Multimedia in Embedded Linux Systems
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Customizable Multimedia Devices in Virtual Environments
Customizable Multimedia Devices in Virtual Environments Ankur Pai, Balasubramanian Seshasayee, Himanshu Raj and Karsten Schwan Center for Experimental Research in Computer Systems Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332–0250 fpaiankur, bala, rhim, [email protected] Abstract—The separation of logical from physical devices maintain a consistent view of physical devices by presenting provided by modern virtualization techniques can be used to only a common minimal set of device features is too limiting enhance device functionality, including by emulating non-native and worse, it cannot account for changes in the environmental device functions in software. Such logically extended devices are particularly promising in the mobile domain, for embedded conditions or contexts in which devices are used. machines, handhelds, or phones. Challenges arise, however, from We argue that device sharing and interoperation in mobile the highly heterogeneous nature of portables and the devices with systems requires models and interfaces with which virtual- which they can interact. This suggests that device extensions ization infrastructures can dynamically change device func- should be dynamic, varied at runtime to adjust to new user needs and/or changes in environmental conditions. This paper tionality to account for runtime changes in device use, con- presents a model for runtime device extension and for then using ditions, and contexts. This paper presents such a model. It such extended devices. The model provides uniform interfaces to implements the safe, runtime extension of device functionality, native and extended devices, permits the safe runtime extension by enabling the virtualization layer, guest operating systems, of device functionality, and can be shown to operate across both or applications to safely specify and deploy custom code that stationary and mobile platforms, and arbitrary operating systems and applications. -
Version 7.8-Systemd
Linux From Scratch Version 7.8-systemd Created by Gerard Beekmans Edited by Douglas R. Reno Linux From Scratch: Version 7.8-systemd by Created by Gerard Beekmans and Edited by Douglas R. Reno Copyright © 1999-2015 Gerard Beekmans Copyright © 1999-2015, Gerard Beekmans All rights reserved. This book is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Computer instructions may be extracted from the book under the MIT License. Linux® is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Linux From Scratch - Version 7.8-systemd Table of Contents Preface .......................................................................................................................................................................... vii i. Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................. vii ii. Audience ............................................................................................................................................................ vii iii. LFS Target Architectures ................................................................................................................................ viii iv. LFS and Standards ............................................................................................................................................ ix v. Rationale for Packages in the Book .................................................................................................................... x vi. Prerequisites -
OM-Cube Project
OM-Cube project V. Hiribarren, N. Marchand, N. Talfer [email protected] - [email protected] - [email protected] Abstract. The OM-Cube project is composed of several components like a minimal operating system, a multi- media player, a LCD display and an infra-red controller. They should be chosen to fit the hardware of an em- bedded system. Several other similar projects can provide information on the software that can be chosen. This paper aims to examine the different available tools to build the OM-Multimedia machine. The main purpose is to explore different ways to build an embedded system that fits the hardware and fulfills the project. 1 A Minimal Operating System The operating system is the core of the embedded system, and therefore should be chosen with care. Because of its popu- larity, a Linux based system seems the best choice, but other open systems exist and should be considered. After having elected a system, all unnecessary components may be removed to get a minimal operating system. 1.1 A Linux Operating System Using a Linux kernel has several advantages. As it’s a popular kernel, many drivers and documentation are available. Linux is an open source kernel; therefore it enables anyone to modify its sources and to recompile it. Using Linux in an embedded system requires adapting the kernel to the hardware and to the system needs. A simple method for building a Linux embed- ded system is to create a partition on a development host and to mount it on a temporary mount point. This partition is filled as one goes along and then, the final distribution is put on the target host [Fich02] [LFS]. -
Camera Driver Development.Pptx
CAMERA DRIVER DEVELOPMENT Kyle Xu OUTLINE Prepare the Hardware Set up Environment Write a Camera Driver Solve Remaining Problems PREPARE THE HARDWARE TI OMAP4 Pandaboard Aptina AR0832 Image Sensor Ominivision OV5650 Image Sensor Pandaboard Adapters and Connectors Datasheets AR0832 OV5650 PREPARE THE HARDWARE System Setup OUTLINE Prepare the Hardware Set up Environment Write a Camera Driver Solve Remaining Problems SET UP ENVIRONMENT Install Ubuntu 12.04 on Pandaboard Powerful and fast server for cross compilation 32-core 5 min on server vs. 5 hours on Pandaboard Understand Data Path and Interfaces DATA PATH Camera Serial Interface (CSI-2) Image Sub-System (ISS) Image Sensor INTERFACE: CSI-2 N data lanes and one data clock lane Each lane is a pair of +/- lines. I2C standard control interface (CCI) SCL SDA INTERFACE: Hardware Level Pandaboard Camera Expansion Connector (J-17) 5 CSI-2 lanes (including one CLK lane) I2C control lines (SCL, SDA) Other lines for battery power, camera clock, GPIO… Image Sensor 2 CSI-2 data lanes + 1 CSI-2 clock lane I2C control lines (as slave) Powered from on board battery OUTLINE Prepare the Hardware Set up Environment Write a Camera Driver Solve Remaining Problems WRITE A CAMERA DRIVER Describe the camera to the board Write the driver file a. Voltage Regulator and Clock b. I2C Bus c. V4L2 d. Driver Framework e. Complete Template Implement the driver to Linux Kernel DESCRIBE THE CAMERA TO THE BOARD Create ar0832.h to describe camera’s platform information struct ar0832_platform_data containing fields about voltage regulator, clock, power on/off methods Edit board-omap4panda-camer.c Assign values or functions to ar0832_platform_data’s fields. -
I Know What You Streamed Last Night: on the Security and Privacy of Streaming
Digital Investigation xxx (2018) 1e12 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Digital Investigation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/diin DFRWS 2018 Europe d Proceedings of the Fifth Annual DFRWS Europe I know what you streamed last night: On the security and privacy of streaming * Alexios Nikas a, Efthimios Alepis b, Constantinos Patsakis b, a University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK b Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou Str, 18534 Piraeus, Greece article info abstract Article history: Streaming media are currently conquering traditional multimedia by means of services like Netflix, Received 3 January 2018 Amazon Prime and Hulu which provide to millions of users worldwide with paid subscriptions in order Received in revised form to watch the desired content on-demand. Simultaneously, numerous applications and services infringing 15 February 2018 this content by sharing it for free have emerged. The latter has given ground to a new market based on Accepted 12 March 2018 illegal downloads which monetizes from ads and custom hardware, often aggregating peers to maximize Available online xxx multimedia content sharing. Regardless of the ethical and legal issues involved, the users of such streaming services are millions and they are severely exposed to various threats, mainly due to poor Keywords: fi Security hardware and software con gurations. Recent attacks have also shown that they may, in turn, endanger Privacy others as well. This work details these threats and presents new attacks on these systems as well as Streaming forensic evidence that can be collected in specific cases. Malware © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Linux Kernal II 9.1 Architecture
Page 1 of 7 Linux Kernal II 9.1 Architecture: The Linux kernel is a Unix-like operating system kernel used by a variety of operating systems based on it, which are usually in the form of Linux distributions. The Linux kernel is a prominent example of free and open source software. Programming language The Linux kernel is written in the version of the C programming language supported by GCC (which has introduced a number of extensions and changes to standard C), together with a number of short sections of code written in the assembly language (in GCC's "AT&T-style" syntax) of the target architecture. Because of the extensions to C it supports, GCC was for a long time the only compiler capable of correctly building the Linux kernel. Compiler compatibility GCC is the default compiler for the Linux kernel source. In 2004, Intel claimed to have modified the kernel so that its C compiler also was capable of compiling it. There was another such reported success in 2009 with a modified 2.6.22 version of the kernel. Since 2010, effort has been underway to build the Linux kernel with Clang, an alternative compiler for the C language; as of 12 April 2014, the official kernel could almost be compiled by Clang. The project dedicated to this effort is named LLVMLinxu after the LLVM compiler infrastructure upon which Clang is built. LLVMLinux does not aim to fork either the Linux kernel or the LLVM, therefore it is a meta-project composed of patches that are eventually submitted to the upstream projects. -
Institutionen För Datavetenskap Department of Computer and Information Science
Institutionen för datavetenskap Department of Computer and Information Science Final thesis Simulation of Set-top box Components on an X86 Architecture by Implementing a Hardware Abstraction Layer by Faruk Emre Sahin Muhammad Salman Khan LITH-IDA-EX—10/050--SE 2010-12-25 Linköpings universitet Linköpings universitet SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden 581 83 Linköping Linköping University Department of Computer and Information Science Final Thesis Simulation of Set-top box Components on an X86 Architecture by Implementing a Hardware Abstraction Layer by Faruk Emre Sahin Muhammad Salman Khan LITH-IDA-EX—10/050—SE 2010-12-25 Supervisors: Fredrik Hallenberg, Tomas Taleus R&D at Motorola (Linköping) Examiner: Prof. Dr. Christoph Kessler Dept. Of Computer and Information Science at Linköpings universitet Abstract The KreaTV Application Development Kit (ADK) product of Motorola en- ables application developers to create high level applications and browser plugins for the IPSTB system. As a result, customers will reduce develop- ment time, cost and supplier dependency. The main goal of this thesis was to port this platform to a standard Linux PC to make it easy to trace the bugs and debug the code. This work has been done by implementing a hardware abstraction layer(HAL)for Linux Operating System. HAL encapsulates the hardware dependent code and HAL APIs provide an abstraction of underlying architecture to the oper- ating system and to application software. So, the embedded platform can be emulated on a standard Linux PC by implementing a HAL for it. We have successfully built the basic building blocks of HAL with some performance degradation. -
Openbricks Embedded Linux Framework - User Manual I
OpenBricks Embedded Linux Framework - User Manual i OpenBricks Embedded Linux Framework - User Manual OpenBricks Embedded Linux Framework - User Manual ii Contents 1 OpenBricks Introduction 1 1.1 What is it ?......................................................1 1.2 Who is it for ?.....................................................1 1.3 Which hardware is supported ?............................................1 1.4 What does the software offer ?............................................1 1.5 Who’s using it ?....................................................1 2 List of supported features 2 2.1 Key Features.....................................................2 2.2 Applicative Toolkits..................................................2 2.3 Graphic Extensions..................................................2 2.4 Video Extensions...................................................3 2.5 Audio Extensions...................................................3 2.6 Media Players.....................................................3 2.7 Key Audio/Video Profiles...............................................3 2.8 Networking Features.................................................3 2.9 Supported Filesystems................................................4 2.10 Toolchain Features..................................................4 3 OpenBricks Supported Platforms 5 3.1 Supported Hardware Architectures..........................................5 3.2 Available Platforms..................................................5 3.3 Certified Platforms..................................................7 -
Audio Video Graphics Working Group Session
Audio Video Graphics Working Group Session San Jose meeting Pieter van de Meulen WG chair 26 January, 2005 CE Linux Forum Technical Conference 1 AVG WG – todays objective: Audio Video 2D 3D Renesas, Mitsubishi, Conexant DirectFB Philips, Samsung UH API P hilips Multi-FB …. OpenGL …. …. …. 26 January, 2005 CE Linux Forum Technical Conference 2 Recall: 25th/26th Presentations • DirectFB - Dennis Oliver Kropp; Convergence ● http://www.directfb.org/ • OpenGL ES, OpenVG and OpenMAX - Ed Plowman; ARM ● http://www.khronos.org/ • Graphics APIS for Linux - Matsubara, Hagiwara, Hisao Munakata; Renesas • Creating GTK+ based UI's for embedded devices - Markku Ursin, Movial ● http://www.gtk.org/ • Linux DVB - Michael Hunold; Convergence ● http://www.linuxtv.org/ • UHAPI (AV streaming) tutorial - John Vugts; Philips/Samsung ● http://www.uhapi.org/ 26 January, 2005 CE Linux Forum Technical Conference 3 Recall: Jan. 25th Demos • FB (Multi-framebuffer) ● Philips: PNX8550 running Linux; dual framebuffer and AV accel. • DirectFB ● Conexant: DVD processor running CELF Linux with DirectFB. ● Mitsubishi: ARIB plane model emulated on DirectFB window system ● Mitsubishi: MPEG4 Player (via GTK+) running on Renesas SH-4 ● Renesas: GTK+ and GUI without X11 • UHAPI (AV streaming): ● Philips open source demo on PC • DTV ● Toshiba America/Europe: DTV reference solution and Home Gateway. • 3D graphics ●Renesas: demo by SI-Electronics on SH-4 and Power VR ●Pioneer: OpenGL 26 January, 2005 CE Linux Forum Technical Conference 4 Linux APIs (2004/6 status) & CCEELLFF VV11..00 -
Release Notes for X11R7.5 the X.Org Foundation 1
Release Notes for X11R7.5 The X.Org Foundation 1 October 2009 These release notes contains information about features and their status in the X.Org Foundation X11R7.5 release. Table of Contents Introduction to the X11R7.5 Release.................................................................................3 Summary of new features in X11R7.5...............................................................................3 Overview of X11R7.5............................................................................................................4 Details of X11R7.5 components..........................................................................................5 Build changes and issues..................................................................................................10 Miscellaneous......................................................................................................................11 Deprecated components and removal plans.................................................................12 Attributions/Acknowledgements/Credits......................................................................13 Introduction to the X11R7.5 Release This release is the sixth modular release of the X Window System. The next full release will be X11R7.6 and is expected in 2010. Unlike X11R1 through X11R6.9, X11R7.x releases are not built from one monolithic source tree, but many individual modules. These modules are distributed as individ- ual source code releases, and each one is released when it is ready, instead -
Debian \ Amber \ Arco-Debian \ Arc-Live \ Aslinux \ Beatrix
Debian \ Amber \ Arco-Debian \ Arc-Live \ ASLinux \ BeatriX \ BlackRhino \ BlankON \ Bluewall \ BOSS \ Canaima \ Clonezilla Live \ Conducit \ Corel \ Xandros \ DeadCD \ Olive \ DeMuDi \ \ 64Studio (64 Studio) \ DoudouLinux \ DRBL \ Elive \ Epidemic \ Estrella Roja \ Euronode \ GALPon MiniNo \ Gibraltar \ GNUGuitarINUX \ gnuLiNex \ \ Lihuen \ grml \ Guadalinex \ Impi \ Inquisitor \ Linux Mint Debian \ LliureX \ K-DEMar \ kademar \ Knoppix \ \ B2D \ \ Bioknoppix \ \ Damn Small Linux \ \ \ Hikarunix \ \ \ DSL-N \ \ \ Damn Vulnerable Linux \ \ Danix \ \ Feather \ \ INSERT \ \ Joatha \ \ Kaella \ \ Kanotix \ \ \ Auditor Security Linux \ \ \ Backtrack \ \ \ Parsix \ \ Kurumin \ \ \ Dizinha \ \ \ \ NeoDizinha \ \ \ \ Patinho Faminto \ \ \ Kalango \ \ \ Poseidon \ \ MAX \ \ Medialinux \ \ Mediainlinux \ \ ArtistX \ \ Morphix \ \ \ Aquamorph \ \ \ Dreamlinux \ \ \ Hiwix \ \ \ Hiweed \ \ \ \ Deepin \ \ \ ZoneCD \ \ Musix \ \ ParallelKnoppix \ \ Quantian \ \ Shabdix \ \ Symphony OS \ \ Whoppix \ \ WHAX \ LEAF \ Libranet \ Librassoc \ Lindows \ Linspire \ \ Freespire \ Liquid Lemur \ Matriux \ MEPIS \ SimplyMEPIS \ \ antiX \ \ \ Swift \ Metamorphose \ miniwoody \ Bonzai \ MoLinux \ \ Tirwal \ NepaLinux \ Nova \ Omoikane (Arma) \ OpenMediaVault \ OS2005 \ Maemo \ Meego Harmattan \ PelicanHPC \ Progeny \ Progress \ Proxmox \ PureOS \ Red Ribbon \ Resulinux \ Rxart \ SalineOS \ Semplice \ sidux \ aptosid \ \ siduction \ Skolelinux \ Snowlinux \ srvRX live \ Storm \ Tails \ ThinClientOS \ Trisquel \ Tuquito \ Ubuntu \ \ A/V \ \ AV \ \ Airinux \ \ Arabian -
Media Center Oriented Linux Operating System
Media Center oriented Linux Operating System Tudor MIU, Olivia STANESCU, Ana CONSTANTIN, Sorin LACRIŢEANU, Roxana GRIGORE, Domnina BURCA, Tudor CONSTANTINESCU, Alexandru RADOVICI University “Politehnica” of Bucharest Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], , [email protected] Abstract: Nowadays there is a high demand of computer controller multimedia home systems. A great variety of computer software media center systems is available on the market, software which transforms an ordinary computer into a home media system. This means it adds some functionality to the normal computer. Our goal is to develop such a user-friendly intuitive system, dedicated for home media centers. In contrast with other proprietary approaches (Windows Media Center, Apple TV), we are building an entire operating system specialized on this. It is based on the Linux kernel, thus providing high portability and flexibility at a very low cost. The system is designed to work out of the box (plug it in and use it), needing zero configurations (no human configuration as much as possible) and no installation (Linux-live system, works from a CD, DVD or USB device). The user interface is not more complicated than a generic TV user interface. In this aim, the file system is hidden from the user, being replaced with an intuitive media library, the driver configurations is done automatically, network configuration is also handled without user actions (as much as possible). Key-words: OS, media center, Linux, multimedia, portable, intuitive, free, open-source 1.