab.) and E. insulana (Boisd.). Mehta and Saxena (1970) were the first to study the role of ovipositional responses of E. vittella in its establishment on different plants. Subsequently in 1973, they reported that growth of E. oittella varies with the degree of consumption, nutritive value and utilization of food from different plants. The insect grows best on diet whose nutritive value and degree of conversion into body matter are high. Krishna et al (1977) reported on oviposition in E. oittella in relation to adult nutrition, mating and some environmental factors. Vishwapremi and Krishna (1974) working on E. vittella brought to light the need for a carbohydrate diet, especially raffinose during its adult stage for achieving maximum fecundity. Hiremath (1984) investigated the host preference of E. oittell« on 7 different hosts under field conditions and the effect of these host plants on development, longevity and fecundity. Mani el al (1986) studied the effects of larval food quality of okra and Hibiscus rosasinensis on egg output and viability in E. oiuella. The present study aims to relate the biochemical nature of 3 host plants viz Abelmoschus esculentus L., Gossypium hirsutum L. and Abutilon indicum G. Den. with the reproductive biology of E. oittel!a. 329 330 R Sundararaj and B V David 2. Material and methods Three plant species viz A. esculentus (okra), and G. hirsutum (cotton) grown in fields and A. indicum found along the bunds in the campus of the Fredrick Institute of Plant Protection and Toxicology, Padappai, were taken up for investigations. From the laboratory culture of E. vittella adequate number of larvae were obtained for the studies. On each of the host plants viz A. esculentus (epicarp removed okra fruit), G. hirsutum (opened tender bolls of cotton) and A. indicum (opened young fruits), hundred freshly hatched larvae were released and the duration of larval and pupal stages, adult longevity and fecundity were also recorded. The studies were replicated thrice. Simultaneously, samples of the larval food material were analysed for reducing sugars, total sugars, free amino acids and protein. Ethanol extracts of the larval food material were obtained by using 80~~ ethanol. The reducing sugars were determined first and subsequently the nonreducing sugars in the extract were hydrolysed to reducing sugars and the total sugars were estimated by Nelson's (1944) method. By subtracting the reducing sugars from the total sugars the nonreducing sugars were estimated and expressed as glucose equivalents. Free amino acids were estimated by Moore and Stein's (1948) method and protein by Lowry's (1951) method (Mahadevan and Sridhar 1982). 3. Results and discussion The data presented in table 1 shows the developmental period, longevity, survival, weight of fourth instar larva, pupa and adult, fecundity and growth index of E. vittella on 3 hosts viz okra, cotton and A. indicum. The biochemical constituents of the larval food viz the seeds of the 3 host plants with regard to reducing sugars, nonreducing sugars, free amino acids and protein are furnished in table 2. The duration of larval and pupal period was considerably longer on A. indicum being 18·33 ± 3·70 and 13-03± 3·11 days respectively and the toal developmental period worked out was 32·10 ± 2·98 days. On the other hand, the total developmental period was the shortest on okra (26'90± 3-20 days) while slightly more on cotton being 27·90 ± 3·12 days. The percentage survival has been found to be the lowest on 'table 1. Biology of £. vitteUa on three different hosts. Duration (days) Total deve- lopmental Survival Growth Host Incubation Larva Pupa period (days) (Y.J index' Okra 4·5H:(}32 12-73*2041 1l-16±2'79 2&90;:1:3-20 68-OO±S·72 2·52±o-21 Cotton 4·SS±(}41 13-76±HO 12·36±2·S4 27-90±3-12 67-lX)±9-()<) NO± 9-09 A. illdicum 4·SH:(}38 18'33*3-70 13-ll3±H1 32-l0±2·98 26-33 ± 3'29 l-{12±(}13 Longevity (days) Weight (g) Host Male Female Fecundity IV instar Pupa Adult Okra 1(}76±2-20 14-60±H2 3S<Hi7± 28'77 C-084:l: oo11 (}()69 :l:0-005 0·024:l:(}()()4 Cotton 9-33:1:2-84 14'13:1: 3-()<) JOl-66± 14-52 (}()77:!: oo14 (}{)68 :l:(}009 0-023:1: (}()6 A. indicum 6-23:1::2045 9-90:l:2-98 135-00:1:: 2(}()5 (}()50:l:: oo13 (}()45:l: 0-005 0'014:l:0-003 Survival (%) 'Growth Index- Total developmental period Biochemical parameters ofdifferent hosts on E. vittella 331 Table 2. Biochemical constituents" in seeds of three hosts of E. vittella. Reducing Non reducing Total soluble Free amino Host sugars sugars sugars acids Proteins Okra 5·66 12-45 17·58 2·73 15·10 Cotton 5·88 13-34 18·62 2·65 14·64 A. indicum 1·74 16·38 18'12 1·85 12·02 *Values in mgjg (mean of 3 replications). A. indicum being 26·33±3·29 as against very high levels (67·00±9·09 to 68·00± 5'72% respectively) on cotton and okra. The growth index was also found to be poor in A. indicum and was fairly high in okra and cotton. The fecundity, longevity of adults and the weight of fourth instar larva, pupa and adult on okra was compara­ tivelyhigher than that of cotton. In these aspects there has been considerable reduction in case of A. indicum. The duration of larval and pupal periods, adult longevity and fecundity observed in the present study on okra, cotton and A. indicum are in conformity with the observations of Hiremath (191:!4). Vedamoorthy and Reed (1977) reported that the spotted bollworms E. vittella and E. insulana exhibits marked preference for various host plants. Vishwapremi and Krishna (1974) observed maximum fecundity in E. vittella when the larvae were reared on developing seeds of okra. It is obvious from the present study that okra and cotton are the most favoured hosts. This finds correlation with the high level of reducing sugars, free amino acids and proteins and low level of nonreducing sugars. In the unfavourable host namely A. indicum, reducing sugars and free amino acids are very low. The nonreducing sugars are considerably high and protein content is also comparatively very less. However, there is no much variation in the level of total sugars. Though Mehta and Saxena (1973) studied the nutritive value of host plants, there is no quantitative indication of the various biochemical parameters. Only qualitative assessments have been presented. It is evident from the present study that a high level of reducing sugars, free amino acids and proteins and low level of nonreducing sugars in the food plants of okra and cotton favour high fecundity, survival and quicker development of E. vittella and these nutrients are found in less amount in the unfavoured A. indicum. In this connection it may be of interest to note that high level of reducing sugars in Brassica campestris has been correlated with high level of infestation of the agromyzid pests viz Liriomyza brassicae Rilay and Chromatomyia horticola Gour (lpe 1985) and in rice increased amount of free amino acids was correlated with its susceptibility to yellow stem borer (Vidyachandra et aI1981). Though A. indicum was found in large numbers in the campus and throughout the state, periodical surveys revealed no natural infestation and the nonpreferred nature of the host might probably be responsible for this. In Karnataka, on the other hand infestation of E. vittella on A. indicum was observed and the mean number of fruiting bodies damaged was 0·\0 as against 5·74 on cotton and 60·68 on okra.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effect of Different Insecticides Against Spotted Bollworms (Earias Vittella F.) on Okra at BARDC Quetta
    Pure Appl. Biol., 7(2): 897-905, June, 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700109 Research Article Effect of different insecticides against spotted bollworms (Earias Vittella F.) on okra at BARDC Quetta 1* 2 1 Sher Ahmed , Nisar Ahmed , Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro , Muhammad 1 1 3 1 Yaqub , Abdul Latif , Iftikhar Ahmed , Munir Ahmad Khetran , Nadeem Sadiq1 and Amanullah1 1. PARC, Balochistan Agricultural Research and Development Centre western Bypass Brewery Road, Quetta- Pakistan 2. Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam-Pakistan 3. Department of Agriculture Extension, Rani Bagh Sariab Road, Quetta-Pakistan *Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] Citation Sher Ahmed, Nisar Ahmed, Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro, Muhammad Yaqub, Abdul Latif, Iftikhar Ahmed, Munir Ahmad Khetran Nadeem Sadiq and Amanullah. Effect of different insecticides against spotted bollworms (Earias Vittella F.) on okra at BARDC Quetta. Pure and Applied Biology. Vol. 7, Issue 2, pp897-905. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700109 Received: 20/04/2018 Revised: 25/06/2018 Accepted: 27/06/2018 Online First: 30/06/2018 Abstract The effect of different insecticides (Radiant, Steward, Coragen) was evaluated against spotted bollworm on okra during 2016. The experiment was conducted in RCBD with three replications and three treatments. Pretreatment observation was taken 24 hours before application of insecticides and post treatment observations were taken 48, 96 hours and 7 days after treatment. First spray after 96 hours’ the larvae population was lowest (0.90 plant-1) and after 7 days of spray highest (1.28 plant-1) while (2.09 plant- 1 live larvae plant-1) was recorded in control plot.
    [Show full text]
  • 229 Subpart—Miscellaneous Treatments PART 318
    Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA Pt. 318 retain records for 6 months for review sects remain, the fruit must be re- by APHIS. treated or destroyed. (ii) The drain in the bottom of the (c) Three alternative treatments for sterilizer must be cleaned between plant material not tolerant to fumigation. each cycle to ensure proper heat cir- Treatments are based on the character culation. of the plant material and the type of (4) All reevaluations and adjustments pests that may be found. must be observed by APHIS. (1) T201–p–1: For plant pests, except (c) T415–c, grinding and discharge into scale insects, hand removal of pests or a sewage system. The sewage system infested parts of plants followed by a must be approved by the Administrator detailed inspection to ensure plants are upon his/her determination that the pest free may be employed; system is designed and operated in (2) See hand removal plus malathion- such a way as to preclude the discharge carbaryl chemical dip T201–p–2 of sewage effluents onto land surface or (§ 305.10(d)) for alternative treatment; into lagoons or other stationary waters or and otherwise is adequate to prevent (3) T201–p–3: Following the hand re- the spread of plant pests and livestock moval of the visible plant pests or in- or poultry diseases. fested plant parts, the plant material must be treated with hot water at 112 § 305.41 [Reserved] °F for 20 minutes. This treatment is not effective against mature scale in- Subpart—Miscellaneous sects. Treatments PART 318—HAWAIIAN AND § 305.42 Miscellaneous treatment schedules.
    [Show full text]
  • ﭘﻨﺒﻪ ﻮزه ﻗ دار ر ﺧﺎ ﻛﺮم Earias Fabia (Stoll, 1781) Lepidoptera:Noctuidae
    وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت ﻛﺸﻮر راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ و ردﻳﺎﺑﻲ آﻓﺖ ﻗﺮﻧﻄﻴﻨﻪ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻛﺮم ﺧﺎردارﻗﻮزه ﭘﻨﺒﻪ Spiny cotton bollworm Earias fabia (Stoll, 1781) Lepidoptera:Noctuidae ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ: اﺣﻤﺪ ﭼﺮاﻏﻴﺎن دﻓﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﻬﺎر 1398 ﻛﺮم ﺧﺎردارﻗﻮزه ﭘﻨﺒﻪ Earias fabia (Stoll, 1781) Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Common name: Spiny bollworm, Rough bollworm Spiny cotton bollworm, shoot and fruit borer Synonyms: Earias vittella (Fabricius, 1794), Aphusia speiplena Walker, 1858 Micra partita Walker, 1865, Earias huegeli Rogenhofer اﻫﻤﻴﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي: اﻳﻦ ﺣﺸﺮه ﻳﻜﻲ ازآﻓﺎت ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﻨﺒﻪ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮﻗﻲ آﺳﻴﺎ و اﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺳﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﻳـﻚ ﻻرو آﻓـﺖ ﺗـﺎ %30 ، دوﻻروﺗﺎ40% ،ﭼﻬﺎرﻻرو ﺗﺎ60% و ﺷﺶ ﻻرو آﻓﺖ ﺗﺎ 75% ﺑﻪ ﻗﻮزه ﺧﺴﺎرت وارد ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ،اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﺎﻣﻴـﻪ ﺗـﺎ 20% در ﻓﻴﺠﻲ (Kamath (1979،ودر ﻫﻨﺪوﺳﺘﺎن ﺗـﺎ Srinivasan and Krishnakumar (1983) %36 ﺧﺴـﺎرت وارد ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ ، ﺧﺴﺎرت آﻓﺖ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﻴﺖ وﺑﺎزارﭘﺴﻨﺪي ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن ﻣﻴﺸﻮد، ﻟﺬا ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ آﻓﺖ ﻣﺬﻛﻮردر ﻟﻴﺴﺖ آﻓﺎت ﻗﺮﻧﻄﻴﻨﻪ اي اﻳﺮان و ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎ: ﭘﻨﺒﻪ وﺑﺎﻣﻴﻪ ازﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎي اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻴﮕﺮدﻧﺪ،ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎي آﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ: :(ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ)Major hosts Abelmoschus esculentus (okra), Gossypium hirsutum (Bourbon cotton) :(ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﻲ)Minor hosts Gossypium (cotton), Gossypium arboreum (cotton, tree), Hibiscus (rosemallows), Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Abutilon (Indian mallow) ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﺋﻲ: آﺳﻴﺎ:اﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎن، ﺑﻨﮕﻼدش، ﺑﺮوﻧﺌﻲ داراﻟﺴﻼم، ﻛﺎﻣﺒﻮج، ﭼﻴﻦ، ﻫﻨﺪ، اﻧﺪوﻧﺰي، ﻛﺮه ﺷـﻤﺎﻟﻲ، ﻻﺋـﻮس ، ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻤـﺎر، ﻣـﺎﻟﺰ ي، ﻓﻴﻠﻲ ﭘﻴﻦ ،ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎن،ﺳﻨﮕﺎﭘﻮر، ﺳﺮﻳﻼﻧﻜﺎ،ﺗﺎﻳﻠﻨﺪ، وﻳﺘﻨﺎم، اﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺳﻴﻪ: اﺳﺘﺮاﻟﻴﺎ ،ﻓﻴﺠﻲ،ﮔﻮام، ﺳﺎﻣﻮا، ﺗﻮﻧﮕﺎ،ﺟﺰاﻳﺮ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎن،ﭘﺎﭘﻮاﮔﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﻮ، آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ:ﺳﻴﺸﻴﻞ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ آﻓﺖ ﻛﺮم ﺧﺎردارﻗﻮزه ﭘﻨﺒﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ: ﺗﺨﻢ ﻫﺎ ي اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻛﺮوي ﺷﻜﻞ و ﺣﺪود 5/0ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻗﻄﺮ دارﻧﺪ ، ﺑﻪ رﻧﮓ آﺑﻲ روﺷﻦ- ﺳﺒﺰ، زﺑـﺮ و ﻧﺎﺻـﺎف ،ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﺨﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﺎ 30 ﻋﺪد ﺷﻴﺎر ﻃﻮﻟﻲ دﻳﺪه ﻣﻴﺸﻮد،ﺗﺨﻢ ﻫﺎ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﮔﺮز ﺧﺸﺨﺎش ﺑﻮده(Pearson, 1958) و در ﻣﻮﻗـﻊ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺦ ﺑﻪ رﻧﮓ ﻗﻬﻮه اي دﻳﺪه ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ(Singh and Bichoo, 1989).
    [Show full text]
  • Aravalli Range of Rajasthan and Special Thanks to Sh
    Occasional Paper No. 353 Studies on Odonata and Lepidoptera fauna of foothills of Aravalli Range, Rajasthan Gaurav Sharma ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 353 RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA Studies on Odonata and Lepidoptera fauna of foothills of Aravalli Range, Rajasthan GAURAV SHARMA Zoological Survey of India, Desert Regional Centre, Jodhpur-342 005, Rajasthan Present Address : Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata - 700 053 Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata Zoological Survey of India Kolkata CITATION Gaurav Sharma. 2014. Studies on Odonata and Lepidoptera fauna of foothills of Aravalli Range, Rajasthan. Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No., 353 : 1-104. (Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata) Published : April, 2014 ISBN 978-81-8171-360-5 © Govt. of India, 2014 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED . No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, resold hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher’s consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which, it is published. The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page. Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by a sticker or by any other means is incorrect and should be unacceptable. PRICE Indian Rs. 800.00 Foreign : $ 40; £ 30 Published at the Publication Division by the Director Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata - 700053 and printed at Calcutta Repro Graphics, Kolkata - 700 006.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Development of the Male Genitalia and the Efferent Genital Ducts in Lepidoptera
    On the Development of the Male Genitalia and the Efferent Genital Ducts in Lepidoptera. By Dev Raj Mehta, M.Sc, Ph.D. (Cantab.) University Scholar of the Government of the Punjab. From the Department of Zoology, Cambridge. With 18 Text-figures. CONTENTS. PAGE INTRODUCTION .......... 35 MATEBIAL AND TECHNIQUE . .37 NOMENCLATURE 39 DESCRIPTION OF THE GENITAL ORGANS IN THE IMAGO . .39 DEVELOPMENT : (a) Genitalia 41 (6) Efferent Genital Ducts ....... 51 SUMMARY 59 REFERENCES .......... 60 INTRODUCTION. ONLY in a few groups of insects has the homology of the external genitalia been determined by investigations into the development of these organs. During the concluding part of the last century two conflicting views were held regarding the nature of gonapophyses. Accord- ing to Lacaze-Duthiers (1849-53), Grassi (1889), and Haase (1889) they are integumental outgrowths corresponding to the ' styloid' processes (' Griffel') which are present on the abdomen and inserted at the bases of the legs in such generalized insects as the Thysanura. On the other hand, Weismann (1864), Kraepelin (1873), Dewitz (1875), Huxley (1877), and Cholodkovsky (1891a) showed that the gonapophyses are comparable to the true D2 36 DBV RAJ MEHTA ambulatory legs. In this connexion Kraepelin (1873), Dewitz (1875), and others described these appendages as arising from imaginal discs, and Wheeler (1893) showed that there exists a direct continuity of the embryonic appendages with the Zander (1900,1901,1903) actually described the development of the penis and the gonapophyses ('valvae') in the post- embryonic stages of Hymenoptera, Trichoptera, and Lepido- ptera from paired rudiments or buds on the ninth abdominal segment. This formed a basis for later work on these lines, and his conclusions were largely confirmed in certain other insect orders.
    [Show full text]
  • Caribbean Food Crops Society
    CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY SERVING THE CARIBBAN SINCE 1963 MEM4JRIA DE LA 2Sa REUNHJN ANUAL Agosto 9-15, 1992 Santo Domingo. Republica Dominicana Publicado por: Sociedad Caribefia de Cultivos Alimenticios y Fundaci6n de Desarrollo Agropecuario Santo Domingo, Republica Dominlcana FU N D A ~ C I O N DE DESARROLLO AGROPECUARIO, INC. Copies ofthis publication may be obtained from: Secretariat, CFCS C/O University of the Virgin Islands V.1. Cooperative Extension Service Route 02, Box 10,000 Kingshill, St. Croix U. S. Virgin Island 00850 or from: CFCS treasurer C/O P.O. Box 506 Isabela, Puerto Rico 00663 FDA C/O P.O. Box 567'2 Jose Amado Soler No. 50 Ensanche Piantini, Santo Domingo, Republica Dorninicana Copyright 1993 The mention of company and trade names does not imply endorsement of the Caribbean Food Crops Society. CONTENIDO Inaugurachm PAGINA Palabras de Bienvenida del Dr. Jose Miguel Bonetti, Presi- 1 dente de la Fundacion de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Inc. (FDA) y Presidente de la 288 Reunion Anual de la Sociedad Caribefia de Cultivos Alimenticios (CFCS). Palabras de Apertura por el Dr. DarshanrPadda, Presidente 6 de la Sociedad Caribefia de Cultivos Alimenticios (CFCS). Discurso Inaugural por el Ing. Agron Nicolas Concepcion 8 Garcia, Secretario de Estado de Agricultura de la Republica Dominicana. SESIONES TECNICAS PROTECCION VEGETAL. Buscando enfermar a Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: 10 Thipidae) en Puerto Rico. G.A. Mejia Mesa. Toxoptera citricidus (Hemiptera: Aphididae) en Republica 22 Dominicana: Una Amenaza para las Plantaciones de Citri- cos, J. Etienne, A. Abud-Antun, M. Reyes, F. Diaz. The Bemisia tabaci Problem in Martinique, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Insect Pests and Insecticides
    Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 Volume 6 Number 5 1965 Article 10 1-1-1965 Kimberley Research Station progress report, 1964 : insect pests and insecticides K T. Richards Follow this and additional works at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4 Part of the Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons, Animal Experimentation and Research Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Richards, K T. (1965) "Kimberley Research Station progress report, 1964 : insect pests and insecticides," Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4: Vol. 6 : No. 5 , Article 10. Available at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4/vol6/iss5/10 This article is brought to you for free and open access by Research Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 by an authorized administrator of Research Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KIMBERLEY RESEARCH STATION PROGRESS REPORT PART 3 INSECT PESTS AND INSECTICIDES By K. T. RICHARDS FOR the past four years, detailed studies have been carried out in regard to the identification, status, bionomics, and control of insects and mite pests attacking the various crops grown in the Ord River Irrigation Area. During this period the main pests of Saff lower the respective crops (in descending order Prodenia litura (F.) Heliothis puncti­ of importance) were: gera Wallengr., Austracris guttulosa (Walk.), Heliothis armigera (Hubn.). Cotton MAJOR PESTS Linseed Prodenia litura (F) Tobacco cluster grub; Earias huegeli Rog. Rough bollworm; Prodenia litura (F.), Heliothis punc­ Heliothis punctigera Wallengr.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf (299.54 K)
    Provided for non-commercial research and education use. Not for reproduction, distri bution or commercial use. Vol. 8 No. 3 (2015) Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences is the official English language journal of the Egyptian Society for Biological Sciences, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Shams University. Entomology Journal publishes original research papers and reviews from any entomological discipline or from directly allied fields in ecology, behavioral biology, physiology, biochemistry, development, genetics, systematics, morphology, evolution, control of insects, arachnids, and general entomology. www.eajbs.eg.net ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citation: Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci. (A. Entomology) Vol.8 (3)pp. 127-135 (2015) Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 8(3): 127 - 135 (2015) Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences A. Entomology ISSN 1687- 8809 www.eajbs.eg.net Biological Studies of Earias insulana (Boisd.) Field Strains at Different Constant Temperature Degrees Hemat Z. Moustafa1; Amany M. Rizk2 and Kreema A. El-Lebody1 1- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza. 2-Dept.Sustainable Development, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, Sadat Univ., Egypt. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History Earia insulana (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae and/or pupae Received: 19/11/2015 (cocoons) were collected from five different cotton varieties (Giza 45, Giza Accepted: 22/12/2015 86, Giza 87, Giza 88, and Giza 92) have been grown in Sakha, Kafr El- Sheikh-Governorate at the end of cotton season 2014. Some biological _________________ aspects of these populations were investigated under laboratory conditions Keywords: at three constant temperatures (25, 27 and 30˚C). Earias insulana The present results concluded that, the tested temperatures had main SBW Biology effect on stages durations, survival, adult emergence percentages, sex ratio, Cotton Varieties and fecundity of field SBW strain.
    [Show full text]
  • The Major Arthropod Pests and Weeds of Agriculture in Southeast Asia
    The Major Arthropod Pests and Weeds of Agriculture in Southeast Asia: Distribution, Importance and Origin D.F. Waterhouse (ACIAR Consultant in Plant Protection) ACIAR (Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research) Canberra AUSTRALIA The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has a special research competence. Where trade names are used this constitutes neither endorsement of nor discrimination against any product by the Centre. ACIAR MO'lOGRAPH SERIES This peer-reviewed series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or deemed relevant to ACIAR's research objectives. The series is distributed internationally, with an emphasis on the Third World. © Australian Centre for 1I1lernational Agricultural Resl GPO Box 1571, Canberra, ACT, 2601 Waterhouse, D.F. 1993. The Major Arthropod Pests an Importance and Origin. Monograph No. 21, vi + 141pI- ISBN 1 86320077 0 Typeset by: Ms A. Ankers Publication Services Unit CSIRO Division of Entomology Canberra ACT Printed by Brown Prior Anderson, 5 Evans Street, Burwood, Victoria 3125 ii Contents Foreword v 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3 3. Contributors 5 4. Results 9 Tables 1. Major arthropod pests in Southeast Asia 10 2. The distribution and importance of major arthropod pests in Southeast Asia 27 3. The distribution and importance of the most important arthropod pests in Southeast Asia 40 4. Aggregated ratings for the most important arthropod pests 45 5. Origin of the arthropod pests scoring 5 + (or more) or, at least +++ in one country or ++ in two countries 49 6.
    [Show full text]
  • 181 Part 318—Hawaiian and Territorial
    Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA Pt. 318 Food and Drug Administration is re- 318.13–12 Posting of warning notice and dis- sponsible for ensuring that irradiated tribution of baggage declarations. foods are safe and wholesome for 318.13–13 Movements by the Department of Agriculture. human consumption. 318.13–14 Parcel post inspection. (Approved by the Office of Management and 318.13–15 Costs and charges. Budget under control number 0579–0155) 318.13–16 Withdrawal of certificates, transit permits, limited permits, or compliance agreements. PART 318—HAWAIIAN AND 318.13–17 Transit of fruits and vegetables TERRITORIAL QUARANTINE NOTICES from Hawaii into or through the conti- nental United States. Subpart—Hawaiian Fruits, Vegetables, and Flowers Subpart—Sweetpotatoes QUARANTINE 318.30 Notice of quarantine. 318.30a Administrative instructions author- Sec. izing movement from Puerto Rico of cer- 318.13 Notice of quarantine. tain sweetpotatoes grown under specified 318.13a Administrative instructions pro- conditions. viding exemptions from specified require- ments. Subpart—Territorial Cotton, Cottonseed, and Cottonseed Products RULES AND REGULATIONS 318.13–1 Definitions. QUARANTINE 318.13–2 Regulated articles. 318.47 Notice of quarantine. 318.13–3 Conditions of movement. 318.47a Administrative instructions relating 318.13–4 Conditions governing the issuance to Guam. of certificates or limited permits. 318.13–4a Administrative instructions au- RULES AND REGULATIONS thorizing the movement from Hawaii of 318.47–1 Definitions. frozen fruits and vegetables. 318.47–2 Articles the movement of which is 318.13–4b Administrative instructions; prohibited or regulated. conditions governing the interstate 318.47–3 Conditions governing the issuance movement from Hawaii of certain fruits of certificates and permits.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Total Gossypol Concentration on Spotted Bollworm Earias Spp. in Different Gamma Irradiated Cotton Lines
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2015; 3(4): 296-302 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Effect of total Gossypol Concentration on Spotted JEZS 2015; 3(4): 296-302 © 2015 JEZS Bollworm Earias Spp. in different Gamma Irradiated Received: 02-06-2015 Accepted: 04-07-2015 Cotton Lines Fateh Muhammad Kanher Department of Entomology, Fateh Muhammad Kanher, Tajwar Sultana Syed, Taj Muhammad Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Sindh, Pakistan. Jahangir, Ghulam Hussain Abro Tajwar Sultana Syed Abstract Department of Entomology, The gossypol content of cotton Gossypium spp. has been of interest to plant breeders because those that Sindh Agriculture University have high levels often carry resistance to the spotted bollworm. However, its presence has economic Tandojam Sindh, Pakistan. disadvantages to the seed and oil processing industry. The cage experiment was evaluated on no food Taj Muhammad Jahangir choices of Earias insulana (Boisd.) and Earias vittella (Fab.) and their relation with gossypol Institute of Advanced Research concentration in floral squares, flowers and green bolls during 2009. The result showed that highly Studies in Chemical Sciences susceptible parent line St-7 and B-3 irradiated with 250 Gy and highly resistance St-7 and SP cotton lines (IARSCS), University of Sindh, treated with 150 Gy to both Earias spp. A correlation showed significant and non-significant negative Jamshoro, Pakistan. correlations with gossypol concentration in all parent and their gamma irradiated (150, 200, 250 Gy) cotton lines against both Earias spp. Correlation coefficient results revealed that the maximum gossypol Ghulam Hussain Abro concentration was most important factor to develop resistance against both spotted bollworm species.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Different Temperatures on the Development of Spotted Bollworm, Earias Vittella (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Laboratory
    Sindh Univ. Res. Jour. (Sci. Ser.) Vol.44 (3) 487-490 (2012) SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL (SCIENCE SERIES) Effect Of Different Temperatures On The Development Of Spotted Bollworm, Earias Vittella (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In The Laboratory M. A. SHAH, N. MEMON, A. MANAN* N.A. SHAH Department of Zoology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro Received 15th April 2012 and Revised 2nd August 2012 Abstract: Earias vittella is a major lepidopteron pest of cotton in Pakistan and it causes heavy infestation in cotton crop. Present study of biology of Earias vittella carried out in the laboratory under controlled conditions at different temperatures (27, 31 and 35±1°C). E. vittella was reared on its natural diet cotton shoots, flowers and bolls. Highest mortality recorded in the first larval instars and Egg, 14 % and 10 % respectively; the lowest mortality recorded in the fourth larval instars and pupae 1.2, 1.65%. Total cumulative % of survival recorded 62.85%. Life cycle completed in 23-47 days. Male dies after few days of mating. Present study revealed that temperature played vital role in the development and growth rate of vittella; highest rate was on 35 ±1°C but even then its control is possible if management measures could have taken at first and second larval instars which are relatively more vulnerable than other stages; it was also observed that most strong was the fourth larval stage. Keywords: Earias vittella, Larval instars, Cumulative survival % age, Lepidoptera 1. INTRODUCTION (Leghari et al 2002), and Leghari and kalro 2002) Cotton (Gosspium hirsutum L) is one of the reported that in Sindh maximum damage caused by main cash crops of Pakistan.
    [Show full text]