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Webquest Soubor
A Tour of the Suiti Cultural Space and the Livonian Cultural Space Introduction Information about both cultural spaces Suiti The Suiti is a small Catholic community living in three parishes of Northern Kurzeme – the Western part of Latvia: Alsunga municipality, Gudenieki parish and Basi village as well as Jūrkalne parish. The total area of the Suiti region is 402 km2. The region is quite remotely located. It is a 2.2 hour- drive from Riga to Alsunga and the distance is 177 km. Gudenieki is situated 184 km from the capital city and Jūrkalne - 189 km. A unique cultural space and identity has developed in the region due to the strong influence of the Catholic church and to the historic interaction of Latvian, Liv, Polish and German cultures. The total population of the territory is around 2 800 people. The synthesis of pre-Christian traditions and religious rituals has created this unique intangible cultural heritage of the Suiti community. Numerous distinct features characterise the Suiti cultural space, such as vocal drone singing performed by Suiti women, wedding traditions, colourful traditional costumes, the Suiti language, local cuisine, religious traditions, celebrations of the annual cycle, and a remarkable number of folk songs, dances and melodies recorded in this community. Sources: - Alsungas novads. (2016). The official webpge of Alsunga municipality. Available on: http://alsunga.lv/lv/ [26.12.2018] - Jūrkalne. (n.d.) The official webpage. Available on: http://www.jurkalne.lv/?page_id=325 [26.12.2018] - Gudenieki. (2018). The official webpage. Available on: http://gudenieki.lv/ [26.12.2018] - Suiti Cultural Space. (n.d.) Latvian National Commission for UNESCO. -
Language Attrition and Death: Livonian in Its Terminal Phase
1 Christopher Moseley LANGUAGE ATTRITION AND DEATH: LIVONIAN IN ITS TERMINAL PHASE Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London March 1993 ProQuest Number: 10046089 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10046089 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 INTRODUCTION This study of the present state of the Livonian language, a Baltic-Finnic tongue spoken by a few elderly people formerly resident in a dozen fishing villages on the coast of Latvia, consists of four main parts. Part One gives an outline of the known history of the Livonian language, the history of research into it, and of its own relations with its closest geographical neighbour, Latvian, a linguistically unrelated Indo-European language. A state of Latvian/Livonian bilingualism has existed for virtually all of the Livonians' (or Livs') recorded history, and certainly for the past two centuries. Part Two consists of a Descriptive Grammar of the present- day Livonian language as recorded in an extensive corpus provided by one speaker. -
Landscape Architecture and Art
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND ART SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF LATVIA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE VOLUME 5 NUMBER 5 ISSN 2255-8632 print Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 5, Number 5 ISSN 2255-8640 online SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF LATVIA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND ART VOLUME 5 NUMBER 5 JELGAVA1 2014 Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 5, Number 5 EDITOR IN CHIEF Aija Ziemeļniece, Dr. arch., Professor, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia EDITORIAL BOARD Uģis Bratuškins, Dr. arch., Professor, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Maria Ignatieva, Dr. phil., Professor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Karsten Jorgensen, Dr. scient., Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway Jānis Krastiņš, Dr. habil. arch., Professor, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Juhan Maiste, Dr. art., Professor, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Eglė Navickienė, Dr. arch., Assoc. Professor, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania Valeriy Nefedov, Dr. arch., Professor, St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St. Petersburg, Russia Thomas Oyen, Professor, Neubrandenburg University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany Gintaras Stauskis, PhD arch., Assoc. Professor, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania Ivars Strautmanis, Dr. habil. arch., Professor, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Ojārs -
Livonian Lifestories: Source of Identity This Example from a Well-Known
Livonian Lifestories: Source of Identity This example from a well-known respondent such as Lizete is just one example of the way in which Lifestories of the Livonian Coast open the way to understanding Livonian identity. The Livonian Coast is located on the northern part of Kurland on Kolka's Peninsula in Northwestern Latvia. Between the World Wars, there were eleven Livonian fishing villages. After World War II, however, this part of Latvia became a border zone occupied by the Soviets, and the civil inhabitants slowly disappeared. The main source of income - fishing – was forbidden and there was nothing for young people to do. This area's inhabitants today are largely older individuals. The main sources for this study of Livonian identity are: 1. Lifestories of Livonians and inhabitants of the Livonian coast recorded in the 1980s. The Latvian Oral History Collection now holds over sixty Lifestories that address on Livonian identity and history. (These are indexed according to the marker Li), each of which is at least 1.5 hours long. 2. The results of qualitative research analyzing the responses of 120 interviewees who discussed living conditions on the Livonian Coast and issues of identity in 1997. 3. Video interviews with experts in this field from Estonia and Finland. Interviewees include Seppo Suhonen, Eduard Vaari, Tiit Rein Viitso. Based on these sources, I have tried to define the main themes and key words found in individual memories recorded in Lifestories in Livonian villages in the 1990s: 1. Refugees from World War I and World War II 2. Livonian social life and community activities (Livod It) between the wars. -
The Compositional and Functional Study of the Liv Fishermen's
Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 10, Number 10 The compositional and functional study of the Liv fishermen’s homesteads Dace Ržepicka, Aija Ziemeļniece, Latvia University of Agriculture Abstract. The clusters of the homesteads of the old Liv fishermen from Cape Kolka to Staldzene keep only some of the mosaic grains from the pride and glory of fishermen’s homes which existed until the war. In the 30s of the 20th century, the farming and everyday life of the coastal people is marked only by separate outhouses − the cattle-shed, fishing net, boat and firewood sheds, smokehouses, cellars. They are witnessing the bygone farming by the sea as the boats, fishing nets, plank-ways, and people who have the skill to take a boat offshore have disappeared. Today, it is difficult to name settlements as the Liv villages because the number of the disappeared homesteads and lost people in the last 50 years is so huge that it can only be considered as a distant reflection of the situation it was until 1940. Today, this coastline is functioning as an open-air museum, in which the recreation and tourism industry is developing. Only a rare fishing boat slides into the sea at night, landing the fishing nets and collecting them in the morning, so maintaining a still alive skill in fishing and fish processing. Thanks to today's rigorous legislation, small fragments of the historical tradition of farming and building are being slowly recovered. By studying them during the expedition, there is an opportunity to get information about the compositional and functional criteria of the old fishermen's homesteads. -
Lībiešu Krasts the Liv Coast Die Livische Küste
1 Lībiešu krasts The Liv Coast Die livische Küste Tekstu sagatavoja: Baiba Šuvcāne Sastādīja: Baiba Šuvcāne, Sanda Poriņa, Inese Roze Tulki: Aija Abens, Kaspars Poriņš, Sanda Poriņa Vāka foto: Viesturs Ozoliņš Foto: Baiba Šuvcāne, Sanda Poriņa, Jānis Mednis, Ansis Klucis, Edgars Hausmanis, Inese Roze, Latviešu folkloras krātuve, Rojas Jūras zvejniecības muzejs Grāmatā izmantotas dzejas rindas no lībiešu dzejas izlases „Es viltīgāks par tevi, menca.”, 1998. Kartogrāfija:SIA „Karšu izdevniecība Jāņa sēta” Dizains: SIA „Mēness upe” dizaina studija Iespiests: SIA „Talsu tipogrāfija” Izdevējs: © PA „Talsu rajona tūrisma informācijas centrs” 2008 2 Ievads Introduction Einführung Cauri gadu simtiem – paaudžu un dzimtu glabāta un kopta. Amatu meistaru rokām laivās un tīklos darināta. Košām krāsām tērpos un rakstos austa. Dziesminieku un teicēju apdziedāta. Tradīciju, tautas vadoņu un senu zīmju sargāta. Laikmetu griežu un vēsturisku notikumu celta un ārdīta. Skarbu vēju pūsta un jūras viļņu skalota. Zvīņu, mēness un zvaigžņu sudrabota. Priežu smaržas, kaiju un saules apmīļota – lībiešu zeme. Lībieši, lībiskais, lībiešu krasts. Kādam tas ir dzimtas saknes un atmiņas. Citam – realitāte un ikdiena. Lielākai daļai cilvēku – mistika, romantika, noslēpums un šodien, kā atklājums. Ovīši, Lūžņa, Miķeļtornis, Lielirbe, Sīkrags, Mazirbe, Košrags, Pitrags, Saunags, Vaide, Kolka un Melnsils. Ciemi un mājas ar jocīgiem nosaukumiem, skanējumu un tikai nojaušamu vienreizīgumu, un neatkārtojamību. Katrs ar savu stāstu. Ir nostūri, kur meži, purvi un jūras krasts -
A Journey Along the Livonian Coast / Reiz Pids Līvőd Randő
Nowadays, life in the village is no longer as dynamic, but some activities do take For a long time the safe travelling around the cape was provided by the shore place. The Community House, public organizations, private tourism entrepreneurs, as lighthouses. In 1532 the first lighthouse tower in the territory of Latvia was built ԾSYMBOLS / SIMBOLD well as a Lutheran Church and Recollection centre operate here. The former railway here. In the middle of the 16th century there were two towers – one higher than the FLAG / PLAGĀ The colours of the flag remind of the daily lives of Livonian fishermen: station building has not been preserved, but a copy of it can be viewed in Ventspils other. Their lights formed a line of beacons along the axis of the beach. The ruins of blue sea, white beach, green forest / siņņi meŗ, vāldad kȭnkad, ōļaz mõtsā. Colour Open-Air Museum. There are about 60 farms in the village. During the warm season the first tower are now located under water, while the second is still visible on the ratio 2:1:2. The flag was consecrated in Mazirbe Rectory on 18 November 1923. the number of the residents increase significantly due to the arrival of summer shore. The modern lighthouse operates on the artificial island constructed at the Kārlis Stalte – the Livonian poet, cultural and social worker of that time also wrote holiday-makers and tourists. end of the shelf from 1872 to 1875. The lighthouse continues to play an important a special song «Plagā loul» («Flag Song»). ✳LIVONIAN COMMUNITY HOUSE IN MAZIRBE / LĪVÕD ROVKUODĀ role in safe navigation at one of the most dangerous places in the Irbe Strait. -
Evaluation of Livonian Village LANDSCAPES in Latvia
MOKSLAS – LIETUVOS ATEITIS ISSN 2029-2341 print / ISSN 2029-2252 online SCIENCE – FUTURE OF LITHUANIA 2013 5(3): 248–255 doi:10.3846/mla.2013.42 K. Šešelgio skaitymai – 2013 K. Šešelgis’ Readings – 2013 EVALUATION OF LIVONIAN VILLAGE LANDSCAPES IN LATVIA Natalija Nitavska1, Ilze Draudina2 Department of Architecture and Building, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract. Latvian landscape identity is related to many territories, but as far as the coastal landscapes are concerned, they have some special features. It is important to note that due to storms and coastal erosion living conditions here are frustrating. However the coastal area has some positive magnetism, which is often related to unusual natural conditions, a special aura and unique feelings, because the coastal area is unique on the Latvian scale. One of such places is the Livonian coast. For detailed evaluation of eleven Livonian villages, the method of analysis of the existing situation has been chosen, which also includes the evaluation of the village yard, buildings and infrastructure. The quality and condition evaluation method for rural villages with low level of development by F. G. L. Gremliza (1965) has been also applied as a basis for this evaluation method. Then, according to the results obtained, the villages have been compared and classified. In addition to this, using the evaluation of each rural yard it is possible to mark valuable structures and typical rural yards in the schematic model of the Livonian coast. Keywords: coastal, coastal villages, landscape evaluation, Livonian villages, cultural landscape. Introduction The coastal scenery of the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Riga, attention to changes in all European coastal territories, such as well as many by-water landscapes – river banks and as degradation, increase in built-up and artificial territories lake shores – from ancient times have attracted people as a (Eiropas piekrastes.. -
Langu a Ge Situ a Tion in La Tvia
O f L g f A A C LANGUAGE L SITUATION u IN LATVIA S LANGUAGE SITUATION IN LATVIA SITUATION LANGUAGE Improvement of Latvian language skills among the representatives of national minorities is an essential result of the language policy imple- mented in Latvia. Latvian language skills among the youth of national gB minorities testify about the success of the curriculum reform of the national minorities and provision of single education for all Latvian schools. Almost all respondents in this age group (17–25 years) know the official language (only the level of language proficiency differs). In 2009, when assessing the necessity for the official language skills, 81% of those with the native Russian language considered the skills of the official language mandatory for all Latvian citizens. Linguistic attitude a of Latvians themselves and characteristics of their linguistic behaviour O (according to 2009 data 23% of Latvians don’t use Latvian in their communication with non-Latvians) have contributed to the non-com- pliance of language skills and their usage, i.e., non-usage of the Latvian language, therefore further on great attention has to be paid to the increase of the usage frequency and amount of the official language, as well as to the strengthening of its status. “The future of Latvian language will be determined by the ability of its speakers to see its importance both for the world and ourselves, and deliberate action for language preservation and development.” (I. Druviete) LANGUAGE SITUATION IN LATVIA: 2004 2010 2012 ValodasSituacijaLatvijaa_Eng_print.indd 1 05.12.12 13:56:44 UDK 811.174(474.3) La 517 Authors: Pauls Balodis, Māris Baltiņš, Vineta Ernstsone, Valts Ernštreits, Gunta Kļava, Dite Liepa, Kristīne Motivāne, Inese Muhka, Jānis Oga, Evija Papule, Jānis Valdmanis, Anna Vulāne Scientific editor: Dr. -
Grey Dune Plant Communities (Koelerio-Corynephoretea) on The
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Tuexenia - Mitteilungen der Floristisch- soziologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Jahr/Year: 2009 Band/Volume: NS_29 Autor(en)/Author(s): Laime Brigita, Tjarve Didzis Artikel/Article: Grey dune plant communities (Koelerio-Corynephoretea) on the Baltic coast in Latvia 409-435 ©Floristisch-soziologische Arbeitsgemeinschft; www.tuexenia.de; download unter www.zobodat.at Tuexenia 29: 409-435. Göttingen 2009. Grey dune plant communities ( Koelerio-Corynephoretea ) on the Baltic coast in Latvia - Brigita Laime and Didzis Tjarve - Abstract The grey dunes along the present-day depositional coasts of Latvia are among the most diverse dune ecosystems in the Baltic Sea region. This paper focuses on the grey dune plant communities, their classi fication based on the Braun-Blanquet approach and their ecology and distribution in Latvia. A total of 3,430 phytosociological relevés were sampled in all coastal sections in the period from 1994 to 2008. The vegetation was classified using TWINSPAN analysis. Diagnostic species were determined for each syn taxon using statistical measures of fidelity (phi coefficient and Fishers exact test). The phytogeogra phy of associations and variants is described on the basis of a distribution range analysis of plant species. In total, three associations of the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea occur in the grey dunes. The Corniculario aculeatae-Corynephoretum canescentis and the Caricetum arenariae belong to the alliance Corynephorion canescentis and the order Corynephoretalia canescentis. The Festucetum polesicae belongs to the alliance Koelerion glaucae in the order Sedo acris-Festucetalia. With six variants, it is the phytosociologically most diverse association of the grey dunes: typical variant, variant of Gypsophila paniculata, variant of Koeleria glauca, variant of Thymus serpyllum, variant of Epipactis atrorubens and variant of Corynephorus canescens. -
Cognitive Aspects of Kurzeme Coastal Landscape Identity
Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 5, Number 5 Cognitive aspects of Kurzeme coastal landscape identity Daiga Zigmunde, Natalija Ľitavska, Latvian University of Agriculture Abstract. Understanding of landscape identity is not complete without people’s cognitive perception which reflects their inner world, emotions, memories and associations. On the one hand landscape identity is formed by a collective memory. It represents the interpretation of history, culture and traditions which is subjected to the influence of mass media, political and economic situation. On the other hand there is an individual who is subjected to this collective memory. However, each individual has his/her own experience and memories, family traditions, and even changing emotions and sensations. In order to reveal the cognitive aspects of Latvia’s Kurzeme costal landscape identity a survey was carried out in the autumn of 2013. There were 269 respondents who participated in it. For conducting the survey Kurzeme coastline was divided into 18 stretches- study areas, depending on the spatial structure of the landscape and cultural heritage features. As a result of the questionnaire, by selecting the most frequent answers about each study area of Kurzeme coastline, each individual’s attitude was analysed and a collective view about the place’s identity was obtained. The key findings of the research indicate the public opinion, which is often associated with the collective memory and media promoted information but does not necessarily reflect an individual’s true opinion. Keywords: 4-5 keywords. Kurzeme, coastal landscape identity, cognitive aspects. Introduction Up to now multifaceted research has been carried density and the aspects of culture and traditions have out on the Baltic Sea coast in the territory of Latvia been analysed in the researches on coastal spatial within the framework of particular research fields. -
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ESUKA – JEFUL 2018, 9–2: 109–128 CHASING LIVONIAN HERITAGE ON THE LIVONIAN COAST Baiba Šuvcāne1,2 and Valts Ernštreits1 1University of Latvia and and 2Kolka’s Livonian Centre Abstract. In 2018, the Livonian cultural space was added to the Latvian National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage, a step towards inclusion in the corresponding UNESCO list. This article seeks to document the present state of Livonian intangible cultural herit- age, especially Livonian language, on the Livonian Coast. Currently, this territory is not visually demarcated and is divided among three local governments. This split also can be seen in the display of information. Signs and displays use Livonian, but their quality should be improved. Though the Latvian State Language Law states that Livonian and Latvian names can be used together on the Livonian Coast, no official bilingual signs exist. Tourism business operators rarely use Livonian heritage in their offerings. Com- munity organisations have been more active in this regard. At their events, one can become acquainted with the cultural heritage of this region and hear Livonian. Keywords: intangible heritage, language documentation, language environment, lin- guistic landscape, Livonian DOI: https://doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2018.9.2.05 1. Introduction The Livonians are a uniquely important and integral part of Latvia’s cultural heritage. The roots of Livonian cultural heritage stretch far into the distant past. Despite the fact that for many centuries the Livonians have been subject to ethnic and linguistic assimilation, wars, and also the Soviet occupation, somehow we have managed to keep our language and culture alive. We have enriched it, developed it, nurtured it.