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Rotation Aligned Negative Parity Side Bands in Light Tungsten and Osmium Nuclei G.D

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Rotation Aligned Negative Parity Side Bands in Light Tungsten and Osmium Nuclei G.D ROTATION ALIGNED NEGATIVE PARITY SIDE BANDS IN LIGHT TUNGSTEN AND OSMIUM NUCLEI G.D. Dracoulis To cite this version: G.D. Dracoulis. ROTATION ALIGNED NEGATIVE PARITY SIDE BANDS IN LIGHT TUNG- STEN AND OSMIUM NUCLEI. Journal de Physique Colloques, 1980, 41 (C10), pp.C10-66-C10-78. 10.1051/jphyscol:19801007. jpa-00220626 HAL Id: jpa-00220626 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00220626 Submitted on 1 Jan 1980 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE CoZZoque CIO, suppZe'ment au n012, Tome 41, de'cembre 1980, page C10-66 ROTATION ALIGNED NEGATIVE PARITY SIDE BANDS IN LIGHT TUNGSTEN AND OSMIUM NUCLEI G.D. Dracoulis. Department of Nuclear Physics, Research SchooZ of PhysicaZ Sciences, Australian National University, P. 0. Box 4, A. C. T. Canberrra, Australia. Abstract.- Rotation aligned negative parity sidebands have been observed in the light Tungsten and Osmium isotopes. The development from octupole bands to aligned 2-quasiparticle bands is discussed. The hghproton and i13/2 neutron are the likely configurations causing the alignment. Backbending observed in the odd spin negative parity sidebands in lEOOs suggests that both proton and neutron configurations are involved at high spin. New results on backbending in the yrast bands of the light Osmium isotopes are also discussed. INTRODUCTION would not compete favourably for population in the The study of sidebands in even-even deformed reactions. Even with rotation alignment, the negat- nuclei is an active field which I will not attempt ive parity bands are usually non-yrast and receive to review in the time available here. Rather, I even in the most favourable cases discussed here, will concentrate on the systematic properties of only a small proportion of the feeding. negative parity sidebands, which show the effects of Although the level schemes I will show are rotation alignment, in Tungsten (Z=74) and Osmium partial schemes, the selection of the aligned neg- (Z=76) isotopes with N=100 to 108. The reasons for ative parity bands is not arbitrary since in the this choice are personal aquaintance with the region, lighter isotopes (N=100 and N=102) they are the but more importantly, the large isotopic range of strongest sidebands observed and with the exception nuclei studied to high spin which reveals the sys- of bands based on 2-quasiparticle isomeric states, tematic behaviour and occurrence of these bands. the only sidebands identified to high spin. They I will not dwell on the details of experimental are in these lighter isotopes the "yrast negative techniques, however, it is worth remembering that parity" states. the population and decay pattern in (Heavy Ion, xn) Octupole States and Rotation Alignment reactions used to study neutron deficient nuclei Any discussion of negative parity states in preferentially populates yrast states. In deformed this region is at least partly connected with nuclei the yrast states are usually the ground state octupole states, which are well known in the heavy rotational band members up to about spin 16-20fi (and Tungsten and Osmium nuclei. Their collective about 3 MeV excitation energy). Sidebands could be nature is established by their preferential populat- loosely defined as rotational bands with configurat- ion in (d,dt) studies and from their y-decay which ions different Erom the ground state, such as 2 (or involves strong E3 transitions1-'). Neergard and higher). quasiparticle states or other collective voge15) have successfully calculated the properties states (e.g. vibrational states), which necessarily of low-lying octupole states in a wide range of begin in the region of the pairing gap, about 1 MeV nuclei using a quasiparticle random phase approximat- excitation. If it were not for rotational alignment ion with an octupole-octupole residual interaction. at high spin in some of these configurations, they In a deformed nucleus the 3- vibration splits into Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19801007 states with K' = 0-, 1-, 2- and 3- each with rotation- jl- and i2almost anti-parallel. al bands, the 0- band having (essentially) only odd 21 At high spins (> 10 in this region) a trans- spin members. The bands are successively coupled ition to an aligned quasiparticle configuration is through large Coriolis matrix elements. Because of predicted where the particles have the& spins these interactions the bands (usually only the lowest parallel - the aligned angular momentum being dom- energy band is known) are perturbed. In the Tungsten inated by the contribution of the high spin (unique and Osmium region the lowest states are predominantly parity) quasiparticle. the 2-quasiproton configuration {y2- [514]~r, y2+[402]a} I will keep these predictions in mind in dis- with some 2-quasineutron admixtures. In Tungsten cussing the experimental results, when I refer to the 2- configuration is usually lowest whilst in the possible 2-quasiparticle configurations, proton Osmium the 3- configuration is seen. and neutron, that contribute to the alignment in the voge16) has extended the RPA calculations to observed bands. higher spin and also carried out a 2-quasiparticle Negative Parity Bands in Tungsten calculation in a subspace including all states orig- In figure 1 I have collected the partial decay inating in the unique parity subshell (for protons schemes of high spin states in 174~and 176~18), and neutrons) and abput 10 normal parity quasi- 178~19-21), 180W 22-24) and l8ZW 25,26). ~h~ 2- particle states close to the Fermi surface (see octupole band in 1a2w drops in energy in going from footnote 'I. Vogel reached specific conclusions la2w to laow and as we progress to the lighter which are relevant to the results I will show. In isotopes the character of the band changes in sever- summary these were al ways. l] At low and intermediate spins the negative a) The odd and even spin states separate so parity states are aligned octupole states. The odd that in the lighter isotopes the excitation energies J J-1 and even spin members of the normal rotational bands are approximately Eodd = E even and the AJ=1 cascade split into separate (AJ=2) 'sequences. The odd spin transitions become weaker, mainly because the trans- states are favoured in energy and have ition energy is reduced. I = R+3 b) The decay pattern of the out-of-band El while the even spin states have transitions changes from decays mainly from the band- I R+2 head (or states close to it), to decays from the where R is the collective rotation (=0, 2, 4 ...). hlgh spin states to the gsb, and predominantly from That is, the octupole vibration is aligned with the the odd spin states to the gsb. This out-of-band rotation, and the spacing of the AJ=2 sequences is pattern, which I will comment on below, results in that of the ground state ("R") configuration, lead- the population being funnelled into the gsb, before ing to bands with a high apparent moment of inertia. the lowest spin states in the bands can be reached. The wave furictions are such that the participating That Is, the 4-, 5- states seen in the lightest quasiparticles have their intrinsic angular moments isotopes are not to be taken as band heads. Although I will not discuss them,, here, a number of calculations relevant to negative parity hi h spin states have been reported b Flaum and line'), Hjorth et. a18), Neergard, Vogel and RadomskigB, Lin Faessler and Oreizler101, Plosrajczak and ~aesslerll),Krumlinde and ~arshalek~~),Toki, et all3), Zolnowski et a1141, Hamamoto and sagawa15),' Konijn et a116), F.W.N. de Boer et all7) and certainly others. c10-68 JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE c) The bands become compressed so that they B(El)/B(E2) is about 10-~b-I for the odd spin have a high apparent moment of inertia. The high states, with a trend toward larger strengths in the odd spin states J, are at about the same excitation lighter isotopes. The single particle strengths, energy as the yrast J+l positive parity states in taking the El transition from the 9- state in 174~ 174~and 176~where the negative parity states are as an example, would be about 5x10-' Weiskopff Units, known to high spin. implying low -K components in these states. Taking these points in a little more detail, El Transitions from the even spin states are a) The odd-even energy splitting can be seen weaker. This difference has been attributed (see more dramatically in a plot of AE(J+J-1)/2J vs.2~~ for example refs. 20,27,28)) to the difference be- given in figure 2. Only small oscillations are ob- tween AK=O and AK=l El transition strengths. At se-med in le2w, consistent with small second order low spins AK=l transitions are considerably weaker admixtures of the 0- band. These develop to large than DK=O transitions and since the odd spin states oscillations for the N=100 and N=102 isotopes. will have both K=O and K=l admixtures (as well as b) The out-of-band El transitions show several K=2 and K=3 admixtures which will not contribute to features which I can only outline here.
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