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Brassicaceae: Chromosome Number Index and Database on CD-Rom Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 237–248 (2006) DOI 10.1007/s00606-006-0421-1 Brassicaceae: Chromosome number index and database on CD-Rom S. I. Warwick1 and I. A. Al-Shehbaz2 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 2Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, USA Received October 6, 2005; accepted November 27, 2005 Published online: June 19, 2006 Ó Springer-Verlag 2006 Abstract. A summary of chromosome numbers has separated and arranged by increasing number, been prepared for the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) records with the same value were sorted alpha- family. Over 9000 chromosome counts have been betically by country, and lastly by chronological compiled from the literature. Chromosome numbers date of the report. The literature source for each are known from 232 of the 338 (68.6%) genera and count is provided, and includes the source 1558 of the 3709 (42.0%) of the species in the family. (REPORT_BY) if different from the authors of Counts in the excel database have been arranged the publication. The final column for each record according to currently accepted taxonomy, and includes for each count, country of origin and (REPORT_AS) indicates the name of the taxon reference citation. that the count was reported as, if different from the accepted name. The latter synonyms also Key words: Brassicaceae, chromosome number, appear in the alphabetized taxon list (in italics), Cruciferae, chromosome counts, cytology. with the instruction to see the accepted name for information on counts reported under that name. The last column may also indicate if the count has been reassigned by other authors, or Introduction to the database would appear to be erroneous due to misidentif- A summary of chromosome numbers has been ication and/or other errors. All literature cita- prepared for the Brassicaeae (Cruciferae) family. tions are provided in a separate file. Over 9000 chromosome counts have been com- Chromosome numbers are known from piled from literature dating from the first com- 232 of the 338 (68.6%) genera and 1558 of the prehensive cytological studies of Manton (1932) 3709 (42.0%) of the species in the family and Jaretzky (1928, 1932) through to 2005. (summarized in Table 1). A continuous series Chromosome counts in the database (Microsoft of base chromosome numbers from 4 to 13 excel format) have been arranged according to (17) exists, but a surprisingly high percentage the currently accepted taxonomy; see Species (37%) appear to be based on eight. The Checklist for the Brassicaceae in the same issue haploid numbers are often highly variable (Warwick et al.). For each accepted taxon (in even within genera (e.g. Brassica with n =7, bold), haploid (n) and diploid (2n) counts were 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19). The lowest number 238 S. I. Warwick and I. A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae: Chromosome number index and database Table 1. Summary for each genus, number of species counted, base chromosome number, and summary of n and 2n chromosome numbers for the genus Genus No. No. Base Chromosome Species Species Chromosome No. counted No. (x) (n,2n) Acanthocardamum Thell. 1 – – – Achoriphragma Soja´k4–– – Aethionema R. Br. 56 16 7, 8 n = 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 22, 24; 2n = 14, 16, 22, 24, 28, 36, 48, 60 Alliaria Heist. ex Fabr. 2 1 7, 9 n = 7, 18, 21; 2n = 36, 42 Alyssoides Mill. 2 2 8 2n =8,16 Alyssopsis Boiss. 2 1 8 n =8 Alyssum L. 195 103 7, 8 n = 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 24, 32; 2n = 14, 16, 24, 28, 30, 32, 46, 48, 64, 88, 92 Ammosperma Hook. f. 2 – – – Anastatica L. 1 1 11 2n =22 Anchonium DC. 2 1 7, 8 n =7;2n = 14, 16, 21 Andrzeiowskia Rchb. 1 – – – Anelsonia J.F. Macbr. 11 7 n =7 & Payson Aphragmus Andrz. ex DC. 11 2 7, 8 n =7,8 Aplanodes Marais 2 – – – Arabidella (F. Muell.) 61 12 n = 12, 18 O.E. Schulz Arabidopsis (DC.) Heynh. 11 7 5, 8 n = 5, 8, 12, 14, 16; 2n = 10, 16, 20, 22, 26, 28, 32, 48 Arabis L. 118 59 6, 7, 8 n = 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 16, 21, 32; 2n =8, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 24, 28, 30, 32 Arcyosperma O.E. Schulz 1 – – – Armoracia Gaertn., 33 8or16n = 16; 2n =32 B. Mey. & Scherb. Aschersoniodoxa Gilg 3– – – & Muschl. Asperuginoides Rauschert 1 1 8 2n =16 Asta Klotzsch & 21 10 n =10 O.E. Schulz ex O.E. Schulz Atelanthera Hook. f. 1– – – & Thomson Athysanus Greene 2 1 13 2n =26 Aubrieta Adans. 12 7 8 n =8;2n = 16, 32 Aurinia Desv. 9 9 8 n = 8, 16; 2n =16 Baimashania Al-Shehbaz 2 – – – Ballantinia Hook. f. 1– – – ex E.A. Shaw Barbarea R. Br. 29 12 8, 9 n =8;2n = 16, 18 Berteroa DC. 5 4 8 n =8;2n =16 Berteroella O.E. Schulz 1 – – – Biscutella L. 53 35 6, 8, 9 n =6,8,9,18;2n = 12, 16, 18, 36, 54 Bivonaea DC. 1 – – – Blennodia R. Br. 2 1 12 n =12 S. I. Warwick and I. A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae: Chromosome number index and database 239 Table 1. (Continued) Genus No. No. Base Chromosome Species Species Chromosome No. counted No. (x) (n,2n) Boechera A. Lo¨ ve 65 34 6, 7, 8 n = 6, 7, 8, 14, 15, 16, 21; 2n = 12, 14, &D.Lo¨ ve 21, 28 Boreava Jaub. & Spach 2 2 7 2n =14 Bornmuellera Hausskn. 7 2 8 2n =16 Borodinia N. Busch 1 1 7 2n =14 Botschantsevia Nabiev 1 – – – Brassica L. 39 33 7, 8, 9, n = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20; 10, 11 2n = 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 27, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 44 Braya Sternb. & Hoppe 13 10 14, 16 n = 14, 16, 21, 28, 32, 35; 2n = 28, 32, 42, 48, 56, 64, 70 Brayopsis Gilg & Muschl. 6 – – – Brossardia Boiss. 1 1 14 n = 14; 2n =28 Bunias L. 3 2 7 n =7;2n = 14, 28, 42 Cakile Mill. 6 6 9 n = 9, 18; 2n = 18, 36 Calepina Adans. 1 1 7 n = 14, 21; 2n = 14, 28 Callothlaspi F.K. Mey. 1 – – – Calymmatium O.E. Schulz 2 – – – Camelina Crantz 11 5 6, 8, 10, 13 n = 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 20; 2n = 12, 16, 26, 32, 40 Camelinopsis A.G. Mill. 1 1 7 n =7 Capsella Medik. 5 3 8 n = 8, 16; 2n = 16, 32 Cardamine L. 197 85 6, 7, 8, 10 n = 7, 8, 12, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 24, 26, 26–28, 27, 28, 30, 32, 36, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 128; 2n = 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 30, 32, 36, 40, 42, 42–48, 48, 52–54, 56, 64, 72, 72–88, 80, 88, 96, 110, 112, 116, 119, 128, 130–134, ±208, ±240 Carinavalva Ising 1 – – – Carrichtera DC. 1 1 8 n =8;2n = 16, 32 Catadysia O.E. Schulz 1 – – – Catenulina Soja´k1––– Catolobus (C.A. Mey.) 11 7,82n = 16, 21 Al-Shehbaz Caulanthus S. Watson 17 15 10, 12, 14 n = 10, 12, 14; 2n = 24, 28, 38, 48 Ceratocnemum 11 8 n =8 Coss. & Balansa Chalcanthus Boiss. 1 1 7 n =7;2n =14 Chamira Thunb. 1 – – – Chartoloma Bunge 1 – – – Chaunanthus O.E. Schulz 3 – – – Chilocardamum O.E. Schulz 1 – – – Chlorocrambe Rydb. 1 – – – Chorispora R. Br. ex DC. 11 4 7, 9 n = 7, 9, 14; 2n =14 Christolea Cambess. 21 7 2n =14 ex Jacquem. 240 S. I. Warwick and I. A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae: Chromosome number index and database Table 1. (Continued) Genus No. No. Base Chromosome Species Species Chromosome No. counted No. (x) (n,2n) Chrysochamela (Fenzl) Boiss. 3 1 8 2n =16 Cithareloma Bunge 3 1 13 n = 13; 2n =26 Clastopus Bunge ex Boiss. 2 2 8 2n =16 Clausia Korn.-Trotzky 6 1 7 2n = 14, 28 Clypeola L. 9 4 7, 8 n = 7, 8, 14, 16; 2n = 14, 16, 32 Cochlearia L. 19 14 6, 7 n = 6, 7, 12, 14, 21, 24; 2n = 12, 14, 18, 24, 26, 28, 36, 38, 42, 48, 54, 60 Coincya Porta & Rigo ex Rouy 6 6 12 n = 12, 24; 2n = 24, 48 Coluteocarpus Boiss. 1 1 7 2n =14 Conringia Heist. ex Fabr. 6 5 7, 9 n =7,9;2n = 14, 18, 28 Cordylocarpus Desf. 1 1 8 2n =16 Crambe L. 34 20 15 n = 15, 30, 45, 60; 2n = 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 Crambella Maire 1 1 11 n =11 Cremolobus DC. 8 – – – Crucihimalaya Al-Shehbaz, 9 5 7, 8, 9 n =8,9;2n = 14, 16 O’Kane & R.A. Price Cryptospora Kar. & Kir. 3 1 7 2n =14 Cuphonotus O.E. Schulz 2 – – – Cusickiella Rollins 2 – – – Cymatocarpus O.E. Schulz 3 – – – Cyphocardamum Hedge 1 – – – Dactylocardamum Al-Shehbaz 1 – – – Degenia Hayek 1 1 8 2n =16 Delpinophytum Speg. 1 – – – Descurainia Webb & Berthel. 48 21 7 n = 7, 14, 21; 2n = 14, 21, 28, 36, 42 Desideria Pamp. 12 2 7 2n =14 Diceratella Boiss. 11 1 11 n =11 Dichasianthus Ovcz. & Yunussov 1 – – – Dictyophragmus O.E. Schulz 2 – – – Didesmus Desv. 2 2 8 n =8;2n =16 Didymophysa Boiss. 2 1 7, 8 2n = 14, 16 Dielsiocharis O.E. Schulz 2 1 7, 8 n =8,14 Dilophia Thomson 2 – – – Dimorphocarpa Rollins 4 3 9 n =9;2n =18 Diplotaxis DC. 32 22 7, 8, 9, 10, n = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 21; 2n = 14, 16, 11, 13 18, 20, 22, 26, 38, 42 Dipoma Franch.
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