Transmission Spectroscopy of WASP-79B from 0.6 to 5.0 M
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Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants As Tracers of Planet Formation
Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants as Tracers of Planet Formation Thesis by Marta Levesque Bryan In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California 2018 Defended May 1, 2018 ii © 2018 Marta Levesque Bryan ORCID: [0000-0002-6076-5967] All rights reserved iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Heather Knutson, who I had the great privilege of working with as my thesis advisor. Her encouragement, guidance, and perspective helped me navigate many a challenging problem, and my conversations with her were a consistent source of positivity and learning throughout my time at Caltech. I leave graduate school a better scientist and person for having her as a role model. Heather fostered a wonderfully positive and supportive environment for her students, giving us the space to explore and grow - I could not have asked for a better advisor or research experience. I would also like to thank Konstantin Batygin for enthusiastic and illuminating discussions that always left me more excited to explore the result at hand. Thank you as well to Dimitri Mawet for providing both expertise and contagious optimism for some of my latest direct imaging endeavors. Thank you to the rest of my thesis committee, namely Geoff Blake, Evan Kirby, and Chuck Steidel for their support, helpful conversations, and insightful questions. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Brendan Bowler. His talk at Caltech my second year of graduate school introduced me to an unexpected population of massive wide-separation planetary-mass companions, and lead to a long-running collaboration from which several of my thesis projects were born. -
IAU Division C Working Group on Star Names 2019 Annual Report
IAU Division C Working Group on Star Names 2019 Annual Report Eric Mamajek (chair, USA) WG Members: Juan Antonio Belmote Avilés (Spain), Sze-leung Cheung (Thailand), Beatriz García (Argentina), Steven Gullberg (USA), Duane Hamacher (Australia), Susanne M. Hoffmann (Germany), Alejandro López (Argentina), Javier Mejuto (Honduras), Thierry Montmerle (France), Jay Pasachoff (USA), Ian Ridpath (UK), Clive Ruggles (UK), B.S. Shylaja (India), Robert van Gent (Netherlands), Hitoshi Yamaoka (Japan) WG Associates: Danielle Adams (USA), Yunli Shi (China), Doris Vickers (Austria) WGSN Website: https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ WGSN Email: [email protected] The Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) consists of an international group of astronomers with expertise in stellar astronomy, astronomical history, and cultural astronomy who research and catalog proper names for stars for use by the international astronomical community, and also to aid the recognition and preservation of intangible astronomical heritage. The Terms of Reference and membership for WG Star Names (WGSN) are provided at the IAU website: https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/. WGSN was re-proposed to Division C and was approved in April 2019 as a functional WG whose scope extends beyond the normal 3-year cycle of IAU working groups. The WGSN was specifically called out on p. 22 of IAU Strategic Plan 2020-2030: “The IAU serves as the internationally recognised authority for assigning designations to celestial bodies and their surface features. To do so, the IAU has a number of Working Groups on various topics, most notably on the nomenclature of small bodies in the Solar System and planetary systems under Division F and on Star Names under Division C.” WGSN continues its long term activity of researching cultural astronomy literature for star names, and researching etymologies with the goal of adding this information to the WGSN’s online materials. -
GTO Keypad Manual, V5.001
ASTRO-PHYSICS GTO KEYPAD Version v5.xxx Please read the manual even if you are familiar with previous keypad versions Flash RAM Updates Keypad Java updates can be accomplished through the Internet. Check our web site www.astro-physics.com/software-updates/ November 11, 2020 ASTRO-PHYSICS KEYPAD MANUAL FOR MACH2GTO Version 5.xxx November 11, 2020 ABOUT THIS MANUAL 4 REQUIREMENTS 5 What Mount Control Box Do I Need? 5 Can I Upgrade My Present Keypad? 5 GTO KEYPAD 6 Layout and Buttons of the Keypad 6 Vacuum Fluorescent Display 6 N-S-E-W Directional Buttons 6 STOP Button 6 <PREV and NEXT> Buttons 7 Number Buttons 7 GOTO Button 7 ± Button 7 MENU / ESC Button 7 RECAL and NEXT> Buttons Pressed Simultaneously 7 ENT Button 7 Retractable Hanger 7 Keypad Protector 8 Keypad Care and Warranty 8 Warranty 8 Keypad Battery for 512K Memory Boards 8 Cleaning Red Keypad Display 8 Temperature Ratings 8 Environmental Recommendation 8 GETTING STARTED – DO THIS AT HOME, IF POSSIBLE 9 Set Up your Mount and Cable Connections 9 Gather Basic Information 9 Enter Your Location, Time and Date 9 Set Up Your Mount in the Field 10 Polar Alignment 10 Mach2GTO Daytime Alignment Routine 10 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR NEW SETUPS OR SETUP IN NEW LOCATION 11 Assemble Your Mount 11 Startup Sequence 11 Location 11 Select Existing Location 11 Set Up New Location 11 Date and Time 12 Additional Information 12 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR MOUNTS USED AT THE SAME LOCATION WITHOUT A COMPUTER 13 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR COMPUTER CONTROLLED MOUNTS 14 1 OBJECTS MENU – HAVE SOME FUN! -
Arxiv:2101.08801V1 [Astro-Ph.EP] 21 Jan 2021 Target Selection and Expanded Observational Techniques Have Type Stars (Zhou Et Al
DRAFT VERSION JANUARY 25, 2021 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX63 A decade of radial-velocity monitoring of Vega and new limits on the presence of planets 1 2 2 3 2 SPENCER A. HURT , SAMUEL N. QUINN , DAVID W. LATHAM , ANDREW VANDERBURG , GILBERT A. ESQUERDO , 2 2 4, 5 2 2, ∗ MICHAEL L. CALKINS , PERRY BERLIND, RUTH ANGUS , CHRISTIAN A. LATHAM, AND GEORGE ZHOU 1Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 2Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 3Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin -Madison, 475 North Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA 4Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History, 200 Central Park West, Manhattan, NY, USA 5Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY, USA ABSTRACT We present an analysis of 1524 spectra of Vega spanning 10 years, in which we search for periodic radial velocity variations. A signal with a periodicity of 0.676 days and a semi-amplitude of ∼10 m s-1 is consistent with the rotation period measured over much shorter time spans by previous spectroscopic and spectropolari- metric studies, confirming the presence of surface features on this A0 star. The timescale of evolution of these features can provide insight into the mechanism that sustains the weak magnetic fields in normal A type stars. Modeling the radial velocities with a Gaussian process using a quasi-periodic kernel suggests that the charac- teristic spot evolution timescale is ∼180 days, though we cannot exclude the possibility that it is much longer. -
Binocular Challenges
This page intentionally left blank Cosmic Challenge Listing more than 500 sky targets, both near and far, in 187 challenges, this observing guide will test novice astronomers and advanced veterans alike. Its unique mix of Solar System and deep-sky targets will have observers hunting for the Apollo lunar landing sites, searching for satellites orbiting the outermost planets, and exploring hundreds of star clusters, nebulae, distant galaxies, and quasars. Each target object is accompanied by a rating indicating how difficult the object is to find, an in-depth visual description, an illustration showing how the object realistically looks, and a detailed finder chart to help you find each challenge quickly and effectively. The guide introduces objects often overlooked in other observing guides and features targets visible in a variety of conditions, from the inner city to the dark countryside. Challenges are provided for viewing by the naked eye, through binoculars, to the largest backyard telescopes. Philip S. Harrington is the author of eight previous books for the amateur astronomer, including Touring the Universe through Binoculars, Star Ware, and Star Watch. He is also a contributing editor for Astronomy magazine, where he has authored the magazine’s monthly “Binocular Universe” column and “Phil Harrington’s Challenge Objects,” a quarterly online column on Astronomy.com. He is an Adjunct Professor at Dowling College and Suffolk County Community College, New York, where he teaches courses in stellar and planetary astronomy. Cosmic Challenge The Ultimate Observing List for Amateurs PHILIP S. HARRINGTON CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521899369 C P. -
Nebular Metallicities in Isolated Dwarf Irregular Galaxies
Nebular Metallicities in Isolated Dwarf Irregular Galaxies David Conway Nicholls A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the Australian National University Research School of Astronomy & Astrophysics July 2014 Notes on the Digital Copy This document makes extensive use of the hyperlinking features of LATEX. References to figures, tables, sections, chapters and the literature can be navigated from within the PDF by clicking on the reference. Internet addresses will be displayed in a browser. Most object names are resolvable in the SIMBAD (http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/) astronomical database. The bibliography at the end of this thesis has been hyperlinked to the NASA Astrophysics Data Service (http://www.adsabs.harvard.edu/). Further information on each of the cited works is available through the link to ADS. For Linda. i Disclaimer I hereby declare that the work in this thesis is that of the candidate alone, except where indicated below or in the text of the thesis. The work was undertaken between January 2009 and February 2014 at the Australian National University, Canberra. It has not been submitted in whole or in part for any other degree at this or any other university. Chapter 2 is the paper The Small Isolated Gas-rich Irregular Dwarf (SIGRID) Galaxy Sample: Description and First Results published in the Astronomical Journal, September 2011, volume 142, pp.83 et seq., by David C Nicholls, Michael A Dopita, Helmut Jerjen and Gerhardt R Meurer. The work is entirely that of the candidate. Chapter 3 is the paper Resolving the Electron Temperature Discrepancies in H II Regions and Planetary Nebulae: κ-distributed Electrons published in the Astrophysical Journal, June 2012, volume 752, pp.148 et seq., by David C Nicholls, Michael A Dopita, and Ralph S Sutherland. -
Basic Astronomy Labs
Astronomy Laboratory Exercise 31 The Magnitude Scale On a dark, clear night far from city lights, the unaided human eye can see on the order of five thousand stars. Some stars are bright, others are barely visible, and still others fall somewhere in between. A telescope reveals hundreds of thousands of stars that are too dim for the unaided eye to see. Most stars appear white to the unaided eye, whose cells for detecting color require more light. But the telescope reveals that stars come in a wide palette of colors. This lab explores the modern magnitude scale as a means of describing the brightness, the distance, and the color of a star. The earliest recorded brightness scale was developed by Hipparchus, a natural philosopher of the second century BCE. He ranked stars into six magnitudes according to brightness. The brightest stars were first magnitude, the second brightest stars were second magnitude, and so on until the dimmest stars he could see, which were sixth magnitude. Modern measurements show that the difference between first and sixth magnitude represents a brightness ratio of 100. That is, a first magnitude star is about 100 times brighter than a sixth magnitude star. Thus, each magnitude is 100115 (or about 2. 512) times brighter than the next larger, integral magnitude. Hipparchus' scale only allows integral magnitudes and does not allow for stars outside this range. With the invention of the telescope, it became obvious that a scale was needed to describe dimmer stars. Also, the scale should be able to describe brighter objects, such as some planets, the Moon, and the Sun. -
Epsilon Eridani's Planetary Debris Disk: Structure and Dynamics Based on Spitzer and Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Observa
The Astrophysical Journal,690:1522–1538,2009January10 doi:10.1088/0004-637/690/2/1522 c 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. ! EPSILON ERIDANI’S PLANETARY DEBRIS DISK: STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS BASED ON SPITZER AND CALTECH SUBMILLIMETER OBSERVATORY OBSERVATIONS D. Backman1,M.Marengo2,K.Stapelfeldt3,K.Su4, D. Wilner2,C.D.Dowell3, D. Watson5,J.Stansberry4, G. Rieke4,T.Megeath2,6,G.Fazio2,andM.Werner3 1 Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy & SETI Institute, 515 North Whisman Road, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA 2 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 3 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA 4 Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA Received 2008 May 25; accepted 2008 September 8; published 2008 December 22 ABSTRACT Spitzer and Caltech Submillimeter Observatory images and spectrophotometry of ! Eridani at wavelengths from 3.5 to 350 µmrevealnewdetailsofitsbrightdebrisdisk.The350µmmapconfirmsthepresenceofaring at r 11""–28""(35–90 AU), observed previously at longer sub-mm wavelengths. The Spitzer mid-IR and far- IR images= do not show the ring, but rather a featureless disk extending from within a few arcsec of the star across the ring to r 34"" (110 AU). The spectral energy distribution (SED) of the debris system implies acomplexstructure.AmodelconstrainedbythesurfacebrightnessprofilesandtheSEDindicatesthatthe∼ sub-mm ring emission is primarily from large (a 135 µm) grains, with smaller (a 15 µm) grains also present in and beyond the ring. -
Uranometría Argentina Bicentenario
URANOMETRÍA ARGENTINA BICENTENARIO Reedición electrónica ampliada, ilustrada y actualizada de la URANOMETRÍA ARGENTINA Brillantez y posición de las estrellas fijas, hasta la séptima magnitud, comprendidas dentro de cien grados del polo austral. Resultados del Observatorio Nacional Argentino, Volumen I. Publicados por el observatorio 1879. Con Atlas (1877) 1 Observatorio Nacional Argentino Dirección: Benjamin Apthorp Gould Observadores: John M. Thome - William M. Davis - Miles Rock - Clarence L. Hathaway Walter G. Davis - Frank Hagar Bigelow Mapas del Atlas dibujados por: Albert K. Mansfield Tomado de Paolantonio S. y Minniti E. (2001) Uranometría Argentina 2001, Historia del Observatorio Nacional Argentino. SECyT-OA Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba. Santiago Paolantonio 2010 La importancia de la Uranometría1 Argentina descansa en las sólidas bases científicas sobre la cual fue realizada. Esta obra, cuidada en los más pequeños detalles, se debe sin dudas a la genialidad del entonces director del Observatorio Nacional Argentino, Dr. Benjamin A. Gould. Pero nada de esto se habría hecho realidad sin la gran habilidad, el esfuerzo y la dedicación brindada por los cuatro primeros ayudantes del Observatorio, John M. Thome, William M. Davis, Miles Rock y Clarence L. Hathaway, así como de Walter G. Davis y Frank Hagar Bigelow que se integraron más tarde a la institución. Entre éstos, J. M. Thome, merece un lugar destacado por la esmerada revisión, control de las posiciones y determinaciones de brillos, tal como el mismo Director lo reconoce en el prólogo de la publicación. Por otro lado, Albert K. Mansfield tuvo un papel clave en la difícil confección de los mapas del Atlas. La Uranometría Argentina sobresale entre los trabajos realizados hasta ese momento, por múltiples razones: Por la profundidad en magnitud, ya que llega por vez primera en este tipo de empresa a la séptima. -
IAU WGSN 2019 Annual Report
IAU Division C Working Group on Star Names 2019 Annual Report Eric Mamajek (chair, USA) WG Members: Juan Antonio Belmote Avilés (Spain), Sze-leung Cheung (Thailand), Beatriz García (Argentina), Steven Gullberg (USA), Duane Hamacher (Australia), Susanne M. Hoffmann (Germany), Alejandro López (Argentina), Javier Mejuto (Honduras), Thierry Montmerle (France), Jay Pasachoff (USA), Ian Ridpath (UK), Clive Ruggles (UK), B.S. Shylaja (India), Robert van Gent (Netherlands), Hitoshi Yamaoka (Japan) WG Associates: Danielle Adams (USA), Yunli Shi (China), Doris Vickers (Austria) WGSN Website: https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ WGSN Email: [email protected] The Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) consists of an international group of astronomers with expertise in stellar astronomy, astronomical history, and cultural astronomy who research and catalog proper names for stars for use by the international astronomical community, and also to aid the recognition and preservation of intangible astronomical heritage. The Terms of Reference and membership for WG Star Names (WGSN) are provided at the IAU website: https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/. WGSN was re-proposed to Division C and was approved in April 2019 as a functional WG whose scope extends beyond the normal 3-year cycle of IAU working groups. The WGSN was specifically called out on p. 22 of IAU Strategic Plan 2020-2030: “The IAU serves as the internationally recognised authority for assigning designations to celestial bodies and their surface features. To do so, the IAU has a number of Working Groups on various topics, most notably on the nomenclature of small bodies in the Solar System and planetary systems under Division F and on Star Names under Division C.” WGSN continues its long term activity of researching cultural astronomy literature for star names, and researching etymologies with the goal of adding this information to the WGSN’s online materials. -
Extrasolar Planets and Their Host Stars
Kaspar von Braun & Tabetha S. Boyajian Extrasolar Planets and Their Host Stars July 25, 2017 arXiv:1707.07405v1 [astro-ph.EP] 24 Jul 2017 Springer Preface In astronomy or indeed any collaborative environment, it pays to figure out with whom one can work well. From existing projects or simply conversations, research ideas appear, are developed, take shape, sometimes take a detour into some un- expected directions, often need to be refocused, are sometimes divided up and/or distributed among collaborators, and are (hopefully) published. After a number of these cycles repeat, something bigger may be born, all of which one then tries to simultaneously fit into one’s head for what feels like a challenging amount of time. That was certainly the case a long time ago when writing a PhD dissertation. Since then, there have been postdoctoral fellowships and appointments, permanent and adjunct positions, and former, current, and future collaborators. And yet, con- versations spawn research ideas, which take many different turns and may divide up into a multitude of approaches or related or perhaps unrelated subjects. Again, one had better figure out with whom one likes to work. And again, in the process of writing this Brief, one needs create something bigger by focusing the relevant pieces of work into one (hopefully) coherent manuscript. It is an honor, a privi- lege, an amazing experience, and simply a lot of fun to be and have been working with all the people who have had an influence on our work and thereby on this book. To quote the late and great Jim Croce: ”If you dig it, do it. -
Survival of Exomoons Around Exoplanets 2
Survival of exomoons around exoplanets V. Dobos1,2,3, S. Charnoz4,A.Pal´ 2, A. Roque-Bernard4 and Gy. M. Szabo´ 3,5 1 Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AD, Landleven 12, Groningen, The Netherlands 2 Konkoly Thege Mikl´os Astronomical Institute, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, E¨otv¨os Lor´and Research Network (ELKH), 1121, Konkoly Thege Mikl´os ´ut 15-17, Budapest, Hungary 3 MTA-ELTE Exoplanet Research Group, 9700, Szent Imre h. u. 112, Szombathely, Hungary 4 Universit´ede Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France 5 ELTE E¨otv¨os Lor´and University, Gothard Astrophysical Observatory, Szombathely, Szent Imre h. u. 112, Hungary E-mail: [email protected] January 2020 Abstract. Despite numerous attempts, no exomoon has firmly been confirmed to date. New missions like CHEOPS aim to characterize previously detected exoplanets, and potentially to discover exomoons. In order to optimize search strategies, we need to determine those planets which are the most likely to host moons. We investigate the tidal evolution of hypothetical moon orbits in systems consisting of a star, one planet and one test moon. We study a few specific cases with ten billion years integration time where the evolution of moon orbits follows one of these three scenarios: (1) “locking”, in which the moon has a stable orbit on a long time scale (& 109 years); (2) “escape scenario” where the moon leaves the planet’s gravitational domain; and (3) “disruption scenario”, in which the moon migrates inwards until it reaches the Roche lobe and becomes disrupted by strong tidal forces.