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Dalit Factor in Bihar's Politics
7. The (Maha) Dalit Factor in Bihar’s Politics Shreyas Sardesai* Until the 2010 election for the Bihar Assembly, elections in the state were largely analysed in terms of a six caste categories – Upper castes, Yadavs, other OBCs, Pasis, other Dalits and Muslims. Since 2007 however, Bihar politics has witnessed new developments and the caste dimension of elections cannot be fully understood without taking into account two additional caste categories, namely EBCs or Extremely Backward Classes, and Mahadalits. This chapter seeks to analyse the emergence of latter and its implications. In August 2007, the Nitish Kumar led JDU-BJP government set up the Bihar State Mahadalit Commission to “identify the castes within Scheduled Castes who lagged behind in the development process” and to “study [their] educational and social status and suggest measures for [their] upliftment”. In April 2008, 18 Dalit castes were brought under the Mahadalit category to begin with. These are Bantar, Bauri, Bhogta, Bhuiya, Chaupal, Dabgar, Dom/Dhangad, Ghasi, Halalkhor, Hari/Mehtar/Bhangi, Kanjar, Kurariar, Lalbegi, Musahar, Nat, Pan/Swasi, Rajwar and Turi. Three months later Dhobi and Pasi castes were also added to the Mahadalit category based on the Commission’s recommendation and then Chamars were also included in the Mahadalit category by the state government in November 2009 on the grounds that they too were lagging in literacy and economic status and were victims of untouchability at the hands of other Mahadalit castes1. The only sub-caste that was left out was Paswan or Dusadh *Author is Research Associate at Lokniti, Centre for the Study of Developing Societies. -
Transcripts of Letters in Maine Voices from the Civil War
Transcripts of letters in Maine Voices from the Civil War The following documents have been transcribed as closely as possible to the way that they were written. Misspelled words, length of line, creative use of grammar follow the usage in the documents. Text in [brackets] are inserted or inferred by the transcriber. If they are accompanied by a question mark, it represents the transcribers best guess at the text. Most of the documents are from Maine State Museum (MSM) collections. The MSM number is our accession number. Items from other institutions are located at the end of the document. Those institutions include the Maine State Archives and the National Archives. More information about Maine State Archives documents can be found by searching their website using the writer’s name: http://www.maine.gov/sos/arc/sesquicent/civilwarwk.shtml Samuel Cony to Mrs. Elizabeth B. Leppien MSM 00.38.3 STATE OF MAINE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Augusta, December 12, 1865. MRS. ELIZABETH B. LEPPIEN: Madam,—Your note of the 9th instant, announcing your pur- pose to present to the State of Maine the sword of your son, Lieut. Col. George F. Leppien, of the 1st Maine Light Artillery, is received. Be pleased to acdept my thanks in behalf of the Stte therefor. This sword, when received, shall be placed in the archives of the State, and preserved as a memento of that gallant young man who sacrificed his life upon the alter of his country. Col. Leppien, was neither a son or citizen of the State, except by adoption, but we nevertheless feel that he belongs to Maine, whose commission he bore with high honor to himself and to her. -
SEVEN YOUTHS DIE AS TRAIN Snmadto WASHINGTON EXCITED CAPITOUS FIRE
i i ■’'■ * ■ . ,' : '• ' ■ ■' ‘ ■ ■y--■■■■■-.* * ^ . * « « 'I'k o • • » » !*■•••• •.'•‘ ♦•kkn .7 ^ ^ •, L . ■ •• . V h. ... .1 V • • - • ' •- NET PRESS BUN . Forecast by f). S,. W egtte n v tfo rd . /AVERAGE DAILY CBRCULATION r ^ ',’ ' ■ for ttie* Month of Dooeinbcr, 1929. Fair and colder toidfht; Sunday 5 > 5 1 6 fto with rising temperatdfo. BlembeM of tlie Audit Bnreun of . i 1 ^ Clrcntatlona ^U T H MAN€HBSTBit,"C0NN.i SAtUBDAY, JANUARYji, 1930. ^OTEEIN PAG^ PRICE THREE CEN"r^ VOL. XLIV., NO. 81. (OlassMed Adverttslng on Page 18) ■« LAUGHTER AIDS CURBS SEVEN YOUTHS IN GERMAN HOSPITAL J. P. M O RG AN ’S GIFT TO U ; S.‘ Berlin, Jan. 4.— (A P )—Laugh FLEES ter has been added to the cura tive agents in the Charite Hospi HMSHINGOUT DIE AS TRAIN tal here. It happened rather accidental ly after a theatrical company had given a performance for I^GPROBLEMS Snm ADTO “chair cases” and patients able to navigate on crutches. “A Jump Into Matrimony” was the farce and it caused 5Yales of mer Foreii^ Minister of Ger- Roland Lalone Who KUkd Were Reluming from Bas- riment, many in the audience having their first laughs in To D riv e 80Q months. many Has Stormy Inter State Poficeman at Pom- ketbaU Game in Bus— AD In many of the csises, more over, the doctors found the ef view With Premier Tar- $1.50 fects of the laughter of distinct fret, One of Trio Who CnI High School Age— Eight therapeutic value. Consequently there are to be periodic repeti dien of France. (AP) —Afand reach New York next Monday Bars in Skylight and Es Others Are Injured. -
India Architecture Guide 2017
WHAT Architect WHERE Notes Zone 1: Zanskar Geologically, the Zanskar Range is part of the Tethys Himalaya, an approximately 100-km-wide synclinorium. Buddhism regained its influence Lungnak Valley over Zanskar in the 8th century when Tibet was also converted to this ***** Zanskar Desert ཟངས་དཀར་ religion. Between the 10th and 11th centuries, two Royal Houses were founded in Zanskar, and the monasteries of Karsha and Phugtal were built. Don't miss the Phugtal Monastery in south-east Zanskar. Zone 2: Punjab Built in 1577 as the holiest Gurdwara of Sikhism. The fifth Sikh Guru, Golden Temple Rd, Guru Arjan, designed the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) to be built in Atta Mandi, Katra the centre of this holy tank. The construction of Harmandir Sahib was intended to build a place of worship for men and women from all walks *** Golden Temple Guru Ram Das Ahluwalia, Amritsar, Punjab 143006, India of life and all religions to come and worship God equally. The four entrances (representing the four directions) to get into the Harmandir ਹਰਿਮੰਦਿ ਸਾਰਹਬ Sahib also symbolise the openness of the Sikhs towards all people and religions. Mon-Sun (3-22) Near Qila Built in 2011 as a museum of Sikhism, a monotheistic religion originated Anandgarh Sahib, in the Punjab region. Sikhism emphasizes simran (meditation on the Sri Dasmesh words of the Guru Granth Sahib), that can be expressed musically *** Virasat-e-Khalsa Moshe Safdie Academy Road through kirtan or internally through Nam Japo (repeat God's name) as ਰਿਿਾਸਤ-ਏ-ਖਾਲਸਾ a means to feel God's presence. -
Heads of Constitutional Bodies
BANK GK FACT FILES Heads of Constitutional Bodies Prime Ministers of India Sr.No. Term of Office Name Party 1 2014 - present Narendra modi Bharatiya Janata Party 2 2004 – 2014 Dr. Manmohan Singh Indian National Congress 3 1998 - 2004 Atal Bihari Vajpayee Bharatiya Janata Party 4 1997 - 1998 Inder Kumar Gujral Janata Dal 5 1996 - 1997 H. D. Deve Gowda Janata Dal 6 1996 Atal Bihari Vajpayee Bharatiya Janata Party 7 1991 - 1996 P. V. Narasimha Rao Indian National Congress 8 1990 - 1991 Chandra Shekhar Samajwadi Janata Party 9 1989 - 1990 V. P. Singh Janata Dal 10 1984 - 1989 Rajiv Gandhi Indian National Congress 11 1980 - 1984 Indira Gandhi Indian National Congress 12 1979 - 1980 Charan Singh Janata Party (Secular) 13 1977 - 1979 Morarji Desai Janata Party 14 1966 - 1977 Indira Gandhi Indian National Congress 15 1966 Gulzarilal Nanda Indian National Congress 16 1964 - 1966 Lal Bahadur Shastri Indian National Congress 17 1964 Gulzarilal Nanda Indian National Congress 18 1947 - 1964 Jawaharlal Nehru Indian National Congress Presidents of India End of Term of Sr.No. Start of Term of Office Name Office 1 2012 -- Pranab Mukherjee 2 2007 2012 Pratibha Patil 3 2002 2007 A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 4 1997 2002 Kocheril Raman Narayanan 5 1992 1997 Shankar Dayal Sharma 6 1987 1992 Ramaswamy Venkataraman 7 1982 1987 Giani Zail Singh 8 1977 1982 Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 9 1974 1977 Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 10 1969 1974 Varahagiri Venkata Giri 11 1969 1969 Muhammad Hidayatullah 12 1969 1969 Varahagiri Venkata Giri 13 1967 1969 Zakir Hussain 14 1962 1967 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 15 1950 1962 Rajendra Prasad B-GK-FF 35 © www.TestFunda.com BANK GK FACT FILES Chief Ministers of India Sr.No. -
Rocky Mountain National Park Lawn Lake Flood Interpretive Area (Elevation 8,640 Ft)
1 NCSS Conference 2001 Field Tour -- Colorado Rocky Mountains Wednesday, June 27, 2001 7:00 AM Depart Ft. Collins Marriott 8:30 Arrive Rocky Mountain National Park Lawn Lake Flood Interpretive Area (elevation 8,640 ft) 8:45 "Soil Survey of Rocky Mountain National Park" - Lee Neve, Soil Survey Project Leader, Natural Resources Conservation Service 9:00 "Correlation and Classification of the Soils" - Thomas Hahn, Soil Data Quality Specialist, MLRA Office 6, Natural Resources Conservation Service 9:15-9:30 "Interpretive Story of the Lawn Lake Flood" - Rocky Mountain National Park Interpretive Staff, National Park Service 10:00 Depart 10:45 Arrive Alpine Visitors Center (elevation 11,796 ft) 11:00 "Research Needs in the National Parks" - Pete Biggam, Soil Scientist, National Park Service 11:05 "Pedology and Biogeochemistry Research in Rocky Mountain National Park" - Dr. Eugene Kelly, Colorado State University 11:25 - 11:40 "Soil Features and Geologic Processes in the Alpine Tundra"- Mike Petersen and Tim Wheeler, Soil Scientists, Natural Resources Conservation Service Box Lunch 12:30 PM Depart 1:00 Arrive Many Parks Curve Interpretive Area (elevation 9,620 ft.) View of Valleys and Glacial Moraines, Photo Opportunity 1:30 Depart 3:00 Arrive Bobcat Gulch Fire Area, Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest 3:10 "Fire History and Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation Efforts" - Carl Chambers, U. S. Forest Service 3:40 "Involvement and Interaction With the Private Sector"- Todd Boldt; District Conservationist, Natural Resources Conservation Service 4:10 "Current Research on the Fire" - Colorado State University 4:45 Depart 6:00 Arrive Ft. Collins Marriott 2 3 Navigator’s Narrative Tim Wheeler Between the Fall River Visitors Center and the Lawn Lake Alluvial Debris Fan: This Park, or open grassy area, is called Horseshoe Park and is the tail end of the Park’s largest valley glacier. -
Civil War Era Correspondence Collection
Civil War Era Correspondence Collection Processed by Curtis White – Fall 1994 Reprocessed by Rachel Thompson – Fall 2010 Table of Contents Collection Information Volume of Collection: Two Boxes Collection Dates: Restrictions: Reproduction Rights: Permission to reproduce or publish material in this collection must be obtained in writing from the McLean County Museum of History Location: Archives Historical Sketch Scope and Content Note Biographical Sketches Anonymous: This folder consists of one photocopy of a letter from an unknown soldier to “Sallie” about preparations for the Battle of Allegheny Mountain, Virginia (now West Virginia). Anonymous [J.A.R?]: This folder contains the original and enlarged and darkened copies of a letter describing to the author’s sister his sister the hardships of marching long distances, weather, and sickness. Reuben M. Benjamin was born in June 1833 in New York. He married Laura W. Woodman in 1857. By 1860, they were residents of Bloomington, IL. Benjamin was an attorney and was active in the 1869 Illinois Constitutional Convention. Later, he became an attorney in the lead Granger case of Munn vs. the People which granted the states the right to regulate warehouse and railroad charges. In 1873, he was elected judge in McLean County and helped form the Illinois Wesleyan University law school. His file consists of a transcript of a letter to his wife written from La Grange, TN, dated January 21, 1865. He may have been part of a supply train regiment bringing food and other necessities to Union troops in Memphis, TN. This letter mentions troop movements. Due to poor health, Benjamin served only a few months. -
Teacher Guide 2.Indd
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area 20 HWY 14 A East Lovell, WY 82435 EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area School Curriculum Teacher’s Guide Grades K-8 Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Curriculum Teacher’s Guide Grades K-8 Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Lovell, Wyoming/Fort Smith, Montana Produced by the Division of Publications National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, DC Bunkhouse as M/L Ranch NPS Photo Dear Teacher I began working at Bighorn Canyon curriculum is designed to meet Wyo- National Recreation Area as a sea- ming and Montana state standards. sonal ranger in 1998. I have had In this guide you will fi nd several the opportunity to work in the fi eld activities with background informa- as well as with the public. For the tion. Some activities are designed last fi ve years, I have worked in the as pre-fi eld trip and post-fi eld trip interpretation division. It is my job activities while others are designed to to tell visitors about the park and stand alone for those teachers that to research and write text for the are unable to bring their students to signs seen along the road. Through Bighorn Canyon. my research, I am always inspired to explore new places in the canyon; Please use this as you see fi t. Most learning a little more about the park activities were developed with a every year. -
BOLT-November-2020
oliveboard November 2020 Monthly Current Affairs CLICK HERE TO PREPARE FOR IBPS, SSC, SBI, RAILWAYS & RBI EXAMS IN ONE PLACE Bolt is a series of GK Summary ebooks by Oliveboard for quick revision oliveboard.in www.oliveboard.in Table of Contents Banking & Finance ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Economy ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9 National ........................................................................................................................................................................... 11 International ................................................................................................................................................................ 16 States/UTs ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Sports ................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 Agreements & MoUs ................................................................................................................................................. 34 Schemes ......................................................................................................................................................................... -
Thetribunechd /Thetribunechd
13 chandigarh | gurugram | jalandhar | bathinda | jammu | srinagar | vol.3 no.273 | 16 pages | ~4.50 | regd.no.chd/0006/2018-2020 established in 1881 | thursday, october 3,2019 /thetribunechd /thetribunechd www.tribuneindia.com THE TRIBUNE NATION JALANDHAR | THURSDAY | 3 OCTOBER 2019 QUOTEUNQUOTE KILLERS CLAIMING Mahatma Gandhi pioneered successive non-violent movements that changed history. 150 years since his birth, Gandhi’s GANDHI’S LEGACY philosophy is at the core of our work at the UN. May his courage and conviction continue to inspire us. Antonio Guterres, UN CHIEF Those who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi are now ❝ trying to make him their own. They are trying to Tributes & political jostling to claim Bapu’s legacy interpret Gandhi’s statements in their favour. NewDelhi, October 2 remembrances of the Mahatma Pinarayi Vijayan, KERALA CM His writings, his spoken words and efforts to understand his pro- HOUSE REMEMBERS HIM and vignettes from his life — found contribution to society. ■ Parliament paid tributes to cele- HIS INDIA UNDER Mahatma Gandhi was the President Ram Nath Kovind, brate the 150th birth anniversary SEVERE ATTACK refrain in the farthest corners of Vice President Venkaiah Naidu of Mahatma Gandhi. Lok Sabha India on his 150th birth anniver- and Modi led the nation in paying Speaker Om Birla said not just Today, as we inaugurate sary on Wednesday as tributes rich tributes to the Father of the India, the entire world was cele- #SurjeetBhawan, it is poured in and parties jostled to Nation at his memorial in Rajghat. brating the birth anniversary Gandhi's 150th birth stake claim to his legacy. -
Dehradun, Three Each from Year of Independence
. 1 : '$ ; ; ; SIDISrtVUU@IB!&!!"&#S@B9IV69P99I !%! %! ' $+'$# ,-./ 3!4!34/ 53)678 03)(& $ %4 9876%3?5463 ?93C43"'92 ,- 9'43 8!C C6 %562!C$54 4/---- '45%659273!& "%!$5"%9"34&8 63!B$7'6C436!3 63 483 6!35893 832%686$98 2%3'6?8% 2%!!5633!8 %&4 36?486 '4%8'93 %@'48"'A6#@&' <5 2 ()'* /=$$!# 0- < 4 0 ,10 232,4 ,2 2 R 34&'45%6 China has all along It was in an apparent ref- opposed the Quad and claims erence to China’s belligerence ignaling the growing impor- that it will lead to militarisation with India and other nations Stance of India and its of the region. always maintaining free move- !"#$& alliance with the US, Japan and With India emerging as ment of maritime assets in the ! Australia under the aegis of the one of the leading players in Indo-Pacific. Quad, Prime Minister fighting the challenge of coro- In his remarks, US Narendra Modi on Friday said na pandemic by having world President Joe Biden said there "#$ the coalition has come of age class pharmaceutical industry, is a need to focus on generat- and it will now remain an Biden said the Quad nations ing domestic demand and dri- important pillar of stability in are launching a new ambi- ving sustainable global growth. % the region. tious joint partnership to boost He talked about an ambitious Underlining the impor- vaccine manufacturing for the new joint partnership that is tance of a secure, stable and global benefit, strengthen vac- going to boost vaccine manu- prosperous Indo-Pacific region, cinations to benefit the entire facturing and strengthen vac- # #' he also talked about the shared Indo-Pacific. -
Dehradun Ings
1 6#2 - !/"!7 "!7 7 SIDISrtVUU@IB!&!!"&#S@B9IV69P99I !%! %! ' ') '%*+,- 2##23 825.9* 42567 - 4+1.152; +21)33.)+#42;))3 ;1)3 )2;+2% )+#< 2134+35 45-)34)1.); +;)(+( <) ); ;1)43?);#1;. ;)4+;)+-; 4)2+();4 21)23+15 )<N#5(4O 214;)2 4<21;))2=+>)<)2) 3 $&8 ''( &8 9) .!1 ) ! . *+./0/*1*// &$ 12134+ )+ # gainst the backdrop of a Asudden rise in coronavirus n a first major reshuffle of top $ cases in many States, Prime IIPS officers undertaken after Minister Narendra Modi on the arrest and suspension of & Wednesday stressed the need P explosive laden SUV recovery- for checking the “emerging linked police officer Sachin second peak” of the pandemic Vaze, the Maharashtra in the country and sought Government shunted out States to create micro-contain- Mumbai Police Commissioner Industrial Security Force ment centres and speed up the Param Bir Singh and replaced (CISF). vaccination drive. 12134+ him with current Director Singh’s transfer as the In the meeting of Chief General of Police (DGP) Mumbai Police Commissioner Ministers called by him to iving up to its reputation as Hemant Nagrale. was very much on the cards decide new Covid-19 strategy, " $ % % '() * $ Lthe “pharmacy of the Announcing the appoint- after the embarrassment that Modi said, “Test, track and + ! "# world,” India has played a lead- ment of Nagrale as Mumbai’s the Maharashtra Government treat mantra” should be fol- ing role in supplying vaccine to new Police Commissioner, faced in the wake of the arrest lowed to combat the “second the State Chief Secretary. there’s no wastage,” he told the centres to limit the spread of more than 70 nations in the Maharashtra Home Minister of Mumbai’s Assistant Police peak” of the pandemic.