DOCSLIB.ORG

Azerbaijan's Formula

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Azerbaijan's Formula Azerbaijan’s Formula: Secular Governance and Civic Nationhood Svante E. Cornell Halil Karaveli Boris Ajeganov SILK ROAD PAPER November 2016 Azerbaijan’s Formula: Secular Governance and Civic Nationhood Svante E. Cornell Halil Karaveli Boris Ajeganov © Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program – A Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center Johns Hopkins University-SAIS, 1619 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036 Institute for SeCurity and DevelopMent PoliCy, V. Finnbodavägen 2, StoCkholM-NaCka 13130, Sweden www.silkroadstudies.org “Azerbaijan’s Formula: Secular Governance and Civic Nationhood” is a Silk Road Paper published by the Central Asia-CauCasus Institute and Silk Road Studies PrograM, Joint Center. The Silk Road Papers Series is the OCCasional Paper series of the Joint Center, and addresses topiCal and tiMely subjects. The Joint Center is a transatlantic independent and non-profit researCh and poliCy Center. It has offiCes in Washington and StoCkholM and is affiliated with the Paul H. Nitze School of AdvanCed International Studies of Johns Hop- kins University and the StoCkholM-based Institute for SeCurity and Development PoliCy. It is the first institution of its kind in Europe and North AMerica, and is firMly established as a leading researCh and poliCy Center, serving a large and diverse CoMMunity of analysts, scholars, policy-watChers, business leaders, and journalists. The Joint Center is at the fore- front of researCh on issues of ConfliCt, seCurity, and developMent in the region. Through its applied researCh, publiCations, researCh Cooperation, publiC lectures, and seminars, it funC- tions as a foCal point for academiC, poliCy, and publiC disCussion regarding the region. The opinions and Conclusions eXpressed in this study are those of the authors only, and do not neCessarily refleCt those of the Joint Center or its sponsors. ResearCh for this publiCation was Made possible through the Core funding of the Joint Center’s institutional sponsors, as well as projeCt support froM the CounCil on State Support for Non-GovernMental Organi- zations of the RepubliC of Azerbaijan. The opinions and ConClusions eXpressed in this study are those of the authors only, and do not necessarily reflect those of the Joint Center or its sponsors. © Central Asia-CauCasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program, 2016 ISBN: 978-91-86635-99-2 Printed in Singapore Distributed in North AMeriCa by: The Central Asia-CauCasus Institute Paul H. Nitze SChool of Advanced International Studies 1619 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036 Tel. +1-202-663-7723; Fax. +1-202-663-7785 E-mail: [email protected] Distributed in Europe by: The Silk Road Studies PrograM Institute for SeCurity and DevelopMent PoliCy V. Finnbodavägen 2, SE-13130 StoCkholM-NaCka E-mail: [email protected] Editorial correspondence should be addressed to the European office of the Joint Center (preferably by e-mail.) Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 11 Civic Nation: A Conceptual Framework ........................................................................ 14 The Modern Nation .......................................................................................................... 15 MultiCulturalisM and the DeConstruCtion of the CiviC-EthniC Divide ...................... 20 Models of SeCular GovernanCe ....................................................................................... 25 ImpliCations for Non-Western SoCieties ........................................................................ 28 The Emergence of Civic Nationhood and Secular Governance in Azerbaijan .. 30 The Emergence of the Azerbaijani Nation: FroM the 1850s to the First RepubliC ... 30 The Soviet IMpaCt ............................................................................................................. 38 The Transition to Independence: the Failure of TurkisM and the Return of “AzerbaijanisM” ................................................................................................................ 43 FroM “AzerbaijanisM” to “MultiCulturalisM” .............................................................. 46 Multiculturalism or a Civic Nation? ............................................................................... 52 Key Legislation and PoliCy Instruments ........................................................................ 53 Minority Languages in EduCation and Media .............................................................. 57 PartiCipation: the ForMal and the InforMal ................................................................... 64 ImpleMentation of International InstruMents and International CritiCisM ............. 66 An Institutional VaCuuM? ............................................................................................... 71 A Staunch Commitment to Secularism .......................................................................... 73 Religion in Azerbaijan SoCiety ........................................................................................ 73 Key Legislation and Policies ........................................................................................... 77 The Caucasus MusliMs Board ......................................................................................... 80 The State CoMMittee for Work with Religious Organizations .................................. 81 An Institutional TriuMvirate ........................................................................................... 84 Western CritiCisM of Azerbaijani SeCularisM ............................................................... 85 Attitudes in Society .............................................................................................................. 89 6 Cornell, Karaveli, Ajeganov The Liberal DisCourse ....................................................................................................... 89 EthniC NationalisM ........................................................................................................... 91 The IslaMist DisCourse ..................................................................................................... 93 ConClusions ........................................................................................................................ 96 Implications for Azerbaijan and the West .................................................................... 98 Azerbaijan in ConteXt: PoliCies in Neighboring Countries ......................................... 98 Western Interests ............................................................................................................ 106 ConClusions ...................................................................................................................... 108 Authors’ Bio ......................................................................................................................... 111 Executive Summary In January 2016, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev designated 2016 the “Year of Multiculturalism.” This took place at a time when Azerbaijan’s neighborhood has eXperienCed a trend toward less rather than More separation between reli- gion and state; and toward More ethnic rather than Civic ConCeptions of nation- hood. This trend has been particularly pronounCed in two powers with whoM Azerbaijan is Closely connected, Russia and Turkey. Yet Azerbaijan has chosen to go in the other direction, doubling down on the country’s comMitment to secular governance and an inclusive conception of the nation. This is happening against the backdrop of often confused intellectual debates in the West on Matters relating to national identity and secularism. The past few decades have seen a growing effort to deconstruct the traditional divide be- tween ethnic, particularistic conceptions of nationhood and civic, universalistic models. Indeed, Western intellectual disCourse has Come to decry the Concept of nation itself – whether ethniC or CiviC – as a political fiction promoting homoge- neity, imposed by force. From this perspeCtive came the concept of Multicultur- alism in its Western understanding. Yet as a result of mounting diffiCulties to integrate imMigrant populations and the challenge of Islamic extremism, this discourse has lost much of its power of attraction. In its place, the idea of the nation-state appears to be making a comeback. In parallel, conceptions of secularism remain divided between the primarily An- glo-Saxon Model focused on promoting individual religious freedom, and the FrenCh Model of laïcité, which focuses on protecting state and society from reli- gion. The former model has gained widespread adherence, and forms the basis for various European conventions and inter-state agreements in the area of Mi- 8 Cornell, Karaveli, Ajeganov nority proteCtion. However, most secularists in the Muslim world have per- ceived the French Model as the Most appropriate to their particular situation. Azerbaijan is no exception. The Azerbaijani model draws on a long history dating back to pre-Soviet times, whiCh includes the proclamation in 1918 of the first republic in the Muslim world. This republic was, from its inception, comMitted to secularism and es- poused an inClusive ConCeption of the nation known as Azerbaijanism. The re- public was not destined
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Volume II, Issue 2, March 2021.Pages
    INTERNATIONAL COUNTER-TERRORISM REVIEW VOLUME II, ISSUE 2 February, 2021 The Revival of Islam How Do External Factors Shape the Potential Islamist Threat in Azerbaijan? FUAD SHAHBAZOV ABOUT ICTR The International Counter-Terrorism Review (ICTR) aspires to be the world’s leading student publication in Terrorism & Counter-Terrorism Studies. ICTR provides a unique opportunity for students and young professionals to publish their papers, share innovative ideas, and develop an academic career in Counter-Terrorism Studies. The publication also serves as a platform for exchanging research and policy recommendations addressing theoretical, empirical and policy dimensions of international issues pertaining to terrorism, counter-terrorism, insurgency, counter-insurgency, political violence and homeland security. ICTR is a project jointly initiated by the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) at the Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel and NextGen 5.0. The International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) is one of the leading academic institutes for counter-terrorism in the world. Founded in 1996, ICT has rapidly evolved into a highly esteemed global hub for counter-terrorism research, policy recommendations and education. The goal of the ICT is to advise decision makers, to initiate applied research and to provide high-level consultation, education and training in order to address terrorism and its effects. NextGen 5.0 is a pioneering non-profit, independent, and virtual think tank committed to inspiring and empowering the next generation of peace and security leaders in order to build a more secure and prosperous world. COPYRIGHT This material is offered free of charge for personal and non-commercial use, provided the source is acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Interim Report of the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan on The
    Interim Report of the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the implementation of the recommendations by the Working Group of the UN Human Rights Council on the Universal Periodic Review with respect to the first report of the Republic of Azerbaijan 1. Address shortcomings in the area of human rights promotion and protection, including promotion of a culture of human rights among the society, strengthening of national capacities, the rule of law and adequate protection of vulnerable segments of the population (Iran); Issues indicated in the recommendation are one of the main duties of the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan and is always being carried out. Protection of human rights and freedoms was defined as the highest goal of the State in the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan. In order to ensure the sustainability of the “Baku process of intercultural dialogue” initiated during the conference of the CoE Ministers of Culture held in Baku on December 2-3, 2008 the VI Conference of the Ministers of Culture of the OIC Member States was held in Baku on October 13-15, 2009. The first day of the conference, a round table on the topic “Baku process: a new call for a dialogue among civilizations” was arranged between a number of European states and the OIC member states by mediation of ISESCO and the Council of Europe, by the initiative of the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The participants of the round table adopted a final communiqué at the end. The issues of cooperation at bilateral, regional and international levels, exchange of experience, development of intercultural dialogue between the Islamic world and Europe, implementation of projects and programs in this field, as well as joint measures regarding the protection of cultural heritage in conflict regions were indicated in the communiqué.
    [Show full text]
  • The Caucasus Globalization
    Volume 6 Issue 2 2012 1 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Conflicts in the Caucasus: History, Present, and Prospects for Resolution Special Issue Volume 6 Issue 2 2012 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 2 Volume 6 Issue 2 2012 FOUNDEDTHE CAUCASUS AND& GLOBALIZATION PUBLISHED BY INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS Registration number: M-770 Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press® Sweden Registration number: 556699-5964 Registration number of the journal: 1218 Editorial Council Eldar Chairman of the Editorial Council (Baku) ISMAILOV Tel/fax: (994 12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Kenan Executive Secretary (Baku) ALLAHVERDIEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Azer represents the journal in Russia (Moscow) SAFAROV Tel: (7 495) 937 77 27 E-mail: [email protected] Nodar represents the journal in Georgia (Tbilisi) KHADURI Tel: (995 32) 99 59 67 E-mail: [email protected] Ayca represents the journal in Turkey (Ankara) ERGUN Tel: (+90 312) 210 59 96 E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Nazim Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) MUZAFFARLI Tel: (994 – 12) 510 32 52 E-mail: [email protected] (IMANOV) Vladimer Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Georgia) PAPAVA Tel: (995 – 32) 24 35 55 E-mail: [email protected] Akif Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) ABDULLAEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Volume 6 IssueMembers 2 2012 of Editorial Board: 3 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Zaza D.Sc.
    [Show full text]
  • Azerbaijans Regional Role September 2013
    Azerbaijan’s Regional Role Iran and Beyond By Richard Weitz September 2013 Azerbaijan’s Regional Role • • • Azerbaijan’s Regional Role Iran and Beyond TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... 2 AZERBAIJAN’S GROWING GLOBAL INFLUENCE ..................................................................................... 5 EMPOWERING RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE .................................................................................................. 11 MANAGING IRAN'S REGIONAL AMBITIONS ......................................................................................... 20 IRAN'S AZERBAIJANI MINORITY ......................................................................................................................... 21 CURRENT TENSIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 23 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 33 Executive Summary 1 Azerbaijan’s Regional Role • • • Executive Summary The Republic of Azerbaijan, a close U.S. ally since Azerbaijanis regained their independence following the Soviet Union’s collapse, has become a prominent role model for Muslim-majority nations seeking to manage religious and ethnic differences in a harmonious and productive manner. Thanks to its secular
    [Show full text]
  • Developing Cultural and Creative Industries in Azerbaijan
    DEVELOPING CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN AZERBAIJAN Cristina Farinha The Programme is funded The Programme is implemented by a consortium led by the British Council, in partnership with the Soros Foundation by the European Union Moldova, the National Center for Culture of Poland and the Goethe-Institut The report is developed with the assistance of the EU-Eastern Partnership Culture and Creativity Programme. The content of this report does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed in the report lies entirely with the author. The report was published in January 2018. 2 CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary 4 Team and Acknowledgements 8 2. Creative Industries in the EU 9 3. Mandate and Methodology 11 4. Developing Cultural and Creative Industries – Regional Analysis and Detailed View on Azerbaijan 14 4.1 Brief analysis of the national context 14 4.2 Recognising CCIs’ transversal character 16 4.3 Setting up participatory policies and platforms 21 4.4 Building on emerging creative hubs 23 4.5 Easing access to specific funding and support 26 4.6 Improving creative entrepreneurial education and skills 27 4.7 Developing audiences and markets 32 4.8 Encouraging internationalisation and cooperation 35 5. Recommendations on Developing Cultural and Creative Industries in Azerbaijan 37 5.1 Policy-making, Participation and Platforms. 41 5.2 Infra-structure, Funding and Frameworks 43 5.3 Skills, Audiences and Markets 45 5.4 Internationalisation and Cooperation 46 Appendix A: Bibliography 49 Appendix B: List of Participants in Workshops, Interviews and Site Visits 51 3 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Azerbaijan Page 1 of 8
    Azerbaijan Page 1 of 8 Azerbaijan BUREAU OF DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR International Religious Freedom Report 2009 October 26, 2009 The Constitution provides for freedom of religion. On March 18, 2009, however, a national referendum approved a series of amendments to the Constitution; two amendments limit the spreading of and propagandizing of religion. Additionally, on May 8, 2009, the Milli Majlis (Parliament) passed an amended Law on Freedom of Religion, signed by the President on May 29, 2009, which could result in additional restrictions to the system of registration for religious groups. In spite of these developments, the Government continued to respect the religious freedom of the majority of citizens, with some notable exceptions for members of religions considered nontraditional. There was some deterioration in the status of respect for religious freedom by the Government during the reporting period. There were changes to the Constitution that undermined religious freedom. There were mosque closures, and state- and locally sponsored raids on evangelical Protestant religious groups. There were reports of monitoring by federal and local officials as well as harassment and detention of both Islamic and nontraditional Christian groups. There were reports of discrimination against worshippers based on their religious beliefs, largely conducted by local authorities who detained and questioned worshippers without any legal basis and confiscated religious material. There were sporadic reports of societal abuses or discrimination based on religious affiliation, belief, or practice. There was some prejudice against Muslims who converted to other faiths, and there was occasional hostility toward groups that proselytized, particularly evangelical Christians, and other missionary groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Islamic Activism in Azerbaijan: Repression and Mobilization in a Post-Soviet Context
    STOCKHOLM STUDIES IN POLITICS 129 Islamic Activism in Azerbaijan: Repression and Mobilization in a Post-Soviet Context Islamic Activism in Azerbaijan Repression and Mobilization in a Post-Soviet Context Sofie Bedford ©Sofie Bedford, Stockholm 2009 Stockholm Studies in Politics 129 ISSN 0346-6620 ISBN 978-91-7155-800-8 (Stockholm University) Södertörn Doctoral Dissertations 33 ISSN 1652-7399 Södertörn Political Studies 6 ISSN 1653-8269 ISBN 978-91-89315-96-9 (Södertörns högskola) Printed in Sweden by Universitetsservice US-AB, Stockholm 2009 Distributor: Department of Political Science, Stockholm University Cover: “Juma mosque in Baku behind bars”, Deyerler 2 2004. Reprinted with the kind permission of Ilgar Ibrahimoglu. Acknowledgements It is quite amazing how much life depends on coincidences. Upon graduating from university I wanted to do an internship with an international organiza- tion in Russia or Ukraine but instead ended up in Baku, Azerbaijan. That turned out to be a stroke of luck as I fell in love with the country and its peo- ple. When I later got the possibility to do a PhD I was determined to find a topic that would bring me back. I did, and now after many years of some- times seemingly never-ending thesis work the project is finally over. A whole lot of people have been important in making this possible, but I would like to start by thanking Anar Ahmadov who helped me a lot more than he realizes. It was after our first conversation over a cup of coffee, where he told me about the growing religiosity he observed in the country, that I un- derstood that studying Islamic mobilization in Azerbaijan would actually be feasible.
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Distr.: General 23 July 2019
    United Nations A/74/212 General Assembly Distr.: General 23 July 2019 Original: English Seventy-fourth session Item 72 (b) of the provisional agenda* Promotion and protection of human rights: human rights questions, including alternative approaches for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms Human rights and cultural diversity Report of the Secretary-General Summary The present report is submitted pursuant to paragraph 24 of General Assembly resolution 72/170, in which the Assembly requested the Secretary-General to prepare a report on the implementation of the resolution, including efforts undertaken at the national, regional and international levels regarding the recognition and importance of cultural diversity, and taking into account the views of Member States, relevant United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations. Following the General Assembly’s request, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights invited States, United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations to submit written information on efforts undertaken in that regard, and the present report provides a summary of the submissions received. The submissions from Governments focus on measures taken within the State to promote cultural diversity and to protect and ensure access to cultural heritage. * A/74/150. 19-12549 (E) 080819 *1912549* A/74/212 I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to paragraph 24 of General Assembly resolution 72/170 on human rights and cultural diversity, in which the Assembly requested the Secretary-General to prepare a report on the implementation of the resolution, including efforts undertaken at the national, regional and international levels regarding the recognition and importance of cultural diversity, and taking into account the views of Member States, relevant United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations The Assembly also requested the Secretary-General to submit the report to it at its seventy-fourth session.
    [Show full text]
  • Shrines and Sovereigns: Life, Death, and Religion in Rural Azerbaijan
    Comparative Studies in Society and History 2011;53(3):654–681. 0010-4175/11 $15.00 # Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History 2011 doi:10.1017/S0010417511000284 Shrines and Sovereigns: Life, Death, and Religion in Rural Azerbaijan BRUCE GRANT New York University Shrines fill the Eurasian land mass. They can be found from Turkey in the west to China in the east, from the Arctic Circle in the north to Afghanistan in the south. Between town and country, they can consist of full-scale architectural complexes, or they may compose no more than an open field, a pile of stones, a tree, or a small mausoleum. They have been at the centers and periph- eries of almost every major religious tradition of the region: Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. Yet in the formerly socialist world, these places of pilgrimage have something even more in common: they were often cast as the last bastions of religious observance when churches, mosques, temples, and synagogues were sent crashing to the ground in rapid succession across the twentieth century. In this essay I draw attention to a number of such shrines in the south Cau- casus republic of Azerbaijan. My goal is not to celebrate these settings for their promotion of an alternative route to religiosity under communist rule, as many have done before me, but rather to consider the ways in which the very popular attachments to shrines over so many centuries offer a window onto the plas- ticity and porosity of political, religious, and social boundaries in a world area that otherwise became better known over the twentieth century for its leaders of steel, curtains of iron, and seemingly immobilized citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • Religious Aspects of Bilingualism in Azerbaijan
    Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe Volume 40 Issue 6 Article 5 8-2020 Religious Aspects of Bilingualism in Azerbaijan Malahat Veliyeva Azerbaijan University of Languages, Baku Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree Part of the Christianity Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, and the Islamic Studies Commons Recommended Citation Veliyeva, Malahat (2020) "Religious Aspects of Bilingualism in Azerbaijan," Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe: Vol. 40 : Iss. 6 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree/vol40/iss6/5 This Thirty-Year Anniversary since the Fall of Communism is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RELIGIOUS ASPECT OF BILINGUALISM IN AZERBAIJAN In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful... By Malahat Veliyeva Malahat Veliyeva is an Associate Professor at the Department of English Linguistics at Azerbaijan University of Languages in Baku. She did her PhD in Germanic languages in 2008 and started the post-doctorate degree in Sociolinguistics in 2012. Her area of interest is also multiculturalism and religious studies. She was a SUSI scholar awarded by the scholarship of the US Department of State in 2019. She has three publications on General Linguistics. Email: [email protected] Introduction Azerbaijan is one of the former countries of the Union of Soviet Socialistic Republics (the USSR) that lost its independence in 1920 when the Russian XI Red Army brutally intervened in the country and imposed the Soviet regime throughout Azerbaijan.
    [Show full text]
  • State Report Azerbaijan
    ACFC/SR(2002)001 ______ REPORT SUBMITTED BY AZERBAIJAN PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 1 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES ______ (Received on 4 June 2002) _____ TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I............................................................................................................................................ 3 II. Aggression of the Republic of Armenia against the Republic of Azerbaijan..................... 9 III. Information on the form of the State structure.................................................................. 12 IV. Information on status of international law in national legislation .................................... 13 V. Information on demographic situation in the country ...................................................... 13 VI. Main economic data - gross domestic product and per capita income ............................. 15 VII. State’s national policy in the field of the protection of the rights of persons belonging to minorities ...................................................................................................................................... 15 VIII. Population awareness on international treaties to which Azerbaijan is a party to........ 16 P A R T II..................................................................................................................................... 18 Article 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 18 Article
    [Show full text]
  • History of Azerbaijan (Textbook)
    DILGAM ISMAILOV HISTORY OF AZERBAIJAN (TEXTBOOK) Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University Methodological Council of the meeting dated July 7, 2017, was published at the direction of № 6 BAKU - 2017 Dilgam Yunis Ismailov. History of Azerbaijan, AzMİU NPM, Baku, 2017, p.p.352 Referents: Anar Jamal Iskenderov Konul Ramiq Aliyeva All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means. Electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. In Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, the book “History of Azerbaijan” is written on the basis of a syllabus covering all topics of the subject. Author paid special attention to the current events when analyzing the different periods of Azerbaijan. This book can be used by other high schools that also teach “History of Azerbaijan” in English to bachelor students, master students, teachers, as well as to the independent learners of our country’s history. 2 © Dilgam Ismailov, 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword…………………………………….……… 9 I Theme. Introduction to the history of Azerbaijan 10 II Theme: The Primitive Society in Azerbaijan…. 18 1.The Initial Residential Dwellings……….............… 18 2.The Stone Age in Azerbaijan……………………… 19 3.The Copper, Bronze and Iron Ages in Azerbaijan… 23 4.The Collapse of the Primitive Communal System in Azerbaijan………………………………………….... 28 III Theme: The Ancient and Early States in Azer- baijan. The Atropatena and Albanian Kingdoms.. 30 1.The First Tribal Alliances and Initial Public Institutions in Azerbaijan……………………………. 30 2.The Kingdom of Manna…………………………… 34 3.The Atropatena and Albanian Kingdoms………….
    [Show full text]