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Multimédia En Voiture

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Multimédia En Voiture Carpeia : Multim´edia en voiture Y. Mor`ere F´evrier 2005 R´esum´e Le but de ce projet est de r´ealiser un lecteur multim´edia embarqu´epour la voiture. Il est bas´esur une distribution Linux multim´edia (GeexBox) dans sa version 0.98.5 et un mat´eriel de type PC (carte Epia VIA) sans disque dur. Le d´emarrage du syst`eme d’exploitation sera assur´epar une carte Compact Flash directement branch´ee sur le port IDE via un adaptateur. Il doit permettre de lire diff´erents types de fichiers audio et vid´eo ainsi que les DVD. Ce document pr´esente les diff´erents mat´eriels utilis´es ainsi que la mise en œuvre pour la r´ealisation. Table des mati`eres 1 Introduction / Cahier des charges 2 2 Syst`eme d’exploitation 2 3 M´edium de boot 3 4 Configuration et installation GeexBox 5 4.1 Configuration de la langue .............................. 5 4.2 Configuration de Mplayer .............................. 6 4.3 Configuration des autres options ........................... 7 4.4 Compilation ...................................... 7 4.5 Installation sur la Compact Flash .......................... 7 5 Carte m`ere 12 6 Boˆıtier 13 7 Lecteur Slim DVD 14 8 T´el´ecommande 14 9 Alimentation 15 10 Tests de la distribution 16 11 Montage dans le boˆıtier Morex 3677 19 Documentation Graoulug 2 12 Installation de Linux sur un disque externe en USB2 23 12.1 Probl`eme d’installation des distributions standards ................ 23 12.2 Solution mettre le noyau sur un autre m´edia .................... 23 13 Installation du Lecteur DVD/Graveur CD-RW 26 1 Introduction / Cahier des charges Le projet doit aboutir `aun lecteur multim´edia embarquable dans un v´ehicule et facilement d´emontable afin de pouvoir ˆetre aussi utilis´ecomme lecteur de salon avec tr`espeu de modifi- cation. Il doit par cons´equent ˆetre de petite taille et consommer peu d’´energie. Il doit ˆetre facile d’u- tilisation par l’interm´ediaire d’une t´el´ecommande. Par ailleurs les mises `ajours des ”codecs logiciels” doit ˆetre simple et ne doit pas ˆetre un facteur limitant. Notre lecteur doit pouvoir lire un maximum de format de fichier (audio comme video). Notre projet ne doit pas ˆetre bas´esur un produit propri´etaire et sera donc bas´esur des outils libres. Il est important afin de limiter la consommation en ´energie d’´eviter d’utiliser un disque dur pour d´emarrer le syst`eme d’exploitation. On utilisera un support de type flash disque pour booter. L’affichage pourra ˆetre assurer par un ´ecran plat 14” standard oubien une t´el´evision. 2 Syst`eme d’exploitation La premi`erepartie du travail consiste `ainstaller le syst`eme d’exploitation multim´edia sur un support de type flash disque. Il faut d’une part choisir la distribution Linux adapt´ee et d’autre part le support physique adapt´e.les sites suivants nous fournissent pas mal d’indications : B http://www.knoppix.net/docs/index.php/KnoppixCustomizations B http://www.linuxlinks.com/Distributions/Mini_Distributions/index.shtml B http://silent.gumph.org/content/4/1/011-linux-on-cf.html B http://web.tvnetwork.hu/~krichy/cfdev/ B http://www.linuxdevices.com/cgi-bin/board/UltraBoard.pl?Action=PrintableTopic&Post= 426&Board=100&Idle=0&Sort=0&Order=Descend&Page=0&Session= B http://www.embeddedx86.com/linux/html_docs/new_cf_method.html B http://www.embeddedx86.com/linux/documents.htm B http://www.tux.org/pub/people/kent-robotti/looplinux/rip/ B http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/~pointer/pcm5820lrp/pcm5820-lrp-howto.html B http://rz-obrian.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/knoppix-usb/ B http://featherlinux.berlios.de/ B http://www.lahiette.com/biboobox/?Biboobox ou encore le site http://www.freevix.org/ freevix - media orientated linux distribution news|download|docs|forum|mailinglist This is a list of the hardware I use in my system- freevix as supplied should work just fine for anyone using this stuff, and compiling your own kernel should make freevix work on whatever hardware you like, probably...! Y. Mor`ere Carpeia : Multim´edia en voiture Documentation Graoulug 3 * VIA EPIA-ME6000/EPIA-800 mainboards * 256MB RAM * Casetronic Mini-ITX-2699R (small black ITX case) * ACSControl ACS-CF-IDEtoCFA (IDE to Compact Flash adapter) * Sandisk 64MB compact flash memory card (~ 3 years old now) * RCA Systemlink 8AV R/C * Serial IRMAN compat IR reciever No hard disk? Nope. I originally used the IDE-CF adapter and booted my media box from that, but I then got around to booting over the network with PXE, and since it was so much faster, I use that exclusively now. Notre choix s’est port´evers la distribution GeeXBoX http://www.geexbox.org qui est com- pos´eed’un noyau Linux 2.6 et du lecteur multim´edia mplayer http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ homepage/design7/news.html r´eput´epour lire un grand nombre de format audio et video. Il s’agit en mˆeme temps d’une distribution ”live” qui boote sur un cd et que l’on peut installer sur un autre m´edia, mais aussi d’une distribution que l’on peut configurer, adapter, compiler et installer directement `apartir de ses sources. C’est cette solution que nous choisirons, afin d’´eviter de graver un cd `achaque fois que l’on veut modifier notre distribution. De plus elle est de tr`espetite taille, car elle n’a besoin que de 16 Mo pour s’installer. Elle int`egre aussi un support natif des t´el´ecommandes aux caract´eristiques LIRC, telle l’ATI Remote Wonder. Par ailleurs, elle contient des utilitaires qui facilitent grandement l’installation sur des supports de stockage. L’autre grand int´erˆetde cette distribution est qu’elle charge tout en ram disque, et donc il n’y a lecture sur le m´edia de d´emarrage que lors du chargement du noyau et de l’application. Ceci est un plus pour l’utilisation des flash disque qui sont r´eput´eslents en ´ecriture, avec un nombre limit´ed’´ecritures. La mise en œuvre est d´ecrite plus loin dans ce document. Le mat´eriel utilis´edans ce projet peut ˆetre trouv´esur les sites suivants : B http://www.thinkitx.com/ B http://www.itx-france.com/ B http://www.mini-itx.com/store/ B http://boutique.ryxeo.com/ B http://www.clust.com/ B http://www.laptopservice.fr/ 3 M´edium de boot On sait d´ej`aque le m´edia de boot sera de type flash disque ? Encore faut il d´eterminer quel type nous allons utiliser. Nous avons laisser de cot´eles ”disk on chip” trop cher, les cl´eUSB, les cartes Smart M´edia, au profit de la carte compact flash qui est certe d´ej`aancienne et un peu d´epass´ee, mais qui poss`ede l’agr´eable avantage de poss´eder une connectique native IDE comme son cousin le microdrive. On pourra donc directement utiliser la carte compact flash comme un disque dur IDE standard, ce qui va faciliter la mise en œuvre sous linux. Y. Mor`ere Carpeia : Multim´edia en voiture Documentation Graoulug 4 Il suffit pour cela d’utiliser un adaptateur Compact Flash IDE pour connecter une carte m´emoire Compact Flash sur un connecteur IDE de disque dur. Par contre ce type de mat´eriel peu cher est assez difficile `atrouver en France. Je n’ai trouv´e qu’une seule soci´et´eque le commercialise par internet : http://boutique.ryxeo.com/product_ info.php?products_id=1 au prix de 20 e environ. Cet adaptateur Compact Flash IDE (CF IDE) vous permet de connecter une carte m´emoire Compact Flash sur un connecteur IDE de disque dur. * Faible consommation ´electrique (moins de 0.5 Watts); * D´emarrage ultra rapide (pas de lancement des t^etes de lectures comme sur un disque dur); * Acc`es rapide en lecture (attention les compacts flash sont r´eput´ees pour ne pas ^etre tr`esrapides en ´ecriture); * Taux de transferts plus rapides que les Disk On Chip; * Peu sensible aux chocs et vibration (en comparaison avec les disques durs); * Aucun pilote ou logiciel sp´ecifique n´ecessaire, la compact flash se comporte exactement comme un disque dur; * Aucun bruit (nuisances sonores = 0); * Taille de 5,08 cm sur 10,16 cm, soit la taille d’une base de disque dur IDE classique 3"1/2; * Connexion sur un port IDE classique 40 broches (44 broches c’est pour les disques de portables avec alimentation int´egr´ee); * Alimentation ´electrique via un connecteur disque dur; * Cavalier de s´election Ma^ıtre/Esclave; ATTENTION: cet adaptateur Compact Flash IDE (CF IDE) ne permet pas de faire du hotswap. Pour des adaptateurs Hot-Swap c’est dans un autre ordre de prix. Si vous voulez du hot-swap pour d´evelopper par exemple sur vos compact flash, nous vous conseillons plut^ot d’utiliser un adaptateur USB Compact Flash ou pcmcia/pccard Compact Flash ... Voici l’adaptateur en vrac dans le PC et `ala suite d’un montage plus propre : Y. Mor`ere Carpeia : Multim´edia en voiture Documentation Graoulug 5 4 Configuration et installation GeexBox Avant toutes il faut pr´eciser que si, comme moi, vous d´esirez recompiler compl`etement votre geexbox, il vous sera n´ecessaire d’installer un noyau 2.6. En effet la distribution a besoin du syst`eme de fichier sysfs ou /sys qui se trouve `apartir du noyau 2.6 (”D’ailleur ¸can’est normalement pas n´ec´essaire pour la compilation compl`ete de geexbox ! C’est uniquement utilis´e par l’installator, donc uniquement pour faire l’installation directement depuis la distrib linux.” pr´ecision d’Aurelien Jacobs).
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