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REISEFÜHRER LIVISCHE KÜSTENDÖRFER REISEFÜHRER LIVISCHE KÜSTENDÖRFER LETTLAND Kolkas Bāka Reiseführer Entlang Der Livischen Küste

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REISEFÜHRER LIVISCHE KÜSTENDÖRFER REISEFÜHRER LIVISCHE KÜSTENDÖRFER LETTLAND Kolkas Bāka Reiseführer Entlang Der Livischen Küste REISEFÜHRER LIVISCHE KÜSTENDÖRFER LIVISCHE REISEFÜHRER REISEFÜHRER LIVISCHE KÜSTENDÖRFER LETTLAND Kolkas bāka ReisefühReR entlang deR livischen Küste 15 36 37 Kolkasrags 35 16 5 8 40 41 e P124 17 6Kolka p u 38 č Rokstvalks 18 34 ro 39 ec lks Vaide 14 V rešva 33 T 7 42 JŪRAS LĪCIS Vecistabvalksks l (Piški meŗ) 3 Zēņva Irbes šaurumsPitrags 32 Kukšupes gr. 29 Saunags as pag. BALTIJAS JŪRA RĪGAS Košrags 30 3 P131 28 12 13 31 Uši Mazirbe 9 10 Vaides gr. Kandīsi11 11 21 23 Bažu purvs 26 27 5 Ku 22 spe 8 rl Baltā kāpa an 7 6 Vārpas kg be 25 m rā 8 43 (Sūr meŗ) r 11 25 vi 16 zi s E Ma llsu 5 24 pe 15 6 Dūmele Sīkrags Aizklāņupe Aizklāņi Rāksti Zviedrgrāvis Ellsgrāvis Ķikans CelmupeP125 Milzgrāvis 20 10 14 Rākstupīte Ziedkalni Melnsils Slīteres nacionālais parks T 44 8 45 im 13 19 a 10 te 20 Jaunciems Milzgrāvis Bažvalks ju 17 Ezernieki p Nabalgrāvis Pitragsupe Riepaldi e ī t e Ragavsvalks Alkšņvalki 3 Baltais k. l 21 r e s 4 24 m 7 Jaunlīdumi Birzes 12 19 18 Š Sētiņas Celmiņi Z Sudmaļkalni Melnsilupe Dižkalns 10 i 11 Lielirbe Šlītere Cirstes22 l Ezermuiža 24 m Ķikans Lapmežciems e L Rīgzemju 3 i p ie Silkalēji u k Vecmājupe ozols Dzirnavas e um n Irbe 7 or su Miķeļtornis1 Vecbrieži L 8 p Jaunmuiža e P131 9 10 P124 Vētras 3 6 Pernītes Vīdale 8 1 Puteri k Kļavkalni 2 Pūces Upsītes Lūžņa 2 2 Rukšpurs 6 Menstkalns Jaunābeles s Mīzalvalks Aļņi a Upsīts Olderupīte 4 17 m v (Zeltapšu s 5 k r Trumpe (Egļvalks) 2 l l Vieči Vecvagari dižakmens) a Mārupes 6 u v P131 p Muņi 7 rn Pūrciems Neveja n ā 3Oviši Lūžupe ž Pursilupīte Sp 4 i Mazoste 4 7 D 4 Pūrciema Baltā kāpa 8 Dumbrāji Zaķi i 7 Branči Akmeņdārzi 2 Irbenes armijas Trumpe (Mazupe) Ģipka pilsētiņa P125 Lateve Vecvilki 1 Trumpes Melnauši Oste Emarkalnvalks 2 54 Irbene6s Irbe Skarbezers Drollupe Kurču stacija uagas pag. Āži Apsēni Žagatas radioteleskops Alakste Jaundiļķi Ģipkas skola Vičaki Liepkalni Ostupe Plaģi 1 P124 Stende Plūdoņi 7 3 Kaļķu dīķis Kaļķi Pilsupes Ostupe Pilsupe Rojnieki Eglāji Jāki 6 Seņķi 12 Dižgrāvis Angerciems Smilkši 6 1 Ziepāni Ierciems Ildzere Vecbūkalti 2 55 Angermindes Krāni Vedalvalks Mazalakste Puiškalns PuiškalnciemsJaunarājupe Avotlejas V pilsdrupas 5 Ostupe e P77 Ostupciems Ziepanvalks l Jaunupe Jansbergi Dižtiltkalni 6 Jaunpļavas k 1 2 Dambkalns Lonaste Čikste Sūde valks u Kalnieki P or 4 Jaundundaga Alakste Pauskalni d m i c 11 36 m l e u t V Grūžvalks e p n Piltene e Rinda 3 e 4 7 25 s 53 2 9 s k 50 5 l Ance p a 4 u Kaļķupe v Upatciems Zvērtupe 4 l 52 Eglaines 27 Mazpiltene r Mazupe l Nabagvalks v Rinda 4 48 e A s Jorniņi votg Pāce 46 M Zaļmeži rāvi Anstrupe 26 Pļavnieki s Rūšupe 23 Kārļmuiža Mālēji Jaunķeģi 3 5 Pļaviņas 24 Pipari Klārmuiža ks 3 Rubeņi Dundaga 6 val Vēde 51 Zvērenvalks en 5 5 Pāce 5 49Gavsene 5 Prometeji Jūr P77 Silciems 10 29 Mednieku28 namiņš Ķurbe Dižmežciems Muižnieki Apši Līdumnieki Auzdarciems Jankevici Kaziņas Laukmuiža Baložezers Štēburupe Odumu P77 Klāņi Jaundobēji Pāce dīķis Kuikas Kalēji (Pāces dīķis) Zušvalks 7 Jaunlonaste Mežvistas Vārzava Gričstrīķi Lonaste Lubes pag. Klāņezers Mūrnieki Virpe Lonasti Kārklu valks Veidnieki Pieņupe Riesti 1 4 Mežgaļi Stradži Sabdagas Roja Liekņi-Teteri Kārkli Eniņi 1 Saustere 7 es pag. 0 21 km Kārļmuiža Zāģupe 47 Vagas Sātikvalks Vāci inhaltsveRZeichnis einleitung 5 Wer sind die liven? 7 drehungen und Wendungen der geschichte 27 interessante fakte 35 nformationen nicht verantwortlich nicht nformationen i sehenswertes 39 ReisefühReR livische KüstendÖRfeR allJährlicher veranstaltungskalender 67 Autor: ’’Lauku ceļotājs’’ Kleines deutsch-livisches Wörterbuc 71 übersetzung: sia ’’skrivanek Baltic’’ an der livischen küste zu erleben! 75 aufmachung: Marcus arula nützliche Quellen 77 erwendungderdarin enthaltenen druck: Paar gmbh, tartu v gestaltung: hurmart utorswider. a ’’Lauku ceļotājs’’ Reisebüro, 2019 nsicht des des nsicht a erwaltungsbehördeProgrammsdes fürist mögliche die v ie vorliegenden ie Publikation spiegeln die ie 2 d d 3 einleitung der „Reiseführer entlang der livischen Küste“ wurde in enger Zusammenarbeit mit liven entwickelt. er ist für Reisende bestimmt, die an livischer Kultur und livischen traditionen interessiert sind. im Reiseführer werden die bedeutendsten, mit der livischen Küste verbundenen historischen ereignisse und interessante fakten aufgeführt sowie 23 Orte beschrieben, an denen man das livische erbe kennenlernen kann, es sind die wichtigsten allJährlichen veranstaltungen erwähnt und ein kleines deutsch-livische Wörterbuch ist beigefügt. im Küsten- gebiet von nordkurland werden stets verantwortliche Reisende erwartet, die an der vergangenheit, gegenwart und Zukunft der liven interessiert sind! auf Wiedersehen an der livischen Küste! 4 5 WeR sind die liven? Die Liven sind ein urvolk in lettland mit ostseefinnischer abstammung, das eine wichtige Rolle bei der entstehung der modernen lettischen sprache und Kultur gespielt hat. die heutige lettische sprache hat sich infolge der Kommunikation zwischen den livischen und alten baltischen stämmen – lettgallen, semgal- len und Kuren – entwickelt. liven sind in der lage gewesen, die Besonderheit ihrer sprache und Kultur bis heute zu bewahren und zu entwickeln, wobei sich diese in den Kulturraum des heutigen lettlands eingefügt haben. die Zusammensetzung der farben der livischen Flagge sind eng mit dem alltag der livischen fischer verbunden: ein fischer ver- flagge der liven dient seinen unterhalt auf see (blaue farbe), seine gedanken sind aber bei seiner familie zu hause. Wenn er in Richtung Zuhause blickt, sieht er aus der ferne den strand (weiße farbe) und den Wald (grüne farbe). das farbenverhältnis der flagge ist 2: 1: 2. die flagge wurde eingeweiht und zum ersten Mal bei einer fei- erlichen gelegenheit am 18. november 1923 im Pfarrhaus von Mazirbe gehisst. der Präsident der livischen gemeinschaft, der livische Dichter Kārlis Stalte, hat anlässlich dieses Ereignisses das Lied der Flagge (Plagā loul) geschrieben. Jedes Jahr am 18. november feiern die liven das fest der flagge. Blau-grüne farben sind auch in den Wappen der heutigen ver- waltungsgebiete, der Region dundaga und der gemeinde Kolka, zu sehen. die Worte patriotischen inhalts für die livische Hymne „Mein vaterland, mein heimatland“ (Min izāmō, min sindimō) hat Kārlis Stalte 1923 zur Eröffnungsfeier der livischen Flagge geschrieben. Als Melodie wurde die der estnischen und fnnischen hymne gewählt. Wappen der Region dundaga Wappen der gemeinde 6 Kolka 7 die Livische Gemeinschaft (Līvod Īt) wurde 1923 gegründet und übt eine aktive tätigkeit aus, indem die erhaltung der livi- schen sprache und Kultur, erkundung und Popularisierung der geschichte und der traditionen gefördert werden, wobei auch Beziehungen mit anderen fnnougrischen Völkern gepfegt wer- den. nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg hat die sowJetische Macht die Organisation verboten , im Jahr 1988 wurde Jedoch ihre tätigkeit wieder aufgenommen. 1994 wurde eine weitere Organisation, Līvõ Kultūr sidām, ein Livisches Kulturzentrum gegründet, livisches vOlKshaus das sich mit der erforschung und der entwicklung der livischen sprache, Kultur und geschichte beschäftigt. für die erhaltung und förderung der livischen Kultur engagieren sich auch andere 1923 wurde bei der hauptversammlung der livischen gemein- Organisationen. schaft über einen Ort entschieden, an dem sich die liven ver- sammeln können. das haus wurde nach dem Konzept von e. huttunen erbaut. der architekt v. Paegle entwickelte das Bau- proJekt, erstellte den Baukostenvoranschlag, kümmerte sich um die Bewilligung des Bauvorhabens und begleitete den Bauablauf. der vorbereitungsprozess dauerte rund 15 Jahre , das haus wurde Jedoch innerhalb eines Jahres erbaut und am 6. august 1939 feierlich eröffnet. Kurz danach begann der Zweite Welt- krieg und die sowJetische Besetzung, im Zuge derer das haus verstaatlicht wurde. nach der Wiederherstellung der unabhän- gigkeit Lettlands wurde das Haus im Jahr 2000 den rechtmäßi- gen eigentümern zurückgegeben. die schilder am eingang des Hauses (hergestellt aus schwarzem fnnischen Granit in helsinki) enthalten folgende Botschaft: „Dieses Haus wurde von Liven mit der Unterstützung ihres lettischen Vaterlandes und ihrer verwandten Völker, Finnen, Esten und Ungarn, erbaut.“ Der gleiche Text ist auch in livischer, fnnischer, estnischer und ungarischer sprache zu lesen 8 9 livisches fest in MaZiRBe in der sowJetzeit wurde die Küste vom Militär verwaltet und das grenzgebiet war nur mit sondergenehmigungen zugänglich. für ausländer war dieses gebiet vollständig geschlossen. trotzdem fatterten am 5. und 6. August 1989 in Mazirbe am Livischen Volkshaus wieder die livischen, lettischen, estnischen, fnni- schen und ungarischen fahnen. es war ein einzigartiges fest, denn nach einem halben Jahrhundert sammelten sich in Mazirbe wieder die fnnougrischen Völker! Hier trafen sich Verwandte und freunde, von denen viele zum ersten Mal nach dem Krieg das heimatland besuchen durften. seitdem wird Jedes Jahr am ersten samstag im august das livische fest gefeiert. 10 11 die vOn liven Besiedelten geBiete ende des 12. Jahrhunderts bewohnten die liven fünf große Regi- onen in lettland: nordkurland (bis zum fluss abava), den unter- lauf der daugava, den unterlauf der gauJa, Metsepole (Jetzige Umgebung von Skulte, Liepupe und Limbaži) und Idumeja (am rechten ufer der gauJa zwischen Jumara und Brasla gelegen). ab dem 14. Jahrhundert vereinten sich die liven im laufe der Zeit mit den lettgallen und anderen baltischen stämmen in lettland, wodurchsich die lettische nation bildete. es besteht die ansicht, dass in der Region daugava und idumeJa die livische sprache bis zum 15./16. Jahrhundert, am unterlauf der gauJa bis zum 17. Jahrhundert und in Metsepole bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts Bestand hatte. in nordkurland wurde die livi- sche Sprache bis zu den 70er/80er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts gesprochen. Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts lebten Liven in 14 fischerdörfern von nordkurland : an der sogenannten Livischen Küste, wozu Oviši, Lūžņa, Miķeļtornis, Lielirbe, Jaunciems, Sīkrags, Mazirbe, Košrags, Pitrags, Saunags, Vaide, Kolka, Melnsils und Ģipka gehören. 12 13 Wieviele liven giBt es? Nach Angaben der Volkszählung 2011 lebten in Lettland 250 liven.
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