Planning Report
Calumet County Inventory & Trends Report
For the Development of Local Comprehensive Plans and the Calumet County Comprehensive Plan Adopted May 2007 Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This page intentionally left blank. Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Note to Reader: Please be advised that the page numbers contained in the ‘Contents’ section below are incorrect. The page numbers will be updated after the document amendments have been adopted.
Contents
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1. Issues and Opportunities...... 1-1 1.1 Introduction...... 1-1 1.2 Regional Perspective...... 1-5 1.3 Planning Process ...... 1-6 1.4 Planning Framework and Reporting Process...... 1-7 1.5 Public Participation Efforts...... 1-8 1.6 Trends and Opportunities...... 1-16 2. Population and Housing...... 2-1 2.1 Population Characteristics ...... 2-2 2.2 Population Forecasts ...... 2-11 2.3 Housing Characteristics ...... 2-17 2.4 Housing Unit Forecasts...... 2-27 2.5 Household Forecasts ...... 2-30 2.6 Housing Programs...... 2-35 2.7 Population and Housing Trends and Outlook...... 2-37 3. Transportation...... 3-1 3.1 Existing Road System...... 3-1 3.2 Road Functional/Jurisdictional Classification ...... 3-4 3.3 Traffic Volume Trends ...... 3-9 3.4 Crash Trends ...... 3-11 3.5 Additional Modes of Transport...... 3-12 3.6 Existing Transportation Plans...... 3-18 3.7 Planned Transportation Improvements...... 3-22 3.8 Transportation Programs...... 3-24 3.9 Transportation Trends and Outlook...... 3-27 4. Utilities and Community Facilities ...... 4-1 4.1 County Administrative Facilities and Services...... 4-1 4.2 Local Administrative Facilities, Services, and Buildings...... 4-4 4.3 Protective Services...... 4-10 4.4 School Facilities...... 4-19 4.5 Quasi Public Facilities ...... 4-23 4.6 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space ...... 4-26 4.7 Locally Owned Parks, Recreation, and Open Space...... 4-28 4.8 Trails ...... 4-39
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4.9 Private Park and Recreational Facilities ...... 4-40 4.10 Solid Waste Management and Recycling ...... 4-40 4.11 Communication and Power Facilities ...... 4-44 4.12 Sanitary Sewer Service ...... 4-53 4.13 Private On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems (POWTS)...... 4-58 4.14 Public Water Supply ...... 4-60 4.15 Stormwater Management...... 4-64 4.16 Health Care Facilities...... 4-67 4.17 Day Care Facilities...... 4-68 4.18 Utilities and Community Facilities Programs...... 4-71 4.19 Utilities, Community Facilities, and Services Trends and Outlook...... 4-72 5. Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources...... 5-1 5.1 Soils...... 5-2 5.2 Agriculture & Farmland...... 5-9 5.3 Forests and Woodlands...... 5-15 5.4 Topography...... 5-18 5.5 Geology...... 5-18 5.6 Metallic and Non-Metallic Mineral Resources...... 5-21 5.7 Wetlands ...... 5-21 5.8 Basins and Watersheds ...... 5-24 5.9 Floodplains...... 5-25 5.10 Surface Water Features...... 5-27 5.11 Groundwater ...... 5-35 5.12 Water Quality...... 5-43 5.13 Air Quality ...... 5-46 5.14 Environmental Corridors & Sensitive Areas ...... 5-47 5.15 Wildlife Habitat ...... 5-53 5.16 Threatened and Endangered Species ...... 5-54 5.17 Historic and Cultural Resources ...... 5-55 5.18 Community Design ...... 5-63 5.19 Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources Programs ...... 5-64 5.20 Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resource Trends and Outlook ...... 5-68 6. Economic Development...... 6-1 6.1 Labor Force and Employment Analysis ...... 6-2 6.2 Economic Base Analysis...... 6-6 6.3 Employment Forecast ...... 6-21 6.4 Economic Development Programs ...... 6-23 6.5 Economic Development Trends and Outlook...... 6-27 7. Intergovernmental Cooperation ...... 7-1 7.1 Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Building Process ...... 7-3 7.2 Status of Planning in Neighboring Counties and Communities ...... 7-4 7.3 Existing Intergovernmental Relationships...... 7-6 7.4 Wisconsin Intergovernmental Agreement Statutes...... 7-10
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7.5 Intergovernmental Plans and Programs Currently in Use...... 7-13 7.6 Intergovernmental Cooperation Trends and Outlook ...... 7-15 8. Land Use ...... 8-1 8.1 Existing Land Use...... 8-1 8.2 Land and Resource Management...... 8-7 8.3 Supply, Demand, and Price Trends of Land...... 8-14 8.4 Projected Land Use Demand ...... 8-20 8.5 Land Use Programs...... 8-23 8.6 Land Use Trends and Outlook ...... 8-23 9. Implementation ...... 9-1 9.1 Existing County Ordinances, Codes, and Plans...... 9-1
Tables Table 2-1 Population Counts, Calumet County, 1970-2000 ...... 2-3 Table 2-2 Calumet County Population of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 1970-2000 ...... 2-4 Table 2-3 Population Change, Calumet County, 1970-2000 ...... 2-4 Table 2-4 Calumet County Population Change of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 1970-2000 ...... 2-5 Table 2-5 Town, Village, and City Population, Calumet County, 1970-2000...... 2-6 Table 2-6 Population Estimates, Calumet County, 2000-2005...... 2-8 Table 2-7 Population Estimates of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2004 ...2-8 Table 2-8 Population by Age Cohort, Calumet County, 2000 ...... 2-10 Table 2-9 Population by Age Cohort of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000...2-11 Table 2-10 WDOA Population Forecasts, Calumet County, 2000-2025...... 2-12 Table 2-11 WDOA Population Forecasts of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2025 ...... 2-13 Table 2-12 Linear Population Forecast, Calumet County, 2000-2030...... 2-14 Table 2-13 Linear Population Forecast for Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2030 ...... 2-15 Table 2-14 ECWRPC Population Forecasts, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 2-15 Table 2-15 Housing Units, Calumet County, 1990-2000...... 2-18 Table 2-16 Housing Units of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 1990-2000 ...... 2-18 Table 2-17 Housing Occupancy and Tenure, Calumet County, 1990 and 2000...... 2-19 Table 2-18 Units in Structure, Calumet County, 2000...... 2-21 Table 2-19 Units in Structure, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000...... 2-21 Table 2-20 Persons per Household, Calumet County, 1990 and 2000...... 2-22 Table 2-21 Year Structures Were Built, Calumet County, 2000...... 2-23 Table 2-22 Year Structures Were Built, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000 ....2-24 Table 2-23 Housing Values, Calumet County, 2000...... 2-25 Table 2-24 Housing Values, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000 ...... 2-26 Table 2-25 Linear Trends Housing Unit Projection, Calumet County, 2000-2030 ...... 2-28
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Table 2-26 Linear Trends Housing Unit Projection for Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2030...... 2-29 Table 2-27 Building Permit Forecast, Calumet County Municipalities, 2000-2030...... 2-30 Table 2-28 WDOA Household Forecast, Calumet County, 2000-2025...... 2-31 Table 2-29 WDOA Household Forecast, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2030 ...... 2-32 Table 2-30 ECWRPC Household Forecast A, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 2-32 Table 2-31 ECWRPC Household Forecast B, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 2-33 Table 3-1 Miles of Road, Calumet County, 2004 ...... 3-3 Table 3-2 Miles of Road by Municipality, Calumet County, 2004...... 3-4 Table 3-3 U.S. and State Highway AADT Counts, Calumet County, 1994-2004...... 3-9 Table 3-4 County Trunk Highway AADT Counts, Calumet County, 1994-2004 ...... 3-10 Table 3-5 Local Road AADT Counts, Calumet County, 1994-2004...... 3-10 Table 3-6 Top Ten Exports by Tonnage, Calumet County, 2005 ...... 3-13 Table 3-7 Railroad Miles, Calumet County, 2004 ...... 3-15 Table 4-1 School District Enrollment, Calumet County, 1999/2000-2003/2004...... 4-22 Table 4-2 Post Offices, Calumet County...... 4-25 Table 4-2 Sewer Service Areas, Calumet County, 2005...... 4-53 Table 4-3 Day Care Facilities, Calumet County ...... 4-70 Table 5-1 Prime Soils, Calumet County, 2004...... 5-4 Table 5-2 Farm and Cropland, Calumet County, 2004 ...... 5-10 Table 5-3 Farmland Preservation, Calumet County Towns, 2004...... 5-12 Table 5-4 Agricultural Land Sales, Calumet County, 1999-2003...... 5-13 Table 5-5 Cash Receipts for Agriculture Commodities State of Wisconsin, 2001...... 5-14 Table 5-6 Woodlands, Calumet County, 2004...... 5-16 Table 5-7 Enrollment in Management Forest Law, Calumet County, 2004 ...... 5-17 Table 5-8 Wetlands, Calumet County, 2004 ...... 5-23 Table 5-9 Watersheds, Calumet County, 2004...... 5-25 Table 5-10 Floodplains, Calumet County, 2004 ...... 5-26 Table 5-11 Lakes, Ponds, and Rivers, Calumet County, 2004...... 5-27 Table 5-12 Lakes, Ponds, and Rivers by Municipality, Calumet County, 2004*...... 5-28 Table 6-1 Civilian Labor Force Annual Averages, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 1999-2003 ...... 6-2 Table 6-2 Educational Attainment of Persons Age 25 & Over, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2000...... 6-4 Table 6-3 Travel Time to Work, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2000 ...... 6-5 Table 6-4 Household Income, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2000 ...... 6-6 Table 6-5 Employment by Industry, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2000...... 6-7 Table 6-6 Employment by Occupation, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2000 ...... 6-8 Table 6-7 Average Annual Wage by Industry, Calumet County, 2002 ...... 6-10 Table 6-8 Commuting Patterns, Calumet County, 2000 ...... 6-11 Table 6-9 Industrial Parks, Calumet County, 2004...... 6-16 Table 8-1 Existing Land Use, Calumet County ...... 8-3 Table 8-2 Farmland Preservation Agreements, Calumet County Towns, 2004...... 8-8 Table 8-3 Managed Forest Law Agreements, Calumet County Towns, 2004...... 8-9
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Table 8-4 Natural Resource Management Ownership, Calumet County, 2004...... 8-13 Table 8-5 Equalized Valuation, Calumet County, 1999-2003 ...... 8-14 Table 8-6 Agricultural Land Sales, Calumet County, 1999-2003...... 8-15 Table 8-7 Forestland Sales, Calumet County, 1998-2001...... 8-15 Table 8-8 WRA Residential Sales Data, Calumet County, 1999-2002...... 8-16 Table 8-9 WRA Vacant Land Sales Data, Calumet County, 1999-2002...... 8-17 Table 8-10 CSM/Lots, Calumet County Towns, 1994-2003 ...... 8-18 Table 8-11 Plat Reviews, Calumet County Towns, 1994-2003...... 8-18 Table 8-12 Sanitary Permits for New Systems, Calumet County Towns, 1993-2003...... 8-19 Table 8-13 Building Permit Activity for New Home Construction (New Homes Added), Calumet County, 1993-2003...... 8-20 Table 8-14 Projected Land Use Demand (acres) Based on ECWRPC Population Projection, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 8-21 Table 8-15 Projected Land Use Demand (acres) Based on Linear Population Projection, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 8-22 Table 8-16 Projected Residential Land Use Demand (acres) Based on Historic Building Permit Data, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 8-23
Figures Figure 2-1 Comparative Percent Population Change, Calumet County and Selected Areas, 1990-2000 ...... 2-7 Figure 2-2 Percentage of Total Population by Age Cohort, Calumet County, 1990-2000 ...... 2-9 Figure 2-3 Comparative Population Projections, Calumet County, 2000-2030...... 2-16 Figure 2-4 Housing Occupancy and Tenure, Calumet County, 2000...... 2-20 Figure 2-5 Comparative Household Forecasts, Calumet County, 2005-2030...... 2-34 Figure 2-6 Comparative Housing Unit Forecasts, Calumet County, 2005-2030 ...... 2-35 Figure 3-1 Total Percentage of Roads, Calumet County, 2004...... 3-3 Figure 5-1 Prime Soils, Calumet County, 2004...... 5-5 Figure 5-2 Percentage of Total County Wetlands by Municipality, Calumet County, 2004 .5-24 Figure 6-1 Monthly Unemployment Rates, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2003...... 6-3 Figure 8-1 Existing Land Use, Calumet County ...... 8-4
Maps Map 1-1 Regional Perspective ...... 1-3 Map 3-1 Functional and Jurisdictional Road System ...... 3-7 Map 4-1 Community Facilities and Services...... 4-49 Map 4-2 Emergency Services ...... 4-51 Map 5-1 Soils...... 5-7 Map 5-2 Environmental and Water Features ...... 5-31 Map 5-3 Aquifer Vulnerability ...... 5-39 Map 5-4a Water Table Elevation and Groundwater Flow...... 5-41 Map 5-4b Calumet County Groundwater Protect Area Map 5-5 Natural and Ecological Areas...... 5-51
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Map 5-6 Historical and Cultural Resources...... 5-59 Map 6-1 Economic Development ...... 6-19 Map 8-1 2004 Existing Land Use ...... 8-5 Map 8-2 Natural Resource Management ...... 8-11 Map 9-1 Zoning and Land Use Regulations ...... 9-5 Map 9-2 Growth Management Map and Sewer Service Areas ...... 9-21
Appendices
Appendix A Utilities and Community Facilities Appendix Appendix B Existing Land Use Classifications Descriptions
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1.1 Introduction
Calumet County, Wisconsin is located in northeast Wisconsin and is considered part of the Fox Valley Region. Calumet County is located between Lake Winnebago and Lake Michigan. It covers an area of 324 square miles or 207,360 acres. Calumet County is home to nine towns, four villages, three cities and portions of threefour other cities. It should be noted that at the time of the January 2012 updates, one of the towns, Harrison, is pursuing incorporating a portion of the town to a village. According to the year 20002010 Census, Calumet County had a population of approximately 40,60048,971 people, which . The January 2005 population estimate of 45,168 represents an 1120.5% growth rate from the its population of 40,631 in year 2000. Calumet County experienced significant growth for the last threefour decades, and is forecast to have the second highest growth rate in Wisconsin over the next 20 years.
The majority of Calumet County can be generally described as rural with small cities and villages that provide more urban type services. The northwestern portion of the county, including much of the Town of Harrison, is quite different from most areas of the county. The northwest area generally has both urban and suburban development patterns as adjacency to the Cities of Appleton, Menasha, and Kaukauna significantly influence land use and development. Outside of the incorporated communities, Calumet County has a rural development pattern that is predominantly agricultural and woodland and rural with intermixed low density residential development.
The economic base of Calumet County is heavily dependent on manufacturing and agriculture, followed by retail trade and tourism related businesses. The extensive road network found in the county allows for relatively easy commutes within the region and throughout the county. Calumet County also shares the majority of its western border with Lake Winnebago, the largest inland lake in Wisconsin and the second largest inland lake in the United States. Calumet also features significant outcroppings of the Niagara Escarpment and has an extensive variety of park and recreational features such as the spectacular High Cliff State Park, underground caves at Ledge View Nature Center, the Stockbridge Harbor, and Calumet County Park to name a few. The very things that people value about Calumet County, such as access to local and regional employment markets, the high quality of life, natural resources, and quality schools also create development and service demands that potentially lead to land use conflicts.
Calumet County will be facing significant demographic changes in the next 20 years. These changes will impact the demand for housing and services, the land use pattern, the transportation system, needed infrastructure, the economic base, and the relationships between different levels of government. This report will help to identify these future trends and anticipated changes while providing the necessary background information detailing how Calumet County got to where it is today.
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 1-1 Regional Perspective
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 History
Calumet County was organized in 1836 We Extend the Calumet to All under the laws of Wisconsin Territory. In 1840, Calumet County’s territory was Mankind! declared to be non-existent and it reverted back to Brown County. It was re- Originally spelled "Chalumet", Calumet County established on February 18, 1842 when derived its name from a Menominee Indian the Act declaring Calumet County non- Village lying on the east shore of Lake existent was rescinded. The boundaries of Winnebago. The name means 'peace' and Calumet County were first set in the signifies the Indian Pipe of Peace. "We Extend Revised Statutes of 1849, Chapter 20. the Calumet to All Mankind" was first adopted as the County’s official slogan by a county The Calumet County slogan was newspaper editor over a century ago. originally derived from a Menominee Indian Village lying on the east shore of Lake Winnebago. That slogan has remained in use to present day. The Indians believed that the smoke from the Peace Pipes of the resident Menominee's ascended to the Great Spirit from within the peaceful border of the county. Traces of prehistoric mound builders can be found today as evidence of their earlier occupation.
The county’s population at the time of incorporation was 275. By 1850, it had risen to 1,753. The County Seat, originally located in Stockbridge, was moved to Chilton in 1856. By 1860, the population had grown to 7,895. Notwithstanding the Civil War, the population continued to grow. In 1870, the county’s population had risen to 12,335. Despite poor wheat yields due to disease and drought, the population increased to 16,631 in 1880. After 1880 however, the population remained constant until the early 1960s. Explanations for this lack of growth include the outward migration of the wheat farmers and the lack of urban centers that supported employment opportunity beyond agriculture. After World War II, growth in the manufacturing sector in the county economy and general economic development in the Fox Valley area stimulated population growth. People began to migrate from the major city centers to the rural areas as automobiles were affordable and developing road networks made for easier commutes. Combined with the proximity to employment both locally and in the Fox Valley, Calumet County became an appealing location to both live and work. These same trends continue to drive population growth.
1.2 Regional Perspective
Calumet County is bordered by Brown, Manitowoc, Sheboygan, Fond du Lac, Winnebago, and Outagamie Counties (see Map 1-1). The majority of the county’s western border is Lake Winnebago. While Calumet County is generally more rural with small cities and villages, the region in which Calumet County is located is also rural, but contains major economic and population centers. The Green Bay metropolitan area is located in Brown County 35 miles to the north, the Cities of Appleton and Menasha are partially located in the county in the northwest
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 corner, the City of Fond du Lac is located to the south in Fond du Lac County, the City of Oshkosh is located on the opposite shore of Lake Winnebago in Winnebago County, and there are several other populous communities that make up the region. The overall Fox Valley region, which will be noted several times throughout this report, generally includes those counties that border the Fox River and Lake Winnebago. As urbanization within these areas and the region continues to grow, many people will be attracted to Calumet County because of its location and amenities.
1.3 Planning Process
Phase I, Plan for Planning
During the summer of 2003, Calumet County facilitated a “Plan for Planning” process with local communities to identify needs and desires of a planning process. The process was intended to determine:
The work effort needed to develop a county comprehensive plan in conformance with Wisconsin’s Comprehensive Planning legislation;
The resources, both internal and external, that could contribute to the planning effort;
An efficient and coordinated planning process between Calumet County and its communities;
How the document and maps should be built;
The committee structure to direct the comprehensive planning process;
Staff and consultant workloads and responsibilities; and
Comprehensive Plan development costs and the number of participating communities.
This process resulted in the submission of a Wisconsin Department of Administration (WDOA) Comprehensive Planning Grant on November 1, 2003. In February of 2004, the county was informed by the state that Calumet County and its participating communities were awarded $248,000 to develop a comprehensive plan.
Phase II, Plan Development
Development of the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart GrowthComprehensive Plan was in response to the passage of Wisconsin’s comprehensive planning legislation (Statute 66.1001). This law requires any local governmental unitall municipalities (counties, cities, towns, and villages, and regional planning commissions) to adopt a comprehensive plan by the year 2010 if they wish to engage in programs such as zoning, land division or official mappingmake any local land use decisions. Calumet County falls under this requirement because it administers a variety of ordinances. Therefore, according to the legislation, Calumet County is required to develop a countywide plan to meet the conditions of the legislation.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Furthermore, As ofafter January 1, 2010, any local governmental unitmunicipality that enacts or amends any zoning, land division, or official mapping ordinance, the ordinance must be consistent with that local governmental unit’s comprehensive plan.“affects land use” through regulation, such as zoning, land division or subdivision ordinances, or official mapping must make its decisions in accordance with that community’s comprehensive plan. Calumet County falls under this requirement because it administers a variety of ordinances. Therefore, according to the legislation, Calumet County is required to develop a countywide plan to meet the conditions of the legislation.
Incorporated community comprehensive plans are part of the county plan. However, a city or village plan is adopted separately and has autonomous authority for regulation and administration within its respective border. While the comprehensive planning law encourages coordinated planning between jurisdictions, it does not require consistency between plans. Accordingly, it is possible that a city or village preferred land use map may conflict with the plan of a neighboring town and that each respective plan will portray this difference. The state comprehensive planning law does not change the basic authorities or relationships between counties and towns in adoption or administration of plans or zoning.
The Calumet County multi-jurisdictional comprehensive planning effort includes 13 of 1920 Calumet County communities. The communities are as follows:
Cities Villages Towns Chilton Hilbert Brothertown Menasha Potter Chilton New Holstein Sherwood Charlestown Rantoul New Holstein Stockbridge Woodville
The remaining five communities have either adopted or are nearing completion of a their own plan. Due to the proposed integration of the existing plans and 100% participation of communities with their ownwithout plans, the county planning process has provided the framework for both county and local plan development. The county process has tried to develop consistency between county and local plans through integrated decision making and coordination of ideas, policies, and plan recommendations.
1.4 Planning Framework and Reporting Process
The Calumet County planning process has resulted in compliant plans for all participating communities as contained in Wisconsin Statute 66.1001. The “Plan for Planning” process resulted in a coordinated plan development and document production process. Plan documents were developed into four main components, detailed as follows:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report. This document component contains inventory, background, and trend data for eight of the nine required comprehensive
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 planning elements, for all communities in Calumet County. Subjects include: population, housing, transportation, utilities and community facilities, agriculture, natural and cultural resources, economic development, intergovernmental cooperation, land use, and related programs. Information that is more qualitative or related to implementation is included within the other three portions of the planning framework. This document is used to build the next three documents and is referenced continually within them.
Municipal (Incorporated Communities) Comprehensive Plans. The second component of the Calumet County planning process is the development of individual municipal comprehensive plans for cities and villages. The Villages of Hilbert and Sherwood and the Cities of Chilton, New Holstein, and Menasha have developed their own comprehensive plans on a timeframe similar to the county and participating towns. The city and village plans are individual documents that also include necessary information and recommendations to make each city and village comprehensive plan compliant with Wisconsin’s comprehensive planning legislation.
Expanded Land Use Elements. The Towns of Brothertown, Charlestown, Chilton, New Holstein, Rantoul, Stockbridge, and Woodville and the Village of Potter have developed expanded land use plan elements that include goals and objectives, maps of existing and planned land use, and implementation strategies. The towns and the Village of Potter have adopted the land use element document they created as their official Land Use Element. To be compliant with statute 66.1001, the participating towns and Village of Potter have also adopted both the Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report and the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart GrowthComprehensive Plan which contain the remaining required eight elements.
Calumet County Year 2025 Smart GrowthComprehensive Plan. This document references the Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report and provides goals, objectives, policies, recommendations, and future programs for the county as well as for each individual participating town. The document also discusses proposed facilities and services, identifies preferred land uses, includes an implementation element, and further develops the other elements of the plan. This document, in coordination with the Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report, meets the requirements of Wisconsin’s comprehensive planning legislation for the county and participating towns. The county comprehensive plan references the incorporated community plans, the town land use plans, and the existing plans of record.
These documents provide the planning framework upon which decisions can be based, allow for local control, and provide planning and implementation strategies that can direct the entire county in a desirable direction for the next 20 years.
1.5 Public Participation Efforts
Wisconsin’s comprehensive planning legislation specifies that the governing body for a unit of government must prepare and adopt written procedures to foster public participation in the comprehensive planning process. The procedures must include open discussion, communication
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 programs, information services, and public meetings for which advance notice has been provided, in every stage of the preparation of a comprehensive plan. In addition, the participation procedures must provide for a wide distribution of proposed drafts, alternatives, and amendments of the comprehensive plan. The public participation procedures should address how members of the public can send written comments on the plan to the governing body, and how the governing body will respond.
Public Participation Plan
To address the public participation directive as identified under Section 66.1001(4)(a) of the Wisconsin Statutes, Calumet County developed a Public Participation Plan for the development of a comprehensive plan for Calumet County. Each participating community also adopted its own public participation plan, with each plan built to address specific community priorities.
Among the many opportunities that were used to foster public participation, the following core efforts were implemented. The core efforts include adherence to the statutory requirements relative to public participation meetings, the corresponding notification procedures, and the directives of the open meeting law. Core efforts to gather public input throughout the planning process include the following:
Posting of public informational meetings, all other meetings, and public hearings in accordance with Wisconsin’s Open Meetings Law;
Sending meeting and hearing agendas and notices to all municipalities and county departments within Calumet County;
Sending notices and issuing press releases regarding public informational meetings, and public hearings to local media outlets;
Displays and exhibits in the Calumet County Courthouse throughout the planning process to keep the public informed about the planning process and outcomes of meetings/hearings, when applicable;
Keeping materials/documents at the Calumet County Planning Department;
Posting information on the Calumet County website for review by local residents.
Interactive feedback and communication on the Calumet County website via electronic mail and a message board.
Focus Group Meetings
In July of 2004 a series of four focus group sessions were held to further explore ideas, issues, and solutions regarding land use topics in Calumet County. Topics for the focus group sessions were selected based on primary issue areas as identified from the Calumet County Advisory Committee. The four focus group sessions included the following topics:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 1. Growth Management, July 19, 2004 2. Natural Resources, July 20, 2004 3. Intergovernmental Cooperation, July 22, 2004 4. Transportation, July 29, 2004
All meetings were held at the Calumet County Courthouse in the City of Chilton. Panelists were invited to attend based on relevant experiences and associations to the topic. At each of the meetings, John Williams of Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC and County Planner, Julie Heuvelman, presented the topic and then led the group in a facilitated discussion. The participants were asked to list their answers to questions, with each question presented and discussed individually with participant responses recorded and numbered on flip charts. In an effort to help prioritize the responses, participants were asked to vote for their top three responses per question. The results of the focus group meetings were utilized to assist in the development of county goals, objectives, policies, and vision. Results of the Focus Group meetings were also posted on the Calumet County Website and discussed at Public Information Meetings.
Summary of Growth Management Focus Group
Participants of the Growth Management Focus Group included a representative from the Land and Water Conservation Department, WDNR, Regional Planning Commission, and County Highway Department as well as town representatives, local farmers, and a local realtor. Members of the public were also in attendance. Overall the group supported a growth management policy, provided it was more flexible than the current policy. Specifically, some members favored smaller lot sizes in the Exclusive Agricultural Zoning District and the concept of allowing a property owner to sell off more property than currently permitted, based on site conditions such as soil type and groundwater.
Question 1: Based on the existing Growth Management Policy, where should growth be allowed to occur?
Top proposals: Development should occur based on the specifics of a site (i.e., if land is unsuitable for agriculture then it should be used for other development); development should occur in those areas close to services and where there is a developed road network; follow the current policy (restrict development to growth management areas that can provide public sewer and water).
Question 2: How would you propose keeping land available for agriculture and open space, assuming the growth projections are realized?
Top proposals: Maintain the current growth management policy but revise it; keep the focus on agriculture but consider options to permit development; build incentives into county policy to stimulate preservation and maintenance of agricultural land; educate public on impacts and costs of development; and reduce the rate of consumption by lowering the size of lots in the agricultural areas.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Question 3: Under what conditions should a landowner be able to sell productive cropland for non-farm purposes?
Top proposals: Productive agricultural land should stay in production; develop a formula whereby for every acre developed an equal or greater number of acres be preserved; allow development in sewer service areas only and provide incentives to those who don’t develop their land (such as requiring the developer to pay a tax which is given to those who don’t develop their land).
Question 4: What types of new development do you feel are appropriate among the active farming areas of Calumet County? Top proposals: Those compatible with surrounding land use; agricultural related uses (those uses that support agriculture); various types but all uses should not be a right (some need conditional use approval).
Question 5: Are there any areas in the county that should have little, or no, residential development?
Top proposals: Niagara Escarpment; the land between the escarpment and the lake; no areas should be limited to no development.
Summary of Natural Resources Focus Group
Participants of the Natural Resources Focus Group included representatives from the WDNR including the High Cliff State Park, the Land and Water Conservation Department, the Calumet County Parks Department, Ledgeview Nature Center, Natural Resource Conservation Service, and the City of Brillion as well as local developer and a town chairman. Members of the public were also in attendance. Overall the group felt our water resources and the Niagara Escarpment were our most valuable resources, and, those features, along with our open spaces, needed the most preservation. The group listed ways to best preserve and protect these resources and indicated the best way would be to develop a mechanism that would balance priorities (create a formula that is outcome based).
Question 1: What are the most desirable environmental features in Calumet County?
Top proposals: Water resources (surface water and groundwater), the Niagara Escarpment, open spaces and farm land.
Question 2: What environmental resources within Calumet County require the greatest amount of immediate attention or protection?
Top proposals: Water (water quality, surface water, lakes, groundwater), open space (open space losses, development impacting farmland and view sheds, loss of character), soil degradation (erosion).
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Question 3: What are the driving forces that could affect our natural resources in Calumet County over the next 20 years either positively or negatively (i.e., trends, threats, opportunities)?
Top proposals: Uncontrolled growth and impacts on resources, economy, balance of property rights and consideration in policy development.
Question 4: What is the best way for Calumet County to effectively preserve and protect its natural resources?
Top proposals: Develop mechanism to balance priorities (develop a formula that is outcome based); educate policy and decision makers to help create sound policy; implement existing plans and regulations.
Summary of Intergovernmental Cooperation Focus Group
Participants of the Intergovernmental Cooperation Focus Group included two town chairmen, the County Board chairman, a Calumet County GIS specialist, representatives from the City of Menasha and Kiel, the Calumet County Highway Commissioner, as well as several other government related representatives. Members of the public were also in attendance. Overall the group felt lack of trust was the biggest barrier to intergovernmental cooperation. They also felt the best opportunity to improve services and efficiencies is to work together as a region rather than pursue individual efforts. This regional approach was also considered to be the best way to improve cooperation between all units of government, school districts, etc. There was a strong desire to have the county facilitate meetings to discuss shared expenses and other opportunities.
Question 1: What barriers exist to greater intergovernmental cooperation in Calumet County?
Top proposals: Lack of trust and misunderstanding between communities; communities want their own identity and to control their own resources; lack of incentives and financial considerations.
Question 2: What possible intergovernmental opportunities are present in Calumet County that could result in better service and improved efficiencies?
Top proposals: Leverage strengths of region rather than focus on individual efforts; communicate and coordinate between multiple entities (i.e., fire, police); joint management between towns to create uniformity and improve efficiency (the idea of one employee who does all applications and paperwork for the towns).
Question 3: What can be done locally, regionally, and/or statewide to increase cooperation between governmental units, school districts, etc.?
Top proposals: Look at regional services and how services are distributed (should boundaries be ignored or altered); develop common ground and language between communities; state level regulations need to change to allow the opportunity to cooperate.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Question 4: What should be Calumet County’s role in facilitating intergovernmental cooperation (i.e., border issues, shared services, information, etc.) among local units of government?
Top proposals: Main role for the county is to facilitate and mediate; continue meetings amongst municipal leaders and expand participation; county could offer services to increase efforts throughout the area (county web site, data clearinghouse, contact information, etc.).
Summary of Transportation Focus Group
Participants of the Transportation Focus Group included the Calumet County Highway Commissioner, the Transportation Planner from the Regional Planning Commission, representatives from the Town of Harrison, a representative for the City of New Holstein Airport, the City of Chilton Public Works Director, representative from Fox Cities Greenways, a representative from the Town of Charlestown, representative from Human Services, and a representative from New Holstein School District. Members of the public were also in attendance. Overall the group felt that financial constraints were the major limitation for road maintenance and improvements. From the discussion it also became evident that the County Highway Department was already coordinating services with municipalities in the county, and, with neighboring counties.
Question 1: What are some of the major transportation issues facing Calumet County for the next 20 years?
Top proposals: Funding limitations, roads being over used (roads carrying a higher volume of traffic than they were designed to carry), and a lack of other modes of transportation (and the issues associated with alternative types of transportation).
Question 2: Can the existing transportation system accommodate the anticipated growth for the county?
Top proposals: Highway 10 corridor improvements are necessary but will be costly; the efficiency of the corridors needs to be coordinated to address safety and pedestrian needs, and needs to be balanced with demand and realize that traffic isn’t that bad in the county.
Question 3: In what ways can communities and the county share or pool resources for maintenance and further development of the transportation system?
Top proposals: Change the mind-set of politicians and let them know cooperation is an available alternative; coordinate funding to get better leverage for joint purchasing; consolidate jurisdictions and services to address limited resources.
Question 4: Is there a need for further trail development? If so, where, and how can it be funded?
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Top proposals: Trails are a matter of funding priority and need to be budgeted for; a funding strategy has to be created that incorporates construction and maintenance; trails should be planned for before land is sold for development so developer agreements can be made.
Calumet County Advisory Committee
Calumet County established a County Advisory Committee (CAC) consisting of at least two representatives from the Calumet County Planning and Zoning Committee, one representative and an alternate from each of the Planning Commissions of all Calumet County communities, and two citizens appointed by the County Board Chairperson. This Committee’s main responsibility was to develop the county plan and provide the framework (goals, objectives, policies, and recommendations) for both the county and local community plans. The CAC was in charge of developing county plan recommendations in conjunction with coordinated land use and regulatory policy with local communities. In performing that function, the CAC spent a majority of it its time assessing growth trends and evaluating county level policy decisions in regard to growth and service demands. The CAC focused on overall county issues, policies, and directives that were utilized by the county and local communities during plan development. In addition, non-participating municipalities and other agencies/jurisdictions such as East Central Regional Planning Commission, Wisconsin Realtors Association, WDNR, WDOT, and the general public were invited to participate at all public informational meetings.
Local Community Planning Processes
Each participating town and incorporated community adopted a Public Participation Plan, managed a project meeting schedule, held meetings in accordance with the Open Meetings Law, and facilitated some community specific public outreach efforts. These efforts included such activities as community mailings, developing and tallying local surveys, and holding special meetings to address local issues of local concern. Some communities also held joint open houses to review and discuss neighboring plans. The project schedules were also coordinated to align the timing of meetings and workshops to build continuity, coordination, and cooperation between neighboring jurisdictions. A joint meeting was also held on April 26, 2005 for the Village of Potter and all participating towns. This meeting included presentations on agriculture, open space, and housing.
Public Informational Meetings
A primary component of the public involvement strategy included planned public informational meetings at key points in the planning process, with the intent to present information, gather feedback, and provide input from Calumet County residents and landowners. The first meeting was held December 1, 2004 and included a one-hour presentation on the comprehensive plan’s progress to date, covering county growth trends, inventory data and maps, a refresher on the local and county plan building process, the level of local municipality participation, accomplishments to date, opportunities and challenges, and a timeline for project completion. Fifty people attended the meeting. The County Advisory Committee (CAC) had met five times prior the meeting and had developed draft county goals, objectives, and a vision statement for the process, which the meeting participants were asked to review and provide comment.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 A second public informational meeting was held July 27, 2005 for all communities. The meeting covered several topics including conservation easements, land trusts, conservation subdivisions, joint sanitary systems, cluster development, purchase and transfer of development rights, annexation, boundary agreements, extraterritorial zoning, and plat review. Approximately 125 people attended the meeting.
A third public informational meeting was held August 24, 2005 with focus on resource issues associated with the Niagara Escarpment. The meeting took place at the Chilton High School Auditorium, with a general purpose to educate the public about the Niagara Escarpment and discuss citizens concerns about land use. A survey was conducted to allow citizens of Calumet County the opportunity to voice their opinions regarding the Niagara Escarpment and how it should be protected or developed for the future.
Approximately 925 notices were mailed out to individuals that owned land along the Escarpment, members of the two Town Plan Commissions and Town Boards, and County Board Supervisors for the area. The meeting was also open to the general public and did have a few survey participants from other areas of Calumet County. There were approximately 125 people in attendance at the meeting. Approximately 115 individuals completed a survey.
The meeting agenda included presentations by two staff members of the Calumet County Planning Department, one member of the Calumet County Land and Water Conservation Department, and a Wisconsin DNR representative. A question and comment period was followed after the presentations and the meeting was concluded with a survey regarding the potential overlay. Results were tabulated and mailed to the respective Town Plan Commissions and posted on the Calumet County Smart Growth web site. The results were used to formulate plan recommendations for each respective community and Calumet County, the results of which are discussed in the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart GrowthComprehensive Plan.
A fourth informational meeting was held on May 24, 2006. The meeting focused on land use coordination between local units of government, as many of the participating communities were finalizing their respective land use plans. In preparation for the meeting, several communities met to discuss their plans in the border areas and discussed potential land use implications in the extraterritorial areas. The meeting was held in conjunction with a CAC meeting, with eight people attending in addition to the CAC members.
At the time of this report, additional public meetings were planned in conjunction with the planning process and are discussed in the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart Growth Comprehensive Plan.
Updates
Since adoption of the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart Growth Plan in 2007, amendments have been made. In January 2012, the county conducted a 5-year update of the comprehensive plan in an effort to comply with s. 66.1001(2)(i), Wis. Stats., and to meet the update objectives of Chapter 9, Implementation, of the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart Growth Plan Recommendations Report. Amendments to this document, which include text, table, chart and map amendments, were made to reflect available updated statistical and factual data with the
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 majority of the updated data provided by the 2010 Census and American Community Survey. No amendments were made to the goals, objectives, policies and recommendations in the Recommendations Report.
1.6 Trends and Opportunities
There are a number of major issues, opportunities, and trends that Calumet County leaders and citizens will deal with over the 20-year planning period. The reason Calumet County chose to facilitate the Focus Groups as discussed earlier in this report speaks to this very point. Pro-active planning may help resolve these issues and facilitate the realization of opportunities. Several primary topics are provided to facilitate this discussion at the end of every chapter in this report.
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 1-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 2. Population and Housing
Wisconsin’s comprehensive planning law requires that a comprehensive plan include a housing element as well as demographic information. Planning for the provision of housing and taking a thorough look at community demographics may be new to many local units of government. Nonetheless, the programs, policies, and actions of local government can influence the housing market and who chooses to locate in a community.
Housing plays a major role in local demographics and the overall characteristics of a county. Housing costs are typically the single largest expenditure for most Wisconsin residents. For homeowners, their home is likely their most valuable asset and largest investment. Housing also plays a critical role in state and local economies. The housing in a community may be its largest asset. The construction industry and other occupations that support housing are a major portion of the economy. Residential development is also a major source of revenue for local communities in the form of property taxes. Beyond the financial aspects of housing, there are also social effects that are not so easily measured. People develop a sense a pride in their homes, which in turn creates a sense of community and a likely increase in participation in community activities.
The comprehensive planning process necessitates that each community and the county analyze the impact of the local, state, and federal policies and regulations on the development of various types of housing. The analysis is intended to take into account the current and projected housing needs in the community and the county. The analysis should result in policies that provide opportunities for the development of the types and amounts of housing expected to be needed over a 20-year planning horizon.
There are a number of benefits that can be realized by developing a housing element and analyzing demographics:
The process of developing the housing element encourages citizens to start thinking and talking about local housing concerns.
The data collection and analysis can increase understanding of the local housing situation and who lives in the community.
The data allows for an understanding of future trends and how the community can prepare for change.
More influence over the nature of future housing development can be attained.
It increases the chances that housing decisions are coordinated with decisions regarding other comprehensive plan elements such as the land use, transportation, economic development, utilities and community facilities, and agriculture, natural, and cultural resources elements.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 It can bring together a diverse range of groups, agencies, and citizens that otherwise may not work together.
It provides the chance to consider the community’s housing concerns in relation to those of adjacent communities.
The following sections discuss in more detail, specific information about Calumet County and local municipalities’ housing stock and patterns, demographics, and future trends.
United States Census 20002010 and American Community Survey
A significant amount of information, particularly with regard to population, housing, and economic development, was obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau of the Census. There were four two primary methodologies for data collection employed by the Census in 20002010, STF-1 andthrough STF-42.STF-1 data were collected through a household-by-household census and represent responses from every household within the country. STF-2 data are similar to STF-1; however, data are available to the census tract level for limited information meeting an established population threshold. In cases were 2010 Census data was unavailable, data from the 2000 Census was used. While the 2010 Census focused on counting the population for purposes of apportionment and redistricting, the American Community Survey (ACS) provides more detailed socioeconomic information, which is asked annually of a small percentage of the population. The ACS data provided in this document are 2005-2009 5-year estimates. To get more detailed information, the U.S. Census Bureau also randomly distributes a long-form questionnaire to one in six households throughout the nation. Tables that use this sample data are indicated as STF-3 and STF-4 data.
Throughout the Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report, data from the U.S. Census will be designated as STF-1 or STF-3ACS data. It should be noted that STF-1 and STF-3ACS data may differ for similar statistics, due to survey limitations, non-response, or other attributes unique to each form of data collection. It should be further noted that the City of Kaukauna has not been identified in the charts and figures using census and ACS data because the annexation of land from the Town of Harrison into the city did not occur until after the census was completed.
2.1 Population Characteristics
Population Outlook
Calumet County had a population of 40,63148,971 persons in the year 20002010. The county has had a history of higher than average population growth over the last 20 30 years compared to other counties in Wisconsin. That growth trend is anticipated to continue during the planning period at rates higher than experienced in the recent past. On a percentage basis, Calumet County ranks second in the state, only behind St. Croix County, based on Wisconsin Department of Administration population growth forecasts from 2000 to 2030. Calumet County’s abundant recreational opportunities, small rural centers, quality transportation system, access to major urban centers, quality schools, and high quality of life have made the county a desirable place to live. Population growth is not only going to occur in total number, but in the structure of population, called age cohort, in certain age categories. As an example, it is anticipated that
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 increases in population of older age groups within the county will continue during the planning period.
Population Counts
Population change is the primary component in tracking growth as well as predicting future population trends. Population characteristics relate directly to demands on community services as well as housing, education, utilities, social services, and recreational facility needs, as well as future economic development.
Table 2-1 displays the population trends of local communities, Calumet County, and the State of Wisconsin from 19701980 to 20002010.
Table 2-1 Population Counts, Calumet County, 19701980-20002010 Municipality 1980 1990 2000 2010 T. Brillion 1,191 1,300 1,438 1,486 T. Brothertown 1,494 1,409 1,404 1,329 T. Charlestown 1,090 875 789 775 T. Chilton 1,120 998 1,130 1,143 T. Harrison 3,541 3,195 5,756 10,839 T. New Holstein 1,527 1,406 1,457 1,508 T. Rantoul 1,184 895 812 798 T. Stockbridge 1,248 1,317 1,383 1,456 T. Woodville 1,160 1,071 993 980 V. Hilbert 1,176 1,211 1,089 1,132 V. Potter 0 252 252 253 V. Sherwood 372 837 1,550 2,713 V. Stockbridge 567 579 649 636 C. Appleton* 58,913 65,695 70,087 72,623 C. Brillion 2,907 2,840 2,937 3,148 C. Chilton 2,965 3,240 3,708 3,933 C. Kiel* 3,083 2,910 3,450 3,738 C. Menasha* 14,728 14,711 16,331 17,353 C. New Holstein 3,412 3,342 3,301 3,236 Calumet County 30,867 34,291 40,631 48,971 Wisconsin 4,705,642 4,891,769 5,363,675 5,686,986 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1970-20001980-2010. Calumet County total does not equal the sum of municipalities listed due to communities located in other counties.
Table 2-2 provides the population in Calumet County for those municipalities located partially in other counties.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-2 Calumet County Population of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 19701980-20002010
1980 1990 2000 2010 C. Appleton* 5,484 9,075 10,974 11,088 C. Kiel* 429 376 321 309 C. Menasha* 0 73 688 2,209 *Only includes population located in Calumet County. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1970-20001980-2010.
Population Change
Table 2-3 displays the number and percent population change for municipalities in Calumet County and the State of Wisconsin.
Table 2-3 Population Change, Calumet County, 19701980-20002010 #Change %Change #Change %Change # Change %Change # Change %Change Municipality 1980-1990 1980-1990 1990-2000 1990-2000 2000-2010 2000-2010 1980-2010 1980-2010 T. Brillion 138 10.6% 48 3.3% 48 3.3% 295 24.8% T. Brothertown -5 -0.4% -75 -5.3% -75 -5.3% -165 -11.0% T. Charlestown -86 -9.8% -14 -1.8% -14 -1.8% -315 -28.9% T. Chilton 132 13.2% 13 1.2% 13 1.2% 23 2.1% T. Harrison 2,561 80.2% 5,083 88.3% 5,083 88.3% 7,298 206.1% T. NewHolstein 51 3.6% 51 3.5% 51 3.5% -19 1.2% T. Rantoul -83 -9.3% -14 -1.7% -14 -1.7% -386 -32.6% T. Stockbridge 66 5.0% 73 5.3% 73 5.3% 208 16.7% T. Woodville -78 -7.3% -13 -1.3% -13 -1.3% -180 -15.5% V. Hilbert -122 -10.1% 43 3.9% 43 3.9% -44 -3.7% V. Potter 0 NA 1 0.4% 1 0.4% 1 0.4% V. Sherwood 713 85.2% 1,163 75.0% 1,163 75.0% 2,341 629.3% V. Stockbridge 70 12.1% -13 -2.0% -13 -2.0% 69 12.2% C. Appleton* 4,392 6.7% 2,536 3.6% 2,536 3.6% 13,710 23.3% C. Brillion 97 3.4% 211 7.2% 211 7.2% 241 8.3% C. Chilton 468 14.4% 225 6.1% 225 6.1% 968 32.6% C. Kiel* 540 18.6% 288 8.3% 288 8.3% 655 21.2% C. Menasha* 1,620 11.0% 1,022 6.3% 1,022 6.3% 2,625 17.8% C. NewHolstein -41 -1.2% -65 -2.0% -65 2.0% -176 -5.2% Calumet County 6,340 18.5% 8,340 20.5% 8,340 20.5% 18,104 58.7% Wisconsin 471,906 9.6% 471,906 6.0% 323,311 6.0% 981,344 20.9% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided is for the entire municipality.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1970-20001980-2010.
Table 2-4 provides the population change in Calumet County for those municipalities partially located in other counties.
Table 2-4 Calumet County Population Change of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 19701980-20002010 # Change % Change # Change % Change # Change % Change # Change % Change Municipality 1980-1990 1980-1990 1990-2000 1990-2000 2000-2010 2000-2010 1980-2010 1980-2010 C. Appleton* 3,591 65.5% 1,899 20.9% 114 1.0% 5,604 50.5% C. Kiel* -53 -12.4% -55 -14.6% -12 -3.7% -120 -28.0% C. Menasha* 73 NA 615 842.5% 1,521 221.1% 2,209 3026.0% *Only includes population located in Calumet County. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1970-20001980-2010.
In 20002010, Calumet County’s total population reached its highest point for the 30 year period shown. From 19701980 to 19801990, the county experienced a population increase of 11.81%, .this greatly exceeded the growth experienced by the state as a whole. From 19801990 to 19902000, the county experienced an even higherhad a similar rate of growth with 11.118.5%, againbut most noteworthy was that this growth greatly exceeded that experienced exceeding the state’s overall growthby the state as a whole. From 19902000 to 20002010, the county’s population increased by 1820.5%, once again significantly higher thatthan the population growth experienced by the state.
Population change experienced by individual communities in the county varies greatly. Some communities have experienced continued population declines while others have experienced significant growth. The most notable population increases have occurred in the Village of Sherwood, and the Town of Harrison, and the Calumet County portion of the City of Menasha. The largest decreases have occurred in the Towns of Charlestown and Rantoul. The population decreases can be attributed to several factors, including annexation and population migration.
The following section will help further identify where the county’s growth occurred.
Town, Village, and City Population
Table 2-5 summarizes Calumet County’s population by town, village, and city. Where growth occurs is important to recognize due to the different level of services that are provided by different municipal types. The location of growth can also be evaluated by how it places demands on the community, and how much growth costs versus how much benefit in tax dollars is received. For example, incorporated communities may be administratively equipped to accommodate a rapidly growing population because of the infrastructure, ordinances, programs, and services that are already in place. Unless the town is similar to the Town of Harrison, towns are not typically staffed with full time administration nor do they have community services such as the sewer and water infrastructure to accommodate rapid growth. Growth in most
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 unincorporated areas will be much lower in density, have fewer services, and yet require similar demands.
Table 2-5 Town, Village, and City Population, Calumet County, 1970-20001980- 2010 # Change % Change 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980-2010 1980-2000 Total in Towns 13,555 12,466 15,162 20,314 7,848 63.0% Total in Villages 2,115 2,879 3,540 4,734 1,855 64.4% Total in Cities 15,197 18,946 21,929 23,923 8,726 57.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1970-20001980-2010. For municipalities that cross at least one county line, data only includes portion of municipality in Calumet County.
From 19701980 to 20002010, the towns, and villages and cities in Calumet County increased at relatively the same rate, all within 7% of each other. The cities increased in population by 8,726 (57.4%), the towns by 7,848 (63%), and the villages by 1,855 (64.4%).nearly the exact same amount, approximately 1,700 persons. However, for towns this was a growth of 12.8%, but for villages this was a growth of 93.7%. The cities in Calumet County increased in population by 9,600 or 77.9%, a greater percentage than towns but significantly less than villages.
Comparative County Population
Calumet County shares its borders with six other counties including Brown, Manitowoc, Sheboygan, Fond du Lac, Winnebago, and Outagamie County. Figure 2-1 displays the percent of population change for these counties and the State of Wisconsin from 19902000 to 20002010. As indicated by the figure, Calumet County experienced a greater percentage population growth than any other surrounding county or the state from 19902000 to 20002010. It is worthy to note all counties in the Fox Valley region experienced growth of 10% or greater. Calumet County offers advantages in geography and natural resources that certainly have contributed to high growth rates. Similar to past trends, the county is positioned for future growth in accordance with forecasted growth trends.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 2-1 Comparative Percent Population Change, Calumet County and Selected Areas, 1990-20002000-2010
25.0%
20.5% 20.0%
15.0%
9.4% 9.7%
Percent Change 10.0% 6.5% 6.0% 4.5% 5.0% 2.5% -1.8% 0.0% Calumet Brown Fond du Lac Manitowoc Outagamie Sheboygan Winnebago Wisconsin County County County County County County County -5.0% Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1990-2000-2010.
Population Estimates
Every year the Wisconsin Department of Administration (WDOA), Demographic Services Center develops population estimates for every municipality and county in the state. Tables 2-6 and 2-7 display year 20002010 Census counts and the 20052011 population estimates for Calumet County. Population estimates should be utilized as the official source for population information, except when Census population counts for a given year are available.
Even though the population estimate represents a single year, Calumet County continues to see its population increase. It is estimated that the county’s population has increased by 138 persons over the past year. The greatest increase has occurred in the Calumet County portion of the City of Menasha with 37 persons or 1.7%.
Calumet County had an estimated 2005 population of 45,168, an 11.2% increase from the 2000 population count. The majority of this growth can be attributed to the significant increases estimated in the Town of Harrison and the Village of Sherwood. Both of these communities experienced greater than 40% growth in the five-year period.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-6 Population Estimates, Calumet County, 2000-20052010-2011 2010 2011 # Change % Change Municipality Census Estimate 2010-2011 2010-2011 T. Brillion 1,486 1,488 2 0.1% T. Brothertown 1,329 1,328 -1 -0.1% T. Charlestown 775 778 3 0.4% T. Chilton 1,143 1,142 -1 -0.1% T. Harrison 10,839 10,885 46 0.4% T. New Holstein 1,508 1,507 -1 -0.1% T. Rantoul 798 797 -1 -0.1% T.Stockbridge 1,456 1,459 3 0.2% T. Woodville 980 981 1 0.1% V. Hilbert 1,132 1,132 0 0.0% V. Potter 253 253 0 0.0% V. Sherwood 2,713 2,725 12 0.4% V. Stockbridge 636 635 -1 -0.2% C. Appleton* 72,623 72,715 92 0.1% C. Brillion 3,148 3,172 24 0.8% C. Chilton 3,933 3,935 2 0.1% C. Kaukauna* 15,462 15,519 57 0.4% C. Kiel* 3,738 3,741 3 0.1% C. Menasha* 17,353 17,381 28 0.2% C. New Holstein 3,236 3,238 2 0.1% Calumet County 48,971 49,109 138 0.3% Wisconsin 5,686,986 5,694,236 7,250 0.1% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 20002010. Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center, Final Population Estimates, 20052011.
Table 2-7 Population Estimates of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-20042010-2011 2010 2011 # Change % Change Municipality Census Estimate 2010-2011 2010-2011 C. Appleton* 11,088 11,095 7 0.1% C. Kaukauna* 0 0 0 NA C. Kiel* 309 313 4 1.3% C. Menasha* 2,209 2,246 37 1.7%
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, only includes population located in Calumet County. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 20002010. Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center, Final Population Estimates, 20052011.
Age Distribution
The population age structure affects a variety of services and needs within a community. Incorporated communities can vary significantly in the age distribution of their residents as compared to unincorporated towns due to the services offered in a more urban area. Services are driven by demand, and a community will typically provide services and facilities to meet the needs of the given population. As an example, people of retirement age may need more access to health care and transportation services, which are typically offered in urban areas. People raising families will require schools, and schools are constructed where population drives service demands.
This social dynamic of a community’s age structure has evolved into a significant trend throughout the country, and is evident in Wisconsin and also Calumet County. The baby-boomer generation, which is a large segment of the overall population, is nearing retirement age. Service demands will result from the age distribution. How a community serves the population demands created by the age distribution is as much a factor in defining community character as the location of the community itself. It will become increasingly important to anticipate potential service demands created from the population shift. Figure 2-2 displays population cohorts by the percentage of the total population for 19902000 and 20002010 in Calumet County.
Figure 2-2 Percentage of Total Population by Age Cohort, Calumet County, 1990- 20002000-2010
20.0%
18.0% 16.6%
16.0% 14.9%
14.0% 12.0% 12.0%
10.0% 7.8% 7.5% 13.7% 18.3% 7.0% 8.0% 6.9% 6.6% 13.5% 6.1% % of Total Population 6.0% 4.9% 4.3% 3.8% 8.0% 8.5% 4.0% 7.0% 7.5% 5.7% 1.6% 4.8% 4.5% 2.0% 3.4% 3.9% 1.2% 0.0% Under 5 5 to 9 10 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 59 60 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84 85 years years years years years years years years years years years years years and over 2000 2010
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1990-20002000-2010.
Figure 2-2 visually shows the shifting of the population to older age groups over the ten year period shown. In 19902000, 14.913.5% of the population was in the 3545 to 4454 age group, but in 20002010 this same group accounted for 18.316.6% of the population. A similar trend was found for the 4555 to 5459 age group. This trend is consistent with the aging of the baby- boomer generation. Both age groups have employment demands, are raising families, and are building new homes, which have substantial impact on community facilities, housing, economic development, and land use. Relative to persons 60 years and older, the total number of people of retirement age is significantlyalso growing in number.
Tables 2-8 and 2-9 display population by age cohort and median age for all communities in Calumet County for 20002010.
Table 2-8 Population by Age Cohort, Calumet County, 20002010 Median Municipality Under 5 5-19 20-44 45-64 65+ Total Age T. Brillion 95 334 453 453 151 1,486 39.2 T. Brothertown 68 258 370 444 189 1,329 43.2 T. Charlestown 40 158 186 267 124 775 45.6 T. Chilton 67 249 321 371 135 1,143 41.6 T. Harrison 924 2,828 3,633 2,703 751 10,839 35.2 T. New Holstein 99 298 416 494 201 1,508 42.2 T. Rantoul 51 180 230 247 90 798 40.3 T. Stockbridge 74 256 377 546 203 1,456 45.9 T. Woodville 50 244 254 303 129 980 41.6 V. Hilbert 78 228 373 293 160 1,132 38.3 V. Potter 13 63 79 59 39 253 38.8 V. Sherwood 221 583 821 811 277 2,713 40.0 V. Stockbridge 28 96 196 200 116 636 44.8 C. Appleton 4,996 15,352 25,101 18,945 8,229 72,623 35.3 C. Brillion 224 633 1,019 761 511 3,148 37.8 C. Chilton 275 733 1,216 1,019 690 3,933 40.0 C. Kiel 238 825 1,155 935 585 3,738 38.7 C. Menasha 1,255 3,424 6,094 4,574 2,006 17,353 36.0 C. New Holstein 159 595 878 883 721 3,236 44.7 Calumet County 3,418 10,894 15,300 13,734 5,625 48,971 38.4 Wisconsin 358,443 1,143,753 1,833,912 1,573,564 777,314 5,686,986 38.5 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided is for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 20002010.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-9 Population by Age Cohort of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 20002010 Median Municipality Under 5 5-19 20-44 45-64 65+ Total Age C. Appleton* 761 2,571 3,578 3,222 956 11,088 35.7 C. Kiel* 22 55 103 85 44 309 39.5 C. Menasha* 169 532 797 573 138 2,209 35.2 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STH-1, 20002010.
By reviewing the median ages provided in Table 2-8, it is evident that the age structure from one community to the next is somewhat different, requiring each community to consider the services and needs of its population differently. The median age in the Town of HarrisonVillage of Potter was 32.335.2 while the median age in the Town of StockbridgeCity of New Holstein was 41.045.9. Each community may therefore receive different demands for services and facilities from its residents.
Overall, the median age of Calumet County appears to be getting older. For example, in 19902000 the greatest percentage of the population was in the 25-3435-44 age group, but in 20002010 the greatest percentage of the population shifted to the 35-4445-54 age group. This shift indicates an aging of the population base and perhaps an increase in in-migration due to high quality of life accompanied by geographic access advantages to employment in the Fox Valley.
2.2 Population Forecasts
Population forecasts are based on past and current population trends and are not predictions, rather they extend past growth trends into the future and their reliability depends on the continuation of these past growth trends. Forecasts are therefore most accurate in periods of relative socio-economic and cultural stability. Forecasts should be considered as one of many tools used to help anticipate and predict future needs within Calumet County.
Wisconsin Department of Administration Forecasts
The Wisconsin Department of Administration (WDOA), Demographic Services Center develops population forecasts for the State of Wisconsin in accordance with Wisconsin Statute 16.96. Forecasts created by WDOA are deemed the official determinations for the state. WDOA forecasts to the year 20302035, for the State of Wisconsin, reveal several important trends that should be noted. These trends are anticipated at the state level, and will therefore have effects on county level population characteristics as well.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Wisconsin’s population in 20302035 is projected to be 6.356.65 million, nearly one1.3 million more than the 2000 Census count of 5.36 million.
The working age population – ages 18 through 64 – will peak in 20152020 at 3.673.75 million and, by 20302035 decline slightly to 3.603.72 million (but still be 300,000430,000 above the 2000 Census count).
The volume of deaths will increase substantially due to the aging population.
The 65-plus population will increase slowly up to 2010, and then grow dramatically as the baby boomers join the ranks of the elderly. Senior citizens formed 13% of the state’s total population in 2000. Their proportion will rise to over 2122% in 20302035.
Tables 2-10 and 2-11 display the WDOA population forecasts for Calumet County to the year 20252030.
Table 2-10 WDOA Population Forecasts, Calumet County, 20002005-20252030
2000 Projection Projection Projection Projection Projection Projection # Change % Change Municipality Census 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 1,438 1,542 1,642 1,759 1,880 1,995 2,102 664 46.2% T. Brothertown 1,404 1,433 1,455 1,491 1,527 1,557 1,579 175 12.5% T. Charlestown 789 776 737 704 668 629 585 -204 -25.9% T. Chilton 1,130 1,151 1,189 1,237 1,287 1,333 1,372 242 21.4% T. Harrison 5,756 8,284 10,121 12,063 14,065 16,074 18,037 12,281 213.4% T. New Holstein 1,457 1,526 1,577 1,642 1,707 1,767 1,818 361 24.8% T. Rantoul 812 842 831 828 823 814 802 -10 -1.2% T. Stockbridge 1,383 1,447 1,508 1,583 1,661 1,733 1,797 414 29.9% T. Woodville 993 953 923 899 872 842 806 -187 -18.8% V. Hilbert 1,089 1,111 1,113 1,125 1,137 1,145 1,145 56 5.1% V. Potter 252 264 290 319 349 378 406 154 61.1% V. Sherwood 1,550 2,282 2,776 3,313 3,868 4,424 4,967 3,417 220.5% V. Stockbridge 649 683 723 771 820 868 910 261 40.2% C. Appleton* 70,087 72,053 74,260 77,005 79,817 82,421 84,683 14,596 20.8% C. Brillion 2,937 2,980 3,045 3,138 3,231 3,315 3,381 444 15.1% C. Chilton 3,708 3,776 3,961 4,184 4,412 4,630 4,826 1,118 30.2% C. Kiel* 3,450 3,584 3,739 3,918 4,100 4,275 4,432 982 28.5% C. Menasha* 16,331 17,188 17,609 18,168 18,768 19,345 19,857 3,526 21.6% C. New Holstein 3,301 3,328 3,364 3,428 3,493 3,544 3,578 277 8.4% Calumet County 40,631 45,302 49,274 53,782 58,409 62,942 67,219 26,588 65.4% Wisconsin 5,363,675 5,589,920 5,772,370 5,988,420 6,202,810 6,390,900 6,541,180 1,177,505 22.0% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center, Final Population Projections for Wisconsin Municipalities: 2000-20252030, January 20042008.
Table 2-11 WDOA Population Forecasts of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-20252030
2000 Projection Projection Projection Projection Projection Projection # Change % Change Municipality Census 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 C. Appleton* 10,974 11,224 12,050 13,016 14,004 14,965 15,867 4,893 44.6% C. Kiel* 321 316 303 293 284 273 260 -61 -19.0% C. Menasha* 688 1,384 1,666 1,989 2,321 2,656 2,981 2,293 333.3% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for potion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center, Final Population Projections for Wisconsin Municipalities: 2000-20252030, January 20042008.
The following are trends and notable information provided by the WDOA population forecasts for Calumet County:
From 2000 to 20252030, Calumet County’s population is estimated to increase by 38.765.4%. The year 20302035 population estimate for the county is 58,96671,227, which would result in a 45.175.3% increase from 2000 to 20302035. (Year 20302035 forecasts are not provided by the WDOA for municipalities.)
On a percentage basis, Calumet County ranks second in the state, only behind St. Croix County, for population growth from 2000 to 20302035.
On a percentage basis, the Town of Harrison and the Village of Sherwood are both anticipated to grow by over approximately 133200% from 2000 to 20252030.
SixThree communities in the county are estimated to experience varying decreases in population from 2000 to 20252030 including the Towns of Brothertown, Charlestown, Rantoul, and Woodville, the Village Hilbert, and the City of New Holstein.
Linear Trend Population Forecasts
Linear forecasts were created by using the 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Census counts. Increasing and decreasing population counts were used to calculate a constant value that was based on past Census counts. These constant values were used to project the population to the year 2030 using a linear trend. Therefore, linear trends are based directly on historical population trends. This data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process. Table 2- 12 displays the resulting linear trends from the 2000 Census count to the estimated 2030 projection.
In general, the linear forecasts that are provided are more conservative than the WDOA forecasts provided in the previous section.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-12 Linear Population Forecast, Calumet County, 2000-2030 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 # Change % Change Municipality Census Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 1,438 1,432 1,426 1,449 1,471 1,494 1,516 78 5.4% T. Brothertown 1,404 1,401 1,399 1,392 1,385 1,379 1,372 -32 -2.3% T. Charlestown 789 738 687 633 579 524 470 -319 -40.4% T. Chilton 1,130 1,101 1,071 1,067 1,063 1,059 1,055 -75 -6.6% T. Harrison 5,756 5,740 5,724 6,081 6,438 6,795 7,152 1,396 24.3% T. New Holstein 1,457 1,430 1,404 1,389 1,375 1,360 1,346 -111 -7.6% T. Rantoul 812 725 638 559 480 401 322 -490 -60.4% T. Stockbridge 1,383 1,391 1,399 1,417 1,435 1,453 1,472 89 6.4% T. Woodville 993 959 925 888 852 815 779 -214 -21.6% V. Hilbert 1,089 1,168 1,247 1,277 1,308 1,339 1,369 280 25.7% V. Potter 252 315 378 428 479 529 580 328 130.0% V. Sherwood 1,550 1,672 1,794 1,997 2,200 2,403 2,607 1,057 68.2% V. Stockbridge 649 648 648 658 669 679 690 41 6.3% C. Appleton* 70,087 72,417 74,746 77,142 79,537 81,933 84,328 14,241 20.3% C. Brillion 2,937 3,000 3,063 3,112 3,161 3,210 3,259 322 11.0% C. Chilton 3,708 3,761 3,813 3,928 4,044 4,159 4,275 567 15.3% C. Kiel* 3,450 3,466 3,481 3,563 3,644 3,726 3,808 358 10.4% C. Menasha* 16,331 16,300 16,269 16,492 16,715 16,939 17,162 831 5.1% C. New Holstein 3,301 3,384 3,466 3,506 3,546 3,586 3,625 324 9.8% Calumet County 40,631 42,303 43,975 46,100 48,225 50,350 52,476 11,845 29.2% Wisconsin 5,363,690 5,482,200 5,600,709 5,751,909 5,903,109 6,054,310 6,205,510 841,820 15.7% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 2000. Foth & Van Dyke linear projections 2005- 2030. The following trends and notable information are provided by the linear population forecast:
From 2000 to 2030, Calumet County’s population is estimated to increase by 29.2%.
On a percentage basis, the Villages of Potter, Sherwood, and Hilbert and the Town of Harrison are estimated to increase the most in population from 2000 to 2030.
Six communities within Calumet County are estimated to experience population declines from 2000 to 2030 including the Towns of Brothertown, Charlestown, Chilton, New Holstein, Rantoul, and Woodville.
For the Cities of Appleton, Kiel, and Menasha, which are partially located in other counties, it is expected that each community will continue to experience population growth at varying rates within Calumet County. For the year 2000, Appleton, Kiel, and Menasha had 15.7%, 9.3%, and 4.2% of their total population located in Calumet County. If these same percentages are applied
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 to the linear population forecasts provided in the previous table the following estimates are created. Future linear population projections will need to include the City of Kaukauna.
Table 2-13 Linear Population Forecast for Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2030 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 # Change % Change Municipality Census Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast 2000-2030 2000-2030 C. Appleton* 10,974 11,369 11,735 12,111 12,487 12,863 13,240 2,266 20.6% C. Kiel* 321 322 324 331 339 347 354 33 10.3% C. Menasha* 688 685 683 693 702 711 721 33 4.8% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are an estimate for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 2000. Foth & Van Dyke linear projections 2005- 2030.
It is estimated that Kiel and Menasha will add approximately 30 new residents to Calumet County from 2000 to 2030. The City of Appleton is estimated to add approximately 2,266 residents to Calumet County, a 20.6% increase from the current population located in the city within Calumet County. Future linear population projections will need to include the City of Kaukauna.
East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission Population Forecasts
The East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (ECWRPC), which serves Calumet County, has also developed population forecasts for the region it serves. This data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process. Table 2-14 displays the 2005 through 2030 forecasts provided by ECWRPC for Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-14 ECWRPC Population Forecasts, Calumet County, 2005-2030 2000 2004 WDOA ECWRPC ECWRPC ECWRPC ECWRPC ECWRPC ECWRPC # Change % Change Municipality Census Estimate 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 1,438 1,529 1,571 1,643 1,702 1,759 1,803 1,835 397 27.6% T. Brothertown 1,404 1,425 1,448 1,429 1,387 1,332 1,256 1,159 -245 -17.5% T. Charlestown 789 782 787 732 658 572 469 352 -437 -55.4% T. Chilton 1,130 1,146 1,169 1,179 1,172 1,159 1,131 1,090 -40 -3.5% T. Harrison 5,756 7,917 8,384 10,112 11,937 13,930 16,005 18,143 12,387 215.2% T. New Holstein 1,457 1,512 1,540 1,538 1,514 1,479 1,422 1,347 -110 -7.5% T. Rantoul 812 826 833 785 719 641 546 437 -375 -46.2% T. Stockbridge 1,383 1,433 1,465 1,494 1,504 1,508 1,496 1,468 85 6.1% T. Woodville 993 967 975 917 838 744 631 500 -493 -49.6% V. Hilbert 1,089 1,106 1,121 1,090 1,038 974 892 793 -296 -27.2% V. Potter 252 251 259 275 290 306 320 332 80 31.7% V. Sherwood 1,550 2,059 2,188 2,677 3,196 3,765 4,358 4,972 3,422 220.8% V. Stockbridge 649 681 699 724 743 759 770 774 125 19.3% C. Appleton* 10,974 11,241 11,588 12,323 12,982 13,656 14,258 14,788 3,814 34.8% C. Brillion 2,937 2,969 3,022 3,008 2,949 2,866 2,741 2,577 -360 -12.3% C. Chilton 3,708 3,760 3,849 3,944 3,997 4,034 4,031 3,990 282 7.6% C. Kiel* 321 320 324 314 298 278 253 223 -98 -30.5% C. Menasha* 688 1,124 1,225 1,661 2,133 2,655 3,208 3,789 3,101 450.7% C. New Holstein 3,301 3,313 3,364 3,301 3,181 3,028 2,824 2,573 -728 -22.1% Calumet County 40,631 44,361 45,812 49,146 52,239 55,445 58,414 61,141 20,510 50.5% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, 2005-2030 Population Projections for Communities in East Central Wisconsin, October 2004.
The following trends and notable information are provided by the ECWRPC population forecast:
From 2000 to 2030, Calumet County’s population is estimated to increase by 50.5%, significantly higher than previous forecasts estimated.
The Town of Harrison, Village of Sherwood, and City of Menasha are all estimated to experience a percentage population increase of over 200% from 2000 to 2030.
Ten communities within Calumet County are estimated to experience population declines from 2000 to 2030 including the Towns of Brothertown, Charlestown, Chilton, New Holstein, Rantoul, and Woodville and the Village of Hilbert and Cities of Brillion, Kiel, and New Holstein.
Comparative Population Forecasts
The following figure displays the three population forecast techniques including the Wisconsin Department of Administration projection, the linear forecast created by Foth & Van Dyke, and the East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission’s forecast.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 2-3 Comparative Population Projections, Calumet County, 20002005-2030
80,000
70,000 67,219 62,942 61,141 58,409 58,414 60,000 55,445 53,782 52,239 52,476 50,350 49,274 49,146 48,225 50,000 45,812 46,100 45,302 43,975
42,303 40,000 Population 30,000
20,000
10,000
0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Year
WDOA Linear ECWRPC Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center, Final Population Projections for Wisconsin Municipalities: 2000-20252030, January 20042008. Foth & Van Dyke linear projections 2005-2030. East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, 2005-2030 Population Projections for Communities in East Central Wisconsin, October 2004. Data provided are only for population located within Calumet County.
Based on the previous projections, it is anticipated that Calumet County’s population will continue to increase at a moderate to somewhat significant rate. The linear population projection is somewhat conservative when compared to the other estimates. To be prepared for any potential population growth situation, the county should plan for population growth as shown by the WDOA projection and the ECWRPC projection.
2.3 Housing Characteristics
There are many market factors that influence housing development within Calumet County. Analysis of the housing interdependency with the other comprehensive plan elements is a very important component contributing to the overall development of the Calumet County comprehensive plan. The physical location of housing often determines the location and cost of many public services and facilities, not the other way around. In addition, housing characteristics relate directly to the social and economic conditions of a community’s residents. Housing information, such as the number, type, value, occupancy, age of the existing housing
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 supply, and projections of future housing units can be used in conjunction with the other socio- economic characteristics to provide the foundation from which decisions regarding future housing development can be determined. This section details the housing characteristics and trends that are found within Calumet County.
General State of Housing and Outlook
The total number of housing units in Calumet County has increased dramatically in the last 10 years when compared to the State of Wisconsin. The majority of homes in the county are single family owner-occupied homes, but there are also a significant number of two-unit and mobile homes. The majority of housing units in Calumet County were built between 1990 and March of 20001999. The majority of housing units in the State of Wisconsin were built prior to 1939. The median housing value in the county is slightly less than the State of Wisconsin; however, the median values of homes have a significant range depending on location in the county. The number of housing units in Calumet County is estimated to continue to increase at a dramatic rate in some areas of the county, similar to the population increases that are forecasted.
Housing Supply
Tables 2-15 and 2-16 detail the number of housing units in municipalities, Calumet County, and the State of Wisconsin.
The U.S. Census Bureau of the Census classifies housing units as a house, apartment, mobile home or trailer, a group of rooms, or a single room occupied as separate living quarters, or if vacant, intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. Separate living quarters are those in which the occupants live separately from any other individuals in the building and which have direct access from outside the building or through a common hall.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-15 Housing Units, Calumet County, 1990-2000-2010
. # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2010 2000-2010 2000-2010 T. Brillion 521 580 59 11.3% T. Brothertown 627 642 15 2.4% T. Charlestown 300 319 19 6.3% T. Chilton 371 431 60 16.2% T. Harrison 2,139 3,801 1,662 77.7% T. New Holstein 558 614 56 10.0% T. Rantoul 258 285 27 10.5% T. Stockbridge 614 704 90 14.7% T. Woodville 337 352 15 4.5% V. Hilbert 458 482 24 5.2% V. Potter 89 99 10 11.2% V. Sherwood 593 1,027 434 73.2% V. Stockbridge 299 348 49 16.4% C. Appleton* 27,736 30,348 2,612 9.4% C. Brillion 1,230 1,349 119 9.7% C. Chilton 1,606 1,808 202 12.6% C. Kiel* 1,498 1,697 199 13.3% C. Menasha* 7,271 7,973 702 9.7% C. New Holstein 1,394 1,520 126 9.0% Calumet County 15,758 19,695 3,937 25.0% Wisconsin 2,321,144 2,624,358 303,214 13.1% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1990-2000-2010.
Table 2-16 Housing Units of Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 1990-2000- 2010 # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2010 2000-2010 2000-2010 C. Appleton* 3,952 4,347 395 10.0% C. Kiel* 149 146 -3 -2.0% C. Menasha* 263 841 578 219.8% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1990-2000-2010.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The number of housing units in Calumet County has increased by 26.425% from 19902000 to 20002010, a rate of growth significantly higher than the State of Wisconsin, which experienced a growth rate of 12.913.1%. While theDespite the population decreasing over the last decade in some communities, Villages of Hilbert and Potter experienced a decline in housing units in the last decade, all communities have seen an increase in the number of housing unitsother communities experienced growth. The Town of Harrison and the Village of Sherwood experienced the most significant growth. The growth in housing units in the Cities of Appleton and Menasha, within Calumet County, has also greatly influenced and significantly increased the total number of housing units in Calumet County.
Housing Occupancy and Tenure
Table 2-17 displays the occupancy and tenure characteristics of housing units for Calumet County in 19902000 and 20002010.
Table 2-17 Housing Occupancy and Tenure, Calumet County, 19902000 and 20002010 Percent of Percent of # Change % Change 2000 Total 2010 Total 2000-2010 2000-2010 Total housing units 15,758 100.0% 19,695 100.0% 3,937 25.0% Occupied housing units 14,910 94.6% 18,575 94.3% 3,665 24.6% Owner-occupied 11,994 76.1% 15,066 76.5% 3,072 25.6% Renter-occupied 2,916 18.5% 3,509 17.8% 593 20.3% Vacant housing units 848 5.4% 1,120 5.7% 272 32.1% Seasonal units 287 1.8% 326 1.7% 39 13.6% Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1990-2000-2010.
Approximately 7676.5% of the housing units in Calumet County are owner-occupied while 18.517.8% are renter-occupied. The housing vacancy rate in the county in 20002010 was 5.45.7%, which is an important measure of whether the housing supply is adequate to meet demand. A housing market's supply of available housing units must be sufficient to allow for the formation of new households by the existing population, to allow for in-migration, and to provide opportunities for households to change their housing. According to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, an overall available vacancy rate of 6.5% (1.5% for the owned portion and 5.0% for the rented portion) allows an adequate housing choice among consumers. Also, high vacancy rates offer a degree of competition in terms of price. The available vacancy rate of a housing market is a good indication of the adequacy of the housing supply, which influences the cost of housing. Using this measure, the housing occupancy and tenure percentages in the county appear healthy, but could be slightly higher. Note that figures provided are from the 20002010 Census, vacancy rates likely fluctuate from year to year and even month to month.
Figure 2-4 further details the housing characteristics in Calumet County.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 2-4 Housing Occupancy and Tenure, Calumet County, 20002010
Renter-occupied 17.8%
Seasonal units 1.7%
Owner-occupied 76.5% Other vacant units 4.0%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 20002010.
Units in Structure
Tables 2-18 and 2-19 display the number of units in structure for Calumet County and its municipalities inaccording to the 20002005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. The City of Kaukauna was not included in these tables because lands were not annexed from the Town of Harrison to the City of Kaukauna until October 2010.
Attached housing units are defined as one-unit structures which have one or more walls extending from ground to roof separating them from adjoining structures, for example, row houses. Detached Multi-Family housing, Forest Junction housing units are one-unit structures detached from any other house, with open space on four sides. Structures are considered detached even if they have an attached garage or contain a business unit.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-18 Units in Structure, Calumet County, 20002005-2009
1-unit 1-unit 2 3 or 4 5 to 9 10 to 19 20 or Mobile Boat, RV, Total Municipality detached attached units units units units more units home van, etc. Units T. Brillion 464 11 20 4 41 0 19 80 0 639 T. Brothertown 635 0 19 0 0 0 0 80 0 734 T. Charlestown 271 0 5 0 0 0 0 17 0 293 T. Chilton 483 0 26 3 0 0 0 24 0 536 T. Harrison 2,937 105 57 9 0 47 0 9 0 3,164 T. New Holstein 547 0 2 3 7 0 0 83 0 642 T. Rantoul 267 5 4 0 0 0 0 15 0 291 T. Stockbridge 691 3 0 0 0 0 0 52 0 746 T. Woodville 344 0 10 0 0 0 0 14 0 368 V. Hilbert 331 3 42 13 42 16 0 67 0 514 V. Potter 67 5 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 81 V. Sherwood 887 35 43 11 15 3 28 0 0 1,022 V. Stockbridge 302 0 36 0 0 22 0 3 0 363 C. Appleton* 19,937 1,297 3,035 853 1,393 1,098 1,827 125 0 29,565 C. Brillion 932 18 132 35 116 51 19 72 0 1,375 C. Chilton 1,022 133 158 21 199 51 11 9 0 1,604 C. Kiel* 1,098 110 207 57 62 12 38 32 0 1,616 C. Menasha* 4,486 240 942 204 533 397 398 201 0 7,401 C. New Holstein 1,081 45 208 16 127 71 12 0 0 1,560 Calumet County 15,008 570 1,072 179 904 495 160 614 0 19,002 Wisconsin 1,692,527 106,987 183,099 95,357 121,560 85,333 164,002 100,694 356 2,549,915 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesSTF-3, 2000.
Table 2-19 Units in Structure, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 20002005-2009 1-unit 1-unit 2 3 or 4 5 to 9 10 to 19 20 or Mobile Boat, RV, Total Municipality detached attached units units units units more units home van, etc. Units C. Appleton* 3,275 196 288 55 357 181 71 68 0 4,491 C. Kiel* 119 0 12 0 0 0 0 21 0 152 C. Menasha* 353 11 10 0 0 53 0 0 0 427 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesSTF-3, 2000.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The majority of housing units in Calumet County, 71.679%, are one-unit detached structures or single family homes. Approximately 6.35.6% of units are 2-unit structures and 4.33.2% are mobile homes. All other units each make up less than 4.012.2% of total units.
Persons per Household
Table 2-20 displays the number of persons per household for Calumet County in 19902000 and 20002010.
Table 2-20 Persons per Household, Calumet County, 1990 and 2000-2010
Municipality 2000 2010 T. Brillion 2.87 2.72 T. Brothertown 2.68 2.47 T. Charlestown 2.71 2.62 T. Chilton 3.09 2.75 T. Harrison 2.88 2.97 T. New Holstein 2.70 2.60 T. Rantoul 3.22 2.93 T. Stockbridge 2.73 2.51 T. Woodville 2.98 2.91 V. Hilbert 2.53 2.45 V. Potter 2.86 2.58 V. Sherwood 2.71 2.75 V. Stockbridge 2.45 2.18 C. Appleton* 2.52 2.43 C. Brillion 2.53 2.42 C. Chilton 2.35 2.28 C. Kiel* 2.42 2.39 C. Menasha* 2.35 2.32 C. New Holstein 2.36 2.25 Calumet County 2.70 2.63 Wisconsin 2.50 2.43 *For 2000, dData provided are for the entire municipality. For 1990, data provided are only for portion of municipality in Calumet County. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 1990-2000-2010.
For the portions of the Cities of Appleton, KielMenasha, and KielMenasha that are located in Calumet County, the number of persons per household for the portion in Calumet is 2.832.62, 2.332.40, and 2.852.79 respectively.
The decrease in the number of persons per household is both a national and state trend. As indicated in Table 2-240, the number of persons per household in Calumet County decreased by 6.62.6%. From 19902000 to 20002010 only onetwo communityies, the Town of Harrison and
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 the Village of PotterSherwood, experienced an increase in persons per household during that time. According to the Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographics Services Center, Calumet County is projected to have 2.642.65 persons per household in 2010, 2.56 in 2020, which is more than the 2010 Census count of 2.63 persons per household, and 2.512.58 in 2030. It appears thatAs anticipated, the number of persons per household is decreasing even quicker than estimated and estimated will to continue to decline.
Age of Housing Units
The age of the housing stock is an important element to be analyzed when planning for the future. If there is a significant amount of older housing units within the housing supply they will most likely need to be replaced, rehabilitated, or abandoned for new development within the planning period. The age status may lead into county or community housing assistance or redevelopment programs. Allowing for a newer housing supply also requires community planning regarding infrastructure, land availability, community utilities, transportation routes, and a variety of other items which are affected by new housing development.
Tables 2-21 and 2-22 describe the year that structures were built in Calumet County, its municipalities, and the State of Wisconsin based on the 20002005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Census.
Table 2-21 Year Structures Were Built, Calumet County, 20002005-2009 2005 to 2000- 1990 to 1980 to 1970 to 1960 to 1940 to 1939 or Total Municipality later 2004 1999 1989 1979 1969 1959 earlier Units T. Brillion 5 64 148 89 64 11 30 228 639 T. Brothertown 3 17 94 64 134 45 96 281 734 T. Charlestown 3 20 17 44 60 9 23 117 293 T. Chilton 15 53 80 34 64 36 57 197 536 T. Harrison 214 1,050 914 187 68 108 109 514 3,164 T. New Holstein 33 78 93 63 91 42 23 219 642 T. Rantoul 3 27 28 14 20 7 41 151 291 T. Stockbridge 21 115 92 98 91 25 86 218 746 T. Woodville 0 20 50 44 46 30 26 152 368 V. Hilbert 0 12 48 83 96 48 76 151 514 V. Potter 3 2 5 3 8 10 10 40 81 V. Sherwood 21 313 302 80 162 38 53 53 1,022 V. Stockbridge 11 8 84 22 46 43 72 77 363 C. Appleton* 358 1,721 3,256 3,773 5,227 3,112 6,130 5,988 29,565 C. Brillion 9 138 205 138 249 207 147 282 1,375 C. Chilton 7 192 227 179 111 151 256 481 1,604 C. Kiel* 29 66 278 84 200 138 330 491 1,616 C. Menasha* 172 541 922 749 915 699 1,760 1,643 7,401 C. New Holstein 0 64 136 219 230 170 297 444 1,560 Calumet County 414 2,544 3,553 2,675 2,688 1,542 1,756 3,830 19,002 Wisconsin 57,283 207,180 360,824 253,932 394,599 260,339 454,597 561,161 2,549,915 Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-3, 20002005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.
Table 2-22 Year Structures Were Built, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 20002005-2009 2005 to 2000- 1990 to 1980 to 1970 to 1960 to 1940 to 1939 or Total Municipality later 2004 1999 1989 1979 1969 1959 earlier Units C. Appleton* 30 255 772 1,314 1,123 548 354 95 4,491 C. Kiel* 0 0 19 0 13 0 0 120 152 C. Menasha* 36 116 239 0 12 14 0 10 427 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the portion of the municipality in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 20002005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.
Based on housing growth by decade, the most significant growth in Calumet County history occurred between 1990 and March of 20001999, with 4,0083,553 units added to the housing stock. Housing growth during the 1990s was nearly double that experienced in prior decades. In comparison to the State of Wisconsin, which had its highest decade of housing growth prior to 1939, Calumet County is an emerging high growth area. Having such a new housing stock is expected due to the more recent increases in population in the area. The growth trends in housing are expected to mirror those of population forecasts which have similar anticipated growth trends.
Housing Values and Rent
Tables 2-23 and 2-24 provide year 2000estimated housing values of specified owner-occupied units in Calumet County. A housing unit is owner-occupied if the owner or co-owner lives in the unit even if it is mortgaged or not fully paid for. The U.S. Census Bureau of the Census determines value by the respondent’s estimate of how much the property (house and lot, mobile home and lot, or condominium unit) would sell for if it were for sale.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-23 Housing Values, Calumet County, 20002005-2009
Less than $50,000 to $100,000 to $150,000 to $200,000 to $300,000 to $500,000 to $1,000,000 Median Municipality $50,000 $99,999 $149,999 $199,999 $299,999 $499,999 $999,999 or more (dollars) T. Brillion 57 64 164 87 72 60 13 0 $141,800 T. Brothertown 25 52 146 119 110 46 6 0 $159,000 T. Charlestown 9 46 78 73 40 22 0 3 $151,600 T. Chilton 3 29 115 106 119 61 5 0 $182,700 T. Harrison 47 143 356 783 1,034 316 71 0 $203,400 T. New Holstein 27 56 123 168 161 40 7 0 $171,700 T. Rantoul 2 23 73 72 51 26 0 0 $163,600 T. Stockbridge 16 36 145 112 134 90 23 9 $179,900 T. Woodville 6 33 90 99 51 27 14 0 $161,700 V. Hilbert 49 114 163 52 3 1 10 0 $106,900 V. Potter 8 27 17 13 5 0 0 0 $100,000 V. Sherwood 17 35 122 293 275 123 35 9 $198,300 V. Stockbridge 0 46 105 58 39 17 17 0 $144,700 C. Appleton* 247 3,073 9,087 3,930 2,325 900 153 27 $136,000 C. Brillion 80 270 442 129 41 9 0 0 $119,100 C. Chilton 39 304 474 104 73 0 0 0 $114,100 C. Kiel* 18 258 433 320 117 4 0 0 $127,200 C. Menasha* 201 1,280 1,686 592 372 136 60 1 $118,300 C. New Holstein 24 346 495 195 48 0 0 0 $112,500 Calumet County 452 1,960 4,872 3,494 2,690 966 201 21 $150,600 Wisconsin 74,488 221,058 363,574 341,211 336,925 170,893 50,188 10,892 $166,100 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesSTF-3, 2000.
Table 2-24 Housing Values, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 20002005- 2009 Less than $50,000 to $100,000 to $150,000 to $200,000 to $300,000 to $500,000 to $1,000,000 Median Municipality $50,000 $99,999 $149,999 $199,999 $299,999 $499,999 $999,999 or more (dollars) C. Appleton* 30 280 1,680 837 332 100 0 0 $141,200 C. Kiel* 25 52 146 119 110 46 6 0 $115,500 C. Menasha* 9 46 78 73 40 22 0 3 $191,500 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the portion of the municipality located in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.
The median value of homes in Calumet County for 20002010 was $109,300150,600, which is slightly less than the State of Wisconsin’s median of $112,200166,100. Housing values in the
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 county range from a low of $82,300100,000 in the Village of Potter to a high of $160,000203,400 in the Village of Sherwood.
Housing Affordability
The 2000 CensusAmerican Community Survey also provides some additional information regarding housing costs. For example, the median monthly owner cost for a mortgaged housing unit in Calumet County was $1,0281,386, only $427 more than Wisconsin’s median. For those in the county who rent, the majority paid between $300500 and $499749 in gross rent with a median rent being $491613. For the State of Wisconsin the median gross rent was $540700. If a singular determination of affordable housing is created upon comparison to the state averages, housing costs in Calumet County are reasonable and affordable.
The generally accepted definition of affordability is for a household to pay no more than 30% of its annual income on housing. Families who pay more than 30% of their income for housing are considered cost burdened and may have difficulty affording necessities such as food, clothing, transportation, and medical care. According to the 2000 Census2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, approximately 13.333.6% of specified owner-occupied homes with a mortgage in Calumet County required 30% or more of household income for monthly owner costs. For the State of Wisconsin, approximately 17.830.4% paid 30% or more of income for monthly owner costs. For Calumet County, approximately 18.310.5% of specified renter-occupied units required 30% or more of household income for gross rent. For the State of Wisconsin, approximately 32.345.9% paid 30% or more of income for gross rent.
Lower Income Rental Housing
WIFrontDoor, offered through the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority (WHEDA), is a comprehensive list of affordable housing units available to low-and moderate- income households in Wisconsin. It’s a web-based resource available to anyone who has access to the internet and includes a comprehensive, searchable list of affordable housing in Wisconsin. This service is free of charge.The Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority (WHEDA) maintains a listing of federally assisted rental housing available in Calumet County. This inventory catalogs the location, management agency, number of units, and type of subsidized household available. The inventory for Calumet County was last updated in May of 2004. According to the inventory there are 13 project locations in Calumet County consisting of 263 total housing units. Of those units, 182 are designated as for the elderly, 58 for family occupancy, and 23 units for disabled individuals. These facilities are located in the Cities of Brillion, Chilton, and New Holstein and the Villages of Hilbert, Sherwood, and Stockbridge.
Community Based Residential Facilities (CBRF)
A Community Based Residential Facility (CBRF) is a home or apartment type setting where five or more unrelated adults live together. The goal of the CBRF is to assist individuals in achieving the highest level of independence of which they are capable. Different populations are targeted by the CBRF and some of these populations include elderly, Alzheimer's patients, emotionally and mentally disturbed, developmentally and physically disabled, and veterans. A CBRF is required to provide assistance with bathing, dressing, grooming, medication, community and in-
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-27 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 house activities, information and referral services, health monitoring, and meals. They are not required to have professional nurses on duty 24 hours a day but do have staff available at all times.
CBRF facilities in Calumet County include:
Century Ridge, Inc., 533 E. Calumet St., Chilton Colonial Residence, 705 S. Madison St., Chilton Comfort Years Assisted Living, Inc., 2 Brighton Circle, Appleton Darboy Living Center, N9520 Silver Ct., Appleton Garrow Villa, 210 S. Parkway Dr., Brillion Roads To Freedom-Brillion, 610 S. Main St., Brillion Roads To Freedom-Chilton, 1024 Steenport Lane, Chilton Willowpark Residence, 1318 Jordan Ave., New Holstein Gardens of Fountain Way, 1050 Fountain Way, Menasha Brillion West Haven, 220 Achievement Drive, Brillion Libby’s House, 323 Field Lane, Chilton Oak Creek Assisted Living, 1237 Tekla Place, Kiel
2.4 Housing Unit Forecasts
Linear Trends Housing Forecasts
Using the Census counts from 1990 and 2000, a linear trend was created to estimate the projected number of housing units from 2005 to 2030 in Calumet County. This data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process. Table 2-25 displays the forecasts.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-28 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-25 Linear Trends Housing Unit Projection, Calumet County, 2000-2030 Census Projections # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 521 562 603 644 685 726 767 246 47.2% T. Brothertown 627 644 660 677 693 710 726 99 15.8% T. Charlestown 300 304 307 310 314 317 321 21 7.0% T. Chilton 371 401 430 460 489 519 548 177 47.7% T. Harrison 2,139 2,631 3,123 3,615 4,107 4,599 5,091 2,952 138.0% T. New Holstein 558 604 650 696 742 788 834 276 49.5% T. Rantoul 267 274 281 288 295 302 309 42 15.7% T. Stockbridge 614 634 653 673 692 712 731 117 19.1% T. Woodville 337 344 350 356 363 369 376 39 11.6% V. Hilbert 458 450 441 432 424 415 407 -51 -11.1% V. Potter 80 73 67 60 54 47 41 -39 -48.8% V. Sherwood 593 727 861 995 1,129 1,263 1,397 804 135.6% V. Stockbridge 299 320 341 362 383 404 425 126 42.1% C. Appleton* 27,736 28,840 29,944 31,048 32,152 33,256 34,360 6,624 23.9% C. Brillion 1,230 1,311 1,391 1,472 1,552 1,633 1,713 483 39.3% C. Chilton 1,606 1,766 1,925 2,085 2,244 2,404 2,563 957 59.6% C. Kiel* 1,498 1,657 1,815 1,974 2,132 2,291 2,449 951 63.5% C. Menasha* 7,271 7,823 8,374 8,926 9,477 10,029 10,580 3,309 45.5% C. New Holstein 1,394 1,472 1,549 1,627 1,704 1,782 1,859 465 33.4% Calumet County 15,758 17,405 19,051 20,698 22,344 23,991 25,637 9,879 62.7% Wisconsin 2,321,144 2,453,829 2,586,514 2,719,199 2,851,884 2,984,569 3,117,254 796,110 34.3% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 1990-2000, STF-1. Foth & Van Dyke linear trend projection, 2005-2030.
According to linear trend forecasts, Calumet County is estimated to have 25,637 housing units in 2030, an increase of 62.7% from 2000. This estimated percentage increase is significantly higher than the State of Wisconsin’s estimate. Two communities, the Village of Sherwood and the Town of Harrison, are estimated to experience a housing unit increase of over 100% for the 30-year period shown.
For the Cities of Appleton, Kiel, and Menasha, which are partially located in other counties, it is estimated that each community will continue to grow within Calumet County. For the year 2000, Appleton, Kiel, and Menasha had 14.2%, 9.9%, and 3.6% of their total housing units located in Calumet County. If these same percentages are applied to the linear housing forecasts provided in the previous table the following estimates are created.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-29 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-26 Linear Trends Housing Unit Projection for Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2030 Census Projections # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 C. Appleton* 3,952 4,095 4,252 4,409 4,566 4,722 4,879 927 23.5% C. Kiel* 149 164 180 195 211 227 242 93 62.7% C. Menasha* 263 282 301 321 341 361 381 118 44.8% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are an estimate for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 2000. Foth linear projections 2005-2030.
It is estimated that Kiel and Menasha will add between 90 and 120 new housing units to Calumet County from 2000 to 2030. The City of Appleton is estimated to add approximately 927 housing units to Calumet County, a 23.5% increase from the current number of housing units located in the city within Calumet County.
Building Permit Housing Forecast
Using available information on the number of building permits issued by municipalities and the county, the following forecast was completed. Except where noted, the forecast is based on an 11 year trend of building permit information. Due to past difficulties in obtaining data from each municipality, and because each municipality must now track such data independently, Calumet County no longer keeps a comprehensive record of this data. Therefore, this information was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process. Table 2-27 displays the forecasts.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-30 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-27 Building Permit Forecast, Calumet County Municipalities, 2000-2030 Census Projections # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 521 579 637 696 754 812 870 349 67.0% T. Brothertown 627 665 702 740 778 816 853 226 36.1% T. Charlestown 300 310 321 331 342 352 363 63 20.9% T. Chilton 2 371 407 443 479 515 551 587 216 58.2% T. Harrison 2,139 3,009 3,878 4,748 5,617 6,487 7,356 5,217 243.9% T. New Holstein 558 608 659 709 760 810 861 303 54.3% T. Rantoul 267 283 299 315 331 347 362 95 35.8% T. Stockbridge 3 614 666 718 769 821 873 925 311 50.6% T. Woodville 337 359 382 404 426 448 471 134 39.7% V. Hilbert 458 473 487 502 516 531 545 87 19.1% V. Potter 80 86 93 99 105 112 118 38 47.7% V. Sherwood 593 821 1,049 1,278 1,506 1,734 1,962 1,369 230.9% V. Stockbridge 3 299 328 356 385 414 442 471 172 57.5% C. Appleton 1 3,952 4,175 4,397 4,620 4,843 5,066 5,288 1,336 33.8% C. Brillion 1,230 1,276 1,322 1,368 1,414 1,460 1,505 275 22.4% C. Chilton 1,606 1,668 1,731 1,793 1,855 1,917 1,980 374 23.3% C. Kiel 1,4 149 150 151 152 153 154 154 5 3.7% C. Menasha 1,5 263 412 561 710 859 1,008 1,158 895 340.1% C. New Holstein 1,394 1,436 1,478 1,519 1,561 1,603 1,645 251 18.0% Calumet County 15,758 17,711 19,664 21,616 23,569 25,522 27,475 11,717 74.4% 1 Data are for portion of community in Calumet County only. 2 Includes new homes in shoreland and data obtained from Town Clerk. Clerk data only available for 2000 through 2004. Projections based on five-year average. 3 No data available for 1995 for creation of trend projection. 4 No data available for 1995 and 1996 for creation of trend projection. 5 No data available for 1994, 1995, or 2001 for creation of trend projection. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-1, 2000. Calumet County Planning Department, 2004.
Similar to linear trend forecasts, a number of communities are anticipated to experience significant increases in housing units from 2000 to 2030. The Town of Harrison and Village of Sherwood are anticipated to experience the greatest increases and the portion of the City of Menasha within Calumet County is also anticipated to experience significant housing growth for the period shown.
2.5 Household Forecasts
WDOA Household Forecasts
Similar to population forecasts, the Demographics Services Center of the Wisconsin Department of Administration also develops household forecasts. Note that projections are for households rather than total housing units. Households are defined as occupied housing units. For example,
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-31 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 in 20002010 the county had 15,75819,695 housing units and 8481,120 vacant housing units resulting in a total of 14,91018,575 households for the county in 20002010. Table 2-28 details the WDOA household forecast for Calumet County.
Table 2-28 WDOA Household Forecast, Calumet County, 2000-20252030 2000 Projections # Change % Change Municipality Census 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 501 538 577 622 672 721 772 271 54.1% T. Brothertown 523 534 547 565 583 601 619 96 18.4% T. Charlestown 291 286 274 264 253 241 227 -64 -22.0% T. Chilton 366 374 389 408 428 447 468 102 27.9% T. Harrison 1,998 2,880 3,544 4,257 5,010 5,786 6,596 4,598 230.1% T. New Holstein 539 565 588 617 648 677 709 170 31.5% T. Rantoul 253 263 261 262 263 263 264 11 4.3% T. Stockbridge 506 530 557 588 624 657 692 186 36.8% T. Woodville 333 320 312 307 300 293 285 -48 -14.4% V. Hilbert 430 439 443 452 461 469 477 47 10.9% V. Potter 86 90 100 111 122 134 146 60 69.8% V. Sherwood 572 844 1,033 1,243 1,465 1,693 1,930 1,358 237.4% V. Stockbridge 265 279 298 320 344 367 391 126 47.5% C. Appleton* 26,864 28,039 29,378 30,854 32,331 33,649 34,944 8,080 30.1% C. Brillion 1,155 1,173 1,208 1,254 1,303 1,352 1,400 245 21.2% C. Chilton 1,512 1,558 1,646 1,753 1,866 1,978 2,096 584 38.6% C. Kiel* 1,425 1,503 1,596 1,699 1,797 1,887 1,969 544 38.2% C. Menasha* 6,951 7,349 7,611 7,912 8,210 8,480 8,724 1,773 25.5% C. New Holstein 1,329 1,350 1,370 1,409 1,447 1,487 1,525 196 14.7% Calumet County 14,910 16,608 18,152 19,936 21,816 23,726 25,710 10,800 72.4% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for the entire municipality. Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center. Final Household Projections for Wisconsin Municipalities: 2000-20252030. January 20042008.
According to the Demographics Services Center, the total number of households in the county is estimated to increase from 14,910 to 22,02725,710 households by 20252030, an increase of 47.772.4% for the 2530-year period.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-32 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-29 WDOA Household Forecast, Municipalities Located in Other Counties, 2000-2030 Projections # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 C. Appleton* 3,872 3,964 4,286 4,668 5,068 5,474 5,895 2,023 52.2% C. Kiel* 138 136 131 128 125 121 118 -20 -14.5% C. Menasha* 241 485 588 708 834 965 1,100 859 356.4% *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for portion of municipality in Calumet County only. Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center. Final Household Projections for Wisconsin Municipalities: 2000-20252030. January 20042010.
East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission Household Forecasts
The East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (ECWRPC), which serves Calumet County, has also developed housing forecasts for Calumet County. Official housing projections are not adopted by the Commission for the region; however, for sewer service area planning purposes, draft projections are completed. The Commission has completed two projections utilizing two methodologies for Calumet County. This data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment. Tables 2-30 and 2-31 display the forecasts provided by ECWRPC from 2005 through 2030 for Calumet County. Table 2-30 ECWRPC Household Forecast A, Calumet County, 2005-2030 Projections # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 501 549 584 615 643 666 682 181 36.1% T. Brothertown 523 543 554 556 551 538 515 -8 -1.5% T. Charlestown 291 292 281 264 240 209 171 -120 -41.2% T. Chilton 366 379 389 395 396 391 380 14 3.8% T. Harrison 1,998 2,913 3,553 4,249 5,001 5,788 6,591 4,593 229.9% T. New Holstein 539 574 593 605 611 609 597 58 10.8% T. Rantoul 261 258 244 223 196 162 121 -140 -53.6% T. Stockbridge 506 539 563 582 596 603 602 96 19.0% T. Woodville 333 329 323 310 291 265 231 -102 -30.6% V. Hilbert 430 445 437 421 396 361 317 -113 -26.3% V. Potter 78 84 90 97 102 108 112 34 43.6% V. Sherwood 572 811 1,008 1,223 1,458 1,705 1,958 1,386 242.3% V. Stockbridge 265 288 307 325 341 354 364 99 37.4% C. Appleton* 3,872 4,096 4,411 4,707 4,988 5,234 5,438 1,566 40.4% C. Brillion 1,155 1,198 1,219 1,223 1,211 1,179 1,127 -28 -2.4% C. Chilton 1,512 1,585 1,657 1,712 1,754 1,776 1,775 263 17.4% C. Kiel* 138 142 147 149 151 150 147 9 6.5% C. Menasha* 241 430 594 778 981 1,200 1,428 1,187 492.5% C. New Holstein 1,329 1,371 1,390 1,389 1,368 1,324 1,257 -72 -5.4% Calumet County 14,910 16,829 18,369 19,870 21,349 22,721 23,948 9,038 60.6% *Data only include portion of municipality in Calumet County. Source: East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, 2004.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-33 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 2-31 ECWRPC Household Forecast B, Calumet County, 2005-2030
Projections # Change % Change Municipality 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2000-2030 2000-2030 T. Brillion 501 548 577 601 624 643 656 155 30.9% T. Brothertown 523 540 537 525 506 479 444 -79 -15.1% T. Charlestown 291 291 272 246 215 177 133 -158 -54.3% T. Chilton 366 379 384 385 382 374 362 -4 -1.1% T. Harrison 1,998 2,911 3,516 4,161 4,863 5,596 6,350 4,352 217.8% T. New Holstein 539 571 574 569 558 539 512 -27 -5.0% T. Rantoul 261 259 245 226 202 173 139 -122 -46.7% T. Stockbridge 506 537 551 559 563 561 552 46 9.1% T. Woodville 333 327 310 285 254 216 172 -161 -48.3% V. Hilbert 430 443 434 416 393 361 322 -108 -25.1% V. Potter 78 91 97 103 109 114 119 41 52.6% V. Sherwood 572 808 996 1,197 1,417 1,648 1,886 1,314 229.7% V. Stockbridge 265 286 298 308 317 323 326 61 23.0% C. Appleton* 3,872 4,094 4,381 4,646 4,910 5,148 5,357 1,485 38.4% C. Brillion 1,155 1,190 1,193 1,178 1,151 1,106 1,044 -111 -9.6% C. Chilton 1,512 1,572 1,623 1,658 1,683 1,690 1,680 168 11.1% C. Kiel* 138 140 136 130 122 112 99 -39 -28.3% C. Menasha* 241 430 586 758 947 1,150 1,362 1,121 465.1% C. New Holstein 1,329 1,356 1,341 1,303 1,247 1,169 1,069 -260 -19.6% Calumet County 14,910 16,774 18,074 19,298 20,533 21,673 22,706 7,796 52.3% *Data only include portion of municipality in Calumet County. Source: East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, 2004.
Household projections provided by ECWRPC continue to show an anticipated significant growth in housing in some communities, particularly the Town of Harrison, Village of Sherwood, and City of Menasha. ECWRPC has forecasted a housing growth for Calumet County between 52% and 61% from 2000 to 2030. Future linear population projections will need to include the City of Kaukauna.
Comparative Housing Forecasts
The following figures display the household forecasts created for Calumet County. Note that Figure 2-5 displays forecasts which represent households, occupied units, not total housing units. Figure 2-6 displays forecasts for housing units.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-34 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 2-5 Comparative Household Forecasts, Calumet County, 2005-2030
30,000 25,710 23,726 25,000 21,816 22,706 19,936 21,673 20,533 20,000 18,152 23,948 16,608 19,298 22,721 18,074 16,774 21,349 15,000 19,870 18,369 16,829 10,000
5,000
0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
WDOA East Central RPC-A East Central RPC-B Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Demographic Services Center. Final Household Projections for Wisconsin Municipalities: 2000-20252030. January 20042008. East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, 2004.
Figure 2-6 Comparative Housing Unit Forecasts, Calumet County, 2005-2030 30,000 27,475 25,522 25,000 23,569 25,637 21,616 19,664 23,991 22,344 20,000 17,711 20,698 19,051 17,405 15,000 Housing Units 10,000
5,000
0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Year Linear Building Permit Source: Foth linear trend projection, 2005-2030. Calumet County Planning Department, 2004.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-35 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 2.6 Housing Programs
The following are housing programs, agencies, and activities that are currently in use or available for use in Calumet County. The following can be used to gather further information about housing and to assist in implementation of housing goals.
State Programs
Wisconsin Rural Development, Rural Housing Service The mission of the Rural Housing Service is to enhance the quality of life of rural people through the creation of safe, affordable housing where people can live, work, and prosper as part of a community. The Wisconsin Rural Housing Service offers housing preservation grants, loans and grants for farm labor housing, loans and grants for home improvement and repair, loans for financing housing site development, loans for home purchase or construction, loans on apartment buildings, and self-help technical assistance grants. For further information contact Wisconsin Rural Development or visit their web-site.
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) – Housing Program The Wisconsin Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program for housing, administered by the Wisconsin Department of Commerce, provides grants to general purpose units of local government for housing programs which principally benefit low- and moderate- income (LMI) households. The CDBG program is a federally funded program through the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Small Cities CDBG Program. CDBG funds can be used for various housing and neighborhood revitalization activities including housing rehabilitation, acquisition, relocation, demolition of dilapidated structures, and handicap accessibility improvements. The maximum grant to an applicant is $500,000. Approximately 15 communities are awarded funds yearly in Wisconsin. For more information on this program contact the Wisconsin Department of Commerce.
Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority (WHEDA) The Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority serves Wisconsin residents and communities by working with others to provide creative financing resources and information to stimulate and preserve affordable housing, small business, and agribusiness. For further information contact WHEDA.
WI Front Door Housing & WI Front Door WiFrontDoorHousing is a web-based community service that is intended to better connect providers of housing and housing services to renters who are looking for these types of housing opportunities. Their goal is to provide access to up-to-date housing information with user- friendly tools. These tools are customized for each user group: renters, landlords and property managers, and housing agency staff that help people find and keep housing.
WIFront Door is a guide to community resources located throughout the state of Wisconsin. The directory provides listings of over 2000 agencies and programs providing services to the homeless and those at risk of becoming homeless as well as those with other housing needs. For further information visit the Front Door web-site.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-36 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Habitat for Humanity The goal of this program is to eliminate inadequate housing and poverty housing throughout the world. Local affiliates, including dozens in Wisconsin, are responsible for raising funds, recruiting volunteers, identifying project sites, and constructing owner-occupied housing for the benefit of participating low-income families. In August of 2004, Calumet County received $55,000 from the Wisconsin Department of Commerce through a Community Development Block Grant to assist with the acquisition of two lots and site improvements needed to construct two homes by Habitat for Humanity.
Regional Programs
Aging and Disability Resource Center In 2005 Governor Jim Doyle announced that a grant of $755,300 (payable in July of 2006) was awarded to Outagamie, Calumet, and Waupaca Counties (working together) to fund an Aging and Disability Resource Center. Until the Legislature acts, however, only about $55,000 (for "planning") has actually been committed to the project. The center will provide services that elderly and disabled Fox Valley residents need to stay in their homes. For further information contact the Center.
Outagamie Weatherization The weatherization program may help with home weatherization repair and rehab. Outagamie Weatherization manages this program on behalf of Calumet County. For further information contact Outagamie Weatherization.
County Programs
Calumet County Homebuyer Program The Calumet County Homebuyer Program is offered through the County’s Planning Department and is administered by Community Housing Coordinators. Funds are allocated to qualifying persons in order to help them make a down payment on a home, make repairs to a home they are purchasing, or even construct a home. Applicants must be income eligible to qualify for services and family size also helps determine eligibility. Applicants must complete an application, participate in homebuyer classes and financial counseling, prepare a spending/savings plan, and use a minimum of $1,000 of personal funds toward the down payment. Information is available at the County Planning Department which can also be contacted for further information.In 2012 the county will discuss whether to retain this program in house via an independent contractor, or partner with an adjoining county to provide services on behalf of the county.
CAP (Community Action Program) Services, Inc. CAP has been on the frontline of the war on poverty since 1966. As a private, non-profit corporation, CAP offers programs in Marquette, Outagamie, Portage, Waupaca, and Waushara counties as well as in parts of Calumet and Wood counties. CAP Services, Inc. is a member of the Wisconsin Community Action Program Association (WISCAP). CAP offers a number of housing related programs including home buyer’s assistance, weatherization, housing rehabilitation, rental housing assistance, and a lease/purchase program. For further information contact CAP Services, Inc.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-37 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 2.7 Population and Housing Trends and Outlook
The following are anticipated trends with regard to demographics and housing in Calumet County for the next 20 years.
The northwestern portion of the county will continue to experience high levels of growth in population and housing due to its location and access to the Fox Cities area.
The county’s population will continue to age and have resulting effects on local service demands and housing needs.
Over the last 30 years, Calumet County’s population grew over twice as fast as that of the State of Wisconsin. Calumet County is forecasted to continue that growth trend over the next 30 years.
The number of persons per household will continue to decrease requiring more housing units and more land to accommodate the county’s growing population.
The number of housing units in Calumet County will continue to grow at rates over double that of the State Wisconsin as a whole.
The Wisconsin Department of Administration forecasts over 7,00010,000 new households will be added in Calumet County between 2000 and 20252030.
The East-Central Regional Planning Commission forecasts between 7,796 and 9,879 new households will be added in Calumet County between 2000 and 2030.
Assuming the level of new residential home construction continues at levels experienced between 1994 and 2003over the last 10 years, Calumet County could see an additional 11,717 new homes between 2000 and 2030.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 2-38 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 3. Transportation
Broadly speaking, a transportation system can be defined as any means used to move people and/or products. A community relies on its transportation system daily to transport people and goods. How effectively and efficiently the transportation system functions has broad reaching effects in every sector of the community. System functionality is also significantly interrelated with a community’s growth potential. Calumet County’s transportation network plays a major role in the efficiency, safety, and overall desirability of the area as a place to live and work.
The transportation system is comprised of different modes, which include: automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, buses, bicycles, trains, boats, airplanes, and pedestrians. While this coordination often appears seamless on an everyday level, there are certain functional characteristics, linkages, and planning components that make a transportation system productive.
Roads and highways account for the majority of a transportation system, both in overall use and in cost. However, they are not the only component. Rail lines, waterways, airways, and trails are all additional elements that contribute to the entire transportation system. Taken together, these individual transportation modes create Calumet County’s transportation system. Thus, it is critical that the transportation element address each of these choices, as applicable to the county. Local Town of Stockbridge Road, Calumet County In addition, it is imperative that the system be as safe as possible. For example, one common safety concern involves private driveway access to public roadways and the potential hazards of poorly coordinated access management. In order to ensure safety and operational efficiency, the transportation system needs to be efficiently managed and maintained. Therefore, in addition to the necessary budgetary and safety considerations of the system, planning for the location and density of new development will need to be evaluated for potential impacts on the transportation system.
The following sections discuss in more detail, specific information about Calumet County’s transportation system.
3.1 Existing Road System
Calumet County’s road configuration is characterized by a rural grid pattern of local roads that typically serve property access, county highways that primarily move traffic between local roads, larger highways, and a system of state and U.S. highways that link more urbanized areas.
Primary roadways within the county include the following:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 U.S. 10 serves as a major route for northern Calumet County and provides for east-west travel. This route travels through the City of Brillion, community of Forest Junction, and eventually, the City of Menasha, providing access to the greater Fox Cities area. The WDOT has both is in the process of adding 824.25 Statutorily Access Controls and 84.09 Statutorily Purchased Access Controls on U.S. 10 in the county.
U.S. 151 is a major east-west route for southern Calumet County. This highway travels from the county’s eastern border through the City of Chilton to the county’s western border. The route then goes south paralleling the shoreline of Lake Winnebago, providing access to Fond du Lac County.
STH 32/57 is one of two major roadways linking northern Calumet County to southern destinations in the county. This highway travels from the county’s northern border through Forest Junction, Hilbert, Chilton, New Holstein, and eventually Kiel. This route also provides a linkage to USH 151 the Green Bay area to the north. The WDOT has added 84.25 Statutorily Access Controls on STH 32/57 from the railroad track crossing in Hilbert and going north into Brown. Between Chilton and New Holstein there are 84.09 Statutorily Purchased Access Controls at intersections only and between Kiel and New Holstein some 84.09 Statutorily Purchased Access Controls.
STH 55 is the other major roadway linking north to south in Calumet County. This highway begins east of Darboy and links Sherwood to Stockbridge and connects to U.S. 151 in the southern portion of the county. This route generally parallels the eastern shoreline of Lake Winnebago.
STH 114 is located in northwest Calumet County and travels from Menasha in coordination with U.S. 10 to Sherwood jointly with STH 55. The route then turns south from Sherwood and then east, providing access to the Village of Hilbert. Statutory Access Controls are in place for STH 55/114 from USH 10 to the Village of Sherwood.
Calumet County also has an extensive network of county trunk highways linking the above listed highways to local roads and destinations.
Table 3-1 shows the total miles of roadway in Calumet County by type of roadway. Figure 3-1 displays the percentages of total roadway found in Calumet County. Table 3-2 shows the total miles of roadway by municipality.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 3-1 Miles of Road, Calumet County, 20042011 Feature Miles % of Total US Highways 34.9 4.0% State Highways 54.0 6.2% Ramps 3.0 0.3% County Highways 133.3 15.3% Town Roads 478.2 54.9% City Roads 126.3 14.5% Village Roads 35.0 4.0% State Park Roads 2.9 0.3% Alleys 1.8 0.2% Private Roads 2.0 0.2% Total 871.5 100.0% Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Calumet County Highway Department, and Calumet County Planning Department.
Figure 3-1 Total Percentage of Roads, Calumet County, 20042011
Village Roads US Highways 4.0% 4.0% State Highways 6.2% City Roads 14.5%
County Highways 15.3%
Town Roads 54.9%
Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Calumet County Highway Department, and Calumet County Planning Department. Features with less than 1% of total mileage are not shown.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 3-2 Miles of Road by Municipality, Calumet County, 20042011 US State County Town City Village State Private Municipality Highways Highways Ramps Highways Roads Roads Roads Park Roads Alleys Roads Total T. Brillion 4.9 6.1 0.0 11.7 54.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.9 T. Brothertown 6.5 0.1 0.0 17.4 53.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 78.2 T. Charlestown 4.7 3.3 0.0 8.5 35.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52.5 T. Chilton 2.5 5.3 0.0 14.2 45.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 67.4 T. Harrison 8.6 13.6 1.3 7.9 89.1 0.0 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.5 123.8 T. New Holstein 0.0 3.3 0.0 19.8 48.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 71.9 T. Rantoul 0.0 0.4 0.0 13.8 45.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 59.9 T. Stockbridge 2.3 7.4 0.3 9.2 58.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 78.1 T. Woodville 4.0 4.7 0.0 15.9 46.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 71.4 V. Hilbert 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.3 V. Potter 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 V. Sherwood 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 19.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 22.5 V. Stockbridge 0.1 1.1 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.0 6.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.3 C. Appleton* 0.5 3.2 1.5 3.2 0.0 45.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 54.3 C. Brillion 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 18.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.0 C. Chilton 0.0 0.8 0.0 3.2 0.0 24.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 29.0 C. Kiel* 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.0 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 3.7 C. Menasha* 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 13.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 14.7 C. New Holstein 0.0 0.4 0.0 2.0 0.0 21.2 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 25.2 Calumet County 34.9 54.0 3.0 133.3 478.2 126.3 35.0 2.9 1.8 2.0 871.5 Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Calumet County Highway Department, and Calumet County Planning Department. Includes miles for entire City of Menasha. *Only includes roads in Calumet County.
3.2 Road Functional/Jurisdictional Classification
The principal components of the county’s transportation system are its highways and roads. For planning and design purposes, the roadways are divided into different classes, such as arterials and collectors, which relate to the function of the roadway. Factors influencing function include traffic circulation patterns, land use, the land access needs, and traffic volumes.
Roadways can be further defined by the entities that have authority over the roadway. These provide jurisdictional classifications. State and federal roads are commonly classified as arterials and county highways as collectors. In addition to arterial and collector roads providing for movement between communities, local roads provide public access to private property. Although a community may not have direct jurisdictional authority over a specific roadway, the development and land use decisions surrounding the roadway impact the roadway users, the community where the roadway is located, and the communities that are linked through the roadway. Additionally, the local street system decisions regarding local travel directly impact the amount of traffic that is diverted onto state and/or county facilities.
Calumet County, administered through the Highway Department, has jurisdiction and responsibility for 128.33133.3 centerline miles of county roadway. The functional road
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 classification system for Calumet County is depicted on Map 3-1. The functional classification of roads is generally the basis of transportation funding related to construction and maintenance. The functional classification of roads in Calumet County is detailed below.
It should be noted that STH 149, from the west county line to the western corporate limits of Kiel became CTH HH in January 2006. This resulted in 7.1 miles being transferred to the CTH system. One of the reasons for the transfer was that traffic volumes were not meeting volumes expected for the highway to be a part of the state highway system. This jurisdictional transfer meant that Calumet County has become responsible for maintenance on the highway.
Principal Arterials
Principal arterials generally accommodate interstate and interregional trips. These routes generally serve all urban areas greater than 5,000 population.
Principal arterials in Calumet County include STH 441, STH 32/57, and U.S. 10 and a portion of STH 114.
Minor Arterials
In conjunction with principal arterials, minor arterials serve cities, large communities, and other major traffic generators, providing intra-regional and inter-area traffic movement.
Minor arterials in Calumet County include CTH LP, STHs 55 and 114 and U.S. 151, and portions of CTH KK, CTH N and STH 114.
Major Collectors
Major collectors provide service to moderate sized communities and other intra-area traffic generators, and link those generators to nearby larger population centers or higher function routes.
Major collectors in Calumet County include CTHs A, AP, B, D, G, H, HR, J, JJ, M, N, PP, Q, X, Y and portions of CTHs BB, E, F, H, HH, KK, Q, T, and NSTH 149(there was a jurisdictional transfer of STH 149 to CTH HH on January 1, 2006).
Minor Collectors
Minor collectors collect traffic from local roads and provide links to all remaining smaller communities, locally important traffic generators, and higher function roads. All developed areas should be within a reasonable distance of a Calumet County Trunk Highway collector road.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Minor collectors include CTHs BB, C, EE, F, K, TLP, S, Y and portions of CTHs BB, E, F, H, HH, and KK, and Q.
Local Roads
Local roads provide access to adjacent land and provide for travel over relatively short distances. All roads not classified as arterials or collectors are local function roads.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 3-1 Functional and Jurisdictional Road System
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This page intentionally left blank.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 3.3 Traffic Volume Trends
Annual average daily traffic (AADT) counts are taken every three years for various roadways in Calumet County. Counts are calculated by multiplying hourly traffic counts by seasonal, day-of- week, and axle adjustment factors. The daily hourly values are then averaged by hour of the day and the values are summed to create the AADT count.
Due to cutbacks in the WDOT traffic counting program in 2005, only principal arterials and minor arterials over 5,000 ADT are counted every three years. Minor arterials under 5,000 ADT and collectors over 5,000 ADT are counted every six years. Collectors less than 5,000 ADT are counted every 10 years. Currently, Calumet County is slated to be counted again in 2007 (excluding collector roads). In 2010, all functionally classified roads (all roads except local roads) will be counted.
U.S. and State Highway Traffic Volume Trends
Table 3-3 displays selected AADT counts for U.S. and state highways found in Calumet County. Refer to Map 3-1 for additional AADT counts throughout the county.
Table 3-3 U.S. and State Highway AADT Counts, Calumet County, 1994- 20042000-2010 # Change % Change Location 2000 2004 2007 2010 2000-2010 2000-2010 U.S. 10, between Brillion and Forest Junction 7,300 8,000 6,700 6,500 -800 -11.0% U.S. 10, just east of STH 55 6,600 7,600 6,900 5,900 -700 -10.6% U.S. 151, just east of Chilton 3,200 2,800 3,400 2,900 -300 -9.4% U.S. 151, just east of CTH C 1,700 1,800 1,800 1,600 -100 -5.9% STH 32/57, between Forest Junction and Hilbert 3,400 NA 3,400 3,400 0 0.0% STH 32/57, between Hilbert and Chilton 6,600 7,000 6,100 5,500 -1,100 -16.7% STH 32/57, between Chilton and New Holstein 6,300 6,500 6,100 5,100 -1,200 -19.0% STH 55, between Sherwood and U.S. 10 2,500 2,600 3,000 2,500 0 0.0% STH 114, just east of CTH N 8,600 10,900 9,900 10,200 1,600 18.6% STH 114, just west of Hilbert 3,900 3,700 3,900 3,800 -100 -2.6% Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) Counts, 2000, 2004, 2007, and 2010.1994, 1997, 2000, and 2004.
As indicated by Table 3-3, the majority of U.S. and state highways in Calumet County have been experiencing decreasesincreases in traffic volumes. The most notable decreaseincrease has occurred on STH 32/57, between Chilton and New HolsteinU.S. 10, where traffic volume has decreasedincreased by approximately 1970%. The only increase in traffic volumes has occurred on STH 114, just east of CTH N, where traffic volume increased by approximately 19%.Overall, U.S. 10 also carries the highest amount of traffic when compared to other highways.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 County Trunk Highway Traffic Volume Trends
Table 3-4 displays selected AADT counts for county trunk highways found in Calumet County. Refer to Map 3-1 for additional AADT counts throughout the county.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 3-4 County Trunk Highway AADT Counts, Calumet County, 1994-20042000- 2010 # Change % Change Location 2000 2004 2010 2000-2010 2000-2010 CTH KK, east of Darboy 3,900 5,100 5,400 1,500 38.5% CTH PP, just north of Brillion 2,500 2,800 2,900 400 16.0% CTH BB, at Brant 1,400 1,700 1,600 200 14.3% CTH Y, east of Chilton 650 750 670 20 3.1% CTH C, in Brothertown near county border 260 280 150 -110 -42.3% CTH H, just west of New Holstein 1,800 1,800 1,200 -600 -33.3% CTH HH (formerly STH 149), just west of Kiel 1,800 2,200 1,600 -200 -11.1% CTH A, near St. Anna 1,000 1,000 960 -40 -4.0% Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) Counts, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2004, and 2010.
As indicated by Table 3-4, only twofour county trunk highway road segments experienced decreasing traffic volumes from 19942000 to 20042010. The greatest traffic volume increase was on CTH KK, east of Darboy, which increased by nearly 40300% for the ten-year period. It is anticipated that traffic volumes in northern Calumet County will continue to increase due to the significant increases in population that are expected for the area.
Local Traffic Volume Trends
The Wisconsin Department of Transportation also tracks AADT counts on selected local roadways within cities and villages. Table 3-5 displays some of the counts tracked within local municipalities. Note that there are many other local streets which are monitored by the WDOT.
Table 3-5 Local Road AADT Counts, Calumet County, 1994-20042000-2010 # Change % Change Location 2000 2004 2007 2010 2000-2010 2000-2010 New Holstein, Wisconsin Avenue 9,000 9,000 8,100 7,800 -1,200 -13.3% Chilton, West Main Street just 4,400 4,200 4,500 4,700 300 6.8% west of Madison Street Sherwood, Military Road just 8,900 8,600 10,000 9,300 400 4.5% north of CTH B Brillion, North Main Street 6,200 6,500 NA 6,100 -100 -1.6% Hilbert, West Main Street 3,100 3,700 3,000 3,200 100 3.2% Stockbridge, West Lake Street 1,000 1,200 1,200 890 -110 -11.0% Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) Counts, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2007, and 2010. *Figures reflect changes from 1997 to 2004, traffic counts were not taken in 1994.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Traffic volumes within municipalities have fluctuated remained generally stable from 19942000 to 20042010. ChiltonBrillion and SherwoodStockbridge have experienced the greatest increases in traffic volumes for the period shown.
3.4 Crash Trends
The total number of vehicle crashes in Calumet County from 19992006 to 20042010 is as follows, as reported by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation:
19992006 – 732489 20002007 – 766544 20012008 – 671618 20022009 – 660555 20032010 – 731453 2004 – 741
The Wisconsin Department of Transportation evaluated the major intersections on the state highway system in Calumet County as part of an ongoing, regional, comprehensive intersection safety analysis study. This review included analysis of reportable crash information from the Department of Motor Vehicles records.
Intersections evaluated:
US 10 and STH 55 US 10 and CTH N US 10 and STH 32/57 US 10 and CTH D STH 114 and CTH N STH 114 and STH 55/Stommel Rd.
The first two intersections listed (US 10 and STH 55 and US 10 and CTH N) do have a significant crash history. The crash rate for these two intersections is close to 1.5 crashes per 1 million vehicles entering the intersection. This rate is not unusual for state highway to state highway and state highway to county highway intersections. However, at both intersections nearly 70% of all crashes that occurred were angle crashes, and over 50% of these angle crashes resulted in an injury or fatality. As part of a study, the WDOT evaluated options available to address the types of crashes that are occurring; one of these options was the construction of roundabouts at these intersection locations. Roundabouts were installed at these locations. The roundabout at the intersection of US 10 and STH 55 was installed in 2009 and the roundabout at the intersection of US 10 and CTH N was installed in 2008.Based on the study results, the WDOT has installed flashing 45 mph advisory signs on US 10 at both the east and west approaches to CTH N. Rumble Strips on CTH N have been installed at both the south and north approaches to US 10 as well as solar powered flashing LED lights above the stop signs. The WDOT has also determined that the roundabout design at US 10 and CTH N is what they are going to pursue constructing at the intersection. A 2009 date for construction is tentatively scheduled. As for the roundabouts at other locations on the US 10 corridor, a roundabout was installed at the intersection of STH 114 and CTH N in 2011. Roundabouts are scheduled to be
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 installed at STH 114 and STH 55/Stommel Road in 2012 and at US 10 and STH 32/57 in 2013at this time the WDOT is reviewing the feasibility of the roundabout design at two other locations on US 10 at STH 55 and US 10 and STH 32/57 and US 10. The remaining three intersections at US 10 and CTH D listed above have has a low crash history, with crash rates well below 1.0 crash per 1 million vehicles entering the intersection, therefore, no improvements are scheduled for the intersection at this time.The WDOT will continue to monitor thesethis locations.
In 2006 the WDOT conducted a study on STH 114. Residents were concerned about a possible increase in accidents and wanted more information on what could be done to alleviate some of the crashes. The study examined the highway between US 10 and Sherwood and concluded that the WDOT does not recommend any reduction to the posted speed. STH 114 remains an important regional arterial providing mobility between the Fox Cities and the outlying rural communities including Sherwood.
The WDOT has taken some steps to ensure this corridor maintains its vital role as a high mobility corridor. Access was frozen per Wisconsin Statutes 84.25. This means that the current access is frozen as it was in 2002 and no new access points will be allowed. The WDOT is also planning some improvements over the next several years. Current plans call for the construction of roundabouts at the intersections of STH 114 at CTH N and at WIS 55 in 2010.
The WDOT recognizes the rapid growth occurring in Sherwood and the Town of Harrison. That growth however, requires facilities to safely move people and goods within the region. STH 114 is one of those corridors. The future of STH 114 should change significantly over the next 15 years as growth continues. In June of 2010, the WDOT began to conduct a long-range (25 year) planning study on this area and a series of stakeholder and public information meetings were held to discuss planning of this corridor. At the meetings, existing conditions and future traffic projections were shared by the WDOT. Road and intersection options were also reviewed and feedback on proposed design options was solicited by the WDOT. The proposed long-range plan was for STH 114 to be transformed from a two-lane highway to a four-lane highway, which would cause several homeowners and businesses to be relocated. Due to the number of concerns raised by municipalities along the route, the WDOT suspended this planning study indefinitely in August 2011. The WDOT is currently working with the East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission on a long-term plan that will help define the necessary improvements to the highway system in this region. This study will identify future growth trends and therefore help in the creation of appropriate plans to provide facilities that safely move people and goods within the region on the state highway system. The study is scheduled to begin in 2008 with a final report in 2010.
3.5 Additional Modes of Transport
Trucking
Trucking is an integral part of the Calumet County economy and depends on a safe and efficient highway system as well as adequate local roads and streets. The manufacturing industry and the agriculture industry in the county are particularly dependent on trucking.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 According to the Wisconsin Department of Transportation truck operator maps, officially designated highways in Calumet County include U.S. 10 and 151, STH 32/57, and CTH PP. There are no state rest areas or private truck parking areas in Calumet County. Table 3-6 details the top ten exports from Calumet County by tonnage.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 3-6 Top Ten Exports by Tonnage, Calumet County, 2005 Commodity Tons Printed matter 3,975 Pulp, paper or allied products 5,687 Fabricated metal products 8,681 Clay, concrete, glass or stone products 17,078 Waste or scrap materials 28,605 Machinery – other than electrical 32,910 Farm products 42,780 Primary metal products 66,294 Food or kindred products 344,364 Nonmetallic minerals, esc. fuels 1,754,309 Source: Wisconsin Department of Transportation, 2005.
Air Service
The only airport located in Calumet County is the New Holstein Municipal Airport. This airport is identified by the WDOT as a Basic Utility – B (BU-B) airport, and does not offer commercial passenger service. This classification means that the airport is designed to accommodate aircraft of less than 12,500 pound gross weight, with approach speeds below 121 knots and wingspans of less than 49 feet. Along with a 3,600 foot paved primary runway, facilities at the New Holstein Municipal Airport include a 2,970-foot turf airstrip. In 2004, the New Holstein Municipal Airport received a Aerial view of the New Holstein Airport $200,666 FAA grant ($220,000 total project cost) that provided grading for a new hangar site, installation of a runway end lighting system, and replacement and relocation of the airport's rotating navigational beacon. As the New Holstein Municipal Airport is the only air facility in the county, the improvements are as much a valuable economic development tool as they are safety enhancements.
At the writing of this document, Calumet County is working with the City of New Holstein to determine whether the New Holstein Municipal Airport runway should be extended from 3,600 feet to 4,300 feet to allow for corporate jets to land at the airport. A survey of area businesses conducted in the fall of 2004 revealed a strong desire to utilize the airport if it were expanded. Of the businesses surveyed, those located outside of the City of New Holstein indicated they would use the expanded runway more than the businesses located in the city.
According to the WDOT Wisconsin State Airport System Plan 2020, the New Holstein Airport will remain under its BU-B classification until the year 2020. In terms of passenger service, the
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 nearest commercial service airports are in Green Bay at Austin Straubel International and in Appleton at the Outagamie County Regional Airport. The Outagamie County Regional Airport is the closest air passenger facility to Calumet County, located in the Town of Greenville, approximately 10 miles to the northwest.The regional airport serves the Fox Cities Metro Area and the surrounding counties with commercial airline service. The airport is currently served by five commercial airlines, and provides 66 flights (arrivals and departures) daily. In addition to the commercial passenger service, air freight, chartered flight service, car rentals, and aviation technological services are also provided at the airport.
Private airports are located in Calumet County in the Cities of Brillion and Kiel and the Towns of Charlestown and Brothertown.
Rail Service
There are several Canadian National rail lines that travel through Calumet County. Canadian National is the parent company of Wisconsin Central Limited, which may also use these lines. Refer to Map 3-1 for rail line locations.
Another line was once present going north from Hilbert through Forest Junction to Green Bay, with a branch also extending through Brillion. This line has since been abandoned and somemost sections have been converted to trails. WDOT purchased the rail line between Saukville and Kiel on January 14, 2005. Calumet County residents and businesses Rail service is a significant issue for industrial were concerned about this change and how it would development affect their ability to continue rail service. However, the county’s service comes from Menasha and/or the east and then runs south towards Kiel. Therefore, the rail purchase would not directly affect county businesses. The Canadian PacificNational Railroad operates a secondary line between Menasha and Manitowoc. There are several daily freight trains that use this line, which extends along the north shore of Lake Winnebago, through the Village of Sherwood, and east to the City of Manitowoc. Most of the trains provide service to the Anheuser Busch Malting Complex operation located along the Lake Michigan shoreline in the City of Manitowoc.
Calumet County businesses are encouraged to continue to utilize rail service to help assure the service is profitable enough to the rail carrier to justify continued service. Companies that currently use rail are as follows:
Kiel: Land O’ Lakes, Country Horizon Cooperative New Holstein: Milk Specialties, Calumet Feeds and Supplies, Inc. Chilton: Worthington Industries, Kaytee, Briess Industries, Chilton Co-Op, Western Industries Hilbert: Fox Valley Alfalfa Mill Sherwood: Sherwood Elevator
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 3-7 details the miles of railroad found in Calumet County by municipality.
Table 3-7 Railroad Miles, Calumet County, 20042011 % of Municipality Miles Total T. Brillion 0.0 0.0% T. Brothertown 0.0 0.0% T. Charlestown 4.3 10.0% T. Chilton 5.9 13.8% T. Harrison 7.4 17.2% T. New Holstein 4.0 9.3% T. Rantoul 6.3 14.6% T. Stockbridge 0.0 0.0% T. Woodville 4.7 10.9% V. Hilbert 3.2 7.5% V. Potter 0.6 1.4% V. Sherwood 0.9 2.1% V. Stockbridge 0.0 0.0% C. Appleton* 0.0 0.0% C. Brillion 0.0 0.0% C. Chilton 3.0 7.1% C. Kaukauna* 0.0 0.0% C. Kiel* 1.0 2.2% C. Menasha* 0.0 0.0% C. New Holstein 1.7 3.9% Calumet County 43.0 100.0% Source: Calumet County Planning Department, 2011. *Data provided is for rail located in Calumet County only.
Water Transportation
Calumet County shares the majority of its western border with Lake Winnebago. While there are a number of marinas and boat landings on its shores, there are no commercial ferries or cruise lines offering passage on the lake.
Calumet County is also relatively close to the Bay of Green Bay and Lake Michigan. Both of these water bodies offer commercial services and ports. The Port of Manitowoc handles bulk commodities, newly constructed yachts, and offers a car ferry. The Port of Green Bay is served by a major railroad and Recreational boating is a major waterway use in Calumet County Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 several nationally known truck lines providing overnight delivery of goods within a 400-mile radius.
Pedestrian and Bicycle Routes
Pedestrian travel is an integral part of the total transportation picture. Many people rely on walking for exercise as well as for travel from their homes to work, school, or shopping. For the elderly, children, and those who are disabled, having safe and convenient pedestrian facilities is often essential to daily activities.
There are several opportunities and designated areas for walking and hiking in Calumet County. The Brillion Wildlife area, Calumet County Park, High Cliff State Park, and the Ledgeview Nature Center all have designated trails.
The communities of New Holstein and Kiel boast the Solomon Trail, a paved hiking and biking trail that connects the two communities. The 2.25four-mile trail runs along STH 32/57 and under the railroad viaduct. In Kiel, the trail system connects to the River Walk trail, which adds another four miles of scenic hiking and biking trails.
In the Village of Sherwood, there are 5.77 miles of trails that connect portions of the village’s downtown area and residential subdivisions. Additional trails are planned and developed in accordance with new residential subdivision development. The village has a long term trail development plan that will ultimately connect the village to surrounding communities.
The Friendship State Recreation Trail connects Brillion and Forest Junction along Hwy 10. This sixfour mile trail passes through woods, scenic farmland, and through the City of Brillion to Horn Park. The trail will eventually connects with the Fox River Trail in Forest Junction. The trail can be used for hiking, biking, and horseback riding. No motorized vehicles are permitted during the hiking, biking, and horseback riding season.
The Fox River State Trail is a limestone, multi-use trail, which is located in an abandoned railroad corridor. The trail runs east of STH 32/57 from Green Bay to Ott Road, north of Hilbert, for approximately 26 miles. The trail can be used for hiking, biking, and horseback riding. No motorized vehicles are permitted during the hiking, biking, and horseback riding season. In winter, this trail is part of the Calumet County Snowmobile Trail system and snowmobiles are permitted.
Calumet County is pursuing linking the Solomon Trail to the Fox River State Trail. The county proposed to run the trail within the Canadian National Rail Line right-of-way as a Rails with Trails project but the railroad denied that request. An alternative trail route has not been identified. The county is pursing a bike route as a short-term solution.
Opened in August 2005, the Fox Cities Trestle-Friendship Trail provides a recreational link between the City and Town of Menasha. The trail features a unique lift bridge over the Menasha lock. The 1,600-foot long, lighted pedestrian bridge is the longest in Wisconsin and includes a center pavilion area with seating, and several fishing platforms along the way. The award
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 winning trestle project is part of the Friendship Trail that will ultimately run from Stevens Point to Manitowoc.
Highly scenic low volume rural roads in Calumet County also provide abundant opportunities for bicycling and bike touring. Attempts have been made to identify those roads most suitable for biking in the county, but at present, no formal action has been taken by the county to officially designate bicycle routes. In addition, the Town of Harrison is in the planning stages to provide a trail that would link High Cliff State Park with the “CE Recreation Trail” along the north side of CTH “CE” in Outagamie County. A possible route for this proposed trail is State Park Road. Other trail possibilities are being considered by various citizen and civic groups in the Town of Harrison. Plans have been discussed to provide walking trails in Harrison that would link Sunrise Elementary School, Community Park, and several residential subdivisions and neighborhoods.
In 2007 the Fox River State Trail gets extended from Greenleaf to just north of Hilbert. In addition, tThe Town of Harrison has planned an extensive local trail system that will connect to the trail. The City of Menasha, Town of Harrison, and Village of Sherwood are also working with the Calumet County Parks Department to extend a trail from Menasha to High Cliff State Park, approximately seven miles. The trail is called the Northshore Extension of the Friendship State Trail. Some on-street trail routes have already been established.
Public Transit
There are currently limited public transportation systems or bus services in Calumet County. There are urban bus services available in Green Bay, Oshkosh, Fond du Lac, and there is a Fox Cities transit system. As the population and density increases in Calumet County, particularly in the northern portion of the county, such services may become more feasible in the future.
The New Hope Center in Chilton does offer a public transportation option for people traveling between the Fox Cities and Chilton. The New Hope Center van meets passengers twice a day at the new Goodwill location in Darboy where passengers are able to make connections to and from Valley Transit’s Route 911 – E. College Buchanan bus route. The van departs from New Hope Center in Chilton Monday through Friday arriving at the Goodwill in Darboy. It returns to Chilton immediately upon loading passengers arriving back at New Hope Center. The van returns to the Fox Cities in the afternoon, departing from Chilton and arriving at the Goodwill Darboy location. It then returns to Chilton.
Valley Transit Call-a-Ride taxi service is also available for a portion of Calumet County on Monday through Saturday. The service area includes the area southeast of Appleton in the Town of Buchanan north of County KK, west of Hopfensperger, south of Kimberly and east of Eisenhower and the Town of Harrison south of County KK, east of N. Coop, north of Manitowoc and west of State Park.
Transportation for Persons with Disabilities
Specialized public transportation services for the elderly, disabled, and other persons with similar needs for more accessible vehicles is referred to as paratransit. There are currently limited
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 services for individuals requiring paratransit in Calumet County. Taxi service is available in Menasha and other Fox Cities communities, but is limited in most of Calumet County. There is a volunteer transportation service coordinated through the Calumet County Aging and DisabilitySenior Resources Center that links volunteer drivers with people in need on a request basis.
Rustic and Scenic Roads
The Rustic Roads System in Wisconsin was created by the 1973 in an effort to help citizens and local units of government preserve what remains of Wisconsin's scenic, lightly traveled, country roads for the leisurely enjoyment of bikers, hikers, and motorists.
Although none are presently designated in Calumet County, the county has a number of roads which could be candidates for designation. These roads would not only provide an attractive landscape for motorized and non-motorized touring, their designation could be used as a promotional tool to attract visitors and visitor-dollars into the county.
Scenic Easements
The Wisconsin Department of Transportation maintains a scenic easement along portions of State Highway 55 and U.S. Highway 151. The easement has been established to protect the view of the area as seen by the traveling public. Although the easements vary slightly, the majority restrict the planting or destruction of trees that would obstruct or minimize the view, the erection of large signs, and on one property the construction of buildings within a specific distance of the highway. The easements have been in place since the mid 1960s. The WDOT Weeks Road Bridge, Manitowoc River, just north maintains a scenic overlook located at U.S. 151 of Highway 151, Chilton and STH 55.
Park and Ride Lots
There are currently two park and ride lots available in Calumet County. The first is the Sherwood park and ride lot 08-01. To reach the Sherwood park and ride, motorists should take either WIS 55 or WIS 114 and head south on Strommel Road just north of Sherwood. The park and ride is located immediately to the left. There is a lighted asphalt lot with parking for 18 vehicles. The second lot in the county is lot 08-02. To reach park and ride lot 08-02, motorists should take US 10 and head north on County N. The park and ride is located immediately to the right. There is a lighted asphalt lot with parking for 1641 vehicles. With the recent installation of a roundabout at US 10 and County N, the WDOT plans to expand lot 08-02.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 3.6 Existing Transportation Plans
State Plans
Corridors 20202030 and Connections 2030: Wisconsin’s Long Range Transportation Plans Currently the WDOT is operating under Corridors 20202030. Corridors 20202030 is a part of WDOT's long-range highway improvement plan designed to provide essential links to key employment and population centers throughout the state. As part of the planning process, Wisconsin's highways were classified based on operational and economic factors. Gaps in the system were identified and improvements scheduled. Since the plan was created in the late 1980's, about 900 miles of new highways have been built to accommodate the network's needs.
One objective of Corridors 2030 is to multi-lane the highways on the backbone corridors by the year 2030.The plan's goal was to complete all backbone improvements, which will connect all communities with a population of 5,000 or more to the state highway system by the year 2005. WDOT is in the process of updating the plan to project the state's needs through 2030.
Corridors 20202030 supports economic development as the highway system assists the state in meeting its intercity mobility needs. These connections are important for the movement of goods and services within the state and other market areas outside the state of Wisconsin. Corridors 20202030 helps create a positive safe and traveling environment allowing business, industry, agriculture, and tourism to expand in the state.
WDOT conducted a study that evaluated new and expanded manufacturing plant locations in the state from 1990 to 2001. The results revealed that these new or expanding industrial firms created over 80,000 jobs in Wisconsin; 90% of these jobs are located within four miles of a Corridors 20202030 highway, which illustrates the importance of the highway system.
The WDOT is currently developing a long-range transportation plan for the state, called Connections 2030. Connections 2030 is expected to be approved within the next few years. This new plan will address all forms of transportation over a 25-year planning horizon: highways, local roads, air, water, rail, bicycle, pedestrian, and transit and ways to make the individual modes work better as an integrated transportation system. Connections 2030 will differ from WDOT's previous planning efforts. Beginning with the release of Translinks 21 in the mid 1990s, the department has prepared a series of needs-based plans for various transportation modes.
WDOT officially adopted Connections 2030 in October 2009. WDOT developed Connections 2030 to address all forms of transportation over a 20-year planning horizon: highways, local roads, air, water, rail, bicycle, pedestrian and transit. Efforts during the next 20 years will focus on maintaining and enhancing that system to support future mobility and economic growth, Connections 2030 sets the foundation for Wisconsin’s transportation system with an emphasis on: safety and security; preserving the existing and future system; optimizing investment in the system for continued safety, enhanced mobility and efficiency; responding to local, regional, national and international economic trends to maintain state economic competitiveness;
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 considering environmental issues to maintain Wisconsin’s quality of life, and; providing users with transportation options.
To meet future demands, additional funding will be required. Because priorities and financial resources for transportation infrastructure needs can vary from budget cycle to budget cycle, WDOT has developed Connections 2030 to be a road map of policy statements with recommended implementation actions and priorities (defined by short-, mid- and long-term activities). The plan is intended to help decision-makers establish transportation funding priorities. Connections 2030 will be a policy-based plan. The policies will be tied to "tiers" of potential financing levels. One set of policy recommendations will focus on priorities that can be accomplished under current funding levels. Another will identify policy priorities that can be achieved if funding levels increase. Finally, WDOT may also identify critical priorities that we must maintain if funding were to decrease over the planning horizon of the plan.
While the final plan will include statewide policy recommendations, some of these recommendations may differ by specific corridors in the state. In addition to policies related to each transportation mode, Connections 2030 will also include recommendations on cross-cutting issues such as economic development, land use, transportation finance and the environment. The department's goal is to provide a plan that can aid policy-makers in future transportation decisions. Connection 2030 will be the statewide blueprint for the future.
Connections 2030 has identified a series of multimodal corridors for each part of the state. When completed, tThe multimodal corridors will accomplish key goals including portraying key Connections 2030 recommendations, prioritizing investments, and assist the WDOT Transportation Regions in identifying future segments for more detailed corridor plans. The following corridors were identified for Calumet County:
Fox Valley, Milwaukee to Green Bay: This 130-mile corridor is part of a major passenger and freight corridor links Green Bay, Appleton, Oshkosh and Milwaukee and points further south, including Chicago. It serves the major manufacturing centers in the Fox Valley. It is also an important tourist corridor between the population centers in Illinois and the recreation areas of northeastern Wisconsin.
Lake to Lake, Fox Cities to Manitowoc: This 50-mile corridor is part of a passenger and freight corridor linking central Wisconsin, the Fox Cities and the Manitowoc-Two Rivers area. With the ferry service across Lake Michigan, it also becomes part of an interstate corridor connection to west central Michigan and points east.
Titletown, Milwaukee to Green Bay: This 110-mile corridor is part of a major passenger and freight corridor links Green Bay, Milwaukee and points further south, including Chicago. It is an important tourist corridor between the population centers in Illinois and the recreation areas of northeastern Wisconsin, including Door County.
U.S. 10/USH 441 U.S. 10/USH 441 is a vital regional transportation link serving the Fox Cities urban area including communities in Calumet, Outagamie, and Winnebago Counties. The WDOT is
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 currently conducting a study that evaluates the impacts of expanding U.S. 10/USH 441 from four to six lanes. The study will also review upgrading U.S. 10/USH 441 interchanges.
The Fox Cities area is one of the fastest growing areas in the state. Traffic volumes have increased sharply over the last decade. Existing U.S. 10/USH 441 does not have sufficient capacity to safely handle expected traffic increases and lacks auxiliary lanes, which help preserve traffic flow between closely spaced interchanges. Construction would not begin until 2011 or 2012 at the earliest, assuming improvements are funded. Calumet County approved resolution 2004-17 in July, 2004, a resolution requesting legislative support for funding of reconfiguration of U.S. 10. The resolution noted that U.S. 10 is an integral part of the economic development of Calumet County as well as Manitowoc, Outagamie, and Winnebago Counties. The resolution also stated the Calumet County Highway Committee felt it is necessary for immediate consideration by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation with regard to funding for design and construction due to the increase in traffic volumes and safety concerns.
U.S. 10 Corridor Study The WDOT is conducting a long-range planning study to address the corridor needs through the year 2035 for U.S. 10 from Midway Road to the U.S. 10/STH 114 split. WDOT began holding stakeholders and public informational meetings in spring of 2010.
There are safety concerns throughout the study areas, though they do vary somewhat by location. As new commercial and residential areas develop, safety and operational issues will occur. Additional control of access points along all of U.S. 10 may be needed to maintain future roadway operations and minimize crashes. Intersection improvements may also be necessary to accommodate the increased traffic.
State Highway 55 STH 55 south of Sherwood has been identified by the WDOT and other planning agencies as a potentially important corridor for the future in Calumet County. As development continues along the USH 41 corridor between the Fond du Lac and Green Bay urban areas, preservation of transportation mobility along the STH 55 corridor may become more important.
State Highway 41 Bypass Long term the Wisconsin Department of Transportation may need to route traffic away from the congested State Highway 41 to the east side of Lake Winnebago, through Calumet County. On February 16, 2010 by Resolution 2009-44, Calumet County requested that the Wisconsin Department of Transportation consider planning for an alternative eastern route of State Highway 41. However, the WDOT declined planning at theis time due to upgrades being made on the existing State Highway 41 in Winnebago County.
Other Studies In winter of 2007 the WDOT will conduct a corridor preservation and expansion study from US 10 to STH 55, south of junction. Also, in winter of 2007 the WDOT will conduct a preservation study and look at access controls on US 10 from STH 441 to STH 32/57.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Regional Plans
Long-Range Transportation/Land Use Plan, Fox Cities Urbanized Area, 2005 This plan, prepared by the East Central Regional Planning Commission, was a requirement due to the location of a Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) in the Fox Cities urbanized area. The study area included approximately 274 square miles including the Cities of Menasha and Appleton and a portion of the Town of Harrison. The plan includes adopted goals, objectives, and policies, an inventory of existing conditions, a land use plan with several alternatives, recommendations, environmental review, and a financial plan.
Specific modal recommendations identified in the plan which are located in Calumet County were as follows:
CTH AP (Midway Road), CTH N to Kernan Avenue: Town of Harrison jurisdiction, proposed project to construct four lane urban section, implementation date of 2010.
CTH KK, CTH N to STH 55: Calumet County jurisdiction, proposed project to construct four lane urban facility, implementation date of 2008.
CTH LP, CTH AP to US 10: Calumet County jurisdiction, proposed project to construct four lane urban facility, implementation date of 2008.
Eisenhower Drive, CTH AP to US 10/STH 114: Town of Harrison jurisdiction, proposed project to construct two lane urban section, implementation date of 2010.
Lake Park Road, Plank Road to Kensington Drive: City of Appleton jurisdiction, proposed project to reconstruct four lane urban section, implementation date of 2007.
US 10, Appleton to urban area boundary: WDOT jurisdiction, proposed project of capacity expansion to four lanes, implementation date not scheduled
The Long-Range Transportation/Land Use Plan also recommended further study for two areas in Calumet County. The first was for STH 114, from US 10/STH 114 split to the STH 55/STH 114 split south of Sherwood. The proposed project would be to study a capacity expansion to four lanes. The second area recommended for further study is CTH N, STH 114 to US 10. The proposed project would by to study a capacity expansion to four lanes.
The county and the Town of Harrison have asked East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission to examine the current transportation system in Harrison and develop a transportation plan so future growth can effectively occur in conjunction with a well planned transportation network.
STH 441/CTH KK Area Traffic Study, 2000 At the request of the Wisconsin Department of Transportation, East Central Regional Planning Commission worked with local jurisdictions to prepare this traffic area study. The area of the STH 441 interchange with CTH KK was expected to experience significant development in coming years. The entire STH 441 corridor has been a magnet for commercial development.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The study area included portions of both Outagamie and Calumet Counties. The study area was bounded by College Avenue (CTH CE) on the north, CTH N on the east, USH 10/STH 114 on the south and Oneida Street (USH 10) on the west. Local governments, including the counties, the City of Appleton, the Town of Buchanan and the Town of Harrison, worked to update the proposed land use plan for the area. Information provided in the study includes proposed land uses, traffic volume forecasts, a safety analysis, as well as a variety of other detailed information.
County Plans
There are no transportation related planning documents solely for Calumet County. The county does maintain a five year capital improvement plan.
3.7 Planned Transportation Improvements
State Transportation Projects
Six Year Highway Improvement Program: 2006-20102011-2016 The WDOT currently invests approximately $750 million each year towards improving and rehabilitating roads. The Six-Year Highway Improvement Program details roads that are scheduled for improvements within each WDOT region. The following are remaining projects identified for Calumet County as well as known project provided by the WDOT District:
MainRyan Street, City of Brillion, CTH HR – E CPL. 1.95 miles planned for 2009 to 20102012. Urban reconstruction of MainRyan Street, Brillion. Urban limits will be extended west to NorthwayProgress Dr. Accommodates utility replacement expansion by the city. West of NorthwayProgress Dr. to HR will be resurfaced.
U.S. 10 and STH 32/57 intersection. Construct a roundabout at the current intersection. Planned for 2013 to 2016.
WCPL Sherwood-U.S. 10. Mill and overlay asphaltic pavement. 2.07 miles planned for 2012.
Intersection modification, STH 114/55. 0.05 miles planned for 2008 to 20102012. Construct a roundabout at the current intersection.Reconstruct intersection of STH 114/55 north of Sherwood possibly to a roundabout configuration.
Telulah Avenue overpass. Replace the Telulah Avenue overpass asphaltic approaches with concrete pavement. 0.10 miles planned for 2012.
Sherwood-Kaukauna park and ride reconstruction. Planned for 2012.
US 10 and CTH N intersection, Town of Harrison, intersection reconfiguration. Planned for 2008.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 US 10 and STH 55 intersection, Town of Harrison, intersection reconfiguration. Planned for 2009.
US 10, Ryan Street, City of Brillion. CTH HR to ECPL. Planned for 2009.
US 10 and STH 32/57 intersection reconfiguration. Planned for 2010.
STH 55, Military Road, Village of Sherwood. STH 114 to CTH M. Planned for 2014.
STH 114 intersection reconfiguration. STH 114 intersection with STH 55. Planned for 2010.
STH 114 intersection reconfiguration. STH 114 and CTH N intersection. Planned for 2010.
CTH BB, STH 114 to CTH B. Town of Woodville. STP-Rural railroad minor. Planned for 2008.
CTH E, STH 32/57 to CTH Y. Town of Chilton and Rantoul. STP-Rural Minor. Planned for 2007.
CTH Y, East Main Street, STH 32/57-Park Street. City of Chilton. STP-Rural Minor. Planned for 2007.
County Transportation Projects
The Calumet County Highway Department develops and/or revises a five-year capital improvement plan every year. The following are planned projects for 20072012 through 20102016.
20072012 E: CTH E to STH 32/57, Bridge Replacement Design F: CTH BB to STH 55, Pulverize and Overlay (4.9 miles) KK: CTH N to Outagamie County Line, Pulverize and Overlay (0.96 miles) KK: Coop Road Intersection, Design and Construct Signal with Outagamie County, Appleton, Harrison, Buchanan LP: U.S. 10 to Midway Rd, Design 3-lanes STH 32/57 road construction summer of 2004 G: CTH H to South County Line, Pulverize and Binder (1 mile) HR: STH 32/57 to USH 10, Overlay Finish (3.4 miles) K: STH 32/57 to CTH PP, Pulverize and Binder (4.49 miles) KK: Calumet County Line to Brown County Line, Pulverize and Binder (2.49 miles)
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 N: USH 10 to STH 114, Overlay Finish (1 mile) Y: STH 32/57 to Park St., Construct with City of Chilton
20082013 BB: STH 114 to CTH B, Reconstruct with Woodville (2.0 miles) C: STH 151 to CTH H, Pulverize and Overlay (2.0 miles) E: CTH E to STH 32/57, Bridge Replacement Construction H: CTH G to CTH G, Pulverize and Overlay (2.0 miles) KK: CTH N to Outagamie County Line, Pulverize and Overlay (0.96 miles) KK: Coop Road Intersection, Design and Construct Signal with Outagamie County, Appleton, Harrison, Buchanan Y: CTH E to CTH PP, Pulverize and Overlay Hot Mix (3.6 miles) X: STH 57 to Manitowoc County Line, Pulverize and Overlay Hot Mix (2.1 miles). AP: CTH N to Kernan Avenue, Design with Appleton, Harrison (STP Urban) G: CTH H to South County Line, Overlay Finish (1mile) K: STH 32/57 to CTH PP, Overlay Finish (4.49 miles) KK: Calumet County Line to Brown County Line, Overlay Finish (2.49 miles) KK: CTH N to STH 55, Design with Harrison, Buchanan, Outagamie County (STP Urban) S: STH 55 to STH 114, Overlay Finish (1.24 miles) T: Church Rd. to USH 151, Design (1.46 miles)
20092014 BB: STH 114 to CTH B, Reconstruct with Woodville (2.0 miles) BB: CTH B to U.S. 10, Right-of-Way Purchase C: STH 151 to CTH H, Pulverize and Overlay (2.0 miles) H: CTH G to CTH G, Pulverize and Overlay (2.0 miles) J: CTH X to South Urban Limit, Mill Curb and Overlay with City of New Holstein LP: U.S. 10 to Midway Rd, Pulverize and Overlay (1.51 miles) Lake Park Rd: Plank Rd to Midway Rd, Concrete Pavement Construction with Appleton N: Schmidt Rd to U.S. 10, Design Urban with Harrison Y: Park St to Breed St, Design Reconstruct with City of Chilton Y: CTH E to CTH PP, Pulverize and Overlay Hot Mix (3.6 miles) AP: CTH N to Kernan Avenue, Construct with Appleton, Harrison (STP Urban) BB: STH 114 to CTH B, Design with Woodville (2.73 miles STP Rural) D: USH 10 to Brown County Line, Mill Curb Areas, Pulverize, Overlay (2.3 miles) F: Grand Street to USH 151, Design with City of Chilton KK: CTH N to STH 55, Design with Harrison, Buchanan, Outagamie County (STP Urban) LP: USH 10 to CTH AP, Design with Menasha, Appleton, Harrison N: USH 10 to STH 114, Pulverize and Binder (1 mile). Will be completed in coordination with WDOT roundabout project.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-27 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 20102015 Midway Rd: N Coop Rd to CTH N, Design and New Construction with Harrison (1.0 miles) BB: CTH F to STH 114, Pulverize and Overlay (7.2 miles) G: MB Lane to CTH H, Pulverize and Overlay (4.72 miles) H: CTH G to CTH C, Pulverize and Overlay (2.02 miles) LP: U.S. 10 to Midway Rd, Pulverize and Overlay (1.51 miles) T: Church Rd to CTH X, Pulverize and Overlay (5.73 miles) T: Church Rd to U.S. 151, Reconstruct (1.46 miles)
2016 Eisenhower: U.S. 10 to Midway Rd, Design and New Construction with Harrison (1.5 miles) BB: CTH B to U.S. 10, Reconstruct with Woodville (3.3 miles) F: U.S. 151 to Grant St, Design and Reconstruct (0.4 miles) G: MB Lane to CTH H, Pulverize and Overlay (4.72 miles) H: CTH G to CTH C, Pulverize and Overlay (2.02 miles) KK: CTH N to STH 55, Design and Construct with Harrison, Buchanan, Outagamie County (STP Urban) LP: U.S. 10 to Midway Rd, Construct with Harrison, Menasha T: Church Rd to CTH X, Pulverize and Overlay (5.73 miles) BB: STH 114 to CTH B, Construct with Woodville (2.73 miles STP Rural) J: CTH X to New Holstein South Urban Limits, Pulverize, Overlay ( 1 mile) KK: CTH N to STH 55, Construct with Harrison, Buchanan, Outagamie County (STP Urban) LP: USH 10 to CTH AP, Construct with Menasha, Appleton, Harrison N: Schmidt Rd. to USH 10, Design with Harrison T: Church Rd. to USH 151, Construct (1.46 miles) Y: Park St. to Breed St., Design with City of Chilton
3.8 Transportation Programs
The following are transportation programs, agencies, and activities that are currently in use or available for use in Calumet County. The following can be used to gather further information about transportation and to assist in implementation of transportation goals.
State Programs
Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Bureau of Aeronautics The Bureau of Aeronautics is responsible for accomplishing the WDOT mission in the air mode of transportation. The Bureau's mandate includes improving aviation safety, developing air transportation facilities, and providing aviation information and technical expertise to an array of external and internal customers. The Bureau works closely with federal, state, and local governments and with aviation industry associations. The Bureau has state permit authority for airport site approval and tall structures construction. The Bureau provides safety and technical education programs to aid pilots, flight instructors, and mechanics in meeting FAA regulatory requirements. For further information contact the WDOT.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-28 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Freight Railroad Programs The Wisconsin Department of Transportation offers two programs to help preserve and improve Wisconsin’s freight rail service: The Freight Railroad Preservation Program (FRPP) and the Freight Railroad Infrastructure Improvement Program (FRIIM). These programs provide local units of government, industries, and railroads the assistance they need to preserve essential rail lines and encourage improvements to existing rail lines. Typical projects include track rehabilitation, spur construction, track acquisition, and storage facility construction. For further information contact the Bureau of Railroads and Harbors of the WDOT.
Transportation Economic Assistance (TEA) Program The Transportation Economic Assistance program provides 50% state grants to governing bodies, private businesses, and consortiums for road, rail, harbor, and airport projects that help attract employers to Wisconsin or encourage business and industry to remain and expand in the state. Grants of up to $1 million are available for transportation improvements that are essential for an economic development project. It must be scheduled to begin within three years, have the local government's endorsement, and benefit the public. For further information about this program contact the WDOT, Division of Transportation Investment Management.
Local Roads Improvement Program (LRIP) Established in 1991, the Local Roads Improvement Program (LRIP) assists local governments in improving seriously deteriorating county highways, town roads, and city and village streets. A reimbursement program, LRIP pays up to 50% of total eligible costs with local governments providing the balance. The program has three basic components: County Highway Improvement (CHIP); Town Road Improvement (TRIP); and Municipal Street Improvement (MSIP). Three additional discretionary programs (CHIP-D, TRIP-D and MSIP-D) allow municipalities to apply for additional funds for high-cost road projects. For further information contact the WDOT.
County Elderly and Disabled Transportation Assistance Program The County Elderly and Disabled Transportation Assistance program provides counties with financial assistance to provide transportation services to elderly persons and persons with disabilities. For further information contact the WDOT.
Recreational Trails Program Towns, villages, cities, counties, tribal governing bodies, school districts, and incorporated organizations are eligible to receive reimbursement for development and maintenance of recreational trails and trail-related facilities for both motorized and non-motorized recreational trail uses. Eligible sponsors may be reimbursed for up to 50% of the total project costs. Eligible projects include maintenance and restoration of existing trails, development and rehabilitation of trailside and trailhead facilities and trail linkages, construction of new trails, and acquisition of easement or property for trails. For further information contact the WDNR.
Safe Routes to School Program The revised federal transportation act, SAFETEA-LU, signed into law on August 10, 2005, provides funding to state departments of transportation to create and administer Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Programs. SRTS programs encourage children ages K-8 to walk and bike to school by creating safer walking and biking routes. SRTS programs improve walking and biking
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-29 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 travel options, promote healthier lifestyles in children at an early age, and decrease auto-related emissions near schools.
SRTS will allow parents and communities to feel better about their children walking and biking to school by creating a safer environment in the vicinity of the school. This can be achieved through a variety of ways including new sidewalks and bikeways, traffic calming initiatives, educating parents and children on pedestrian safety, and creating programs that encourage students to walk/bike to school such as a "Walking School Bus." In addition, SRTS programs ease automobile traffic and congestion near schools, and reduce fuel consumption and air pollution. For further information the WDOT can be contacted.
Regional Transportation Programs
Long-Range Transportation/Land Use Plan, Fox Cities Urbanized Area, 1997 This plan was completed by the East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission. The report was prepared to meet the requirements of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) for long-range transportation and land use in metropolitan areas. Only the extreme northern portions of Calumet County were included in the study area of this report.
The ISTEA program is now SAFETEA-LU, a federal program. On August 10, 2005, President George W. Bush signed the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient, Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). SAFETEA-LU authorizes the Federal surface transportation programs for highways, highway safety, and transit for the five-year period 2005-2009.
County Transportation Programs
Calumet County Highway Department The primary goal of the Calumet County Highway Department is to provide for a safe and efficient system of highways throughout the county. Twenty-two staff members at the department are committed to providing dependable, reliable, cost effective, and quality services for the taxpayers on 458 lane miles of roadway.
Services are administered and funded by the Highway Department on the county highways and through contract with the WDOT on the state trunk highways. Wisconsin is one of only a handful of states that partners with counties on road maintenance of the state and federal highways that pass through the respective county. The department's primary work consists of the following: asphalt paving, milling, pulverizing, crack sealing, seal coating, shoulder replacement/rehabilitation, mowing/brushing, ditch/drainage maintenance, and winter maintenance.
The department utilizes a computerized pavement management system known as PASER as well as visual inspections by staff to keep an updated condition report on every mile of county trunk highway overseen. The PASER software tool helps the department determine which mile of highway gets what type of maintenance, and, is a vital tool the department uses in budgeting and prioritizing projects that are included in the department’s five year capitol improvement program.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-30 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The department is also very proud of the long standing relationships it has with surrounding counties. The department shares services and equipment with other counties which allows for a substantial savings and benefits to all involved. Examples of this shared effort are center striping for Manitowoc County and its townships; paving, seal coating, milling, trucking, and construction for Manitowoc, Outagamie, Sheboygan, Fond du Lac and Winnebago Counties.
Local Transportation Programs
Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating (PASER) PASER is a simple method of rating asphalt and concrete roads on a scale of 1 to 10 and gravel roads on a scale of 1 to 5, based on visual inspection. PASER manuals and a video explain how and why roads deteriorate, and describe proper repair and replacement techniques. PASER ratings can be put into an easy to use pavement management software.
A program/tool Calumet County and the towns in Calumet County use to determine budget priorities for road construction and repair is the "Wisconsin Information Systems for Local Roads" (WISLR). The WISLR Program is an internet-accessible system that helps local governments and WDOT manage local road data to improve decision making and to meet state statute requirements. With Geographic Information System technology, WISLR combines local road data with interactive mapping functionality. More specifically, WISLR is a clearing house for local road information, such as surface type, surface year, width, curb, condition, and other specifications. WISLR generates the data local units of government need to make budget decisions regarding repair and maintenance. The towns are required to submit the ratings identified in the WISLR Program to the WDOT every two years.
Roundabouts Modern roundabouts are the newest form of intersection in the U.S. Several are in operation in Wisconsin, including a new roundabout in the Town of Harrison, with a second one planned. Roundabouts provide safe and efficient traffic flow and make use of extensive safety and traffic research conducted over the past 25 years in other countries. Today's roundabouts are much smaller than the "traffic circles" of earlier years. Roundabouts move traffic safely through an intersection because of slower speeds, fewer conflict points, and easier decision-making. Studies by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety show that roundabouts provide a 90% reduction in fatal crashes, 76% reduction in injury crashes, 30-40% reduction in pedestrian crashes, and 10% reduction in bicycle crashes.
3.9 Transportation Trends and Outlook
Future transportation issues and opportunities can be anticipated by extending current and historic patterns forward and by assessing the interaction between land use and transportation. Transportation trends are important to consider when drafting local plans and policies. Transportation and future land use are directly related, and transportation trends have a tremendous impact on how local governments budget their resources. This also holds true for county and state governments. The information presented in this report, as well as information gathered from local Calumet County officials and residents, supports the following transportation trends:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-31 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Roads and Highways
Work trip travel times will continue to increase, along with trip length.
An increasing volume of highway traffic will continue into the future. Related traffic control and safety issues are likely to follow.
Lower density development in rural areas will lead to increased costs of maintaining and developing transportation facilities.
The demand for paratransit services will increase as the general population ages in the urbanizing areas of Calumet County.
The availability of funding for county and local transportation projects will be a primary factor in scheduling capital improvements.
Highway congestion will increase as trips become longer and vehicle ownership increases.
The use of STH 32/57 (north - south) and US 10 (east - west) for local traffic and as major statewide connectors will continue to lead to higher traffic volumes.
STH 55, south of Sherwood, and the potential for use as an alternate corridor to the USH 41 corridor.
The growth of commercial development along highway corridors may lead to increased traffic congestion at interchanges and at-grade intersections.
Crash prone intersections will need improvement.
Routes between cities and villages are likely to continue to grow in traffic volume.
Concerns raised by local residents are likely to center on controlling traffic speeds and intersection safety.
Major highway intersections will continue to be target locations for new commercial and industrial development.
Trails/Recreation
Demand will increase for regional trail and pedestrian facilities similar to the Solomon Trail due to increases in development and outdoor recreation demands.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-32 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012
Solomon Trail New trail and park development will be coordinated with new development or roadway reconstruction projects.
User demands for park and recreation facilities will increase.
Demands for use of public land and recreation facilities will outpace supply.
Airport and Railroad
Demand for corporate aviation services will increase in concert with growth in regional economic development.
The New Holstein Airport and its ability to provide aviation services to meet growing demand will be critical for Calumet County’s future economic development strategy.
The availability of rail in Calumet County will continue to be used as an economic development tool.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 3-33 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 4. Utilities and Community Facilities
People engage in their community services and facilities everyday: any time a child is taken to school, a dish is washed, or a bag of trash is put out for collection. All communities address these needs, however, there are a variety of venues that can be used. In some communities a public water system is provided while other communities’ residents utilize private wells and some communities use a combination of both. Not only is there variety in the methods used to meet different community needs, not all facilities exist within all jurisdictions.
Addressing community service needs is becoming even more challenging for local governments. In this age of budget deficits and shrinking revenues, municipal governments are constantly looking for ways to provide needed and expected services with fewer resources. In order to facilitate wise decisions and policies, it is valuable to estimate the future utility and community facility needs of the community.
Not only do service provisions need to meet resident demands, the type and cost of community facilities and services affect property values and taxes and contribute to many aspects of the quality of life within a community. Quality of life is further attributed to local features such as parks, schools, utilities, and protective services. These services require substantial investment supported by local tax bases or user fees. The level of service is generally influenced by the users ability or interest in paying for the service. This often results in a trade-off between lifestyle and services. Take for instance a person who chooses to live in the town on a 35-acre parcel. This development will most likely utilize a private sewage disposal system and a private well. The resident might choose the rural lifestyle over the convenience of a public water and sewer system. Conversely, the urban resident might live with more traffic and less open space in order to be closer to work, schools, libraries, and hospitals. In rural areas the level of service provided is generally low but as rural areas develop the demand for services increases.
This element includes an inventory of existing facilities and services and provides insight into their condition and level of Calumet County Courthouse service. It is important to note that information regarding utilities, facilities, and services identified within this element may not be all-inclusive.
The following sections discuss the utilities and facilities of Calumet County in more detail.
4.1 County Administrative Facilities and Services
County Public Buildings
The following public buildings are owned and operated by Calumet County and are the primary sites where county government services are conducted.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County Courthouse (located at 206 Court Street, City of Chilton) This facility houses most of the county’s departments including the County Administrator, Child Support Agency, County Clerk, Emergency Management, Health and Human Services Department, Department of Human Services, Senior Resource Center, Land and Water Conservation Department, Treasurer’s Office, Register of Deeds, Planning Department, Circuit Court, Sheriff’s Department, Corporation Counsel, and the Calumet County Jail.
Calumet Homestead Rehabilitation Center (located at 1712 Monroe Street, City of New Holstein) This facility is licensed by the State of Wisconsin as a 101-bed skilled nursing facility and provides nursing care at the intensive skilled, skilled, and intermediate levels. The interior of the facility offers multiple spacious lounges. Homestead's main lobby houses a bird aviary and there are also flower gardens, fish aquariums, walkways, porches, and other amenities to provide a comforting environment. The facility also includes an in- house chapel and a dining room. A 12-bed secure unit is dedicated to the care of residents with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Also located on site is a garage.
Calumet County Parks Department A variety of facilities are owned and maintained by Calumet County at park facilities. Facilities are owned and maintained at the Calumet County Park, Becker Lake County Park, Ledge vView Nature Center, Stockbridge Harbor, and Brothertown Harbor. Facilities generally include shelters, restrooms, storage sheds, maintenance facilities, and concession areas. Available facilities vary by location.
Chilton Highway Shop (located at 241 E. Chestnut Street, Chilton) This shop is the primary facility for the Calumet County Highway Department. The shop includes an office. Adjacent to this facility, located on Park Street, is a storage shed and a salt shed.
Additional Highway Shops (Sherwood, Forest Junction) In addition to the Chilton Highway shop, the Highway Department also has a Sherwood shop (located at Highway 55 and 114, Harrison) and a Forest Junction shop (located on Highway 10, Brillion). BothThis sites includes a steel frame shop as well as salt storage sheds. There areis no offices located at thesethis shops.
Calumet County also owns the following homes and landproperties near the courthouse to allow for future expansion if needed. Garage (128 Court Street) House and garage (228 Court Street) House Land (230 Court Street) House and shedLand (306 Court Street)
The Department of Health and Human Services also has a branch office in Appleton, however, the space is leased and not owned by Calumet County.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The Calumet County Aging and Disability ResourceSenior Center leases sites, or portions of facilities, throughout the county for use as senior meal sites or for meals on wheels programs. Leased sites are found at the following locations: Village hall/fire station, Hilbert Village/Town hall, Stockbridge Senior Citizens Center, New Holstein Community Center, Brillion Community Center, Sherwood Senior Citizens Center, Chilton
County Committees, Commission, and Boards
The following committees, commissions, and boards serve Calumet County. This list also includes committees, commissions, and boards of which Calumet County is represented for regional or specific issues.
Aging & Disability Resource Center/Long Joint Planning Committee Regarding Term Support Advisory Committee Intergovernmental Agreement Aging & Disability Resource Center Land Information Council Serving Calumet, Outagamie and Waupaca Land & Water Conservation Committee Counties Advisory Committee Legislative Services Committee Agricultural & Extension Education Local Emergency Planning Committee Committee (LEPC) Bay Area Agency on Ageing Board of Long Term Support Advisory Committee Directors Loss Control Committee Bay Area Agency on Aging Advisory Manitowoc-Calumet Counties Library Committee Systems Board Board of Health New Holstein Library Board Brillion Library Board Northeast Wisconsin Regional Economic Calumet County Traffic Safety Partnership (NEWREP) Commission Landfill Standing Committee Calumet Homestead Rehabilitation Center Planning, Zoning and Farmland Board Preservation Committee Child Care Resource & Referral, Inc. Protection of Persons and Property Chilton Library Board Committee Civil Rights Compliance Committee Public Grounds and Property Committee Committee on Appointments Regional Ad-Hoc Committee Committee on the Rules of Order of the Revolving Loan Fund Committee Calumet County Board of Supervisors Salary and Personnel Committee Committee to Inspect the Jail and Jail Senior Resource Center Advisory Board Register Smart Growth Advisory Committee County Children with Disabilities Transportation Coordination Study Education Board Committee County Parks Commission USDA Local Work Group Criminal Justice Stakeholders Committee Veolia Hickory Meadows Landfill Ethics Inquiry Committee Standing Committee Finance and Audit/Information Services Veterans Service Commission Committee WI East Central Regional Planning FoxComm Fiscal Advisory Board Commission (WECRPC)
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 FoxComm User Technical Committee Wisconsin Works/W-2 Steering Committee Glacierland Resource & Conservation Zoning Board of Adjustments Committee Development Council Health and Human Services Board Heart of the Valley Metropolitan Sewerage District (HVMSD) Highway Committee Human Services Board Information Services Committee International Trade, Business & Economic Development Council (ITBEC)
4.2 Local Administrative Facilities, Services, and Buildings
Town of Brillion
The Brillion Town Hall is located at N8992 Randolph Street. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, a treasurer, and contracts for assessment and building inspection services services from a private providers.
The Town of Brillion has a relatively new municipal building located east of Forest Junction along USH 10. This building is home to a large community meeting space, town offices, town garage and the fire department. The town also owns a garage for maintenance equipment storage. This garage is located in Forest Junction. The town has no plans to expand eitherthe facility. It is anticipated that thesethis facilityfacilities will continue to meet town needs in the future.
The town has a town board, plan commission and a sanitary board. Town employees consist of one full time and one halfpart time road maintenance personnel. First responders and fire fighters all serve the town on a voluntary basis.
Town of Brothertown
The Brothertown Town Hall and town garage are located at W3880 St. Charles Road. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, a treasurer, and an assessor. The town has a town board, plan commission, planning and zoning committee, smart growth committee, and a zoning board of appeals.
There is one full time employee, the town road supervisor. There are approximately fouris a part time electrical employees and part time snow plow drivers. The town contracts for the part time services of an attorney and building inspector. The smart growth committee is comprised of volunteers.
Town of Charlestown
The Charlestown Town Hall is located at N3685 Highway T. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, a treasurer, and contracts for assessment and building inspection services from a private providers.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The town has a town board and a plan commission. Town staff includes a full time road maintenance supervisor, a part time employee for snow removal and miscellaneous road work, and another part time individual responsible solely for snow removal.
The town hall is used not only for public meetings, but it also serves as the town polling place. The Charlestown municipal garage is located adjacent to the town hall. The town has a salt shed by the municipal garage.
Town of Chilton
The Chilton Town Hall is located at N4695 County Highway BB. The hall includes a town office and meeting place. The town garage is immediately north of the town hall. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, treasurer, and contracts for assessment and building inspection services from a private providers. The town has a town board and a plan commission.
Town of Harrison
The Harrison Town Hall is located at W5298 State Highway 114. After nearly two years of planning and construction the new town hall and shop facility was completed in 2006. Elected officials include a town chairman and four supervisors. The town has an administrator, clerk, treasurer, administrative coordinator, administrative assistant, planner, road department superintendent, building inspector, and contracts for assessment services from a private provider. The town also utilizes a plan commission, park committee, and a citizen’s advisory committeezoning board of appeals. Other commissions include Darboy Joint Sanitary District Commission and the Waverly Sanitary District Commission. For more information on the town visit their web site.
Town of New Holstein
The New Holstein Town Hall is located at 1465 Tecumseh Road. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town’s clerk and treasurer are also elected. There is one full time employee who is responsible for road maintenance. One part time individual is hired to help with snow removal and seven people are hired on a part time basis for elections. Lastly, the town contracts services for assessments, building inspections, dog census, tire collection, and garbage and recycling pick up.
The town has a town board, plan commission, a board of review, and is a member of the East Shore Recycling Consortium.
Town of Rantoul
The Town of Rantoul shares a meeting place with the Village of Potter. What is known as the town hall is actually called the Village of Potter Village Hall. This building is located at 307 Central Street in Potter. The town garage is also located in the Village of Potter and is located at 320 Central Street.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, a treasurer, and contracts for assessor and building inspection services from private providerscontracted assessor. The town has a town board and a plan commission. There is one full time employee, the town road maintenance supervisor. There are part time road maintenance personnel, part time election inspectors, and a part time cemetery caretaker.
Town of Stockbridge
The Stockbridge Town Hall is located in the Village of Stockbridge at 175 S. Military Rd. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, a treasurer, and contracts for assessment services from a private provider and another contractor for building inspections. The town works with the other towns in the county to contract for special services, like hauling gravel.
The town has a town board and a planning commission. There is only one full time employee, which is for road maintenance. There are also two part time employees, one to help with road maintenance, the other for road maintenance and cemetery maintenance. Two additional citizens are hired on an “as needed” basis for snow removal.
The town hall is adjacent to the town fire station, and both are shared with the Village of Stockbridge (both in the Village of Stockbridge). The town garage is located along Hwy 55, south of the village, and is used to house road maintenance equipment and supplies. In 2010, the town purchased land in the southeast corner of the State Highway 55 and Campbell Drive for the development of a new town garage. In June 2011, the town board took action to not pursue the remodeling of the existing town garage or development of a new town garage.
Town of Woodville
The Woodville Town Hall is located at W3350 County B. Elected officials include a town chairman and two supervisors. The town has a clerk, a treasurer, contracted building inspector and an assessor. The town has a town board and a plan commission.
The town hall is used for public meetings and is the polling place. The town shed is located next to the town hall and is used to store town equipment and items for the Hilbert middle school.
There is only one full time employee who is responsible for road maintenance. Part time employees plow snow, and there is one part time employee who manages solid waste and recycling.
Village of Hilbert
The Hilbert Village Hall is located at 26 North 6th Street in Hilbert. Elected officials include a village president and six trustees. The village has a clerk-treasurer, deputy clerk-treasurer, and director of public works. The village contracts for assessment services and building inspection from private providers.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Currently, the village hall houses the clerk’s office, boardroom, Department of Public Works, nutrition site, Well #1 pump house, and the municipal garage. The village also has a community center located at Fifth and Cedar Street. The center was built in 1992 and houses the fire department and contains one large meeting room and one small meeting room. The meeting rooms are available for anyone to use.
Village of Potter
The Potter Village Hall is located at 307 Central Street in Potter. Elected officials include a village president and two trustees. The village has a clerk, treasurer, and an assessor and contracts for building inspection services. Village owned buildings include the village hall, which is also used by the Town of Rantoul for public meetings, and the sewage treatment plant.
Village of Sherwood
Public buildings and facilities operated by the village include the village hall, community center, wastewater treatment plant, four lift stations, and maintains onetwo municipal wells as an emergency back-up water source. Village elected officials include a president and six trustees and constable. The village has a permanent full staff of fivesix, and one summer employee. Assessment services are contracted from a private provider. Wastewater and Water Utility operations are contracted from a private provider. For information about the village visit their web site.
Village of Stockbridge
The Stockbridge Village Hall and office is located at 116 South Military in Stockbridge. An office for the village/clerk treasurer is located here as well as a small meeting room. The remaining portion of the building is leased to a commercial business. The village also has garage space at the water plant on Lake Street.
Elected officials include a village president and six trustees. The village has a part-time clerk- treasurer and contracts for assessment and building inspection services from a private providers. The village has water and a sewer utility. A five-member board governs the water utility and a five-member commission governs the sewer utility. The utilities share a part-time administrative position.
City of Appleton
Appleton City Hall is located at 100 North Appleton Street in Appleton. A mayor and 16 part- time alderpersons make up Appleton's Common Council. This city operates under 17 departments as follows:
Assessor's Office Library Attorney's Office Mayor's Office City Clerk Park and Recreation Economic Development Planning Finance Police
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Fire Public Works Health Utilities Human Resources Valley Transit Information Services
The Appleton Common Council has six standing committees including community development, finance, safety and licensing, municipal services, parks and recreation, and utilities. The city also has a number of additional committees, commissions, and boards. The city also has an extensive array of public buildings, utilities, facilities, parks, etc. For more information on the City of Appleton refer to the city website.
City of Brillion
Brillion City Hall is located at 130 Calumet Street in Brillion. Elected officials include a mayor and nine alderpersons. The city has an administrator, clerk-treasurer, community development director, attorney, building inspector, and contracts for assessment services from a private provider.
The city owns and operates the Brillion Community Center (BCC). The center was dedicated in 1970 and was built as a recreational facility and meeting center to be used by residents and organizations in the community. The BCC contains two swimming pools used both for recreational swimming and swim team meets, a standard sized gymnasium, racquetball court, TV lounge room with pool tables, kitchen facilities, and meeting rooms. Meeting facilities include two conference rooms, assembly room, kitchen, and activity room. For more information about the city visit their web site.
City of Chilton
Chilton City Hall is located at 42 School Street in Chilton. Elected officials include a mayor and eight alderpersons. The city has an administrator coordinator, a clerk-treasurer, clerk, building/plumbing inspector, an attorney, director of public works, public works administrative assistant, librarian, recreation director, community development director, block grant administrator, a city clerk-treasurer-administrative coordinator, deputy clerk-treasurer, public works director, public works administrative assistant, building/plumbing inspector, development director, block grant administrator, recreation director, library director, fire chief, police chief, police department administrative assistant, emergency management director and contracts attorney and for assessment services from a private provider.
Committees, commissions, boards, and other entities serving the city include:
General Government Committee Public Safety Committee Public Works Committee Culture/Recreation Committee Sanitation and Development Committee Planning Commission Chilton Housing Authority
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Library Board Board of Appeals Redevelopment Authority Tree Board Cable Communications Advisory Council Intergovernmental Boundary Committee – Meets with Town of Chilton and Town of Charlestown on a quarterly basis. Board of Review Chilton Lake District
In 1996, the City of Chilton dedicated its new Community Center/City Hall. This centrally located facility is fully handicapped accessible and used daily by organizations including the senior meal siteCalumet County Aging and Disability Resource Center nutrition program, the Chilton Senior Citizens, the Chilton City Band, and youth groups. For more information about the city visit their web site.
City of Kiel
Kiel City Hall is located at 621 6th Street in Kiel and provides space for the city’s administrative facilities. Elected officials include a mayor and six aldermen. The city has an administrator/clerk, treasurer, building inspector, attorney, and contracts for assessment services from a private provider.
The Kiel Community Center is located one block south of Third and Fremont Streets. The center hosts community meetings and the senior nutrition program. The facility can be reserved for group functions.
The city hall was constructed in 1928 and houses the city administrator’s office, treasurer’s office, city assessor, utilities, police department, fire department office, public works department, council chambers, and the city’s two rescue squads. The city street department, located on Washington Street, provides the community with street maintenance and repairs. The city shop is used primarily for equipment storage and maintenance. For more information about the city visit their web site.
City of Menasha
Menasha City Hall is located at 140 Main Street in Menasha. Elected officials include a mayor and eight aldermen. The Common Council meets the first and third Monday of each month at 7:00 p.m.
City officials include the following:
Mayor Menasha Utilities, GM Council President Park and Recreation Director Assessor Park Superintendent Attorney/Personnel Director Physician Clerk Police Chief Community Development Director Public Health Director
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Comptroller Public Works Director Emergency Directory Public Works Superintendent Engineer Senior Center Director Fire Chief Treasurer Health Sanitarian Wastewater Maintenance Supervisor Weights and Measures Wastewater Plant Manager Library Director
Committees, commissions, boards, and other entities serving the city include:
Administration Committee Board of Health Board of Public Works Parks and Recreation Board Personnel Committee Board of Appeals Menasha Utilities Commission Board of Review Plan Commission Medical Advisory Board Menasha – Neenah Sewerage Committee on Aging Commission Police and Fire Commission Housing Authority Landmarks Commission Board of Education Library Board
The City of Menasha owns, operates and maintains a number of facilities and buildings, including city hall, two fire stations, library, police department, senior center, swimming pool, public safety building, and a number of other park and recreation and public utility facilities. Recent facility projects included a library expansion and renovation of city hall and the police station. For more information about the city visit their web site.
City of New Holstein
New Holstein City Hall is located at 2110 Washington Street in New Holstein. Elected officials include a mayor, and eight aldermen. The city has a clerk-treasurer, deputy clerk-treasurer, attorney, assessor, emergency management director, building/plumbing inspector, library director, public works director, manager of utilities, and a recreation director. For more information about the city visit their web site.
4.3 Protective Services
Police Services
Calumet County Sheriff’s Department The Calumet County Sheriff’s Department Police Services provides police services to all towns in Calumet County as well the Villages of Stockbridge, The following police departments serve Sherwood, Potter, and Hilbert. Calumet County:
The Patrol Deputies of the Calumet County Calumet County Sheriff’s Sheriff’s Department are primarily responsible Department for patrol of Calumet County and responding to Appleton Police Department Brillion Police Department Chilton Police Department Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-10 Kiel PoliceCalumet Department County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Menasha Police Department New Holstein Police Department calls for service. Since the department is a relatively small county Sheriff’s Department, the deputies are required to specialize in many fields of law enforcement so that quality professional services are provided to the citizens of Calumet County.
Several of the specialization’s deputies may pursue as an employee of the patrol division are: school resource officer, field training officer, emergency response team, evidence technician, crash investigation, water safety patrol, and snowmobile patrol.
The Sheriff’s Department currently has one school resource officer position. The deputy assigned to this position is currently working in several of the schools in the county, which are not served by a full time municipal law enforcement agency. This deputy works in the schools throughout the school year and returns to a patrol position during the summer months.
The Sheriff’s Department currently uses an extensive field-training program. The program lasts approximately 3-4 months and each new Patrol Deputy must go through the program. There are currently three Field Training Officer’s (FTO’s) for the sheriff’s department and one supervisor who coordinates the program.
The Calumet County Sheriffs Department currently has three members assigned to the Outagamie County multi-jurisdictional response team. The team is working toward a joint effort based out the Outagamie County Sheriff’s Department. Outagamie County borders Calumet to the north. The team is comprised of officers from within Outagamie County, including several cities within that county. This cooperative effort helps reduce costs for all agencies involved.
The Calumet County Sheriff’s Department utilizes specialized evidence technicians. These deputies are specially trained in the processing, collecting, packaging and storing of evidence. Whenever evidence needs to be processed one of these specially trained deputies are utilized so that evidence is properly preserved for trial.
The Sheriff's Department often has to respond to serious motor vehicle crashes. Deputies with specialized training are often called upon to investigate and sometimes reconstruct the crash. The department currently has several deputies that are trained in technical accident investigation and two that are reconstructionists.
The department also has a Water (Boat) Patrol program. Calumet County rests on the eastern shore of Lake Winnebago, which is one of the largest inland fresh water lakes in the country. The purchase of equipment for this water patrol program was funded exclusively with donations from the private sector. The boat patrol provides law enforcement presence on the eastern half of the lake. The department patrols looking for boaters in distress, looking for safety and law violations and also provides boating inspections and watercraft operators safety courses.
The Sheriff’s Department currently has two 1998 Polaris Indy snowmobiles which are equipped to allow snowmobile patrol on groomed snowmobile trails within Calumet County. Snowmobile patrol deputies teach Department of Natural Resources snowmobile safety certificate classes each year.
Calumet County Jail
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The Calumet County Jail is part of the court house complex located within the City of Chilton. The jail budget is overseen by the Protection of Persons and Property Committee of the Calumet County Board.
The present building was completed in 1979. A renovation of the court house in 1997 included an expanded Huber Law/Work Release Dorm and revised visiting facilities. The Wisconsin Department of Corrections has approved the jail for the detention of adult offenders with a maximum capacity of 54 inmates.
The jail staff consists of a jail administrator, one sergeant, eleven full-time corrections officers, and seven part-time corrections officers. The Wisconsin Law Enforcement Standards Board certifies all jail staff as jail officers. Jail officers receive a minimum of twenty-four hours of annual in-service training to maintain state certification.
Appleton Police Department The Appleton Police Department has a central office building in downtown Appleton, the facility was constructed in 1976. The Appleton Police Department adheres to District Team Policing, which calls for the assignment of officers to three geographical areas in the city. Each district is supervised by a management team consisting of a captain and four lieutenants. The number of patrol officers assigned is proportional to the measured workload.
The Appleton Police Department's Police School Liaison (PSL) program is one of the longest running and well established PSL programs in the State of Wisconsin. There are currently 12 police officers working in City of Appleton schools. In addition to the 12 PSLs, there is a lieutenant who serves as a coordinator to the program and who also works on a variety of community initiatives to provide better services to juveniles and their families.
The Public Information Officer (PIO) is the coordinator for the Citizen's Law Enforcement Academy where, throughout the 13 weeks, citizens are acquainted with all aspects of the department as well as the rest of the criminal justice system. There is a Young Citizens' Academy held each summer, which is geared toward middle school students.
The focus of the Resource Development Unit is to provide support services in the area of hiring, training, professional standards, and general human resources. RDU is staffed with two officers, one confidential secretary, and a part-time accreditation manager.
The Investigative Services Unit (ISU) is primarily responsible for the investigation of major felony crimes such as homicide, sexual assault, burglary, robbery, forgery, and fraud. The investigators assigned to these crimes have developed an advanced level of expertise by attending specialized training and through years of experience working on complex cases with colleagues at the state and local level.
Other major units and positions within the department include a community resource unit, crime analysis, drug enforcement, identification/evidence, accident investigation, bike patrol, negotiator, special tactics and response team, and field training officer.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Brillion Police Department The Brillion Police Department operates from the city hall located at 130 Calumet Street in Brillion. The department is in continuous operation, with officers on duty 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and 365 days a year. The department is made up of seven full-time police officers, three part-time personal, and one part-time civilian. In addition to general police activities and response to calls for services, the department actively participates in community-policing activities, DARE, instruction at the elementary and middle school levels, Crime Stoppers; and the Calumet County Drug Enforcement Unit.
The Brillion Police Department has mutual aid agreements with Calumet County, Brown County and Manitowoc County. The department currently has three squad cars.
Chilton Police Department The Chilton Police Department staff includes a police chief, five full-time officers, and eight part-time officers for special events. There is also one officer which serves as a school liaison. An officer is on duty serving the city 24 hours a day. The Department is located in the city hall. There are mutual aid agreements in place with neighboring communities.is located in the Chilton City Hall. The department consists of six full-time officers and seven part-time officers. The department has one part-time administrative assistant. The six full-time officers consist of the chief, lieutenant and four patrol officers. Police coverage is 24 hours per day. One officer is also designated to assist in drug investigations as a member of the Calumet County Drug Prevention Task Force. The department has two fully equipped squads.
Kiel Police Department The Kiel Police Department is housed in the city hall on Sixth Street. The city’s police force consists of 12 employees, seven officers, and five dispatchers. Equipment used by the department includes two fully equipped squad cars and a variety of other equipment common to most departments of similar size. The city has no jail facilities of its own, and must depend upon the use of the Calumet and Manitowoc County jail facilities. Other services offered by the police department include Kid Care, babysitting program, crossing guards, etc.
Menasha Police Department The City of Menasha Police Department, located on First Street in Menasha, provides full 24 hour a day public protection service to the community. The department serves approximately 16,200 residents, patrolling 6.33 square miles and 61.57 miles of streets. The department is staffed by a chief of police, lieutenant of investigation services, three investigative services officers, two police school liaison officers, one crime reduction officer, records clerk, traffic clerk, and five police support staff.
The department utilizes five marked patrol vehicles, one evidence vehicle, one community service van and three unmarked squads. All squads are equipped with Mobile Data Terminals and each officer is assigned a personal portable radio. Department equipment is updated on a regular basis and is generally in excellent condition.
The City of Menasha Police Department maintains a Crisis Rescue Team (CRT) to serve exceptional warrants and to respond to critical incidents involving barricaded individuals,
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 hostages and /or armed subjects. The CRT consists of 10 officers who have received specialized training to deal with these types of situations as a team.
New Holstein Police Department Department staff includes a police chief, lieutenant, and five officers, of which one is a school liaison officer. The New Holstein Police Department has an emergency dispatch center. The center is staffed by one full-time and one part time police administrative assistant 12 hours a day from 7am. – 7 pm. After 7 pm., radio and telephone dispatching is transferred to the Calumet County E-911 Dispatch Center.
Tri-Communities Crime Reduction Coalition (TRICOM) TRICOM is a tax exempt non-profit corporation. TRICOM was formed in January of 1994. TRICOM's Board of Directors is made up of community volunteers who work or live in the Northern half of Winnebago County. TRICOM meets on the 3rd Friday of each month at 7:30 A.M. to 9:00 A.M. The meetings are open to the public and are held at the Neenah Police Department Community Room, 2111 Marathon Avenue, Neenah, WI 54956. For more information on becoming a TRICOM member, a local police crime prevention officer can be contacted. The following police agencies participate in TRICOM: Menasha Police Department, Winnebago County Sheriff's Office, Neenah Police Department, and Town of Menasha Police Department.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Fire Protection Services
Appleton Fire Department The Appleton Fire Department has a staff of 101 men and women; 97 sworn and four Fire Protection Services civilian employees, 87 of whom through the rank of captain, are represented by the The following fire departments serve International Association of Fire Fighters. The Calumet County: department provides service from six fire stations located strategically throughout the city Appleton Fire Department and has mutual assistance agreements with Neenah-Menasha Fire and Rescue most of the surrounding municipalities. Department Harrison #1 Fire Department In addition to fire suppression, the department Harrison #2 Fire Department provides a full range of fire prevention, safety Hollandtown Fire Department education, emergency medical response, and Forest Junction Fire Department rescue services. It conducts both commercial Brillion Fire Department and residential inspections and is responsible Potter Fire Department for issuing permits (open burning, petroleum Hilbert Fire Department storage tanks, large tents, new business Chilton Fire Department occupancy, etc). The department also makes New Holstein Fire Department presentations for elementary, middle, and high St. Anna Fire Department school students and offers general safety Kiel Fire Department educational programs and fire extinguisher Town of Calumet Volunteer Fire classes. Department Stockbridge Fire Department In 2000, the City of Appleton Fire Department Town of Brillion Fire Department combined with the fire departments from the Cities of Oshkosh, Marinette and personnel from Brown County to form the Northeast Wisconsin Regional Level A Hazardous Materials Response Team. This team is geographically the largest in the state and is one of eight state teams designated to assist counties and local fire departments dealing with chemical emergencies. The City of Appleton Fire Department is the level B hazardous material response team for Outagamie and Calumet Counties. Along with the Hazardous Materials Team, a number of members are technically trained in confined space rescue, rope rescue, water rescue, and structural collapse mitigation and rescue.
Neenah-Menasha Fire and Rescue Department Neenah - Menasha Fire Rescue was created on January 1, 2003 by the consolidation of the City of Neenah Fire Department and the City of Menasha Fire Department. Neenah - Menasha Fire Rescue currently has 68 career employees who are committed to preserving the lives and property within the Cities of Neenah and Menasha.
The communities are served from four fire stations located in strategic areas to provide for efficient response to virtually any type of emergency situation, including fire suppression, auto extrication and ice/water rescue. Additionally, Neenah - Menasha Fire Rescue has mutual aid agreements with the Cities of Appleton and Oshkosh.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Harrison #1 Fire DepartmentHarrison Fire Rescue January 1, 2009, witnessed a consolidation of two fire stations and the first responder group within the Town of Harrison. The town hired a single Fire Chief to oversee both fire stations and the first responders. Harrison Fire Rescue provides emergency services to the Town of Harrison, Village of Sherwood, and part of the Town of Woodville.The Harrison #1 Fire Department serves the southern portion of the Town of Harrison, the Village of Sherwood, and the southern half of the Town of Woodville. The fire department facility Station 1 is located at W469 Clifton Road in the Village of Sherwood. This station is staffed with 30 paid on call volunteer firefighters and is equipped with one engine, one heavy rescue, one brush truck, one tanker, and an ATV for wild land fires.The facility and equipment is owned by the Town of Harrison. If needed, the department will also respond to any major fire located in the Darboy area within the town boundaries of the Town of Buchanan. The department also assists the county with snowmobile rescue. The department is equipped with one pumper truck, a tanker truck, and an equipment van.
Harrison #2 Fire Department The Harrison #2 Fire Department provides service to the northern portion of the Town of Harrison, including the Darboy area. Station 2This fire department facility is located at the northeast corner of Highway 10/114 and Lake Park Road (CTH LP). This station is staffed with 30 paid on call volunteer firefighters and is equipped with one engine, one equipment van, one brush truck two tankers, and one snowmobile.Major equipment includes three pumper trucks, two tanker trucks, and one equipment van. In 1997, a new pumper truck was placed into service to upgrade the fire fighting equipment at the facility. There are approximately 30 volunteer fire fighters that serve on the department. Each Harrison department has its own chief and command officers.
Hollandtown Fire Department The Hollandtown Fire Department provides service to the northern portion of the Town of Woodville. Most recently purchased equipment by the department includes a water truck in 1999, a new addition to the firehouse in 1999, and a thermal imaging camera in 2000. The department is served by approximately 16 members.
Forest Junction Fire Department The Forest Junction Fire Department serves the western half of the Town of Brillion including the unincorporated Forest Junction area. The department has 22 volunteer fire fighters. Equipment includes one pumper, two tankers, and various other equipment.
Brillion Fire Department The Brillion Fire Department is an independent volunteer-based department. It provides contract service to the Town of Maple Grove and areas east of Bastian Road in the Town of Brillion. The Brillion Fire Department also participates in the Calumet County Mutual Aid Agreement and has mutual aid agreements with the Village of Reedsville, Hollandtown, Collins, and Wayside.
The Brillion Fire Department was founded on January 16, 1882 to protect the settlement of Spring Creek from fire (later the settlement was named "Brillion."). The charter members gathered enough money to buy a used hand pump from the fire department at Two Rivers,
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Wisconsin. They then reorganized into two different departments - the Hook and Ladder Company, and the Hand Engine Company. Many years later, resulting in more technological advances, the two companies reunited to form a stronger department.
Currently the department has 22 volunteer firefighters, three lieutenants, three captains, and three chief officers. The department has two pumpers, one 1998 Pierce 75 foot heavy duty aerial ladder, two 1994 Newton 200 gallon tankers, one International heavy rescue truck equipped with a command light tower and the jaws of life rescue tools, an ATV, and various other rescue equipment.
Potter Fire Department The Potter Fire Department serves the Village of Potter, Town of Rantoul, and a small northern portion of the Town of Charlestown, primarily in the Killsnake Wildlife Area. The department consists of approximately 25 volunteers. Equipment includes two pumpers, and two tankers, and one equipment van. The department is also looking into getting a Polaris Ranger with tracks and a small tank and pump for grassland fires.
Hilbert Fire Department Located in the Hilbert Community Center, the fire department maintains five fire protection vehicles. These vehicles consist of two pumpers, two tankers, and one equipment van. The department is a volunteer department that provides service to the Village of Hilbert as well as parts of the Towns of Chilton and Woodville. There are 29 volunteer firefighters serving the department.
Chilton Volunteer Fire Department The Chilton Fire Department is a volunteer-based, paid on-call department. The department serves the City of Chilton, Town of Chilton, portions of the Towns of Brothertown and Charlestown. Volunteer staff includes a fire chief, deputy fire chief, assistant fire chief, battalion chief, secretary/treasurer, fire fighters, six EMTs, and two paramedics. In March of 2003 the department received a new Pierce fire truck. The new engine is capable of carrying 2,000 gallons of water, almost twice the amount of the engine it replaced. The department has a total of three pumpers, two tankers, and one aerial unit. The department also has one all terrain grass unit and a command/rescue vehicle. There are 40 total members on the fire and rescue squad. The department also offers emergency medical service.serves the City of Chilton and portions of the Towns of Brothertown, Charlestown and Chilton. The department has 42 volunteer firefighters and two members. The equipment fleet consists of one squad/rescue which carries the “Jaws of Life”, three engines, one engine/tender, one tender, one brush truck and one, 100’ aerial truck. The department is ready to serve 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
New Holstein Fire Department The New Holstein Fire Department serves the City of New Holstein, the majority of the Town of New Holstein, and the southern portion of the Town of Charlestown. The department has 32 volunteer firefighters. Major equipment includes two pumpers, one tanker, one aerial unit, one rescue, and one quick attack pick-up truck.
St. Anna Fire Department
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The St. Anna Fire Department serves the southern half of the Town of New Holstein. The fire station is located in the Town of New Holstein. The department is staffed by 35 volunteer firefighters. Major equipment includes three pumpers, two tankers, and an ATV.
Kiel Fire Department Fire protection for the City of Kiel is provided by the Kiel Fire Department. The current fire station was constructed in 1980 and is located on Fremont Street. Established in 1892, the Kiel Fire Department currently has 35 volunteer members for fire protection. Serving the City of Kiel and portions of the surrounding area, the department also has mutual aid agreements with Manitowoc, Calumet, and Sheboygan counties which have been in effect since 1970. The department has three pumpers, one aerial ladder with pumper, and two tankers. In addition, the department has special equipment such as two all terrain vehicles and a boat. The Kiel facility also houses the Town of Schleswig fire vehicles.
The Kiel Fire Department also operated two ambulances for the city which are located at city hall. There are 20 EMTs and four paramedics serving the department.
Town of Calumet Volunteer Fire Department The Town of Calumet Volunteer Fire Department serves the western one third of the Town of Brothertown and the Town of Calumet in Fond du Lac County. Department staff includes 58 volunteer firefighters, one paramedic, two EMTs, and 14 first responders. Equipment includes three pumpers and two tankers as well as various other equipment.
Stockbridge Fire Department The Stockbridge Fire Department serves the Village of Stockbridge and the Town of Stockbridge. The department was first organized in 1914. In 1950, the village and the town began operating the department jointly. The two municipalities cooperatively built the fire station/community hall in downtown Stockbridge in 1972. In 2003 two more truck bays were added to the fire station.
There are approximately 34 volunteer firemen and approximately 15 first responders. The first responders respond to requests for emergency medical services. The fire department has two pumper trucks, two tanker trucks, and other equipment including portable pumps, generators, breathing apparatuses, cascade systems, power saws, gas meters, a thermal imaging unit, scene lights, and ice rescue equipment. The department has a mutual aid agreement with the surrounding county’s municipalities.
Town of Brillion Fire Department The town is divided into two districts served by the Town of Brillion Fire Department. District 1 includes all areas east of Bastian Road. District 2 includes all other areas of the town and Forest Junction. The town’s fire department provides on-call volunteer based fire service. The town fire department participates in mutual aid agreements with all neighboring towns and the city. These agreements allow the town to call on additional service should the need arise. The fire station is located in the town’s municipal building on USH 10. The town fire department provides 911-based emergency service dispatched by Calumet County.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Emergency Medical Services
Gold Cross Ambulance Service Headquartered in Menasha, Gold Cross Ambulance Service serves the Town of Harrison, Villages of Stockbridge and Sherwood, and the Cities of Appleton and Menasha. Gold Cross has one ambulance based at Theda Clark Hospital located in Neenah. Another ambulance is based at Saint Elizabeth Hospital on South Oneida Street in Appleton.
Brillion Gold Cross Brillion Gold Cross serves the entire Town of Brillion and the City of Brillion and a portion of the Town of Woodville.
Chilton Fire and RescueCalumet Medical Center Ambulance Service Chilton RescueCalumet Medical Center Ambulance Service provides service to the greatest number of communities in Calumet County including the Towns of Rantoul, Chilton, Stockbridge, Brothertown, and portions of New Holstein, Charlestown, and Woodville. Chilton rescue also serves the Villages of Hilbert and Potter and the Cities of Chilton and New Holstein. Twenty four hour paramedic and first responders service is provided.
Kiel Rescue Kiel Rescue serves the City of Kiel and a portion of the Town and City of New Holstein.
Harrison First Responders Harrison First Responders is a volunteer group, which serves the Town of Harrison and the Village of Sherwood. The department was founded and organized in 1995. The department provides emergency medical treatment and care to persons injured in traffic accidents, home or farm accidents, and people with medical problems such as heart attacks.
Hilbert/Potter First Responders The Hilbert/Potter First Responders provide initial medical services to the Village of Hilbert, the Village of Potter, and parts of the Towns of Woodville and Chilton, and all of the Town of Rantoul.
Kiel Fire/Ambulance Service Ambulance services for the City of Kiel are provided by the Kiel Fire/Ambulance Service. The ambulance facilities are located at city hall. Established in 1938, this volunteer service currently consists of 20 volunteers (13 EMT-Intermediate and 7 EMT) and provides emergency services to the City of Kiel, Town of Schleswig, and other portions of Sheboygan, Calumet, and Manitowoc Counties. Presently, the Kiel Ambulance Service has two ambulances and other specialized equipment.
Town of Brillion First Responders The Town of Brillion First Responders also provides emergency services to the Town of Brillion. There is a fire station in the town. There have been no discussions to change the existing level of services provided.
Fond du Lac RescueTown of Calumet Volunteer Fire Department First Responders
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Fond du Lac County RescueTown of Calumet Volunteer Fire Department First Responders provides emergency services to the Town of Brothertown.
New Holstein EMT The New Holstein Emergency Medical Technicians serve the City of New Holstein, Town of New Holstein, and the southern portion of the Town of Charlestown.
Town of Charlestown Emergency medical services in the town are provided by Chilton Rescue, and, some portions of the town are also serviced by the New Holstein First Responders. Fire protection is provided by the Potter Volunteer Fire Department, the Chilton Volunteer Fire Department, and the New Holstein Volunteer Fire Department. There have been discussions about creating a first responders organization to serve the town as a whole.
Town of Chilton As of the writing of this plan, the town was discussing whether to have their own first responders.
Town of Woodville The town has been discussing establishing a first responders group with the Towns of Harrison and Buchanan and the Villages of Potter and Hilbert.
Stockbridge Rescue The Village of Stockbridge has a first responders unit and ice and water rescue.
4.4 School Facilities
The following school districts serve Calumet County.
Brillion School District
Schools within the district include Brillion Elementary School, Brillion Middle School, and Brillion High School. The district serves the City of Brillion, majority of the Town of Brillion, and portions of the Towns of Rantoul and Woodville.
There are two private schools in the Brillion district, Trinity Evangelical Lutheran School in the City of Brillion and Holy Family in the City of Brillion.
Chilton School District
Schools within the district include Chilton Elementary School, Chilton Middle School, and Chilton High School. The district serves the City of Chilton and portions of the Towns of Chilton, Rantoul, Stockbridge, Brothertown, small portion of New Holstein, and the majority of Charlestown. The elementary and middle school was newly renovated and the high school is an entirely new facility that was completed in 2003.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Chilton Catholic School is a private school located in the City of Chilton. This school was completely renovated in 2003. The school is an elementary school providing education for kindergarten through sixth grade.
Hilbert School District
Schools within the district include Hilbert Elementary School, Hilbert Middle School, and Hilbert High School. The district serves the Village of Hilbert, Village of Potter, and portions of the Village of Sherwood and Towns of Rantoul, Woodville, Harrison, and Chilton and southwest corner of the Town of Brillion.
Private schools within the district include St. Mary’s Catholic School and St. Peter’s Lutheran School in the Village of Hilbert, Trinity Lutheran School in the Town of Rantoul, and St. John/Sacred Heart in the Village of Sherwood.
New Holstein School District
Schools within the district include New Holstein Elementary School, New Holstein Middle School, and New Holstein High School. The district serves the City of New Holstein, the majority of the Town of New Holstein, and portions of the Towns of Brothertown and Charlestown.
There is a parochial school, Holy Rosary, in the City of New Holstein. There is also an Amish school in the Town of New Holstein.
Stockbridge School District
Schools within the district include Stockbridge Elementary School, Stockbridge Middle School, and Stockbridge High School. The district serves the Village of Stockbridge, the majority of the Town of Stockbridge, and a small portion of the Town of Harrison.
Kiel Area School District
Schools within the district include Kiel High School, Kiel Middle School, Meeme Elementary, Zielanis Elementary, and Kiel Integrated Electronic Learning Charter School. The Kiel Area School District serves the City of Kiel and the southern portion of the Town of New Holstein.
Trinity Lutheran School is a private school located in Kiel.
Kaukauna Area School District
Schools within the district include Dr. H. B. Tanner Elementary, Haen Elementary, Kaukauna High School, Nicolet Elementary, Park Elementary, Quinney Elementary, and River View Middle School. The district serves the Village of Sherwood and portions of the Towns of Woodville and Harrison.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Kimberly Area School District
Schools within the district include Gerritts Middle School, Janssen Elementary, Kimberly High School, Mapleview Elementary, Sunrise Elementary, Woodland Elementary and Intermediate Schools, and Westside Elementary. The district serves portions of the City of Appleton and the Town of Harrison. In 19962006, the district constructed a new elementary and intermediate school in the Town of Harrison.
Wrightstown Community School District
Schools within the district include Wrightstown Elementary, Wrightstown High School, and Wrightstown Middle School. The district serves a small northern portion of the Town of Brillion.
Menasha Joint School District
Schools within the district include Banta School, Butte des Morts Elementary, Clovis Grove Elementary, Gegan Elementary, Jefferson Elementary, Maplewood Middle School, Menasha High School, Nicolet Elementary, and School on the Lake. The district serves the City of Menasha, Town of Menasha, and a portion of the Town of Harrison.
Appleton Area School District
Schools within the district include the following:
Appleton Central Alternative School Huntley Elementary Appleton Community Learning Center Jefferson Elementary Appleton E-School Johnston Elementary Badger Elementary Lincoln Elementary Berry Elementary Madison Middle School Classical Charter School Magellan Middle School Columbus Elementary McKinley Elementary East High School North High School Edison Elementary Renaissance School Einstein Middle School Richmond Elementary Elementary TAG School Roosevelt Middle School Ferber Elementary Tesla Engineering Charter School Foster Elementary West High School Franklin Elementary Wilson Middle School Highlands Elementary Wisconsin Connections Academy Horizons Elementary Houdini Elementary
The district serves the City of Appleton, City of Menasha, and a portion of the Town of Harrison.
Table 4-1 details total district enrollment for all districts serving Calumet County from the 1999/20002007/2008 school year to the 2003/20042011/2012 school year.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 4-1 School District Enrollment, Calumet County, 1999/20002007/2008- 2003/20042011/2012 # Change % Change 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 07/08-11/12 07/08-11/12 Brillion School District 864 954 960 932 944 80 9.3% Chilton School District 1,245 1,206 1,216 1,223 1,210 -35 -2.8% Hilbert School District 523 501 495 490 487 -36 -6.9% New Holstein School District 658 1,131 1,133 1,135 1,114 456 69.3% Stockbridge School District 231 232 215 200 204 -27 -11.7% Kiel School District 1,477 1,497 1,490 1,466 1,434 -43 -2.9% Kaukauna School District 3,990 4,038 3,989 3,969 3,959 -31 -0.8% Kimberly School District 4,202 4,307 4,458 4,532 4,641 439 10.4% Wrightstown School District 1,181 1,266 1,318 1,323 1,323 142 12.0% Menasha School District 3,750 3,643 3,687 3,745 3,699 -51 -1.4% Appleton School District 15,243 15,233 15,235 15,081 15,194 -49 -0.3% Source: Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, January, 20052011.
Approximately Seven of the elevenhalf of the school districts serving Calumet County have experienced declining enrollments while the remaining half ones havehas experienced increases. Districts experiencing the greatest increases include the New Holstein, Kimberly and Wrightstown School Districts while the New HolsteinStockbridge School District experienced the greatest decline in enrollment for the period shown.
According to the Applied Population Laboratory, of the University of Wisconsin, 69% of Wisconsin’s public school districts experienced declining enrollment between 20002001 and 20052006. However, decline has not been uniform across school districts, as some districts, especially ones located in suburban, exurban, and small city areas, have seen substantial enrollment increases. Multiple demographic trends (particularly changes in number of births, the age structure of the population, and an increasing Hispanic population) have influenced current and projected school enrollment.
Higher Education
Fox Valley Technical College has a regional center located in the City of Chilton. This regional center has five major areas to serve the public: specialized training for business and industry, credit classes for technical and associate degrees, continuing education classes for license renewals, GED/HSED/GOAL, and hobby classes.
The University of Wisconsin Fox Valley, located in the City of Menasha, is a two-year campus of the University of Wisconsin system. UW-Fox Valley provides the first two years of high quality liberal arts studies necessary as a foundation to university arts and science degrees as well as specialized professional and occupational degrees. The University also provides four year collaborative degree programs in organizational administration, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and general studies. Recently, UW-Fox Valley has been offering the ACT
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Program which stands for Alternative Careers in Teaching. This program is for students that have at a minimum attained a bachelor’s degree and would like to teach math or science in secondary education.
Moraine Park Technical College also serves portions of Calumet County. The college offers a variety of educational and training opportunities, including more associate degrees and technical diploma programs at its campus in Fond du Lac. Short-term certificates are also offered. Additional continuing educational offerings are available at the campus as well as at community- based instructional centers throughout the Moraine Park Technical College District. Other offerings include apprenticeship instruction, basic skills education, customized training for business and industry, and special programs and services for targeted populations. Lakeland Technical College also serves part of Calumet County.
4.5 Quasi Public Facilities
Libraries
Calumet County is a member of the Manitowoc- Calumet Library System. Libraries located within Calumet County include the following:
Chilton Public Library New Holstein Public Library Brillion Public Library Menasha Public Library Appleton Public Library Kiel Public Library New Holstein Public Library
Churches/Cemeteries
Churches and cemeteries located in Calumet County are listed by municipality in the Appendix. Refer to local community facility and services maps found at the end of this chapter for the locations of churches and cemeteries.
Campgrounds
The following campground facilities are located in Calumet County.
Village of Sherwood: High Cliff State Park campground. There are 112 family sites, 32 of which have electric. There are also eight group sites. Amenities include a beach in the lower park, showers, firewood sales, a concession store, marina, and the High Cliff General Store Museum. Within walking distance to golf, a supper club, and ice cream shoppe.
Town of Stockbridge: Calumet County Park, north of County EE. Campground includes 71 sites (59 electric sites are available). Sites are available along Lake Winnebago, in the
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 woods, and in grassy areas. RVs and tents are welcome at the campground; and Lakeview Campground along Ledge Road. There are 70 wooded sites with water and 30-20 amp electric, 15 non-wooded with water and 50-30-20 amp electric, 15 wooded rustic sites with electric, and 17 four-season sites for year round camping. All sites are spaced 100 feet apart.
Town of Brillion: Camp Forest, Forest Junction, near the intersection of US Highway 10 and State Highway 57, is a private non-profit campground. Cabins are rented for retreats, reunions, picnics, bible camps, etc.
Town of Brothertown: There is a private Christian-based camp along Lake Winnebago, south of Brothertown Harbor. The camp consists of small cabins.
Town of Stockbridge: Top of the Ledge Campground along Ledge Road. There are 70 wooded sites with water and 30-20 amp electric, 15 non-wooded with water and 50-30-20 amp electric, 15 wooded rustic sites with electric, and 17 four-season sites for year round camping. All sites are spaced 100 feet apart.
There are seven camping sites and event camping at the Calumet County Fairgrounds in the City of Chilton which are administered by the Fair Association. A permit is required for camping.
Organizations/Clubs
There are a number of organizations and clubs located in Calumet County such as chambers of commerce, Lions and Lioness Clubs, 4-H Clubs, conservation groups, etc. Coordination with these groups with regard to planning or implementing programs should be considered and utilized whenever possible because of the guidance, funding, support, and volunteer efforts the groups may provide. Civic and other organizations often provide local governments a cost effective way to leverage tax dollars for community projects.
Boat Landings and Public Access
There are a total of 15 18 water access sites in Calumet County, 13 of which provide access to Lake Winnebago. Boat landings and public access points available in the county are as follows:
Lake Winnebago Access Brothertown Harbor. As of 2005 this harbor is operated and maintained by Calumet County. Facility, which was updated in 2009, includes three launch lanes and limited boat and trailer parking. Calumet County Park. Facility includes six launch lanes and parking for boats and trailers. There are 15 transient boat slips available with no overnight parking. High Cliff Marina. Over 100 permanent slips, 15 general transient. Overnight slips available. Stockbridge Harbor. This modern boat launch facility includes six launch lanes and parking for boats and trailers. Boaters may stay on their boats overnight at designated docks. Fifteen electrical slips are available.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Road access off Driftwood Beach Road, Town of Brothertown Road access off Gladwater Beach Road, Town of Brothertown Road access off Fire Lane 8between Fire Lanes 7 and 8, Town of Harrison Road access at a municipal launch off Windswept Lane, Village of Sherwood Road access off Faro Springs Road, Town of Stockbridge Road access off Sunset Beach Road, Village of Stockbridge Road access off Twilight Beach Road, Town of Stockbridge Road access off Quinney Road, Town of Stockbridge Road access off Ecker Lakeland Drive, Town of Stockbridge
Inland Lakes Public access for Round Lake, Town of Brillion Public access for Becker Lake off Long Lake Road, Town of Rantoul
Rivers Public access for North Branch of the Manitowoc River, Village of Potter Public access for Manitowoc River by Calumet County Fairgrounds, City of Chilton Public access for Manitowoc River by Leahy Lions Lakeshore Park, City of Chilton
Dams
According to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) Dam Safety Program there are 1519 dams located in Calumet County. According to the WDNR’s database they are identified as follows:
Town of New Holstein, small privately owned dam Town of Charlestown, large privately owned dam, popularly known as Old Mill Dam Town of Charlestown, small privately owned dam Town of Stockbridge, small privately owned dam Town of Harrison, small privately owned dam Town of Harrison, small privately owned dam Town of Harrison, small dam owned by Garners Creek Basin Stormwater Utility Town of Harrison, known as Heckrodt Pond Town of Brillion, large City of Brillion owned dam known as Brillion Ryan Street Dam Town of Brillion, large City of Brillion owned dam known as Brillion Hacker Road Dam Village of Sherwood, small privately owned dam Village of Sherwood, Lakeshore Estates privately owned dam Village of Sherwood, small privately owned dam Village of Sherwood, High Cliff Golf Course small privately owned dam Village of Sherwood, High Cliff State Park, large dam owned by WDNR City of Appleton, small city owned dam City of Chilton, large city owned dam City of Chilton, small city owned dam City of Chilton, small city owned dam City of Brillion, large city owned dam known as Brillion Ryan Street Dam City of Brillion, large city owned dam known as Brillion Hacker Road Dam City of Menasha, small privately owned dam
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-27 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 While limited information is available about each of the identified dams, their locations and purpose should be known locally, particularly for stormwater management planning purposes.
Post Offices
Table 4-2 details post offices serving Calumet County.
Table 4-2 Post Offices, Calumet County
Post Office Location Chilton Post Office Main Street, Chilton Potter Post Office Main Street, Potter Forest Junction Post Office South side of US Highway 10 New Holstein Post Office Wisconsin Avenue, New Holstein Stockbridge Post Office State Highway 55, Stockbridge Hilbert Post Office Main Street, Hilbert Kiel Post Office Fremont Street, Kiel Sherwood Post Office Military Road, Sherwood Brillion Post Office Water Street, Brillion Menasha Post Office Racine Street, Menasha Appleton Post Office Franklin Street, Appleton
4.6 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space
State Owned Facilities
High Cliff State Park High Cliff State Park near Sherwood became part of Wisconsin's State Park system in 1957, and ranks third among the State for attendance. Natural features include towering cliffs that reach 223 feet above Lake Winnebago. A 40-foot observation tower gives visitors a panoramic view of the lake and distant communities up to 30 miles away. Open year- round, the park offers a variety of activities for summer fun and winter entertainment. The park has a total of 1,1451,175 acres. The park is located at N7630 State Park Road, Sherwood.
Park activities include fishing, boating, swimming, camping, hiking, horseback trails, rock climbing, cross country skiing, snowmobiling, and snowshoeing. A marina provides slips for High Cliff observation tower 95 boats with four launching ramps. Historical features found at the park include an abandoned quarry, old lime kilns, Indian effigy mounds, Chief Red Bird monument, and a restored general store.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-28 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012
Brillion Nature Center trail Brillion State Wildlife Area Encompassing approximately 4,800 acres, the Brillion State Wildlife Area lies between Brillion, Potter, and Hilbert. The site provides habitat for waterfowl, lowland furbearers, and upland game species. The Brillion Nature Center is part of the Wildlife Area. It is operated by a non- profit organization, the Brillion Nature Trails Association, Inc. There are eight hiking trails covering almost six miles. The center has a barn style building used for education and an office.
Killsnake Marsh State Wildlife Area Approximately three-fourths 4,224 acres of the 5,5007,012 acre Killsnake Marsh State Wildlife Area is located in eastern Calumet County east of Chilton. The remaining portion lies in adjacent Manitowoc County. The area provides prime deer habitat and, along the Killsnake River, habitat exists for waterfowl and lowland furbearers.
Kiel Marsh State Wildlife Area The Kiel Marsh State Wildlife Area south of Kiel is located at the boundaries of Calumet, Manitowoc, and Sheboygan Counties. Approximately 315335 acres of the 785843-acre site lies in Calumet County. The Sheboygan River, the area’s major feature, provides habitat for waterfowl, lowland furbearers, and some upland game species.
County Owned Facilities
Calumet County Park Calumet County Park is located on the eastern shore of Lake Winnebago just north of Stockbridge on County Highway EE. Activities include picnicking, hiking and mountain bike trails, six lane boat launch facility/safe harbor of refuge with ample boat and trailer parking, modern toilet facilities and a popular camping area that has 71 campsites which 59 are electric sites for the modern camping RV. There are also several basic tent camping sites. In winter the park offers a tube hill with a tow rope, and area for sledding, and cross country ski trails.
Ledge View Nature Center Ledge View Nature Center is located on Short Road off County Highway G just south of Chilton and have the following activities: cave tours, observation tower, interpretive center, leisure activities, nature activities, and picnicking.
Stockbridge Harbor Located on Lake Winnebago on Highway E west of the Village of Stockbridge, thisStockbridge Harbor is one of the best boat launch facilities on Lake Winnebago. It is located on the west end of County Stockbridge Harbor Highway E in the Village of Stockbridge. This recently constructed facility includes six launch/landing lanes, 15 bulkheads for temporary mooring, ample parking for boats and trailers, modern toilet facilities, small concession area and picnic area, and access for off shore fishing. The harbor is sized for the construction of 58 additional slips.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-29 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Becker’s Lake In 2000, a 75-acre plot of land was purchased on the southwest shore of Becker’s Lake is a newly acquired 75-acre tract of land located in the northeast corner of Calumet County. This park with be put into reserve for future use. The land was purchased by Calumet County, a grant from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, and donations from private citizens and organization throughout the region. This area has the potential to be developed into a passive recreational park with such amenities as hiking trails and shoreline fishing opportunities. Calumet County Parks has entered into an agreement with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to stat to convert Becker Lake from farm land to park land. The agreement entails the restoration of prairie and wetlands to encourage wildlife.still undeveloped area will provide some hiking trails, and access to the southwest side of Becker’s Lake. Some initial development of this park will take place in the near future.
Calumet County Fairgrounds The Calumet County Fairgrounds shares a 31-acre parcel with Hobart Park in the southwest portion of Chilton. The fairgrounds are owned and maintained by the Calumet County Agricultural Association while the city maintains the park. Facilities include a grandstand and arena, livestock and exhibition buildings, a pavilion, a number of concession buildings, and a half-mile dirt track. Park facilities include playground equipment, picnic facilities, concession stand, band shell, lighted softball field, drinking water and toilets.
Brothertown Harbor Land for this facility was purchased by Calumet County in 2004. Development of the site is planned for 2005. The harbor is currently being renovated. There are 23 permanent slips available.At 1.5-acres, Brothertown Harbor, located on Lake Winnebago approximately eight miles south of Stockbridge, has been operated and maintained by the Calumet County Parks Department since 2005. In 2009, the launch was remodeled. This included dredging of the harbor, three new wider launch lanes, paving of the entire parking area, a new breakwater, new area lighting, a navigational aid and installation of a permanent pit toilet.
4.7 Locally Owned Parks, Recreation, and Open Space
Community parks and public and private school sites provide a range of recreational activities for Calumet County residents. According to the Calumet County Outdoor Recreation Plan from 1995, one or more site is within walking distance of over 60% of the county’s population. While this statistic has likely changed since 1995 it still represents the fact that there are extensive parks and recreational areas in the county. Detailed within this section are parks and recreation facilities that are owned and operated by local municipalities.
Town of Harrison
Harrison Athletic Association Park This 16.5-acre park is located next to the town hall and garage, near the intersection of STH 114 and State Park Road. This park is the largest and most extensively developed recreational facility owned by the town. Existing facilities include a lighted softball diamond with spectator seating for 300; press box and scoreboard; and unlighted baseball diamond with spectator seating for 100; concessions/press box building and scoreboard; a shelter/concessions building; picnic
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-30 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 facilities; restrooms; lighted tennis, basketball, and sand volleyball courts; sever pieces of playground equipment; and a sand box with two differs. The Harrison Athletic Association operates the facilities and ball diamonds. In addition, the Association has been actively involved with further development of the park.
Darboy Community Park Darboy Community Park is located on a 17.5-acre tract of land just west of CTH N, adjacent to the Sunrise Elementary School in Darboy. This park contains softball diamonds, a baseball diamond, soccer fields, and a community picnic area. In 2004, a large shelter/pavilion; with restrooms will be built. Development of the Darboy Community Park will be a joint project between the Towns of Buchanan and Harrison.
Firelane #8 The south end of Firelane #8 is maintained by the Town of Harrison as an improved boat launch on the north shore of Lake Winnebago. The adjacent gravel area provides parking for approximately one dozen car-trailer units. During the winter months, Firelane #8 provides a very important recreational access to Lake Winnebago for snowmobiles and vehicles.
Village of Hilbert
Civic Park Civic Park occupies a six-acre site and contains two ball diamonds with bleachers, concession stand, and a storage area. There are also two food stands, a beer stand, a pavilion, bandstand, restrooms, picnic tables, grills, and playground equipment. There is also a soccer field available. The park is located between Fifth and Eighth Street on Chestnut Street.
Railroad Park Railroad Park, located at Fifth and Main Street, is approximately 3/10 acres. This park is primarily a rest area. It contains a gazebo type shelter, picnic tables, and the community clock. In the winter the park is flooded to create an ice skating rink.
Village of Potter
Potter Fireman’s Park The Potter Athletic Association runs a men’s league, children’s little league, and pee wee league softball. There are two large buildings and a restroom facility located on approximately 15 acres.
Village of Sherwood
Legion Park Legion Park is located adjacent to the Community Center and Village Garage. The site is 11.4 acres in size and includes play equipment, softball diamond, shelter, and picnic facilities.
Schneider Park Small site located at the intersection of Spring Hill Drive and Sundown Court.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-31 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Gosz Park Small site located west of Pigeon Road. This site is open green space and does not have any additional recreation equipment.
Wannick Choute Park This is 10 acre site located on Castle Drive is named for a local Native American tribal chief commonly known as Redbird. The park features a softball diamond, mowed multipurpose field, pavilion, play ground equipment, and parking lot.
Village of Stockbridge
Legion-Fireman’s Community Park This 7.4 acre park is located west of Military Avenue and south of Lake Street, and is immediately adjacent to the Stockbridge Recreational Park. It is privately owned by the American Legion and the Stockbridge Fire Department. Facilities include a large picnic shelter, restrooms, tables and grills, drinking water, concession stands, and a lighted and fenced softball field with bleacher seating.
Stockbridge Recreational Park This five acre park is located immediately to the south of the Legion-Fireman’s Community Park. It contains two fenced and lighted tennis courts, a combination basketball and volleyball court, a play apparatus area, sandbox, and an open play area. Recent additions include a practice field/baseball diamond and additional play equipment including a spiral slide, a climbing apparatus and spring animals. There is parking for about 75 cars.
Sunset Park Formerly known as Village Park and Lake Shore Park, this small park provides access to Lake Winnebago at Sunset Beach Road. Property adjacent to the park was purchased recently and a retention wall and a handicapped accessible pier were added. The village provides a portable restroom during summer months.
Memorial Park Memorial Park, a 600 square foot passive use park, is the newest park in the village and is also the smallest. It is located just south of St. Mary’s Catholic Church.
City of Appleton
The City of Appleton owns and maintains the following parks. Due to the extensive facilities available in the city they are only listed with limited information for reference. For more information on specific park facilities visit the city’s web site.
Appleton Memorial Park, between Ballard Road and Mead Street, 139 acres Pierce Park, 1205 W. Prospect, 36.2 acres Erb Park, 1800 N. Morrison Street, 27.8 acres Telulah Park, 1300 E. Newberry Street, 38.3 acres Alicia Park, 1301 W. Cedar Street, 12 acres Colony Oaks Park, 801 N. Briarcliff Drive, 7.9 acres
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-32 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Green Meadows Park, 65 Pheasant Court, 5.6 acres Jaycee Park, 1200 S. Jefferson Street, 4 acres Linwood Park, 401 N. Douglas Street, 9.5 acres Mead Park, 1430 E. John Street, 8.5 acres Summit Park, 2423 N. Summit Street, 5.5 acres Houdini Plaza, 100 W. Lawrence Street, open green space Arbutus Park, 501 W. Atlantic Street, 3.4 acres Derks Park, Kensington Drive and Rail Road, 9.1 acres Highview Park, 100 W. Wayfarer Lane, 12.6 acres Jones Park, 301 W. Lawrence Street, 5.8 acres Lions Park, 1920 S. Matthias Street, 4.4 acres Peabody Park, 601 N. Green Bay Road, 16.2 acres Veterans Park, 1201 S. Memorial Drive, 2 acres City Park, 500 E. Franklin Street, 8 acres Einstein Park, 3200 N. Morrison Street, 6.6 acres Hoover Park, 600 E. Roeland Avenue, 11.6 acres Kiwanis Park, 2315 N. Nicholas Street, 7.8 acres Lutz Park, 1320 Lutz Drive, 2.7 acres Schaefer Park, 610 S. Buchanan Street, 6.5 acres Woodland Park, 1815 S. Schaefer Circle, 8.7 acres
City of Brillion
Horn Park Horn Park, at 19 acres in size, is Brillion's largest and most diverse park. Located in the northeast section of the City adjacent to the Brillion Iron Works, it serves as a traditional community park, providing a variety of recreational opportunities for all age groups.
Most of the park's development is concentrated in the northern portion of the site which is rolling and tree-covered. A significant number of mature oaks, which are also scattered in other portions of the park, highlight the area. Another prominent feature is a small manmade pond in the park's southwest corner. The city has maintained an active tree planting program to ensure that the park's character is preserved.
Active recreational opportunities are provided by a baseball field with scoreboard located in the southeast portion of the park, and a play apparatus area that is integrated into the park's wooded area. Picnic facilities and benches are found primarily in the wooded area but have also been placed along the pond shoreline so that both of the park's major features can be enjoyed by users. Support structures include a sheltered picnic area; an enclosed shelter with three serving windows; an adjacent open-air amphitheater; a restroom facility; and a maintenance shed. A paved drive loops through the park, providing convenient access to all facilities. Paved parking areas are conveniently located by the enclosed shelter. Handicap parking is designated. A lighted paved walkway extends throughout the park.
Heritage Park Heritage Park, five acres in size, is located in the south-central section of Brillion on the corner of South Main Street and Fairway Drive, and functions primarily as a neighborhood park for
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-33 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 residential areas in the south-eastern portion of the community. An elderly housing project is located immediately south of the park.
Facilities include four lighted tennis courts, playground equipment, shelter building with restrooms, picnic facilities, a sand volleyball court, and paved parking areas. While some landscaping has been undertaken, the site retains an open character. The southern portion of the park contains a baseball diamond with bleachers and a scoreboard.
Peters Park Athletic Field Peters Park Athletic Field is a six acre parcel located in the west-central portion of Brillion, adjacent to the Brillion High School football and track area. Primary facilities include a lighted softball diamond with bleachers; scoreboard and a scorekeeper's booth which is used by the city, schools, and Brillion Athletic Association; a lighted basketball court; two lighted sand volleyball courts; and a hard plastic play station. The south-west corner of the field is used as a soccer field. Support facilities include a concession stand, restrooms, a maintenance/storage shed, and a sizable parking area. The parking area and concession stand also receive heavy use during football games and major track meets held at the adjacent high school.
South Park South Park is a half-acre tract which lies along Spring Creek at the corner of Horn and South Main Street. It serves as a green space for visitors entering Brillion from the south.
City of Chilton
Hobart Park Hobart Park, Chilton’s most intensively developed park, is located on the banks of the millpond in the southern portion of the city. The park lies adjacent to and north of the Calumet County Fairgrounds. The park provides an attractive picnic area with picnic tables and several grills. The shelter was recently updated with power and an enclosed serving area. Playground equipment has also been added to this area. There is a new restroom/fry stand and to the north a new bandstand has been constructed. A softball field with bleacher seating for 350 spectators and updated lighting system occupies the eastern portion of the park and is augmented by a shelter/concession building, restrooms, and play equipment. A boat ramp in the northern portion of the park allows small boats and canoes to be launched on the millpond. Other facilities include two exhibition buildings, which are maintained by the Calumet County Agricultural Association.
Klinkner Park Klinkner Park is located off of Memorial Drive. The city has undertaken several improvements to the park in recent years. The park’s focal point is a “Welcome to Chilton” sign complemented by a floral display. The 5.0-acre park serves primarily as a picnic area. Facilities include picnic tables, grills, a new shelter with restrooms, updated play equipment, horseshoe pits, and a sand volleyball court. Off-street parking for about 2025 cars is available near Memorial Drive. Electricity is available at the open shelter. The park contains the Chilton Veteran’s of Foreign Wars memorial. A second veteran memorial project is planned.
Leahy Lions Lakeshore Park
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-34 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Leahy-Lions Lakeshore Park is located at 139 W. Main and is an attractive 0.4-acre site. Facilities include a small shelter/restroom building, picnic and play facilities, shoreline fishing pier, and a boat ramp for canoes and other small boats.
Morrissey Park Morrissey Park occupies 12.3 acres of land that formerly housed the Chilton High School (which relocated to the city’s west side in 2003). The park includes the Chilton High School football field and track, a large community built playground, three tennis courts (one double court and one single court), a shelter and the city’s skating rink during the winter months. A non-profit group, Chilton Morrissey Park Project, Inc. raises funds to maintain the playground and is seeking to add components to the park.
Nennig Park Nennig Park is located at 224 Dove Ave. and is a 15.5-acre site. The active support of the Chilton Athletic Club plays a key role in this parks development. Facilities include two three ball diamonds, two tennis courts, a soccer/football field, basketball court, and a volleyball court. Other facilities include an indoor/outdoor shelter, refreshment stand, two restroom buildings, horseshoe pits, picnic tables and grills, sandbox, and a variety of play equipment. The shelter can accommodate approx. 40 persons and has electricity available.
Brewery Hill Brewery Hill is a small undeveloped side hill area about an acre in size located on the east side of Park Street across the street from the library. A unique feature of the site is that a variety of trees donated by local residents have been planted there, each identified by a small plaque.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-35 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Kiwanis Riverview Park Located on the south side of East Main Street along the river, this small 0.8-acre parcel of city owned land provides access to the river. The park provides passive recreational opportunities and receives some shoreline use.
Riverside Park Riverside Park, located at 139 E. Grand St., is the newest addition to the city’s park system. The park occupies a 1.2-acre site along the river and serves primarily as a small neighborhood park. Facilities Kiwanis Riverview Park include a modest amount of play equipment, a couple of picnic tables, grills, and sitting benches.
Wetland Behind City Garage Although not a park site at the present time, a large city-owned wetland located generally south of the city garage offers excellent potential for creating enhanced wildlife habitat and providing opportunities for environmental education and other nature study activities. In 2002, the city acquired an additional 15 acres, expanding its holdings to approximately 35 acres.
The City of Chilton has acquired a piece of property from the school district as a multi-use recreational facility and recently constructed a skating rink and restroom/shelter facility. Walkways are also located in the city along the river in the downtown.
City of Kiel
Beach Park Located on the Sheboygan River behind the Kiel Community Center. This park is primarily used for passive recreational opportunities.
Belitz Park Located off of Belitz Drive, in the southwestern portion of the city.
Big Rock Park This one acre triangular parcel of open space is bordered by Calumet Avenue, Sheboygan Avenue, and Eighth Street and simply provides the neighborhood playground and picnic facilities.
Boy Scout Park This three acre park facility is located south of Fremont Street, along the Sheboygan River. The Boy Scout Park offers more passive recreation to the public.
Conley Park Located on the corner of Raider Heights and Dewey Street.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-36 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Duerwaechter Park This recreational facility is also currently under development and located within the Rockville subdivision.
Fire Station Park This one-acre neighborhood recreational area is located on the Sheboygan River behind the Kiel Fire Station. This park facility is primarily used for passive recreational activities.
Hingiss Park This 12-acre park is located on 12 acres of floodplain land with 1,000 feet of shoreland on the south bank of the Sheboygan River. Rising away from the river, the park has an excellent stand of trees covering a large portion of its area. Recreational opportunities are provided with plenty of open space for picnicking, walking, and enjoying nature. The park also includes playground equipment and a shelter for gatherings. The Kiel Jaycees Footbridge, which links downtown Kiel to Hingiss Park, is one of several ways to access this recreational facility.
Karls Sports Terrace Located in the River Terrace subdivision, this park facility consists of soccer fields, a pond for ice skating, a sledding hill, etc. The recreational site also has paved parking facilities.
City of Kiel Park This nine acre park, located south of the Kiel Middle School includes a variety of playground and picnic facilities. There is also a shelter available at this park facility.
Kiwanis Park Located south of East Fremont Street on the Sheboygan River, this four acre parcel of open space provides both picnic and playground facilities.
Lions Park This two-acre neighborhood park facility is located on the city’s west side and serves the community with both picnic areas and active recreational areas. The park also has a shelter available to the public.
Sisson Park This four acre community park on the Sheboygan River provides various picnic facilities and open space for recreational activities.
Triangle Park Triangle Park is a one acre recreational area located at the intersection of Fourth Street, North Street, and Calumet Avenue. It is primarily used as an area for passive recreational activities.
Veterans Memorial Park This one-half acre parcel of open space provides for leisurely recreational activities.
Waack Park This park facility is located in the Rockville subdivision and is currently under development.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-37 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Solomon Trail (Kiel – New Holstein Trail) This walking/bike trail is located in the State Highway 57/32 right-of-way and extends from Kiel to New Holstein. In the future, this trail could continue from Kiel south on the rail corridor. Portions of the trail are lighted.
City of Menasha
Jefferson Park Facilities include a main pavilion with a kitchen and restroom facilities, three other shelters, and picnic areas. The park also features the Jefferson Municipal Pool and a total of 49 boat slips with access to Lake Winnebago. The park is 28.9 acres in size.
Smith Park Features a large pavilion with kitchen facilities suitable for large gatherings, tennis courts, sand volleyball courts, softball diamond, playground equipment, soccer field, basketball court, and a public garden. Smith Flower Garden is a semi-formal public garden is a popular location for weddings and wedding pictures. The Memorial Building is also located at this site, which is used for a variety of functions. The Memorial Building also houses the Menasha Historical Society, which also maintains this caboose located nearby inside Smith Park. The park is 23.9 acres in size.
Koslo Park Facilities include a shelter, play equipment, basketball and volleyball courts, and a baseball diamond that is home to Menasha High School. The park is 12 acres in size.
Clovis Grove Park Facilities include a shelter with restroom facilities, tennis courts, play equipment, ball fields, a soccer field, small woods and a sledding hill. The park is 12.5 acres in size.
Pleasants Park Includes play equipment, softball diamonds, football/soccer fields, and tennis courts. The park is 5.3 acres in size.
Hart Park The park is 3.9 acres in size. The shelter at the site is primarily designed as a warming shelter for the park's large skating rink. A lighted basketball court, sand volleyball court, and play equipment is available in the park. The Menasha Skate Park is located at the east end of Hart Park.
Barker Farms Park This park has one softball diamond, play equipment, shelter, tennis court, basketball court, and sledding. The park is 8.9 acres in size.
Shepard Park Shepard Park houses a picnic area, play equipment, softball diamond, basketball court, and restrooms. The park is 3.7 acres in size.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-38 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Municipal Beach The park is 1.4 acres in size. Facilities include a volleyball court, play equipment, picnic area, and swimming availability.
Clinton Center Park Facilities include play equipment and a basketball court. The park is 0.6 acres in size.
Scanlan Park Facilities include play equipment. The park is 0.5 acres in size.
Winz Park Facilities include play equipment, basketball and tennis courts. The park is 0.5 acres in size.
Menasha Marina Facilities include a picnic area, temporary boat docking and slips for 87 boats. The site is a total of 0.3 acres.
City of New Holstein
Kiwanis Community Park Located in the southern portion of the city, Kiwanis Community Park is New Holstein's largest park. Acquisition of additional land has increased the size of this park to 56.19 acres, enabling the city to develop additional recreational facilities during the past decade. Over the years, the park’s growth has closely followed master plans prepared by East Central Planning. Located in the park are two key facilities, the Community Center and the outdoor Aquatic Center.
The 4,100 square foot Community Center has kitchen facilities, two meeting rooms, indoor and outdoor restrooms, and is used extensively by local organizations and is rented for social gatherings. The Aquatic Center which opened in 2009 is a zero-depth/beach entry design. Feature include: two runout slides, a dropslide, floor fountain jet play area, interactive play feature, a child’s slide, shaded sand play area, a diving board, whirlcove and two lap lanes. The bathhouse includes men’s and women’s restroom/changing areas, a handicap restroom/family changing room, a concession stand, and a party/meeting room.Since the 1999 adoption of the city’s last open space plan, a community center and adjacent lighted ice skating pond, which provides a dual function as a stormwater detention basin, have been completed.
Other park amenities include: relatively recent projects include two new soccer fields, a fishing pond with a fishing deck, additional parking, drainage improvements, and lighteding of the park’s three existing tennis courts and basketball courts, soccer fields, restroom/storage building, extensive picnic facilities, three open shelters, play equipment, two recreational softball/baseball diamonds, batting cage, volleyball courts, a nine hold disc golf course, lighted paved walkways and off street parking lots.. An outdoor swimming pool, restroom/storage building, extensive picnic facilities, two small canopies, two open shelters, play equipment, two recreational softball diamonds, four sets of horseshoe pits and shuffleboard courts, volleyball courts, lighted paved walkways and parking areas are other park facilities. Pedestrian bridges spanning Jordan Creek are integrated into the walkway system. A The park’s most recent 10.36-acre portion of the park was developed with native prairie wildflowers and grasses and connects Kiwanis Park with
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-39 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Memorial Park. The park’s trail system extends from Hickory Lane on the north side, to Fur Farm Road on the southside of Memorial park, and connects with adjacent residential neighborhoods.expansion, presently undeveloped, is slated to become a restored prairie with a network of walking trails. This key acquisition links the other portions of Kiwanis Park to Memorial Park.
Kiwanis Park Nature Study Area The Kiwanis Park Nature Study Area occupies a 2.73-acre parcel of woodland across Hickory Lane from Kiwanis Community Park. A system of trails traverses the park but no other development has occurred on the site.
Memorial Park Donated to the community in 1997, Memorial Park is a recent addition to the city’s park system. A 7.32-acre wooded tract, the park is located in the southern portion of New Holstein south of Kiwanis Park. Restrictive covenants which run with the park call for it to remain wooded and used for nature study. With the acquisition of an intervening parcel, Memorial Park will soon be linked by trail to Kiwanis Park.
Market Square Park Market Square Park, at the intersection of Michigan Avenue and Railroad Street, is located in the historical area of the city known as “Market Square.” The .3 acre park provides an attractive space for public gatherings, special events, brat fry’s, and other fund raising activities.
Civic Park Civic Park is located on Park Street in the northern portion of the city. It forms part of a recreational complex, which also includes Funke Memorial Field and the New Holstein Elementary School. A canopy of mature trees graces much of the 4.77-acre site. Facilities include an enclosed pavilion, a large open shelter, two concession buildings, restroom facilities, picnic tables and grills, a three-sided band shelter, lighted sidewalks, and several pieces of play equipment. The play equipment, which provides play opportunities for the adjacent elementary school, has been upgraded within the past few years. Adjacent streets provide ample parking opportunities for park users.
Funke Memorial Field Located at the north end of Washington Street, Funke Field lies northwest of Civic Park and north of the elementary school. The 7.86-acre site is the only park with ball field facilities lighted for night play. Among the facilities available at Funke Field are two tennis courts, several horseshoe courts, a baseball diamond and a softball diamond. The lighting for the ball diamonds, in particular, is quite old and has become increasingly inadequate for night use. The horseshoe courts are used for adult horseshoe leagues. The park also contains two unlighted little league diamonds that can double as two temporary soccer fields. A drive behind the elementary school provides adjacent parking while convenient on-street parking is also available.
Optimist Park Optimist Park occupies a 13.5-acre site located on Mason Street in the northeastern part of the city. While the former Honeymoon Hill has long served as a sledding and tobogganing hill for local residents, in 1995 the local Optimist Club offered to assist the city to further develop the
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-40 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 site to better accommodate year-round recreational activities. A site plan was subsequently prepared by East Central Regional Planning to guide additional development of the park. Present development consists of a shelter/restroom building, an overlook deck, timber staircase, a park sign, bench, horseshoe pits, landscaping, and a small unpaved parking area. Other development planned for the park includes picnic facilities, play apparatus, a sand play area, horseshoe pits, walking trails, a wildflower prairie, and an informal open play area.
Tower Park Located on the west side of Mason Street across from Optimist Park, Tower Park is a 1.2-acre site which serves as the location of the city's east water tower. The site has interesting topography and a well-manicured lawn but provides no recreational facilities. To discourage children from darting across Mason Street as they run back and forth between the two parks, no future development is proposed for Tower Park.
“New” Park In 2004, the city sold Lions Park and purchased a “New” 1.57-acre park located on the south side of Jordan Avenue in the southeastern portion of New Holstein. The park is intended to serve as a neighborhood park. The parcel is an open turf area. On-street parking is available.
Town of Brillion
Freitag Memorial Park The Freitag Memorial Park in Forest Junction is operated by the Forest Junction Civic League. It is a 24-acre park located on the south side of US Highway 10. Four acres of the park is maintained for picnicking and children’s playground equipment.
The former elementary school in Forest Junction is operated by a non-profit organization and offers activities for children in grades 3 through 8. The facility is supervised and is open three evenings a week.
Limited Park and Recreation Facilities
The following communities have no formally established park or recreation facilities that are operated or owned by the community.
Town of Brothertown: There are no town parks. Brothertown Harbor is going to be developed as a County Park in 2005. Town of Charlestown: There are no town parks. There is a county park, Ledge View Nature Center, which has a nature center building, caves to explore, and trails. The Center is located on Short Road, just south of Chilton. There is one state wildlife area in the eastern portion of the Town known as the Killsnake Wildlife Area. This reserve comprises 5,1577,012 acres, but only 4,224 acres is located in Calumet County.A museum showcasing county historical artifacts is on Irish Road. There is also a private recreational area on Redwood Road known as “Outdoors, Inc.”
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-41 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Town of Chilton: There are no town parks. However, there are three recreation attractions, all privately owned. There is Gravity Park USA, a motocross and snowmobile track, on Hickory Hills Road; Sefelt’s, a mini car facility, on Mueller road; and Hickory Hills Country Club, a golf course with restaurant and bar, on Hickory Hills Road.
Town of New Holstein: In St. Anna there are two parks, including the Fireman’s Park and the Sportsman Park. The Solomon Trail, a walking trail, is located in the town and runs from Kiel to the City of New Holstein.
Town of Rantoul: There are no town parks. There is a county park at Becker Lake. There are various wildlife areas available to the public: Brillion Nature Center, Brillion Marsh, and the Killsnake Wildlife Area.
Town of Stockbridge: There are no locally managed parks. There are two county parks: Calumet County Park, Stockbridge Harbor County Park. The State of Wisconsin owns 20 acres of public land along Ledge Road.
Town of Woodville: Peanuts Park in Dundas has playground equipment and a basketball court. The park is located at the intersection of Brant St. John Road and Dundas Road.
4.8 Trails
Snowmobile Trails Calumet County snowmobile clubs maintain over 100131 miles of public snowmobile trail. The county's trail network and interconnecting privately-maintained club trails are readily accessibly to all portions of the county and link up with trails of surrounding counties as part of a statewide system. Most public trails are easements across private property.
Cross-Country Skiing Groomed cross-country ski trails are available at High Cliff State Park (four miles), Calumet County Park (four miles), and Ledge View Nature Center (2.5 miles). In addition, about six miles of ungroomed trails exist at Brillion Nature Center.
Bridle Trails An 8.2-mile long bridle trail is available at High Cliff State Park. Horseback riding is also allowed along the Friendship State Trail and the Fox River State Trail from Ott Road, north of Hilbert, to Greenleaf, WI.
Other Trails
Solomon Trail. This trail links the City of New Holstein to Kiel. The project was a joint effort between the two communities. The trail is paved and is approximately four2.25 miles in length. There are no trailheads. Calumet County is working on plans to connect this trail with the Fox River State Trail.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-42 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Friendship Trail. Runs from City of Brillion to Forest Junction. The Town of Harrison, City of Menasha and Calumet County are working on the Northshore extension of the Friendship State Trail will be constructed in 2007 or 2008. It will connect the Fox Cities to High Cliff State Park. It lies in the City of Menasha, Town of Harrison, and Village of Sherwood.
Fox River State Trail is a limestone, multi-use trail, which is located in an abandoned railroad corridor. The trail runs east of Hwy 32/57 from Green Bay to Ott Road, north of Hilbert for approximately 26 miles. Calumet County is working on plans to connect this trail with the Solomon Trail.being constructed in 2006. It will connect the Green Bay area to Calumet County. It runs from the north county line, south to Ott Road just north of the Village of Hilbert. It follows the old railroad bed just east of State Highway 32/57.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-43 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 4.9 Private Park and Recreational Facilities
Golf Courses Five golf courses, totaling approximately 640 acres, are located in Calumet County. These include two nine-hole courses and three eighteen hole courses. Deer Run Country Club south of Brillion and Sherwood Forest Country Club, a newer course in Sherwood are the two nine-hole courses. Hickory Hills Country Club, located north of Chilton, and High Cliff Golf Course and North Shore Country Club, both located west of Sherwood, each feature 18 holes. Of the five, only North Shore is not available for use by the general public. High Cliff Golf Course The Shady Rest Driving Range is located on STH 114 just west of State Park Road. This 12-acre privately owned recreational facility is open to the general public on a seasonal basis.
4.10 Solid Waste Management and Recycling
There are currently two licensed solid waste landfills found in Calumet County:
Appleton Papers, Inc.Coated LLC, 199-acre landfill, located in the Town of Harrison Hickory Meadows Landfill LLC, owned by Veolia Environmental Services, W3105 Schneider Road, Town of Chilton
According to the Historic Registry of Waste Disposal Sites in Wisconsin, 1999July 2011 update, there are a number of other waste related sites in the county. A total of 5860 sites area listed for Calumet County. Most of these sites, however, have limited information or are already identified as inactive or abandoned. The inclusion of a site on the Registry does not mean that environmental contamination has occurred, is occurring, or will occur in the future. The Registry is intended to serve as a general informational source for the public, and state, and local officials, as to the location of waste disposal sites in Wisconsin.
A search of the WDNR’s Solid and Hazardous Waste Information System identified a total of 6769 active waste management facilities in the county. Activities that occur at facilities include landfill operation, waste transportation, hazardous waste generation, wood burning, waste processing, sharps collection, and many more.
Calumet County has no involvement in solid waste or recycling collection, handling, and disposal. Local municipalities are responsible for providing these services or individual residents contract for services privately.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-44 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Clean Sweep Calumet County, through the UW-Extension, has conducted Clean Sweep events. Clean Sweep programs are held for the disposal of hazardous wastes from farms, businesses, and households. There are currently two Clean Sweep programs which serve Calumet County. The first program, which has run since the late 1990’s, is run jointly with Calumet and Manitowoc County every spring. The second program is an urban program which is provided for the Cities of Appleton, Menasha and AppletonNeenah and the Towns of Clayton, Buchanan, Harrison, Menasha and Neenah, but this program can also be utilized by any resident of Calumet County. This program is also held annually.
Both Clean Sweep programs offered to Calumet County residents are funded through a county contract with Veolia Hickory Meadows Landfill and by grants. The programs are and are therefore dependent on this funding for their continued implementation. Currently, there is no county funding offered for these programs. According to UW-Extension, there is interest in holding more Clean Sweep events as well as possibly offering a year round facility to handle applicable wastes in the county.
East Shore Recycling Commission The East Shore Recycling Commission was started in 1994. Member communities include the Cities of Brillion, Chilton, Kiel, and New Holstein and the Villages of Hilbert, Potter, and Sherwood, and the Towns of Brillion, Brothertown, Calumet (Fond du Lac County), Charlestown, New Holstein, and Rantoul, and Woodville. Communities work together to jointly negotiate recycling collection and processing contracts with private providers. By working together these municipalities feel they are offered a better rate on recycling services from providers. The existing processing and marketing contract for these services will expire in 20072013. The Commission is run with established bylaws and a board which meets as needed. The Commission has also more recently begun working on recycling education through funds offered by a grant program at the WDNR.
Town of Brillion
The town contracts with OnyxVeolia Environmental Services to collect refuse on a bi-weekly basis and recyclables once a month. Waste is hauled out of the county to Omro. The waste is then transported back to the area and taken to the landfill in the Town of Chilton. The Town of Brillion is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Town of Brothertown
The town contracts with Veolia Environmental ServicesOnyx for garbage and recycling pick-up. Residents are also allowed one bulky item to be picked up once a year. The service is charged to the resident’s tax bill on a “barrel” basis. The Town of Brothertown is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-45 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Town of Charlestown
Garbage is picked up every other week, recyclables once a month, by Veolia Environmental ServicesOnyx Waste Services out of Sheboygan. There are no garbage or recycling facilities in the town. The Town of Charlestown is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Town of Chilton
The Town of Chilton is home to the Veolia ES Hickory Meadows Landfill located at W3105 Schneider Road. The town contracts with Veolia Environmental ServicesOnyx for solid waste collection and recycling.
The Town of Chilton Landfill, referred to as the Hickory Meadows Landfill, is a privately owned and operated landfill located in the Town of Chilton near the intersection of McHugh and Schneider Roads. The landfill, formerly owned by Onyx but now owned by Veolia Environmental Services, began operations in June, 1999, and according to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), has a total design capacity of nearly 7.5 million cubic yards of solid waste. The landfill is currently owned by Veolia Environmental Services. It is anticipated to be full by 2014 under the current permit.An expansion for 14,600,000 cubic yards of additional airspace has been requested to the WDNR. The landfill is licensed to receive municipal, institutional, commercial and industrial solid wastes, as well as certain special wastes including PCB dredge materials (under 50 ppm). The primary service area includes most of northeastern Wisconsin, but extends into central and northern Wisconsin and other states. In 20032010, the landfill received 500,844828,534 tons of waste from Wisconsin, 2,954 tons from Illinois, 729 tons from Iowa, and 15,2274,060 tons from Michigan.
Town of Harrison
Garbage and recycling services are provided by a private provider to community residents. The town does have a drop-off site for yard waste at the town hall and provides yard waste days set aside for spring and fall clean-ups.
An industrial landfill is located in Section 17 at the intersection of USH 10 and Peters Road. This site is owned and operated by Appleton Papers. Harrison and Appleton Coated Papers entered into a landfill agreement in March of 1997. The agreement provides for disposal of boiler ash and mill sludge from the combined Locks Mill.
Town of New Holstein
Veolia Environmental Services Onyx provides solid waste removal and recycling for the town. The town contracts for tire removal from a private party. The Town of New Holstein is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Town of Rantoul
The town contracts with Veolia Environmental Services Onyx Waste Services for curbside garbage pick-up. Garbage is picked up every other week and recycling every four weeks. Recycling bags are provided free of charge to town residents. Garbage is billed once a year and
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-46 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 added to the tax bills. The Town of Rantoul is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Town of Stockbridge
The Town of Stockbridge contracts for waste collection on an every other week basis and recycling collection once a month. Twice a year (spring and fall) there is a collection for large items.
Town of Woodville
The drop off site for solid waste and recycling is located one and one half miles north of St. John on County Highway B. Disposal and handling of collected material is provided by a private provider. The Town of Woodville is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Village of Hilbert
Recycling pick-up is provided once a month by an outside provider. The village does provide a compost site, which is located on North Third Street. The village also provides curbside brush pick-up and chipping along with leaf pick-up in fall. The village has volume-based garbage collection in which each resident must have a container. Garbage pick-up is provided weekly. Services are contracted from a private provider. The Village of Hilbert is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Village of Potter
Curbside garbage pick-up is provided to residents every week from a private provider. Recycling pick-up is provided curbside every other week from the same private provider. The Village of Potter is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Village of Sherwood
The village contracts with a private provider for garbage and recycling services. Solid waste is transferred to a private landfill in the Town of Chilton. The Village of Sherwood is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
Village of Stockbridge
The village contracts for solid waste and recycling service with private providers. Collection for both takes place once a week. Solid waste is hauled to the transfer station in Menasha and eventually to the Valley Trail landfill near Berlin, Wisconsin.
City of Brillion
A private carrier under contract with the City of Brillion collects garbage and recyclables. Collections are made every Wednesday for garbage and collections vary based on location for recycling. The costs for pickup and disposal of garbage and recycling are charged as a separate user charge, and are not included in the tax rate. Yard waste may be disposed of at the city
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-47 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 compost site daily. The city compost site is located on W. Ryan Street (Hwy 10), behind the Vocational School. In 2000, the city initiated a curbside leaf pick-up program. In the fall, city residents may rake leaves onto city streets, along the curb, for pickup. The City of Brillion is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
City of Chilton
Garbage is picked up every Tuesday and recyclables are picked up every other week. The city contracts with a private provider for waste pickup and disposal. The city also offers curbside brush pickup every two weeksthe fourth Monday of each month. Residents need to call city hall to schedule a pickup. In the fall, city crews also conduct curbside pickup of leaves. Grass clippings can be disposed of at the city garage located at 908 S. Maple Street. Composting occurs outside of the city limits. The City of Chilton is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
City of Kiel
The pickup of solid wastes occurring once every week in the city is provided by a private provider, which then disposes of it at a landfill in Hilbert. The recycling program for the city includes curbside pickup of items once every other week. The City of Kiel is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
City of Menasha
Garbage collection is provided weekly and curbside recycling collection is provided monthly. Refuse carts are used for garbage collection which allows for automated collection. Brush and tree limbs will also be collected at the curb once per month. Brush, yard wastes, and recyclables may be brought to the City Public Works Facility drop-off site during designated hours.
City of New Holstein
The City of New Holstein contracts for curbside solid waste and recycling services from a private provider. The City of New Holstein is a member of the East Shore Recycling Commission.
4.11 Communication and Power Facilities
Electric
Calumet County is served by six electric providers including Wisconsin Electric, WE Energies, Kiel Electric Utility, Menasha Utilities, Wisconsin Public Service, and New Holstein Utilities. Service areas for electric providers are as follows:
Wisconsin Electric City of Appleton City of Menasha, portion Town of Harrison, portion
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-48 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Town of Woodville Town of Chilton
WE Energies City of Menasha Village of Sherwood Village of Hilbert Town of Brillion Town of Brothertown Portions of Town of New Holstein
Kiel Electric Utility City of Kiel Portions of Town of New Holstein
Menasha Utilities Majority of City of Menasha
Wisconsin Public Service City of Brillion City of Chilton Village of Potter Village of Stockbridge Town of Brillion Town of Rantoul Town of Chilton Town of Harrison, portion Town of Charlestown Town of Stockbridge Western portion of Town of Brothertown
New Holstein Utilities City of New Holstein Southern portion Town of Charlestown Eastern portion Town of Brothertown Majority of Town of New Holstein
Telephone
Calumet County is served by four telephone providers including Ameritech, Century Telephone, TDS, and Verizon. Service areas are as follows:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-49 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Ameritech City of Appleton City of Menasha Northern portion of Town of Harrison Northern portion of Town of Woodville
TDS Telecom Village of Sherwood Village of Stockbridge Town of Stockbridge Remaining portion of Town of Harrison Remaining portion of Town of Woodville
Verizon City of Brillion City of Chilton City of New Holstein City of Kiel Village of Potter Village of Hilbert Town of New Holstein Town of Brothertown Town of Charlestown Town of Stockbridge Portion of Town of Woodville Town of Rantoul Town of Chilton Southern portion Town of Brillion
US Cellular Town of New Holstein
Century Telephone Northeast corner Town of Brillion
Natural Gas
Calumet County is served by two primary providers of natural gas.
Wisconsin Public Service Town of Harrison, southern portion Town of Brothertown, portions City of New Holstein City of Brillion Town of Brillion Village of Potter City of Chilton
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-50 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Village of Stockbridge Village of Hilbert City of Kiel Town of Charlestown Town of Chilton Town of New Holstein Town of Rantoul Portion of Town of Woodville Town of Stockbridge
WE Energies Village of Sherwood Town of Harrison Portion of Town of Woodville
Unknown City of Menasha
Telecommunication
The following providers serve Calumet County:
Time Warner Cable TDS Telecom Charter Communications
Communication Towers
The siting of new wireless telecommunication towers is a growing issue in the State of Wisconsin. The need to construct additional towers is being driven by advancements in mobile telephone technology, additional demand for mobile telephone service, and increased numbers of service providers competing to supply that increased demand. The popularity of the handheld digital phone is the primary reason that more towers are needed. These phones require more towers to operate than the older cellular telephone. The expansion of digital service can also assist in the ability to access the internet by wireless modem.
During this period of digital service expansion, areas along major highways tend to be targeted first. Currently, Calumet County is home to 1221 cellular towers. Refer to the following map for their locations.
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-52 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 4-1 Community Facilities and Services
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-54 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 4-2 Emergency Services
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-56 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 4.12 Sanitary Sewer Service
Sewer Service Areas
There are a total of eight sewer service areas serving Calumet County.
Table 4-2 Sewer Service Areas, Calumet County, 20052011 Sewer Service Area Acres % of Total Brillion 1,678 13% Forest Junction 393 3% Sherwood 1,672 13% Stockbridge 780 6% Menasha (Calumet) 3,602 27% Appleton 2,028 15% Heart of the Valley 3,000 23% Total 13,153 100% Source: Calumet County Planning Department, 2011.
City of Appleton Wastewater Treatment Plant
In 1937 the original Appleton Sewerage Treatment Plant and Interceptor Sewer System was constructed. This plant provided primary treatment, which meant that the wastewater was only partially treated before discharge to the Fox River. In the 1960’s water quality surveys began to show the extent to which our natural waters were being polluted. Appleton led the way in combating this problem with the expansion of the treatment facilities in the mid-1960’s to include secondary treatment. The secondary treatment process enabled the city to process its wastewater more effectively while simultaneously ensuring that this treatment resulted in a cleaner discharge to the river.
In the 1970’s, the Appleton Wastewater Treatment Plant again began planning for necessary improvements to meet the requirements of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendment of 1972 that stated "discharge of pollutants into the navigable water (which include all natural streams and lakes) be eliminated by 1985".
Construction of the most recent phase of treatment expansion improvements began in 1990 and were completed in 1994. This latest endeavor has prepared Appleton for the future with greater efficiencies than ever before. It also enables the Appleton Wastewater Treatment Plant to grow with the community while continuing to effectively provide the best treatment services possible. This commitment was recognized when the plant was the recipient of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) 1999 First Place National Award in the Large Secondary Treatment Category.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-57 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Pretreatment Program Appleton has had a federally approved Pretreatment Program since October 5, 1984 when the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) granted the city authority to implement a program. This program, which is one of 26 Pretreatment Programs delegated by the WDNR, has 16 diverse industries that fall under its guidance. The need for industrial pretreatment is based on the fact that most municipal wastewater treatment plants are primarily designed to handle domestic (household) wastewater. Therefore, pretreatment regulations have been developed as a means to make industrial wastewater compatible with the treatment works. Currently, the industrial dischargers represent 24% (over one billion gallons) of the total annual flow that enters the sewer system leading to the wastewater treatment plant.
City of Brillion Wastewater Treatment Facility
In the Brillion area, sewer service is limited to the City of Brillion and Forest Junction. In the Town of Brillion, sewer service is limited to Forest Junction. Areas beyond this district, and the City of Brillion sewer service area, utilize individual on-site waste treatment systems. In 2000, the ECWRPC updated the sewer service area plans for both Forest Junction and the City of Brillion. The information provided in this section is from those plans.
Forest Junction Sewer Service Area The Forest Junction Utility District is the only entity in the Town of Brillion that provides public sewerage collection and treatment. The District was formed in 1977 by the town to address numerous problems with on-site system failures related to high groundwater and low soil permeability.
The Forest Junction Utility District wastewater treatment facility:
Is located in the northwestern portion of the town. Discharges into Plum Creek, a tributary of the Lower Fox River. Was originally constructed in 1980 with majority modifications occurring in 1982. Uses two stabilization lagoons with periodic agricultural sludge spreading. Has a current flow average of 26,700 gallons per day. Was designed for a maximum average design flow of 29,000 gallons per day. Periodically exceeds recommendations for flow, biological oxygen demand or total suspended soils.
The collection system for the Forest Junction Utility District comes mainly from eight-inch gravity sewers with several sections of four-inch gravity sewers in the mobile home park. A series of ten-inch collector sewers exist within the central portion of the district to transport waste to a lift station and then into a six-inch force main directed to the treatment plant. An additional lift station and four-inch force main exists along Church Street that allows for exiting and future gravity service in the northern portion of the district. No major problems exist with inflow and infiltration of clear water due to the relatively young age of the collection system. However, the district is planning to do some work in the near future to recondition manholes which have had some infiltration problems, which can affect the capacity and operation of the treatment plant. Currently there are no plans to improve or expand the service area.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-58 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Brillion Sewer Service Area The city’s wastewater treatment facility:
Is located on Washington Street in the southwestern portion of the city;
Was constructed in 1981 with several minor modifications occurring since its construction, and;
Uses an activated sludge treatment system to process raw sewerage followed with tertiary filtrations by sand filters.
Treated effluent is discharged into Black Creek, which flows into Spring Creek, a tributary of the Manitowoc River. As of June 2001, all sludge is aerobically digested and pumped into one of nine reed beds for further treatment. The capacity of the reed beds should allow for about ten years worth of sludge. The final disposal will be according to DNR guidelines. Industrial wastes from the Brillion Iron Works, Ariens, and Professional Plating, either receive some pre-treatment or are shipped to other locations for treatment. Although the city provides public sewer, there are several homes in outlying areas of the city that are still utilizing on-site septic systems.
The city’s existing wastewater collection system consists mainly of eight-inch gravity sewers with. These sewers lead to larger collectors (10-inch to 15-inch), which, in turn, feed into a series of 18-inch and 21-inch interceptors located in the central portion of the city. Wastewater is then pumped from the main lift station to a 14-inch force main for transport into a 21-inch interceptor that leads to the treatment plant. The main lift station was upgraded in 1995 with new, larger pumps and a new stand-by generator set. The city jet cleans 1/5 of the entire system each year.
Two lift stations within the system serve existing and future single -family residential subdivisions located in the southwestern portion of the city. Gravity sewers utilizing the lift station located near CTH PP will service future areas of undeveloped land in the southwestern portion of the city. Gravity sewers and the USH 10 lift station will serve lands in the northwestern portion of the service area. In 2002, a new upsized station replaced the lift station on USH 10. Additional lift stations may be needed to serve the area adjacent to CTH PP, north of Spring Creek and the area adjacent of Center Street, west of Glenview.
Waverly Sanitary District
The Waverly Sanitary District serves the northwestern portion of the Town of Harrison and a portion of the City of Menasha. There are currently four lift stations in the Waverly system. The backbone sanitary sewer system and water lines were installed along Lake Park Road and STH 114 in 2000 and 2001. Waverly’s system connects with the Town of Menasha Utility District at the Brighton-Beach lift station, where the wastewater is discharged to the Neenah-Menasha Sewerage Commission system.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-59 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Darboy Sanitary District
The Darboy Sanitary District encompasses the north central portion of the Town of Harrison. The district was formed in the early 1970s to deal with the problems of malfunctioning septic systems and problems with individual wells.
The sanitary sewer collection system for the district was put into operation in 1984. The system consists primarily of 8-inch PVC gravity sewer pipe. A larger gravity interceptor using 10, 12, and 15-inch pipes extends generally from south to north with a major sewer line under the Fox River, through Little Chute and Kaukauna to the Heart of the Valley Treatment Plant. There are no lift stations or force mains in the present system. Darboy’s main 15-inch interceptedor extends to a metering system in Combined Locks where the wastewater is discharged to the major sewer line under the Fox River.
According to the Town of Harrison Comprehensive Plan Update, 2004, the capacity of sewer lines in the district has been reached. Further development in the Darboy Sanitary District would need to wait for the construction of an additional sewer line under the Fox River to add capacity from the Heart of the Valley Treatment Facility. A Facility Study was completed in December 2003 detailing the needed improvements.
New Holstein Utilities
New Holstein Utilities is the locally owned and operated electric, water, water softener and wastewater utility, serving 2,553 customers in New Holstein and the surrounding area. New Holstein Utilities was founded more than 89 years ago, by the citizens of New Holstein. The community’s early founders voted to establish their own city-owned utility to provide light to its downtown area and to encourage economic development.
Treatment plant was built in 1972-73
City of Kiel
Kiel’s sanitary sewer system is a conventional gravity type with seven lift stations. It has an advanced treatment system that includes extended aeration Class A bio-solids system. The effluent from the system is discharged into the Sheboygan River. The current system covers the entire city and consists of collector sewers, force mains, interceptor sewers, etc. The collector and force mains are a variety of different sizes. According to the city’s 2002 comprehensive plan, the existing system is considered adequate and the city has no plans to upgrade it in the future.
Village of Sherwood Sewer Utility
The entire Village of Sherwood is serviced by sanitary sewer except for several isolated homes that currently use on-site systems. The village’s wastewater treatment facility was originally constructed in 1974 and received a major reconstruction in 1998. The treatment plant uses an oxidation ditch and the activated sludge process to treat sewerage. A reed bed system is used to provide bio-solids management while the existing lagoons are used for flow equalization.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-60 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Treated effluent is eventually discharged into a tributary of the North Branch Manitowoc River and Kankapot Creek.
The plant was designed for a maximum monthly design flow average of 728,000 gallons per day. The existing wastewater collection system for the village is comprised mainly of eight inch gravity sewers with some segments of 10 and 12-inch gravity lines. Four separate lift stations transport waste to the treatment plant.
The Sherwood Sewer Service Area Planning Area and Sewer Service Area includes the Village of Sherwood as well as portions of the adjacent Town of Harrison. With in the Town of Harrison, there are currently 2-3 customers.
Village of Hilbert
The existing Village of Hilbert wastewater treatment system was constructed in 1980 and was upgraded in 1996. Influent is pumped from a lift station to a screening and degritting process. Wastewater flows by gravity into a three ring oxidation ditch. Sludge is wasted to a sludge storage tank. Effluent passes a final clarification. Alum is added to the oxidation ditch for phosphorous removal. The plant is designed for an average daily flow of 326,000 gallons per day (gpd). Average plow is currently at 150,000 gpd.
In 2005, the Village of Hilbert installed a trailer mounted belt press and storage facility at the wastewater treatment facility. This belt press de-waters the sludge, which is stored until it can be land spread.
Menasha Sewer Utility
Operated by Menasha Public Works Department.
Town of Menasha Utility District
Provides sewage treatment to the City of Menasha from 9th Street to the north.
Potter Sanitary District
The Potter Sanitary District provides sewer service to the Village of Potter. The district’s boundaries are the same as the village boundaries. All new development in the village is required to be connected to service. The treatment system was built in 1969. The facility has a 40,000 gallons per day capacity and is currently being run at half capacity. Recent upgrades have been made to the treatment facility.
City of Chilton
The City of Chilton’s wastewater treatment plant has a design population of 4,000. A plant expansion was completed in 2000. Average annual design flow is 0.92 mgd with a peak design flow of 5.0 mgd. Annual averages include BOD loading at 2,400 lbs/day, TSS loading at 1,910 lbs./day, TKN loading at 190 lbs./day, NH 3 loading at 80 lbs/day, and P loading at 60 lbs./day.The City of Chilton’s wastewater treatment plant was originally constructed in 1940.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-61 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Since that time a few minor upgrades have taken place. The treatment plant has also undergone major upgrades in 1984, 2000 and the most recent in 2008. With the 2008 upgrade a third oxidation ditch was added to accommodate industrial growth in the city. The new plant is designed to the year 2027 and a population of 4,460. Part of the new treatment process was changed to include biological phosphorus removal. This means less chemicals being added to the system to remove the phosphorus. With a limit of one ppm, the new system meets and exceeds the permitted amount allowed to the receiving stream.
The design flow is 1.19 million gallons per day, with a peak flow of 5.0 million gallons per day. The annual design BOD5 is 3600 pounds per day. The TSS is 1685 pounds per day and the NH3N has a 268 pound per day design. The phosphorus has a design of 80 pounds per day.
Village of Stockbridge
The village’s wastewater treatment facility is located in the south central portion of the community, adjacent to Mud Creek. This facility was originally constructed in 1963 with a major upgrade occurring in 1979. The treatment plant uses an activated sludge treatment system to process raw sewage. The treated effluent is discharged into a tributary of Mud Creek with sludge stored on-site and eventually spread on agricultural lands.
The entire village is serviced with sanitary sewer with the exception of four to five existing houses. The existing wastewater collection system for the village is comprised of mainly eight- inch gravity sewers except for a short segment of 10-inch sewer which leads from two interceptors into the treatment plant.
The Utility Commission is working on an upgrade of the plant as it has a capacity of 60,000 gallons per day (gpd) and is treating 30,000 to 40,000 gpd. Plans have been made to increase the capacity to 120,000 gpd.
In the summer of 2006 the Town of Stockbridge, Village of Stockbridge and the East Central Wisconsin Regional Plan Commission met regarding the possibility of extending sewer and water to a portion of the town along the lake north of the village. Following the initial planning meeting, there was a public meeting. At that public meeting there was not a lot of support for extending the sewer north of the village (primarily due to cost implications). Due to lack of support from the residents that were to be part of the proposed sanitary district and the Village of Stockbridge, public sewer and water is not being pursued at the present time.
4.13 Private On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems (POWTS)
All areas not served by municipal sewer depend upon Private On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems (POWTS), commonly know as septic systems. The Wisconsin Department of Commerce (DOC) and Wisconsin Counties are jointly responsible for the regulation and monitoring of POWTS. In July of 2000 the DOC completed major revisions to the state Plumbing Code (Comm 83) with the intent of allowing the use of more diverse technology in the design of POWTS.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-62 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 There are several different types of septic systems in use in Wisconsin, all of which have varying natural soil requirements, and all of which can be found in Calumet County. The most common installations are as follows.
Conventional septic tank and soil absorption cell systems have the most stringent soil requirements in that nearly five feet of permeable soil is required for installation. This system consists of a septic tank that collects all wastewater from the home. There are baffles in the tank that facilitate the settling of solids to the bottom of the tank, while the partially treated liquid effluent leaves the outlet of the tank and is further treated by natural soil beneath the absorption area. Three feet of suitable soil is needed to treat the effluent, and because the system is completely located below the surface, hence the need for a minimum of five feet of permeable soil. Typically these systems have the least amount of components and function by gravity.
In-ground pressure distribution systems are only partially similar to conventional systems in that although they are completely sub-surface, they are never gravity activated other than the sewer line from the house to the tank. Again, there is a septic tank component where solids settle to the bottom. Instead of the effluent from the outlet going directly into the absorption area, it is staged in a pumping chamber until a certain liquid level is attained. At that time it is discharged by a pump through a small diameter force-main, into even smaller diameter (typically 1–2") distribution pipes. Pressurization benefits the long term performance and life of the absorption area because the effluent is distributed evenly throughout, and afterward the system is allowed to "rest" until the next pumping event. In-ground pressure distribution systems also require approximately five feet of suitable soil.
The Mound system is one that many people are familiar with. It is mechanically identical to the in-ground pressure, but is located above the existing grade. This is because where these systems are sited have very impermeable or "heavy" soils which don’t accept large amounts of septic effluent. To make up for this lack of permeability, sand is placed above the grade, and then the distribution pipes (on a stone bedding) are laid out. By the time the effluent moves vertically through the sand and natural soil, it is treated sufficiently enough to discharge into the marginal soil below. Mound systems make it possible to treat effluent on soils with as little as 12" of permeability. Contemporary mounds are installed with narrower dimensions than had been in the past. These narrower – but lengthened – cells can be landscaped, and no longer require the large white observation pipes to be above grade as in the past.
The relatively new system-at-grade is identical to the mound, except that there is no sand fill. Instead, the surface of the ground is broken up by plowing, and then the stone bedding and pipes are installed directly on the ground. Because there is no sand involved, soil requirements are greater for this system, but are still less than those for in-ground systems: three feet of permeable soil.
Finally, for sites that have less than 12" of permeable soil, or where there simply is no room for a treatment system, a holding tank might be an alternative. A holding tank is not any type of treatment system, but is a storage vessel for wastewater. These tanks – typically 2,000 to 5,000 gallon capacity – have to be emptied by a licensed septage hauler when full. This can be both a nuisance and a significant long-term expense to the homeowner. Because of illegal pumping
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-63 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 activities that have been experienced state-wide, Calumet County does not allow holding tanks for new construction except in limited circumstances.
The following communities strictly rely on POWTS for sanitary sewage treatment:
Town of Woodville Town of Rantoul Town of Chilton Town of Stockbridge Town of New Holstein
Town of Charlestown Currently there are two subdivisions near the City of Chilton which may test their wells and their sanitary systems to determine if they are safe and functioning properly. If the wells are found to be unsafe, and the private sewerage systems failing, the subdivisions will need to connect to the City of Chilton municipal sewer and water.
Town of Brothertown Six residents north of Artesian Road are on sanitary sewer (from the south, out of Fond du Lac County). The remainder of the Town does not have sewer service available to them.
4.14 Public Water Supply
City of Appleton Water Treatment Facility
The City of Appleton recently completed construction of a new 24 million gallon per day (MGD) lime softening Water Treatment Facility. The facility was built to accommodate the growth of the community and to meet the new water regulations mandated by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) beginning in the year 2002. The new facility features pretreatment with potassium permanganate and powdered activated carbon, lime softening, granular activated carbon contactors and ultra filtration membranes. It is currently the largest ultra filtration membrane surface water supply in the United States.
According to the Water Department’s 2002 Public Service Commission Annual Report, the Appleton water system serves approximately 23,500 residential customers, 1,600 commercial, and 90 industrial customers. Water is also sold to Grand Chute as well as the Waverly Sanitary District. All water for the department is from Lake Winnebago. The city has the following five water storage facilities:
1964 elevated tank, 2,000,000 gallon capacity 1988 elevated tank, 1,000,000 gallon capacity 1951 elevated tank, 500,000 gallon capacity 1986 elevated tank, 300,000 gallon capacity 2001 elevated tank, 3,000,000 gallon capacity
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-64 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Brillion Municipal Water Utility
The utility was originally organized in 1921. The city contracts with Midwest Contract Operations, Inc. to provide management, supervision, and certified personnel necessary to operate and maintain the city’s water utility. The utility provides metered sales to approximately 1,040 residential customers, 104 commercial, and 20 industrial customers. Groundwater is the sole source of water for the utility. There are currently three wells in service ranging in depth from 178 to 800 feet. The city has two water storage facilities including an elevated tank built in 1966 with a capacity of 150,000 gallons and another elevated tank built in 1966 with a 200,000- gallon capacity. The city has approximately 102,000 feet of water main, the majority of which 6 inched in diameter. There are also approximately 175 hydrants in the city.
Menasha Utilities
Menasha Utilities provides water service to the majority of residents in the City of Menasha (9th Street and south). The utility was organized in 1905. The utility has approximately 4,730 residential, 212 commercial, and 34 industrial customers. The utility’s water supply source is taken from Lake Winnebago, filtered, and treated at the Water Filtration Plant located on Manitowoc Street, and distributed to customers through the water distribution system. The utility has six water storage facilities including the following:
1947 reservoir, 500,000 gallon capacity 1967 reservoir, 100,000 gallon capacity 1988 reservoir, 3,000,000 gallon capacity 1927 reservoir, 200,000 gallon capacity 1967 elevated tank, 750,000 gallon capacity 1929 elevated tank, 500,000 gallon capacity
The utility has approximately 325,400 feet of water main, the majority of which is 6 inch in diameter. The utility also has 380 hydrants.
New Holstein Utilities
New Holstein Utilities is the locally owned and operated electric, water, water softener and wastewater utility, serving 2,553 customers in New Holstein and the surrounding area. New Holstein Utilities was founded more than 89 years ago – by the citizens of New Holstein. The community’s early founders voted to establish their own city-owned utility to provide light to its downtown area and to encourage economic development.
The utility was organized in 1912. The water utility has approximately 1,200 residential, 100 commercial, and 8 industrial customers. The sole source of water for the utility is groundwater. The utility has three wells and five water storage facilities including the following:
1924 reservoir, 65,000 gallon capacity 2007 elevated tank, 200,000 gallon capacity 1948 reservoir, 100,000 gallon capacity 1971 elevated tank, 250,000 gallon capacity
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-65 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 1975 reservoir, 200,000 gallon capacity
The utility has approximately 131,000 feet of water main, the majority of which 8 inch or 6 inch in diameter. The utility also has 217 hydrants.
Chilton Municipal Water Utility
The utility was organized in 1919. The utility serves approximately 1,280 residential, 181 commercial, and 39 industrial customers. The sole source of water for the utility is groundwater via three active wells ranging in depth from 180 to 280 feet. The water supply is obtained from the Silurian Dolomite Aquifer. The city has four water storage facilities including the following:
1969 elevated tank, 200,000 gallon capacity 1978 elevated tank, 300,000 gallon capacity 1979 reservoir, 500,000 gallon capacity
The utility has approximately 149,250 feet of water main, the majority of which is six inch in diameter followed by 8 inch. The utility also has approximately 230 fire hydrants.
In 2000 the City of Chilton completed a water system evaluation and plan. The evaluation concluded that the City of Chilton water system is expected to expand. The system will be extended to serve both new development and existing developments that are currently served by private wells. A comprehensive evaluation of the water system facilities was conducted to identify an improvement plan. The plan includes improvements that should be implemented to meet the current and future needs of the community.
The city has completed development of a new well site, Well #10, located approximately 1.5 miles east of the city limits in the Town of Charlestown. The new well has a capacity of approximately 500 gpm. Raw water will be pumped to the Well #8 pump house for treatment. The Chilton Municipal Water Utility, organized in 1919, provides water service to approximately 1,347 residential, 219 commercial and 30 industrial customers. The sole source of water for the utility is groundwater via three high capacity wells ranging in depth from 180 to 280 feet. The water supply is pumped from the Silurian Dolomite Aquifer.
The utility softens all the water supplied to the customers of Chilton. The water is treated with high efficiency ion exchange softeners completely updated in 2010.
The utility has three water storage facilities: 1969 elevated tank, 200,000 gallon capacity 1978 elevated tank, 300,000 gallon capacity 1979 reservoir, 500,000 gallon capacity
The distribution system contains approximately 150,000 feet of water mains, the majority of which is 6 ince and 8 inch. The system also has approximately 285 fire hydrants.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-66 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Darboy Joint Sanitary District No. 1
The water system for the Darboy Sanitary District was put into operation in 1984. The district has approximately 3,325 residential and 120 commercial water utility customers. Approximately 75% of the utility’s water supply is from groundwater while the remaining 25% is purchased from the Village of Kimberly. The utility currently has three wells in service and two water storage facilities. One water storage facility is a reservoir that was built in 1995 with a 500,000- gallon capacity. The other facility is an elevated tank that was constructed in 1996 with a 300,000-gallon capacity. The utility has approximately 341,000 feet of water main, the majority of which is plastic and 8 inch in diameter. The utility also has approximately 677 hydrants. To support easterly growth, the sanitary district anticipates the construction of a new east side water tower (300,000 gallons) in approximately 2008.
Hilbert Municipal Water Utility
The utility was organized in 1941. The utility has approximately 409 residential, 79 commercial, and 3 industrial customers. The sole source of water for the utility is groundwater. The utility currently has two active wells. Water storage facilities include a new tower built in 2004 with a 200,000-gallon capacity and a reservoir built in 1940 with a capacity of 83,000 gallons. The utility has approximately 53,600 feet of water main, the majority of which is 6 inch in diameter. The utility also has 74 hydrants. The village has a wellhead protection plan in place.
City of Kiel Utilities
The utility was organized in 1905. The utility provides water to approximately 1,330 residential, 118 commercial, and 10 industrial customers. The sole source of water for the utility is groundwater, specifically the Silurian-Dolomite aquifer. The utility has three active wells and two water storage facilities. One facility is an elevated tank built in 1971 with a 200,000-gallon capacity and the other is an elevated tank built in 1986 with a 200,000 gallon capacity. The utility has approximately 143,700 feet of water main, the majority of which is 6 inch or 12 inch in diameter. The utility also has 270 hydrants.
Village of Sherwood Water Utility
The utility was organized in 1974. The primary water source for the Village of Sherwood is an interconnection to the City of Appleton, which began on July 1, 2010. The village maintains one well as an emergency back-up water source. The utility has approximately 9501002 residential, and 42 commercial customers, and 11 public authority customers. The sole source of water for the utility is from groundwater. The utility has two wells and two operating storage facilities. Water storage facilities include a 1975 standpipe with a 100,000-gallon capacity, a 1992 reservoir with a 20,500-gallon capacity, and a 2000 elevated storage tank with a 200,000 gallon capacity, and a 305,000 gallon Harvestore storage tank installed in 2009. The utility has approximately 118,99397,000 feet of water main in the village, the majority of which is plastic and 6 and 8 inches in diameter. Outside Sherwood, there are approximately 19,307 feet of water main, the majority being 12 inches in diameter. The utility also has 194262 hydrants.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-67 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Village of Stockbridge Water Utility
The utility was organized in 1996. MCO located in Menasha provides the utility with management and certified personnel to operate and maintain the system. The utility has approximately 294 residential, 28 commercial, and 2 industrial customers. The sole source of water for the utility is groundwater. The utility has two active wells and two water storage facilities. Water storage facilities include a 1995 standpipe with a 150,000-gallon capacity and a 1995 reservoir with a 44,000-gallon capacity. The utility has approximately 54,000 feet of water main and 88 hydrants.
Other than routine maintenance, no improvements or upgrades are anticipated to be needed in the next five to ten years. The village has a wellhead protection plan and ordinance. It identifies existing features that may potentially cause contamination, and contains actions to address them.
Waverly Sanitary District
The utility was organized in 1972. In 2002 the district built a new office and shop facility. The district provides water to approximately 1,145 residential, 38 commercial, and two residential customers. All of the district’s water is purchased from the City of Appleton. The district therefore has no pumping stations, wells, or water storage facilities. The district does have approximately 157,620 feet of water main and 324 hydrants. The district connects to the City of Appleton system on Midway Road, approximately 450 feet west of Southfield Drive. The district is currently evaluation options for a second connection to the Appleton system.
Town of Brillion
Forest Junction, and the City of Brillion are the only portions of the town served by a municipal water system. The remainder of the town is not served by a public water system. The source of water for residents outside Forest Junction and the City of Brillion is private on-site wells.
Private Wells
The following communities rely entirely on private wells for water service.
Village of Potter Town of Woodville Town of Brothertown Town of Rantoul Town of Chilton Town of Stockbridge Town of New Holstein Town of Charlestown
The City of Chilton has developed a new well site, Well #10, located approximately 1.5 miles east of the city limits in the Town of Charlestown. A well head protection plan was adopted in the summer of 2004. The new well has a capacity of approximately 500 gpm and a pump station. Raw water will be pumped to the Well #8 pump house for treatment.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-68 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 4.15 Stormwater Management
Calumet County has adopted a Post-Construction Stormwater Management and Erosion Control StandardsOrdinance, Chapter 10, Article III of the Calumet County Code of OrdinancesSection 115 of the County Subdivision Ordinance. The ordinance requires that certain construction sites obtain a stormwater management permit from Calumet County prior to construction. Each permitted construction site must develop a stormwater management plan demonstrating that best management practices (BMPs) such as wet detention basins, grassed swales and bioretention facilities will be designed, installed and maintained to handle the stormwater generated from the additional impervious surfaces. BMPs must reduce the amount of total suspended solids in the stormwater, protect groundwater, control peak discharge and infiltrate runoff.The intent of the standards is to protect property and structures from damage caused by increased rate of surface water runoff resulting from land development activities in the unincorporated areas of Calumet County. The standards apply to all major subdivisions and only those minor subdivisions where Planning Department personnel determine that the proposed development will have a significant impact on the environment. The standard requires that post-development peak flow rates must not be any greater than the pre-development peak flow during a 24-hour, 2-year, and 100-year storm event.
Calumet County Zoning Ordinance Section 7.09, which establishes a Surface Water Drainageway Overly District (SWDD), provides another measure in stormwater management. The purpose of the district is to preserve and protect surface water drainageways from any alteration that would affect water quality, flood storage, and the flow capacity of the drainageways.
City of Appleton The City of Appleton is served by an extensive system of storm sewers. The city has traditionally collected and transported stormwater from residential, commercial and industrial areas to the Fox River. As the city grew, areas further and further away from the Fox River were developed requiring longer and larger storm sewers. It became more cost-effective to route these flows Stormwater drainage to creeks tributary to the Fox River. On the north side of the city, stormwater was routed to Apple Creek. On the southeast side of the city, stormwater was routed to Garners Creek.
The city has been televising storm sewers on a regular basis since the mid-1980’s, and currently televises approximately thirty miles of storm sewer each year. The city also performs an annual visual inspection of all manholes and storm sewer inlets in streets prior to street paving. To remove pollutants from city streets, the City of Appleton has been utilizing street sweepers for many years. The city has also chosen to construct ponds to collect the stormwater runoff from lands being developed. In some cases, individual ponds are constructed for each development project. In other cases, a regional pond is constructed to serve several projects. The city has also formed a stormwater utility.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-69 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 City of Brillion The city has a Stormwater Drainage Facilities Code (Sec. 86-169) that requires developers to obtain permits and provide drainage facilities adequate to serve development. These facilities may include curb and gutter, catch basins and inlets, storm sewers, road ditches, open channels, water retention structures and settling basins. Under the code, culverts must be designed to accommodate the ten-year storm and shall be sized so that the 25-year storms do not cause flooding of the adjacent roadway. Stormwater swales and ditches may be sized for from 25-year to 100-year frequency storms, depending upon the estimated amount of damage that would be incurred by adjacent properties if flooding did occur. City staff is currently reviewing the Stormwater Drainage Facilities Code and may recommend modifications to better protect the city. The city budgets approximately $10,000 per year for stormwater system maintenance and minor repairs as part of the operating budget.
City of Chilton The majority of the city is served by the municipal stormwater systemfacilities. The system consists of curb and gutter, manholes, inlets of various pipe sizes along with open ditches, culverts, and open channels sized adequate for the area. The city has also created a stormwater plan policy for new development which collect stormwater runoff in detention ponds. The city has recently constructed a regional detention pond that collects the runoff in the Chilton Business Park. The city sweeps streets monthly and cleans all manholes and inlets in the fall to remove pollutants before entering the waterways.
City of Kiel The city is provided with a storm water sewer system. The present system of curbed streets and sewer drainage was developed by the gradual extension of the major drainage systems in the city. There haven’t been any drainage problems within the city indicating that the existing system is adequate at this time. There are no plans to improve the storm sewer system in the near future, but the city will continue to monitor areas that may be more susceptible to flooding.
City of Menasha The vast majority of the City of Menasha includes stormwater sewers for stormwater management. The City of Menasha is subject to the requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Storm Water Phase II Regulations. The city is required to obtain a discharge permit for stormwater through the WDNR.
City of New Holstein No information available.
Village of Hilbert The village constructed a detention pond in 2004 to assist in control of stormwater in a new sub- division in the village.
Village of Potter Curb and gutter is provided in the village on Main and Central Streets and limited curb and gutter are provided on remaining streets. Calumet County provides street sweeping on curb and gutter streets once per year.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-70 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Village of Sherwood The village has several stormwater management plans. In 2005 there are plans for a detention basin, Meadowcliff Pond project.
Golf Course Road Storm Water Study At the request of the village, McMahon Associates, Inc. recently conducted a storm water study within the Golf Course Road area. The approximate study area boundaries are Pigeon Road to the west, Village’s corporate limits to the north, Stommel Road to the east, and State Park Road to the south. The study was completed in June 2003.
Village of Stockbridge Much of the stormwater in the portion of the village along USH 55 drains into a creek. While streams flow hard in storms, they have done an adequate job in carrying stormwater away from developed areas. There are some areas of the village which experience problems due to stormwater.
Town of Brillion Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town. The town has experienced flooding and adverse stormwater runoff in certain areas of the town. Forest Junction, in particular, has had stormwater problems. It is believed the problems are associated with poor ditch maintenance and filling by some residents.
Town of Brothertown Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town. The town experiences flooding problems during periods of heavy rain on Lakeshore Drive and Harbor Drive.
Town of Charlestown Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town.
The only area of the town which consistently experiences spring flooding is near W849 Aebischer Road in the northeast corner of a wetland known locally as the “Aebischer Swamp”.
Town of Chilton Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town.
Town of Harrison Except for a triangular piece of land near the intersection of CTH AP and Lake Park Road, the entire portion of the town west of Lake Park Road have been zoned as Surface Water Drainageway Overlay District.
A substantial part of the Garner’s Creek drainage basin is located in what is now, or may become, a rapidly developing part of the Fox Cities Area. Recognizing the need to develop a comprehensive stormwater management plan to address existing stormwater problems, and to avoid the creation of new problems as development proceeds, the Garner’s Creek communities
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-71 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 contracted with a consultant to complete a comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan for developing areas in the Garner’s Creek drainage basin. The southern part of the Garner’s Creek drainage basin lies within the Town of Harrison.
Town of New Holstein Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town.
Limited flooding occurs at the northwest edge of the City of New Holstein. The flooding has caused crop damage. It appears the flooding is due to the City of New Holstein channeling stormwater into the town.
Town of Rantoul Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town.
Town of Stockbridge Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town.
The town has experienced some flooding problems along Fairy Springs Road, Rockland Beach Road, and Mayflower Lane. On steep slopes the town installs rip-rap to control erosion.
Town of Woodville Ditches, culverts, and local topography are the primary stormwater management tools for the town.
4.16 Health Care Facilities
Major medical facilities found in and surrounding Calumet County include:
Calumet County Homestead Rehabilitation Center, New Holstein Appleton Medical Center, Appleton Bellin Hospital, Green Bay Calumet Medical Center, Chilton St. Elizabeth Hospital - Rehabilitation, Menasha St. Elizabeth Hospital, Appleton St. Nicholas Hospital, Sheboygan St. Vincent Hospital, Green BayAppleton Medical Center, Appleton Thedacare, AppletonTheda Clark Medical Center, Neenah Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Appleton
Calumet Homestead CareRehabilitation Center
This facility is county owned and operated and is located at 1712 Monroe Street in New Holstein. The facility is licensed by the State of Wisconsin as a 10190-bed skilled nursing facility and provides nursing care at the intensive skilled, skilled, and intermediate levels. The
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-72 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 entire facility is Medicare certified. A multidisciplinary approach is used for the management of medically complex conditions. Physical, occupational and speech therapy are offered onsite to residents and outpatients. Short-term stays are available for rehabilitation or respite care. A 12- bed secure unit is dedicated to the care of residents with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The specially trained staff of this unit works closely with each resident to provide activities and programs to manage behaviors and changing needs. Hospice and end of life care is also available.
Stanton Place, City of Chilton
The Housing Authority of the City of Chilton owns and operates Stanton Place, an independent living center for the elderly. Stanton Place is a single-story, 32-unit apartment building providing independent living for the elderly. This complex was constructed in 1983. Three of the apartments are designed especially for use by handicapped residents.
Willowdale Nursing and Rehabilitation Center, New Holstein
There are a total of 5049 beds at this facility. A variety of services are provided including physical and occupational therapy, speech and language pathology, nursing, and mental health services.
Willowpark Residence Assisted Living Facility, New Holstein
There are a total of 45 rooms at this facility. The residence provides alternative living for the adult active senior. Twenty-four hour caring staff is available to assist residents.
4.17 Day Care Facilities
According to the State of the Region Report, 2003, from the East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Calumet County has 18 county regulated childcare providers, 20 state licensed facilities, three nursery/preschool programs, and three school-age programs.
Commercial day care facilities and licensed facilities found in Calumet County include:
The Children’s Center, Chilton
Propson Day Care, Chilton
Trinity Lutheran Day Care, Hilbert
Shelly’s Growing Years, Stockbridge
St. Peter’s Lutheran Early Child Care, Hilbert
Kiel Cooperative Pre-School, Kiel
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-73 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Circle of Friends Child Learning Center, can accommodate 84 children, six weeks of age and older, City of Brillion
Christ the Rock Church, Town of Harrison
Kid’s Land, Town of Harrison
The Outer Limits Youth Outreach, located in the former elementary school in Forest Junction, offers activities and tutoring three evenings a week to children in grades 3 through 8.
The Town of Brothertown has one day care facility. It is Sunshine Days Day Care at N2768 Lakeshore Drive (operated by Tim Tasch).
One day care operation exists in the Town of Rantoul. Day care is available at Trinity Lutheran at N6081 West River Road in the Town.
There are two private, in-home day care operations in the Town of Chilton: The Jim Kolbe home at the intersection of State Road and Olivian Road, and, the John Horst residence on State Highway 57.
Note: Due to the extensive number of facilities located in the Cities of Menasha and Appleton they are not listed.
Day Child Care Information from Calumet
According to the Calumet County Health and Human Services Department, Calumet County has three county regulated child care providers. The Calumet County certified licensed child care provides are: Patricia Pyne, Town of Harrison; Nicole Winkers, Town of Woodville, and; Jennifer Bolz, Town of Harrison.
According to the Wisconsin Department of Health and Family ServicesChildren and Families, there are approximately 32 state licensed day child care providers in Calumet County. Facilities are as detailed in the following table.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-74 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 4-3 Day Child Care Facilities, Calumet County
Child Care Facilities with a Capacity Greater Than 20 Children Facility Name Street City Capacity Chatterbox Child Learning Center Inc. 1110 Fremont St Kiel 35 Circle of Friends Learing Center LLC. 333 W National Ave Brillion 84 Circle of Friends Learing Center LLC. 1180 Province Ter Menasha 110 Happy Hour Nursery School 44 W Washington St Chilton 13 Inspire Dreams Learning Center 453 E Brooklyn St Chilton 95 Kidzland 2 LTD W5483 Hwy KK Appleton 90 Kidzland LTD W6127 Lorna Ln Appleton 63 Little Inspirations Childcare Center 740 Lake Park Rd Menasha 85 Shelly's Growing Years Child Care 203 N Military Rd Stockbridge 30 YMCA School Age Care - Janet Berry 3601 S. Telulah Ave Appleton 60 YMCA School Age Care - McKinley 1125 E. Taft Appleton 34 YMCA School Age Care - Sunrise N9301 Cty N Appleton 32 YMCA School Age Care - Woodland N9085 N Coop Rd Appleton 60
Child Care Facilities with a Capacity Less Than 20 Children Facility Name Street City Capacity Angel Corner Daycare 30 Welcome Circle Appleton 8 Care A Lot Child Care N9651 Clover Ridge Trail Appleton 8 Bunnies and Bears Day Care 2600 S Greenview St Appleton 8 Eternal Love Lutheran Preschool 1011 E Midway Rd Appleton 16 Imagine Family Child Care N9665 Handel Dr Appleton 8 Joyful Noise FCC 118 E Hoover Ave Appleton 8 Karen's House 611 S Madison St Chilton 8 Kiddie Korner Family Day Care W5297 Hwy 114 Menasha 8 Little Peeps In-Home Child Care 27 Welcome Cir Appleton 8 Mai's Love & Care 2625 Wheatfield Ct Appleton 8 M.T. Nest Family Home Child Care 1120 E Layton Ave Appleton 8 One Room School House N4423 Olivia Ct Chilton 8 Park and Play Family Day Care 515 Park St Chilton 8 Robin's Nest Day Care 126 Robin Ave Chilton 8 Sunshine Days Child Care N2768 Lake Shore Dr Chilton 8 The Children's School 415 E Hoover Ave Appleton 12 Tracy's Tiny Tots W5741 Skippers Ln Appleton 8 Turtle and Friends Day Care W4826 Guernsey Dr Sherwood 8 Winkers Family Daycare W3219 Dundas Rd Kaukauna 8 Source: Wisconsin Department of Health and Family ServicesChildren & Families, April 2004October 2011.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-75 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 4.18 Utilities and Community Facilities Programs
The following are utility and community facility programs, agencies, and activities that are currently in use or available for use in Calumet County. The following can be used to gather further information about utilities and community facilities and to assist in implementation of goals.
State Programs
Community Development Block Grant for Public Facilities (CDBG-PF) The Wisconsin CDBG Public Facilities Program is designed to assist economically distressed smaller communities with public facility improvements. Eligible activities include, but are not limited to, publicly-owned utility system improvements, streets, sidewalks, community centers. Federal grant funds are available annually. The maximum grant for any single applicant is $750,000. Grants are only available up to the amount that is adequately justified and documented with engineering or vendor estimates. For further information contact the Wisconsin Department of Commerce, Division of Community Development.
Tax Incremental Financing (TIF) TIF can help a municipality undertake a public project to stimulate beneficial development or redevelopment that would not otherwise occur. It is a mechanism for financing local economic development project in underdeveloped and blighted areas. Taxes generated by the increased property values pay for land acquisition or needed public works. The Wisconsin Department of Commerce or the Wisconsin Department of Revenue should be contacted for further information.
Rural Community Assistance Program The Rural Community Assistance Program (RCAP) is administered by the Wisconsin Community Action Program Association (WISCAP) to assure safe drinking water and sanitary waste disposal for low- and moderate-income rural Wisconsin communities. The Wisconsin RCAP provides comprehensive services and technical assistance to small, low- to moderate- income rural communities from problem-identification through implementation of acceptable, affordable solutions. RCAP services enable community staff to develop capacity to implement water, wastewater and solid waste projects and assists the community in coordinating efforts with consultants and government agencies. For further information contact WISCAP.
Clean Water Fund Program Funds are available to protect water quality by correcting existing wastewater treatment and urban storm water problems and preventing future problems as per s. 281.58 and 281.59, Wis. Stats. Cities, towns, villages, counties, town sanitary districts, public inland lake protection and rehabilitation districts, metropolitan sewerage districts, and federally-recognized tribal governments are eligible to apply. Eligible projects include construction of treatment works, sewer systems and interceptors necessary to prevent violation of discharge permits, meet new or changed discharge limits, correct water quality or human health problems in unsewered areas, or projects for the treatment of urban storm water runoff. Low interest loans are available for planning, design and construction of wastewater treatment projects and urban storm water runoff
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-76 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 projects approved by the department. For further information contact the WDNR, Bureau of Community Financial Assistance.
Municipal Flood Control Grant Program Provide 70% cost-sharing grants to cities, villages, towns and metropolitan sewerage districts to acquire or flood-proof structures, purchase easements, restore riparian areas, or construct flood control structures. Applications would be ranked based on avoided flood damages, restoration or protection of natural and beneficial functions of water bodies, use of natural flood storage techniques or environmentally sensitive detention ponds and enhanced recreational opportunities. For further information contact the WDNR.
Regional Programs
Assessing Telecommunication Infrastructure in Northeast Wisconsin In 2006 the Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission and East Central Regional Planning Commission were funded to complete a study of an 18 county region for telecommunication infrastructure. The study is designed to identify the gaps where technology infrastructure is unavailable or insufficient to support the needs of current and future companies. The study will identify providers of telecommunications, map these resources, identify local services and pricing, assess the competitive environment and customer satisfaction, and provide comparative analysis. For further information either planning commission can be contacted.
4.19 Utilities, Community Facilities, and Services Trends and Outlook
National projections prepared by the Federal Aviation Administration indicate that the number of passenger enplanements and aircraft operations are expected to double from their current levels by the year 2015 at all levels of airport classifications. This demand could have significant impact locally with the New Holstein airport. Schools and school districts will continue to seek new ways to share services and reduce expenses in order to deal with continued declining enrollment. The trend for solid waste and recycling coordination and regionalization will continue in the face of higher disposal costs. Increased public interest in more county coordinated Clean Sweep collections for hazardous waste materials. Local government budget constraints will drive the need for intergovernmental cooperation for services and programs. County POWTS programs will has expanded due to additional state requirements to inventory and monitor the maintenance of all POWTS within their jurisdiction. Increased development in rural areas may create the need for increased public service allocations such as police and fire protection. Infrastructure planning and growth coordination will be primary in development considerations as “cost effectiveness determinations” will drive planned growth infrastructure improvements and the corresponding location of development.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 4-77 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 5. Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources
Calumet County has abundant natural, cultural, and agricultural resources. These resources are highly valued assets touching every segment of life; drinking water and surface water, safe air to breathe, healthy habitats for terrestrial and aquatic species, forests, open spaces, fertile soils, wetlands, and a list of additional items too numerous to mention. The resource base also includes the parks, trails, scenic areas, Niagara Escarpment, and other outdoor places people rely on for recreation and connection to the natural environment. One could argue that people are as much a natural resource as water. Nowhere is the impact of resource management felt more than in the growth management process where all resource issues, both human and natural, must be balanced in view of economic growth and environmental preservation.
While Wisconsin’s natural resources benefit each community, they are also susceptible to internal and external forces. For example, the increasing human demands of a growing state population increase consumption of water, land, and raw materials. Our natural resources generally do not increase to meet this extra demand. Additionally, unplanned or poorly planned development patterns in the last several decades are often the result of a demand for “healthy country living”, which is transforming our rural landscapes. This rural migration along with the expansion of the urban fringe, forces local governments to consider expanding their services to meet the demands – sometimes costing more than will be recovered in new tax base revenues.
There are many state and some federal regulations designated to protect Wisconsin’s natural resources. Some state laws, including those for floodplains, shorelands, and wetlands, establish minimum use and protection standards that must be adopted and administered by local governments. But not all natural resources are protected by state law. Local governments throughout the state have the flexibility to plan for and develop their own local ordinances to deal with the unique land use issues and conflicts in their communities and to protect the natural resources they value most. As population growth, land consumption, and technological improvements continue, communities need to take on the additional role of stewards and protectors of these resources.
The levels of resource protection, the density of new development, and the services that support new growth pose questions that ultimately impact the resource base. Land development patterns are directly linked to the natural, agricultural, and cultural resource bases of each community. Therefore, these features need to be considered before making any decisions concerning future development within a community. Development must be carefully adjusted to coincide with the ability of the agricultural, natural, and cultural resource base to support the various forms of urban and rural development. This balance must be maintained to prevent the deterioration of that underlying and sustaining base, because these resources make each community unique. These features promote civic pride and often create a sense of place.
The following sections discuss in more detail those features that impact the natural and cultural environment of Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 5.1 Soils
The use and management of soil has many impacts on the communities within Calumet County. Soil forms the foundation that all other ecosystems depend upon – plant life, wildlife, streams, wetlands, and lakes. Soils may also pose limitations to land use in activities such as agricultural production, forestry, building development, and road construction.
Calumet County is located at the convergence of several major habitat types. The county contains three different ecological landscapes as defined by the WDNR. Calumet County is located in a tension zone. The tension zone separates the mixed conifer-hardwood forests of the north from the prairie/savanna/hardwood forests of the south. Many plant and animal species occupy ranges roughly delineated by the tension zone. The following ecological landscapes are found in Calumet County and partially dictate soils found in the county.
Northern Lake Michigan Coastal Covering only a small portion of northern Calumet County, primarily the Town of Harrison, this area is influenced by the Lake Michigan climate and contains gently rolling to flat topography with clay and loam soils. Land cover in this landscape is now dominated by agriculture, but urbanization is increasing dramatically, particularly for the Town of Harrison.
Central Lake Michigan Coastal Covering northeast and much of central Calumet County, this area is also influenced by the Lake Michigan climate and is characterized by generally flat topography with clay and silt loam soils. Land cover is primarily urban and agricultural.
Southeast Glacial Plains Covering south and southwest Calumet County this area is characterized by gently rolling to flat topography with clay or silt loam textured soils on till plain. Land cover is primarily urban and agricultural.
A soil survey for the county was completed by the United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. There are seven major soil associations found in Calumet County. These soil associations are composed of multiple soil types that are grouped into associations that can be used to compare the suitability of large areas for general land uses. Soil associations are groupings of soils that share a distinctive pattern of soils, relief, and drainage.
Kewaunee-Manawa-Poygan
These soils are the most dominant in Calumet County. These soils were formed from glacial till and are nearly level to sloping, well drained to poorly drained, and have a dominantly clayey subsoil and substratum. Suitability for cropland is partially dependent upon soils found in Calumet County
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 These soils are well suited to cropland, however many areas require surface drainage and/or subsurface drainage to produce high yields. Controlling water erosion, improving drainage, and maintaining tillage and fertility are the major management concerns. These soils are not well suited to development. Roads are subject to frost heaving during winter months. Percolation rates are slow and many areas are saturated with water at less than five feet during wet periods causing severe limitations for septic tank absorption fields.
Hochheim-Larmartine-Mayville
These soils were also formed from glacial till and are generally found in the southern and western areas of the county. These soils are the second most common in the county. They are characterized as being nearly level to moderately steep, well drained to somewhat poorly drained, and loamy throughout.
This association is well suited to cropland. Erosion control practices are needed on the uplands and drainage is needed in the lower areas to produce high yields. The uplands of these soils are well suited to community development.
Granby-Oakville-Tedrow
These soils are only found in the extreme northwest corner of the county, primarily in the City of Menasha. Soils are identified as nearly level to sloping, well drained to poorly drained, and are dominantly sandy throughout.
These soils have a poor potential for crops. Most of the soils are used as woodland and wildlife habitat. Controlling blowing soil, improving drainage, and maintaining fertility are the major management concerns for these soils.
Channohon-Whalan-Kolberg
These soils are located along the Lake Winnebago shoreline from the Village of Sherwood south to the Village of Stockbridge. These soils are gently sloping, well drained, loamy soils, with a dolomite substratum. These soils have fair to poor potential for cropland use and good potential for woodland use.
Wasepi-Plainfield-Boyer
These soils, similar to the Channohon-Whalan-Kolberg association, are also primarily located along the Lake Winnebago shoreline from the Village of Sherwood south to the Village of Stockbridge. A small portion of this soil type is also located in the northeast corner of the county. These soils are nearly level to moderately steep, excessively drained to somewhat poorly drained, and are sandy and loamy soils.
Houghton-Palms-Willette
These soils are generally found along the county’s eastern and southern border. They’re identified as being nearly level, very poorly drained organic soils.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This association is not well suited to cropland. Wet soils and a short growing season caused by late spring and early fall frosts restrict the type of crops that can be grown. This association is not well suited to community development because of wet soil conditions and flood hazards.
Pella-Mundelein-Shiocton
These soils are exclusively located along the western border of the City of Brillion. They are identified as nearly level and gently sloping, somewhat poorly to poorly drained, and are dominantly loamy throughout.
These soils, if drained, have good potential for cultivated crops such as corn and hay. Some undrained soil is used for pasture or as wildlife habitat.
Table 5-1 Prime Soils, Calumet County, 2004 Not Prime Prime if Drained Prime Farmland Municipality Prime Farmland and/or Not Flooded Total as % of Total T. Brillion 2,697.2 5,522.4 13,073.6 21,293.2 25.9% T. Brothertown 5,345.6 12,828.3 5,375.4 23,549.2 54.5% T. Charlestown 7,664.1 6,998.7 5,606.8 20,269.6 34.5% T. Chilton 2,047.9 11,341.5 7,541.5 20,930.9 54.2% T. Harrison 2,461.8 6,982.1 11,213.1 20,657.0 33.8% T. New Holstein 5,949.0 8,230.3 6,161.3 20,340.7 40.5% T. Rantoul 4,097.0 8,678.3 8,025.3 20,800.5 41.7% T. Stockbridge 3,774.5 12,383.7 5,369.3 21,527.5 57.5% T. Woodville 735.7 9,285.6 10,990.4 21,011.6 44.2% V. Hilbert 0.0 255.4 458.9 714.3 35.8% V. Potter 66.0 137.8 126.7 330.5 41.7% V. Sherwood 448.3 749.9 973.5 2,171.7 34.5% V. Stockbridge 223.4 877.7 971.5 2,072.6 42.3% C. Appleton* 53.2 1,567.0 441.7 2,061.9 76.0% C. Brillion 242.8 602.9 866.9 1,712.6 35.2% C. Chilton 394.2 1,309.7 881.0 2,584.9 50.7% C. Kiel* 20.1 128.8 96.3 245.2 52.5% C. Menasha* 262.1 104.2 614.3 980.5 10.6% C. New Holstein 178.6 792.2 579.6 1,550.3 51.1% Calumet County 36,661.5 88,776.4 79,367.0 204,804.9 43.3% *Data are for land in Calumet County only. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 5-1 Prime Soils, Calumet County, 2004
Prime if Drained and/or Not Flooded, 38.8%
Prime Farmland, 43.3%
Not Prime, 17.9%
*Data are for land in Calumet County only. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-1 Soils
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 5-1, Figure 5-1, and Map 5-1 display information regarding prime agricultural soils in Calumet County. Prime Farm Soils are identified by the Natural Resource Conservation Service as those soils with the fewest limitations for agriculture operations. Limitations to agriculture include high erodibility, extreme wetness, low moisture holding capacity, and low productivity. Soils characterized as “prime when drained” would be well suited to agriculture if extreme wetness can be overcome with drainage. Prime farm soils are prevalent throughout the county. Several towns have more than 50% of the land area in prime farm soils. Many towns have over 90% of lands designated as prime soils if the soil is drained. Over 43% of the soil in Calumet County as a whole is considered prime farm soil.
5.2 Agriculture & Farmland
Farming in Wisconsin and in Calumet County has undergone considerable change in the last few decades. Detailed below are some of the most notable statistics and trends found in Calumet County with regard to agriculture.
According to the Census of Agriculture, there were 814733 farms in 19972002 and 733732 in 20022007, a decrease of approximately 10% for the period.
For the same period, 19972002 to 20022007, the amount of land in farms decreasedincreased by 4811,343 acres in Calumet County.
The average size of farms increased from 184205 acres in 19972002 to 205207 acres in 20022007. The average size of farms in the State of Wisconsin in 20022007 was 204194 acres.
Calumet County local farm. In 19972002, there were approximately 51,31554,579 cattle and calves in Calumet County. In 20022007 that figure increased to 54,57960,705.
In 19972002, there were nine16 farms with 500 or more cattle or calves. In 20022011, that figure increased to approximately 20-2516 farms.
In 20022007, most farms in Calumet County were between 50 to 179 acres. There were approximately 21 farms of 1,000 acres or more and approximately six farms of 2,000 acres or more.
Some more recent information indicates that the number of dairy herds continue to decline in the county, to 207180 in 20062011. Total cow numbers increased slightly. The number of cows per herd has increased significantly to approximately 116158, primarily due to the addition of Holsum I (and Holsum II is not yet reflected in available figures). In 20062011, Calumet County was third inled the state in production per cow for the second year in a row with production per cow at over 20,00022,900 pounds.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 As indicated by the above trends, the number of farms continues to decrease while the size of farms is increasing. For Calumet County this trend has resulted in a relatively small loss of total land in farms. Agriculture will continue to be central to the rural culture, economy, and landscape of Calumet County.
According to the 20022007 Census of Agriculture the top four livestock items in Calumet County are cattle and calves, mink and their pelts, layerspheasants, and colonies of beeshogs and pigs. Calumet County ranks 2723rdth out of 72 counties in Wisconsin for the number of cattle and calves, third15th for mink, and 1454th in the state for pheasantslayers and 44th for colonies of beeshogs and pigs.
Forage (land used for all hay and hayage, grass silage, and greenchop) is the county’s top ranking production crop item, followed by corn and soybeans. According to the 20022007 Census of aAgriculture, forage production ranks 3735th in the state, corn ranks 4039th, and soybean production ranks 2429th. Corn for grainsilage and all wheat for grain were the fourth and fifth greatest items in the county, ranking 1813th and 11th seventh in the state, respectively.
Table 5-2 details the amount of farm and cropland found in Calumet County.
Table 5-2 Farm and Cropland, Calumet County, 2004 Other % of Farm & Cropland Municipality Farm Cropland Land Use Total of Total Land Use T. Brillion 498.8 13,869.0 6,927.7 21,295.5 67.5% T. Brothertown 387.1 15,482.6 7,679.3 23,549.0 67.4% T. Charlestown 316.2 10,864.2 9,089.2 20,269.6 55.2% T. Chilton 444.1 15,747.7 4,738.6 20,930.4 77.4% T. Harrison 434.5 12,237.2 7,985.0 20,656.7 61.3% T. New Holstein 399.5 12,726.4 7,215.4 20,341.3 64.5% T. Rantoul 511.1 13,659.3 6,630.1 20,800.6 68.1% T. Stockbridge 392.6 14,692.7 6,442.0 21,527.3 70.1% T. Woodville 498.1 16,436.4 4,077.1 21,011.6 80.6% V. Hilbert 3.8 322.1 388.6 714.5 45.6% V. Potter 3.7 142.1 184.5 330.4 44.1% V. Sherwood 10.9 601.3 1,560.4 2,172.6 28.2% V. Stockbridge 34.4 1,264.8 773.7 2,072.9 62.7% C. Appleton* 3.9 392.5 1,665.3 2,061.8 19.2% C. Brillion 6.7 351.0 1,354.8 1,712.5 20.9% C. Chilton 24.4 879.7 1,679.9 2,584.1 35.0% C. Kiel* 1.9 75.1 168.3 245.3 31.4% C. Menasha* 2.4 125.1 853.2 980.6 13.0% C. New Holstein 8.8 295.4 1,246.2 1,550.3 19.6% Calumet County 3,983.0 130,164.5 70,659.3 204,806.9 65.5% *Data are for land in Calumet County only.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
Agriculture Connections
Agriculture not only produces food and fiber, but is also linked to many other components of the economy. Agriculture supports equipment and implement manufacturers, dealers, and repair technicians, the vegetable and meat processing industries, the construction trade, trucking, veterinary services, genetic research, and many others.
Agriculture is intimately connected to Wisconsin’s culture and heritage. Barns, cows, fields, and silos paint the scene that so many define as Wisconsin’s rural character. Farm families include some of the earliest settlers of many areas and provide a sense of continuity to a community. Public opinion surveys conducted by the American Farmland Trust, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the American Farm Bureau, Wisconsin counties, some Calumet County towns, and other local units of government show that Wisconsin citizens place a high value on the presence of agriculture and agricultural lands. Calumet County dairy farm.
Agriculture has many considerations relative to the natural environment, both positive and negative. Farms provide green space, wildlife habitat, enhanced groundwater recharge, and nutrient recycling. Farms can also be sources of soil erosion, polluted runoff, groundwater contamination, odors, and shoreline damage to stream bank areas.
Agriculture is connected to other land uses, and is a significant contributor to the overall development pattern. The distance from farm related services, markets for farm commodities, processing industries, and other critical land uses can determine the long term Farmland and Land Use success of an agricultural area. Certain recreational land uses, like hunting and The development dynamic created between snowmobiling, benefit from the presence farms and rural residential development has of agricultural lands. impacts on land values, property taxes, and the overall development pattern. A farmers “right Agriculture is also linked to some to farm” is often at issue when farmland areas significant transportation issues. are encroached by rural residential Agriculture brings large vehicles to rural development. In Calumet County, 65.5% of roads including farm equipment and heavy land is either cropland or in some type of farm- trucks. These rural roads are rarely related use. Calumet County utilizes a Growth constructed to handle the size and weight Management policy to limit the number of rural of such large vehicles. This often land divisions in an effort to manage the rate of contributes to traffic issues, the posting of non-agricultural growth, to promote more weight limits, and increased local efficient growth patterns, and to minimize expenditures for road maintenance. public costs of non-agricultural growth in non- incorporated areas.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Farmland Preservation
The Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection manages a Farmland Preservation Program to help towns, municipalities, and the counties to develop exclusive agricultural areas and manage land use. The program works by assisting counties in creating county agricultural preservation plans. These plans typically lay the groundwork for exclusive agricultural zoning districts which then designate preferred agricultural operating areas. Farmers participate by signing an individual, long-term agreement that stipulates the terms of land use as exclusive agriculture. The farmland preservation program provides state income tax credits to farmers who meet the program's soil and water conservation standards and who designate their land use for agricultural purposes only.
In 2009, the farmland preservation program was revised, and many farmers were not eligible to renew their agreements. Currently, in order to receive a credit, a farmer's land must either be in a state approved Agricultural Enterprise Area or be in a farmland preservation zoning district.
In December 2011, the Wisconsin Department of Revenue reported that there were 40 claims in Calumet County for tax year 2010 in the amount of $23,620 covering 6,229 acres under the old Farmland Tax Relief Program (farmland preservation agreements that were entered into prior to July 1, 2009). The new Farmland Preservation Program (farmland preservation agreements that were entered into on or after July 1, 2009 or owns a farm located in an area designated in a certified exclusive agricultural/farmland preservation zoning ordinance) had 156 claims in Calumet County for tax year 2010 in the amount of $186,142 covering 24,733 acres. Therefore, in 2010, a total of $209,762 was claimed in tax credits in Calumet County covering 30,962 acres.
Because the old Farmland Tax Relief Program is being phased out, fewer and fewer claims will be made under the program. However, the number of acres under the new Farmland Preservation Program will increase as farmers sign farmland preservation agreements as part of an Agricultural Enterprise Area and as communities implement exclusive agricultural/farmland preservation zoning. Table 5-3 compares details land enrolled in the farmland preservation programs in Calumet County to its surrounding countiesfor each Calumet County town.
Table 5-3 Comparative Farmland Preservation, Calumet County and Selected AreasTowns, 20042010 # of Municipality Claimants Credit Acreage Calumet County 196 $209,762 30,962 Brown County 638 $599,483 92,775 Fond du Lac County 980 $1,208,800 172,998 Manitowoc County 688 $805,854 108,900 Outagamie County 323 $294,505 46,981 Sheboygan County 518 $563,157 79,310
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Winnebago County 117 $109,974 19,082 Source: Calumet County Planning Department. Unknown includes preservation contracts with no listed town location and contracts which include land in more than one townWisconsin Department of Revenue, December 2011.
In Calumet County, there are approximately 14,000 acres under farmland preservation agreements. The Town of Brothertown has the greatest acreage of farmland under farmland preservation agreements followed by the Town of Chilton. The Town of Harrison and Woodville have the fewest number of acres enrolled in the program, although both communities each had over 60% of their total land use in farm and cropland use.
As of 20052011, there were approximately1,379950 participants in Calumet County Farm Service Agency programs including, but not limited to, conservation reserve and enhancement programs, farm loan programs, and the milk income loss program.
Agricultural Land Sales
The sale of agricultural land is tracked by the Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics Service for every county in the state. Table 5-4 details agricultural land sales trends for Calumet County.
Table 5-4 Agricultural Land Sales, Calumet County, 1999-20032006-2010 # Change % Change 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006-2010 2006-2010 Ag Land Continuing in Ag Use Number of transactions 18 11 16 11 13 -5 -27.8% Acres sold 1,401 525 920 665 654 -747 -53.3% Dollars per acre $3,459 $3,749 $4,169 $5,308 $5,111 $1,652 47.8% Ag Land being Diverted to Other Uses Number of transactions 2 - - - - NA NA Acres sold 97 - - - - NA NA Dollars per acre $14,141 - - - - NA NA Total of All Ag Land Number of transactions 20 11 16 11 13 -7 -35.0% Acres sold 1,498 525 920 665 654 -844 -56.3% Dollars per acre $4,151 $3,749 $4,169 $5,308 $5,111 $960 23.1% Source: Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics Service, 1999-20032006-2010.
For agricultural land continuing in agricultural use, the dollar amount per acre has increased by nearly 10050% from 19992006 to 20032010. Based on the data provided, no land transactions have been recorded since 2006 where The average dollar per acre was approximately $2,844 in 2003. This is, however, significantly less than the average per acre for agricultural land has beenbeing diverted to other uses, which was $4,103 in 2003. The total number of transactions and amount of agricultural land sold has been decreasing in the county.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Farmland Use Value Assessment
Wisconsin farms are facing other social, economic, and political issues as well. Some of the most significant include soaring property values and the related property taxes, the cost of health insurance coverage, and a growing set of federal, state, and local regulatory programs. In 1974, the State Legislature amended the Rule of Uniform Taxation (Article VIII, Section 1.) in the Wisconsin Constitution to permit the preferential treatment of agricultural land. The 1995-1997 Budget Act changed the standard for assessing agricultural land in Wisconsin from market value to use value.
The goal of this legislation, known as use value assessment, is to protect Wisconsin’s farm economy and curb urban sprawl by assessing farmland based upon its agricultural productivity, rather than its potential for development.
Specifically, the value of agricultural land for assessment purposes was changed from market value to use value. In a use value assessment system, the use of the land is the most important factor in determining its assessed value.
Use value in Wisconsin is specific to land only. The use value legislation passed in 1995 requires that the assessed value of farmland be based on the income that could be generated from its rental for agricultural use. Income and rental from farming are a function of agricultural capability. Because any land could theoretically be used for agricultural purposes, statutes and administrative rules limit the benefit of use value assessment to only those lands that qualify as “land devoted primarily to agricultural use.”
The implementation of use-value assessment in Wisconsin has helped farmers maintain lower property taxes on their agricultural land. As an example, equalized values for agricultural lands in Calumet County were $88,984,700 in 1999, or 5.3% of total equalized value. The equalized values dropped to $23,573,000 in 2003, which represents 1.0% of the total equalized value. The total equalized value of real estate in Calumet County increased by approximately 40% from 1999 to 2003. Although the actual market value of agricultural land as represented by land sales increased significantly, the impact of use value assessment is the reason for the decreasing percentage in the overall total of equalized value.
Agriculture in Wisconsin
According to the Wisconsin Agriculture Statistics Service, farm income in Wisconsin reached an all time low in recent years, yet agriculture remains Wisconsin’s largest industry sector contributing $18.515.16 billion in revenueeconomic contributions each year and 174,000about 354,000 jobs to the state economy. Based on cash receipts received for commodities, milk, field crops and vegetables, and livestock are the most significant components of Wisconsin’s agricultural economy.
Table 5-5 Cash Receipts for Agriculture Commodities State of Wisconsin, 20012010
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Commodity Thousands of Dollars Percent of Total Milk 4,147,199 46.2% Field Crops and Vegetables 2,509,049 28.0% Livestock 1,348,387 15.0% Fruit and Specialty Crops 561,750 6.3% Poultry and Eggs 401,158 4.5% Total 8,967,543 100.0% Source: Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics Service. Field crops and vegetables include: food grains (wheat), feed crops (barley, corn, hay, oats), tobacco, oil crops (soybeans), all vegetables (beans (dry), potatoes, snap beans, cabbage (fresh), cabbage (processing), carrots (fresh), sweet corn (processing), cucumbers, onions, green peas. Livestock includes: meat animals (cattle and calves, hogs, sheep and lambs, honey, aquaculturetrout, mink pelts). Fruit and specialty crops include: apples, cherries, cranberries, strawberries, maple products, peppermint, spearmint, greenhouse and nursery, Christmas trees.
Farm income varies from year to year and is reported annually by the University of Wisconsin – Madison Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics. In 2002, farm income (when adjusted for deflation) was at its lowest level since farm statistics have been recorded in 1955. Farm income was expected to slowly improve in 2003 based on climbing milk prices, higher corn and soybean prices, and various other factors. However, this has not been the case.
Organic Farming and Fresh Markets
According to the USDA National Organic Standards Board (NOSB), organic agriculture is defined as “an ecological production management system that promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity. It is based on minimal use of off- farm inputs and on management practices that restore, maintain, or enhance ecological harmony. The primary goal of organic agriculture is to optimize the health and productivity of interdependent communities of soil life, plants, animals, and people.”
Organic food is the fastest growing part of the consumer food market, with especially rapid growth in produce and dairy products. According to the University of Wisconsin, Center for Integrated Agricultural Systems, organic farming is a rapidly growing and relatively profitable niche for many farmers in Wisconsin. Wisconsin farmers are leaders in organic food production, particularly in dairy. Wisconsin boasts the thirdsecond-most organic farms in the country, behind California and Washington. Wisconsin leads the nation with dairy producers raise 2223% of the nation’s all organic dairy farmsmilk cows. According to the “Economic Impact of Organic Sector in Wisconsin and Beyond,” Wisconsin organic farms gernerated nearly $1000 in net profit per cow in 2009 while farmers receiving conventional prices for their milk lost $147 per cow, and they enjoy a price premium ranging from 80-115% over conventionally produced milk. Calumet County is estimated to have approximately nineseven certified organic farms. There may also be a number of more organic farms that are not certified. There are currently two businesses listed as certified for organic processing (Briess Malt and Ingredients Company – Chilton and Thiel Cheese & Ingredients – Hilbert)seven farms selling organic milk and two more farms a few months from certification. Two other farms sell organic crops. Overall, organic agriculture in Wisconsin and Calumet County seems likely to continue to grow, however, even
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 with rapid growth organic agriculture will likely remain a minor part of the overall food system in Wisconsin for some time to come.
In addition to organic farming, fresh markets contribute to the overall agricultural industry in the State of Wisconsin and locally. According to the Fresh Market Vegetable Program of the University of Wisconsin, there are over 1,500 fresh market vegetable growers currently raising and marketing their vegetables in Wisconsin. This puts Wisconsin 8th in the nation for the number of fresh market vegetable farms. The value of fresh vegetables in the state was $21.8 million from the 1997 Census of Agriculture ranking Wisconsin 6th in the nation for its value of fresh vegetables. Nearly 200 farmers markets are located in various Wisconsin cities and the number of markets is increasing annually.
5.3 Forests and Woodlands
Wisconsin's forests are ecological, economic, and social treasures. Forests provide raw materials for the forest products industry and a setting for the tourism industry, two leading sectors of both state and local economies. Forests also provide a venue for hunting, fishing, hiking, and many other recreational activities enjoyed by residents and tourists. Forests purify and maintain the quality of our water resources and provide habitat for a variety of plants and animals, including threatened and endangered species that make their homes nowhere else. Forests also help to balance the effects of global warming and air pollution by producing oxygen and storing carbon.
In terms of land use and real estate, woodland areas are highly valued property features as reflected by the price of woodland acreage and the location of new housing. In addition, the implementation of use value assessment for agricultural lands has impacted the woodland parcels by transferring valuation through deferred impact on agricultural lands. Housing within wooded areas has the potential to cause fragmentation of habitat for many wildlife species. Development can disrupt the travel routes for wildlife through corridors and increase nuisance issues between people and animals.
In Calumet County, approximately 14.5% of the total land use is woodland. Map 8-1, Calumet County Existing Land Use displays the 29,682 acres of woodland areas scattered throughout the county. The Town of Charlestown, with 28.1% of its total area in woodlands, has the highest percentage of woodland among Calumet County communities. Most of the large woodland blocks are associated with large natural resource and wetland areas such as the Brillion Wildlife Area and the Killsnake Wildlife Area. There are small blocks of upland woodlands held in private ownership throughout the county. According to the DNR Forester for Calumet County, a tension zone passes through the county which separates the vegetation found in northern Wisconsin from southern Wisconsin. The tension zone includes numerous species found in both areas of the state.
Table 5-6 Woodlands, Calumet County, 2004
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 % of Total % of Total Municipality Woodlands Local Land Use County Land Use T. Brillion 3,089.8 14.5% 1.5% T. Brothertown 3,646.7 15.5% 1.8% T. Charlestown 5,695.6 28.1% 2.8% T. Chilton 1,582.4 7.6% 0.8% T. Harrison 2,514.4 12.2% 1.2% T. New Holstein 3,948.9 19.4% 1.9% T. Rantoul 2,976.9 14.3% 1.5% T. Stockbridge 3,390.0 15.7% 1.7% T. Woodville 2,084.2 9.9% 1.0% V. Hilbert 8.5 1.2% 0.0% V. Potter 6.3 1.9% 0.0% V. Sherwood 143.4 6.6% 0.1% V. Stockbridge 169.9 8.2% 0.1% C. Appleton* 27.4 1.3% 0.0% C. Brillion 112.6 6.6% 0.1% C. Chilton 87.1 3.4% 0.0% C. Kiel* 9.8 4.0% 0.0% C. Menasha* 113.8 11.6% 0.1% C. New Holstein 75.1 4.8% 0.0% Calumet County 29,682.8 14.5% *Data are for land in Calumet County only. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 5-7 details the amount of land enrolled in the Managed Forest Law program in Calumet County.
Table 5-7 Enrollment in Managedment Forest Law, Calumet County, 20042011
Open Closed % of Municipality Acres Acres Total County Total T. Brillion 38.0 143.0 181.0 5.0% T. Brothertown 77.8 577.3 655.1 18.2% T. Charlestown 0.0 1,140.4 1,140.4 31.6% T. Chilton 10.0 99.0 109.0 3.0% T. Harrison 0.0 207.6 207.6 5.8% T. New Holstein 40.6 333.7 374.4 10.4% T. Rantoul 0.0 119.0 119.0 3.3% T. Stockbridge 89.0 495.8 584.8 16.2% T. Woodville 46.0 188.0 234.0 6.5% Calumet County 301.4 3,303.9 3,605.3 100.0% Source: Calumet County Planning DepartmentWisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
Managed Forest Law Program Trends
Increasing property values, increasing property taxes, a growing interest in forest management, and many other factors have led to increased interest in the Managed Forest Land (MFL) program throughout the State of Wisconsin. In Calumet County, MFL applications submitted to the WDNR for consideration totaled 3,5323,605 acres in 20042011. The acreage total has increased slightly over the past fivesix years. In 20032004, applications included 3,3903,532 acres, which was closer to the 5-year average of about 3,400 acres per year since 1999. Equalized values for forestry lands increased from $9,485,400 in 1999 to $16,146,800 in 2004 to $31,777,000 in 2011. As property taxes on forestry parcels and recreational lands continue to climb, growth in MFL enrollments is expected to continue.
Wisconsin Forests
Forests have been vital to the quality of life in Wisconsin, providing opportunities for sportsmen, tourists, and recreationists. Forests are also essential to the protection of ground and surface water resources. According to the draft Wisconsin Statewide Forest Plan (WDNR, 2004), Wisconsin’s forests cover 16 million acres, or 46% of the state’s land area. While the public sector and the forest industry own significant forest acreage, most of the state’s forest land (57%), is owned by private non-industrial landowners. Thirty percent of the state’s forests are owned by the public sector, with federal holdings accounting for 10%, state holdings 5%, and county governments, municipalities, and school districts totaling 15%. Accounting for the
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 balance of the forest resource, Wisconsin’s tribes own 2% of the state’s forests, corporations own 4%, and the forest industry owns 7%.
Urban Forests
Urban forests consist of all the trees and other vegetation in and around a community. This includes not only tree-lined streets, but also trees in home landscapes, school yards, parks, river banks, cemeteries, vacant lots, utility rights-of-way, and anywhere else trees can grow. Shrubs, flowers, vines, ground cover including grasses, and a variety of other wild plants and animals are also components of the urban forest system. Urban forest resources are found in Calumet County’s cities and villages as well as its unincorporated rural hamlets. Urban trees provide functions and benefits with respect to stormwater management and temperature regulation. Urban trees provide energy savings through shading and by reducing the effects of “heat islands” that come from paved surfaces.
Several Calumet County communities have been recognized by the National Arbor Day Foundation with the “Tree City USA” designation including Appleton, Brillion, Chilton, Kaukauna, Menasha, New Holstein, and Sherwood.
5.4 Topography
The topography of Calumet County is that of a high undulating plain sloping towards Lake Michigan in the eastern and central portions of the Typical terrain of Calumet County county. A more abrupt incline slopes towards Lake Winnebago along the western edge of the county. The glacier activity of the past greatly influenced the topography of the county. According to the USDA, Soil Conservation Service, the highest point in Calumet County is 1,128 feet above sea level. The lowest point of Calumet County is 688 feet.
5.5 Geology
The bedrock and glacial geology of Calumet County play a crucial role in planning for future development. Geological features directly influence other natural resources like topography, soils, surface water, and groundwater. Geology is an important consideration for development activities, and areas of concern include structural stability, groundwater interaction, and the provision of non-metallic minerals.
According to a map of the bedrock geology of Wisconsin, prepared by the University of Wisconsin Extension and the Geological and Natural History Survey, Calumet County is Niagara Escarpment bedrock characterized by three bedrock types. Dolomite rock of the features at High Cliff State Silurian Formation underlies the majority of Calumet County. Park.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Maquoketa Formation, rocks of dolomite and shale, is found along the Lake Winnebago shoreline and in the northern portion of the county. Sinnippee Group, rocks of dolomite with some limestone and shale, can be found in the extreme northwest corner of the county.
Niagara Escarpment
The following information was obtained from The Niagara Escarpment, Inventory Findings 1999-2001 and Considerations for Management, Final Report, 2002 as reported by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Endangered Resources.
The Niagara Escarpment is the steep face of a 650-mile sickle-shaped cuesta (bedrock ridge) that runs from the northeastern United States south of Rochester, New York, across portions of southeastern Canada, and then southward north and west of Lake Michigan to southeastern Wisconsin. The primary bedrock type is dolomite. The Escarpment is made of rock that was originally deposited as sediment on an ancient sea floor that existed about 430 to 450 million years ago. The present day cliffs were formed over millions of years through the differential erosion of rocks of different hardness and enhanced by the action of glaciers during the last ice age. In Wisconsin, the Escarpment extends for over 230 miles, from Rock Island, off the northern tip of the Door Peninsula, south to northern Waukesha and Milwaukee Counties. The Escarpment is discontinuous in Wisconsin and differs in elevation and amount of exposure from one end to the other.
Niagara Escarpment outcrops in Calumet County are concentrated in the southwestern two-thirds of the county, especially along the east shore of Lake Winnebago, with scattered outcrops in the northeast (see Map 5-2).
The geology of the Escarpment greatly influences its ecological attributes. One example is the presence of karst, or solution features of the bedrock, that allow organic matter to accumulate. Cold air and sometimes water move through the fractured bedrock creating unique microhabitats. Many highly specialized species, such as rare terrestrial snails, are found in these microhabitats.
The study also documented 241 occurrences of rare species and natural communities. Of these, 106 were animal occurrences, 99 were plants, and 36 were natural communities and other natural features. Nineteen were Class 1 occurrences, 28 were Class 2, and 194 were Class 3. Each of these occurrences relies strongly upon the unique features of the Escarpment in order to sustain itself, and they are generally not found in other areas of Wisconsin. In some cases, the elements are globally rare.
Threats and Management Considerations The Niagara Escarpment Report details a number of current threats that were identified during the inventory and from other reports. These threats are as follows.
Land use issues, conflicts, problems, including land use plan and existing regulation conflicts.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Development - Identified as one of the most pressing threats to the escarpment is residential development. The construction of homes and related infrastructure may fragment the sensitive habitats or destroy them.
Road Construction - Higher capacity roads will likely result in increased development. Habitat may also be fragmented or destroyed.
Mining, Quarrying - Can result in several impacts including direct habitat destruction or fragmentation, and alteration to hydrology and microclimate of the escarpment.
Tower Areas - May effect bird populations and result in loss of scenic beauty of the area.
Recreation - Increased visitation to the area can result in overuse of trails and development of unauthorized trails.
Invasive/Exotic Species - As habitats become more fragmented and disrupted, invasive species can be introduced.
Hydrologic Disruption - New construction or development can affect groundwater infiltration that helps support springs, sinkholes, caves, and other karst features.
Groundwater Contamination - Groundwater is the key source for potable water and its contamination can affect water movement and habitats.
Administrative Inconsistency - The escarpment is of regional significance and crosses many borders, making it difficult to manage effectively.
The escarpment was also identified in the State of Wisconsin Land Legacy Report. The report was an assessment by the WDNR of the state’s protection needs for conservation and recreation lands over the next 50 years. The report does not detail when or how a land legacy place will be protected.
In late 2011 State Assemblyman, Al Ott, Forest Junction, drafted proposed legislation that would help allocate stewardship dollars for the preservation of the Escarpment. It is anticipated the draft bill will go to the Legislature in 2012 for a vote. If successful, the county may have more opportunities to preserve critical sites which are not the best suited for development.
Karst Geology
A karst feature is an area or surficial geologic feature subject to bedrock dissolution so that it is likely to provide a conduit to groundwater, and may include areas with soils less than 60 inches thick over bedrock, caves, enlarged fractures, mine features, exposed bedrock surfaces, sinkholes, springs, seeps, swallets, and depressional areas with no surface drainage. More specifically, in Calumet County acidic rain water dissolves the dolomite limestone and creates fissures, holes, caves, and other karst features. As stated, these features then act as a conduit, allowing rain and other matters to quickly reach the water table.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Some of Calumet County’s groundwater problems (high levels of nitrates and bacteria) can be attributed to the fact that it has so many karst features, thereby allowing fertilizers, septic seepage, etc. to rapidly make contact with groundwater. Due to the features, coupled with areas of thin soils, many areas in the county are highly susceptible to groundwater contamination.
It is challenging to determine where all the features are located. In that such features tend to be covered with some amount of soil, the features are difficult to locate. In order to improve groundwater quality, wise land use choices on or near karst features is a must. Near sinkholes it is recommended a berm be installed to minimize a direct runoff into the sinkhole. Other practices, such as rain gardens, are encouraged to help slow runoff and provide some degree of filtration.
5.6 Metallic and Non-Metallic Mineral Resources
Wisconsin Administrative Code NR 135 required that all counties adopt and enforce a Non-metallic Mining Reclamation Ordinance that establishes performance standards for the reclamation of active and future non-metallic mining sites, but not abandoned sites. It is intended that NR 135 will contribute to environmental protection, stable non- eroding sites, productive end land use, and potential to enhance habitat and increase land values and tax revenues.
According to the East Central Wisconsin Regional Abandoned non-metallic mine Planning Commission,the Calumet County Planning Department there were approximately 2023 active non-metallic mining sites, one reclaimed site and five abandoned sites located in Calumet County (see Utilities and Community Facilities element) in 20052011. NineSeven of the 2023 sites are located in the Town of Brothertown. Of the 2023 active mining sites, eight18 are limestone sites, twofour are sand and gravel sites, and 10one areis a gravelsand only sites.
The East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission administers the Wisconsin Statutes, Chapter NR 135, non-metallic mining reclamation program for Winnebago, Outagamie, Shawano, Waupaca, and Calumet Counties. The Calumet County Non-Metallic Mining Reclamation Ordinance was adopted in 2001. All site operators are required to apply for a permit and must prepare and submit a reclamation plan.
5.7 Wetlands
The hydrology of soils, or the amount of water saturation present, largely determines the soil characteristics and the corresponding types of plant and animal communities living in and on the soil. Wetlands may support both aquatic and terrestrial species. The prolonged presence of water creates conditions that favor the growth of specially adapted plants (hydrophytes) and promotes the development of characteristic wetland (hydric) soils.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Wetlands may be seasonal or permanent Wetlands Defined and are commonly referred to as swamps, marshes, fens, or bogs. Wetland plants and According to the United States Environmental soils have the capacity to store and filter Protection Agency, wetlands are areas where pollutants ranging from pesticides to water covers the soil, or is present either at or animal wastes. Wetlands provide storage near the surface of the soil all year or for of flood waters preventing damage to varying periods of time during the year, developed areas. Wetlands can make lakes, including during the growing season. Wetlands rivers, and streams more clean, and can be recognized by the presence of 3 features: drinking water safer. Wetlands also 1. Wetland hydrology, or varying degrees of provide valuable habitat for fish, plants, saturated conditions. and animals. In addition, some wetlands 2. Hydrophytes, or specially adapted plants can also replenish groundwater supplies. that favor the prolonged presence of water. Groundwater discharge from wetlands is 3. Hydric soils, or soils that contain common and can be important in characteristics that confirm the long term maintaining stream flows, especially during presence of wetland hydrology. dry months.
The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) has inventory maps for wetlands two acres and larger, which have been mapped on Map 5-2, Environmental and Water Features. In general, the wetlands information is helpful during development review, during resource planning, when evaluating design, or when performing impact assessment. The wetland information may need to be field verified for specific location and parcel information as the digitization process used to create the maps Wetland in Killsnake Wildlife Area inadvertently creates error in exact field boundaries. The maps should be consulted whenever communities review development proposals in order to preserve wetland functions and to ensure regulatory compliance. Table 5-8 and Figure 5-2 detail the amount of wetland found in each community in Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 5-8 Wetlands, Calumet County, 2004
Percent Municipality Acreage of Total T. Brillion 2,953.5 10.9% T. Brothertown 2,946.8 10.9% T. Charlestown 7,087.9 26.1% T. Chilton 1,857.6 6.8% T. Harrison 1,164.6 4.3% T. New Holstein 3,301.1 12.2% T. Rantoul 3,898.7 14.4% T. Stockbridge 1,320.6 4.9% T. Woodville 1,822.9 6.7% V. Hilbert 25.2 0.1% V. Potter 88.0 0.3% V. Sherwood 82.6 0.3% V. Stockbridge 106.7 0.4% C. Appleton* 11.2 0.0% C. Brillion 137.4 0.5% C. Chilton 152.4 0.6% C. Kiel* 12.5 0.0% C. Menasha* 41.3 0.2% C. New Holstein 110.4 0.4% Calumet County 27,121.2 100.0% *Data provided are for land in Calumet County only. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
In Calumet County, there are 27,121 acres of wetlands, or about 13.2% of the entire land area. The Town of Charlestown leads Calumet County communities with 26.1% of its land area as wetland, most of it located in the Killsnake Wildlife Area.
Due to the significant environmental functions served by wetlands, there is a complex set of local, state, and federal regulations which places limitations on the development and use of wetlands (and shorelands). Laws have slowed the destruction of wetlands, but they continue to be destroyed and degraded. Wisconsin now has about half of the 10 million acres of wetlands present in 1848. The WDNR has regulatory authority over filling, dredging, draining, and similar activities in most Wisconsin wetlands. Counties are mandated to establish shoreland- wetland zoning districts for wetlands near lakes, rivers, and streams. In addition, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has authority over the placement of fill in wetlands connected to federally navigable waterways, while the USDA incorporates wetland preservation criteria into its crop price support programs. Therefore, prior to placing fill or altering a wetland resource, the appropriate agencies must be contacted to receive authorization.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 5-2 Percentage of Total County Wetlands by Municipality, Calumet County, 2004
30.0% 26.0% 25.0%
20.0% 14.3% 15.0% 12.1% 10.8% 10.8%
10.0% 6.8% 6.7% 4.3% 4.8% Percentage of Total Wetlands 5.0%
0.0%
n n l e e ein u g lio st d vill rtown hilton nto d Bril e C arriso a o th . H ckbri T. arlestown T T. R to T. ew Hol S Bro Ch N T. Wo . T. T. T. T
Source: Calumet County Planning Department. Only for municipalities with 4% or more of county total.
5.8 Basins and Watersheds
Wisconsin has redesigned its natural resource management approach around the concepts of eco- regions, areas of similar character and structure typically related to drainage basins or watersheds. This shift in approach recognizes that working with the natural structure and function of resources, as opposed to strictly political or social boundaries, will provide more successful results.
Basins and watersheds are interconnected areas of land draining from surrounding ridge tops to a common point such as a lake or stream confluence. All lands and waterways can be found within one watershed or another. Calumet County is located within four basins in Wisconsin.
Lakeshore Basin: The Lakeshore Basin encompasses three entire counties - Door, Kewaunee, and Manitowoc - as well as parts of Brown and Calumet.
Lower Fox River Basin: The Lower Fox River Basin is comprised of six watersheds and covers most of Brown, eastern Outagamie, northern Calumet, and small sections of Winnebago Counties.
Upper Fox River Basin: The Upper Fox River Basin includes all of Marquette County and portions of Adams, Calumet, Columbia, Fond du Lac, Green Lake, Winnebago, and Waushara Counties.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Sheboygan River Basin: The Sheboygan River Basin covers is located in portions of five counties including Calumet, Manitowoc, Sheboygan, Fond du Lac, and Ozaukee.
There are a total of 16 watersheds in Calumet County. Table 5-9 shows each watershed and the total acreage in Calumet County. Refer to Map 5-2 for watershed locations in Calumet County.
Table 5-9 Watersheds, Calumet County, 2004
Watersheds Acreage % of Total Cedar Creek 9,150.0 3.6% East River 1,700.5 0.7% Garners Creek 4,297.7 1.7% Kankapot Creek 13,810.4 5.4% Killsnake River 28,464.5 11.2% Lake Winnebago East 26,323.9 10.3% Lake Winnebago 49,521.1 19.5% Manitowoc River 215.9 0.1% North Branch Manitowoc River 46,496.7 18.3% Pine Creek 19,810.9 7.8% Plum Creek 8,511.0 3.3% Sheboygan River 11,283.7 4.4% South Branch Manitowoc River 28,902.8 11.4% Unnamed 1 102.9 0.0% Unnamed 2 241.7 0.1% Unnamed 3 5,552.2 2.2% Total 254,385.8 100% Source: Calumet County Planning Department. Total includes Lake Winnebago.
Calumet County has one active Priority Watershed Program for the Lake Winnebago East Watershed. The program was completed in December, 2003. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources selects specific watersheds to concentrate clean-up efforts aimed to control non-point sources of water pollution (runoff). A management plan is developed for the watershed and the DNR supplies financial support for its implementation. The County Land and Water Conservation Department is responsible for implementation of the plan when active.
5.9 Floodplains
For planning and regulatory purposes, a floodplain is normally defined as those areas, excluding the stream channel, that are subject to inundation by the 100-year recurrence interval flood event. This event has a one-percent chance of occurring in any given year. Because of this chance of flooding, development in the floodplain should be discouraged and the development of park and open space in these areas encouraged. The floodplain includes the floodway and flood fringe. The floodway is the portion of the floodplain that carries flood water or flood flows, while the
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 flood fringe is the portion of the floodplain outside the floodway, which is covered by waters during a flood event. The flood fringe is generally associated with standing water rather than rapidly flowing water.
Wisconsin Statute 87.30 requires counties, cities, and village to implement floodplain zoning. In addition, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has developed flood hazard data. Under the authority of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, FEMA conducted studies to determine the location and extent of flood lands and the monetary damage risks related to the insurance of urban development in flood land areas. Table 5-10 details the acreage of floodplains found in each community in Calumet County as delineated by FEMA.
Table 5-10 Floodplains, Calumet County, 20042011
% of Municipality Acreage County Total T. Brillion 4,395.8 15.1% T. Brothertown 2,642.8 9.1% T. Charlestown 9,224.3 31.6% T. Chilton 1,952.7 6.7% T. Harrison 62.2 0.2% T. New Holstein 2,060.5 7.1% T. Rantoul 4,269.3 14.6% T. Stockbridge 243.3 0.8% T. Woodville 3,133.9 10.7% V. Hilbert 0.0 0.0% V. Potter 112.5 0.4% V. Sherwood 3.3 0.0% V. Stockbridge 172.2 0.6% C. Appleton* 0.0 0.0% C. Brillion 348.9 1.2% C. Chilton 378.6 1.3% C. Kaukauna* 0.0 0.0% C. Kiel* 10.4 0.0% C. Menasha* 0.0 0.0% C. New Holstein 173.5 0.6% Calumet County 29,184.1 100.0% *Data provided are for land in Calumet County only. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
According to the Calumet County All-Hazard Mitigation Plan completed in 2005, there are a total of 868 structures in the designated floodplain boundaries in all of Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-27 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 However, it is assumed that this number is now higher since the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) was revised in February 2009.
5.10 Surface Water Features
Calumet County possesses tremendous water features, primarily in Lake Winnebago. Most of the county’s western border is shared with the lake. At 49,314.7 acres in Calumet County, Lake Winnebago accounts for 19.7% of the county's total land area. Of Calumet County’s surface water totals, Lake Winnebago comprises 97.2% of all the surface water. Of the remaining 1,442 acres of surface water, there are only four small, natural inland lakes, two millponds, four rivers, and numerous streams and creeks. Lake Winnebago, like most surface water features, provides tremendous fish and wildlife habitat, tourism and recreation opportunities, scenic beauty, and for many, a sense of peace and quiet and connection to the natural world. Typically the water features also attract higher density residential developments. Beyond Lake Winnebago, surface water comprises less than one-half of one percent of the total land use. Please refer to Map 5-2 for the locations of Calumet County’s surface water features.
Table 5-11 Lakes, Ponds, and Rivers, Calumet County, 2004
Percent Feature Acreage of Total Becker Lake 39.1 0.1% Boot Lake 8.7 0.0% Grass Lake 25.7 0.1% Lake Winnebago 49,314.6 97.2% North Branch Manitowoc River 230.1 0.5% Round Lake 12.1 0.0% South Branch Manitowoc River 320.2 0.6% Spring Creek 1.7 0.0% Unnamed 782.7 1.5% Total 50,735.0 100.0% Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-28 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 5-12 Lakes, Ponds, and Rivers by Municipality, Calumet County, 20042011*
% of Municipality Acreage County Total T. Brillion 101.9 7.1% T. Brothertown 119.3 8.3% T. Charlestown 224.6 15.6% T. Chilton 108.4 7.5% T. Harrison 72.3 5.0% T. New Holstein 121.0 8.4% T. Rantoul 435.2 30.2% T. Stockbridge 66.3 4.6% T. Woodville 49.2 3.4% V. Hilbert 0.0 0.0% V. Potter 8.4 0.6% V. Sherwood 49.4 3.4% V. Stockbridge 5.8 0.4% C. Appleton* 8.6 0.6% C. Brillion 10.1 0.7% C. Chilton 29.3 2.0% C. Kaukauna* 0.0 0.0% C. Kiel* 0.5 0.0% C. Menasha* 30.0 2.1% C. New Holstein 2.6 0.2% Calumet County 1,442.9 100.0% *Does not include Lake Winnebago. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
Lakes
Lake Winnebago Lake Winnebago is the largest inland body of water in the state of Wisconsin. Lake Winnebago is 254,122 acres with a maximum depth of 21 feet and an average depth of 15.5 feet. It is approximately 30 miles long and 10 miles wide. The Lake Winnebago System is one of the nations top walleye fisheries. A total of 81 species of fish have been identified in the lake. Lake Winnebago also has the largest viable population of sturgeon in the world. Lakes Butte des Morts, Winneconne, and Poygan are known as Lake Winnebago the Upriver Lakes and are attached by the Fox and Wolf rivers.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-29 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Becker Lake Becker Lake is a 31.2-acre seepage lake with an intermittent outlet to Grass Lake and an intermittent inlet from Long Lake in Manitowoc County. The drainage basin covers 14.5 square miles. The maximum depth is 51 feet with a mean depth of 15 feet. There are 0.98 miles of shoreline. Northern pike and largemouth and smallmouth bass are present and panfish are common.
Boot Lake Boot Lake is a landlocked 9.7-acre seepage lake. The maximum depth is 15 feet and mean depth is six feet. There are 0.62 miles of shoreline. Northern pike, largemouth bass, and panfish comprise the fishery.
Chilton Millpond Chilton Millpond is an impoundment of the South Branch of the Manitowoc River, located in the City of Chilton. The millpond covers 8.9 surface acres, has a maximum depth of six feet, and a mean depth of three feet. Total shoreline is 0.81 miles. Northern pike, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, and catfish are present and panfish are common.
Round Lake Round Lake is a landlocked seepage lake covering 10.0 surface acres. The maximum depth is 55 feet and the mean depth is 30 feet. The total shoreline length is 0.55 miles. Largemouth bass, panfish, and trout are common in the lake.
Grass Lake Grass Lake is essentially a northern bog lake in a southern setting, surrounded by farmland. It is the only lake of its type in Calumet County. The area is a significant nesting area for many species of duck and geese. No fish are common or present at this lake.
Hayton Millpond Hayton Millpond is an impoundment of the South Branch of the Manitowoc River and covers 26.6 surface acres. The maximum depth is six feet and the mean depth is two feet. The shoreline totals 2.05 miles. A few northern pike and panfish are present, but carp, bullheads, and sucker and minnow species are predominate.
Rivers and Creeks
Black Creek Black Creek is an intermittent stream that seasonally flows into the Brillion Marsh. It flows through the Town and City of Brillion. It offers little to no fishery potential or other forms of aquatic recreation. Black Creek flows past a golf course.
Hilbert Tributary The Hilbert Tributary, a hard water stream, originates near Hilbert and flows northeasterly through this community before draining into the North Branch at the west end of the Brillion Marsh. The Hilbert wastewater treatment plant outfall is on the Hilbert Tributary. The stream is classified as a limited forage fishery.
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-31 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-2 Environmental and Water Features
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-33 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Cedar Creek Cedar Creek is a small shallow stream originating from the outlet of Mud Lake and flowing northwesterly for 7.2 miles to eventually drain into the South Branch of the Manitowoc River. Cedar Creek is surrounded by Hayton Marsh for its last two miles and is located in the Town of Charlestown.
Garners Creek Garners Creek is located in northwest Calumet County in the City of Appleton. Much of the northwest quadrant of the Town of Harrison lies within the drainage area of Garners Creek.
Plum Creek Plum Creek is located in the Town of Brillion. The creek flows in a southern direction and is just to the east of Forest Junction. The creek then turns west, going under STH 57, ending just to the west of the Forest Junction area.
Jordan Creek Jordan Creek originates southeast of New Holstein and flows northerly for 1.2 miles, partly through the east side of New Holstein, before draining into Pine Creek.
Kankapot Creek Kankapot Creek, located in the Town of Woodville, flows north into the Lower Fox in Kaukauna.
Pine Creek Pine Creek is a stream located in the county that receives few non-point and no point source discharges. The creek is located in the Towns of New Holstein and Charlestown. Jordan Creek is a tributary of Pine Creek.
Spring Creek Spring Creek originates north of the City of Brillion and flows more than five miles generally southwesterly before draining into the North Branch of the Manitowoc River. This stream flows through most of the Brillion Marsh, which provides breeding habitat for many wildlife species.
Stony Brook Stony Brook is a tributary of the South Branch of the Manitowoc River. The creek originates from a wetland area in the Town of Stockbridge and flows southeast until joining the Manitowoc River.
Killsnake River The Killsnake River originates northwest of Brant and flows easterly 14 miles before joining the North Branch of the Manitowoc River. Many shorebirds as well as waterfowl make use of this river and its adjoining wetlands. Looking east on the Killsnake River near Chilton
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-34 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Manitowoc River North Branch The North Branch of the Manitowoc River flows for nearly 10 miles from its origin west of Brillion Marsh to its confluence with the South Branch to form the main stem of the Manitowoc River. Wetland complexes located along upper portions of the steam are attractive to ducks, pheasant, deer, and small game mammals.
Manitowoc River South Branch The South Branch of the Manitowoc is the largest river or stream in Calumet County. It originates in the northeastern tip of Fond du Lac County and flows 22 miles before joining the North Branch to form the main stem of the Manitowoc River. Two impoundments, Hayton Pond and Chilton Millpond are on this river. Pine Creek, Cedar Creek, and the Killsnake River are the major tributaries. Common fish species include smallmouth bass, northern pike, pumpkinseed, bullhead, and carp.
East River The East River is located in the northeast corner of the county in the Town of Brillion. The river is part of the East River Watershed with only a small loop of the river located in Calumet County.
Sheboygan River The upper reaches of the Sheboygan River lie in the very southeast corner of Calumet County. The river is located entirely within the Kiel Marsh Wildlife Area and collects water in the northern reaches of the Sheboygan River Watershed.
The following creeks are all located in western Calumet County and flow into Lake Winnebago.
Mill Creek, Town and Village of Stockbridge Mud Creek, Town and Village of Stockbridge Roberts Creek, Town of Stockbridge Johnson Creek, Town of Stockbridge. Brothertown Creek, Town of Brothertown
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-35 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 5.11 Groundwater
Groundwater is a limited resource, and both its quality and quantity are important characteristics. These characteristics are primarily influenced by local geology and local land use. Precipitation percolates through the soil and bedrock where it eventually reaches a saturated zone known as an aquifer. It is from these aquifers that wells draw their water. (Refer to Map 5-3 for an aquifer vulnerability map and Map 5-4a for a water table elevation and groundwater flow map.)
According to the Calumet County Land and Water Conservation Department, most residents receive there drinking water from groundwater found in the fractured bedrock layer call the Silurian Aquifer. of the groundwater in Calumet County is stored in fractured bedrock. Wells tap these fractures to access the water.
Pollutants in groundwater are an issue of high concern in Calumet County. One common groundwater pollutant is nitrates. Nitrates are odorless, colorless, and tasteless and are the result of decaying organic matter. Nitrates are found in animal and human waste and are also found in fertilizers. Nitrate levels of less than two parts per million are considered naturally occurring and levels of two to 10 parts per million are considered elevated levels due to human activities. A nitrate level over 10 parts per million is considered unsafe for infants and is the enforcement standard. Private well testing results indicate that 32% of samples take from Calumet County wells from 2004 – 2010 have nitrate levels greater than 10 parts per million. An additional 30% have elevated levels. In some areas, such as areas located in the county’s Groundwater Protection Area (see map 5-4b), 76% of samples have tested for elevate or unsafe levels of nitrates. According to testing completed in 2004 in Calumet County, 26% of results were greater than 10 parts per million. In 2005 this percentage decreased to 10%.
Another common pollutant that wells are tested for are coliform bacteria. Coliform bacteria are considered indicators of the presence of more harmful bacteria. Another common groundwater pollutant is bacteria. Tests are completed for the presence of coliform bacteria which is an
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-36 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 indicator for the presence of more harmful bacteria. Sites that are positive for coliform are then tested for E. coli bacteria. Any level of E. coli bacteria is considered harmful because it is found in animal and human waste. Private well testing results taken from 2004 - 2010 indicate that 25% of samples tested positive for coliform bacteria and 5% were also positive for E. coli. Any positive result is considered unsafe for consumption. According to 2004 testing in Calumet County for bacteria, 31% of sites were unsafe for coliform and 7% were also unsafe for E. coli. In 2005, these percentages were 27% and 10% respectively.
Calumet County is particularly susceptible to groundwater contamination because fractured dolomite underlies most of the county. These fractures allow water and pollutants to move more efficiently and rapidly. There are also several large areas of the county which have thin soils over bedrock. Pollutants spread, stored, or spilled on thin soils can easily move through the thin soil layer and enter the groundwater. Unused wells can serve as direct pipelines to the groundwater. Contaminants at or near the surface, such as animal and human wastes or lawn and agricultural fertilizers, can enter the groundwater easily through unused wells and sinkholes.
Water moves very rapidly through the fractures in the bedrock, making it difficult to determine the source of contamination. However, most wells obtain water from less than one mile from the well itself. In some instances, depending on depth and pumping capacity of the well, this radius can extend beyond 2 miles in the Silurian Aquifer. In addition, water is influenced by recent land use activities. Well contaminations where well owners reported brown water coming out of faucets have occurred as recently as within 24 hours of a rain event. Groundwater movement through the fractured dolomite is multidirectional. Thus, it is difficult to trace the specific path and origin of pollutants.
Calumet County draws all of its water from the same aquifer (the Silurian Niagara Dolomite). Thus, all areas and all wells are susceptible to some extent. The source of contamination is often less than one mile from the well itself. This water is influenced by activities on the surface that occurred in the last year or two. Groundwater movement through the fractured dolomite is multidirectional. Thus, it is difficult to trace the specific path and origin of pollutants.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-37 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Some potential solutions have been identified to deal with Calumet County’s groundwater issues as follows.
Proper abandonment of unused wells. Test your water once a year. Pick up a sample bottle at the Calumet County Land and Water Conservation Department in Chilton. Identify karst features and shallow soils. Avoid nutrient and chemical application near sinkholes, exposed bedrock, areas of focused infiltration and other karst features (<300 ft upslope). Plant a permanent vegetative buffer of grasses or hay near karst features to better filter runoff. Divert runoff away from sinkholes or exposed bedrock in road ditches. If possible, properly close sinkholes in road ditches (cost sharing may be available). Install a berm upslope of the sinkhole to divert runoff. Encourage farmers to have and follow a nutrient management plan. Encourage non-compliant sanitary waste disposal systems to be brought into compliance with current codes. Encourage farmers to adopt conservation practices the improve water quality including but not limited to: Barnyard runoff designs Conservation Plans (erosion control plans) Proper design and siting of manure storage systems and compost piles Close failing or leaking manure storage systems Prescribed grazing of livestock Continue to educate landowners on issues.
Proper abandonment of unused wells. Avoid fertilizer and chemical use near sinkholes (<300 ft. upslope). Install a berm upslope of the sinkhole to divert runoff. Plant a permanent vegetative buffer of grasses or hay to better filter runoff. Proper citing of manure storage and compost piles. Water testing to be conducted once a year. Dig a deeper well. Continue to educate landowners on issues.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-38 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Groundwater Terms
Precipitation percolates through the soil and bedrock where it eventually reaches a saturated zone known as an aquifer. It is from these aquifers that wells draw their water.
The process of precipitation moving through the soil and bedrock and into an aquifer is known as groundwater recharge. Groundwater recharge maintains the quantity of water in an aquifer.
The natural process of recharge can be altered by land use and development. Impervious surfaces, or surfaces that prevent precipitation from soaking into the ground like buildings and pavement, affect the rate of recharge and quantity of available groundwater. Certain human uses of the land can carry harmful substances to a groundwater aquifer leading to groundwater contamination. There are many potential sources of contamination including manure, yard and agricultural fertilizers, road salt, failing septic systems, leaking underground storage tanks, and vehicle emissions.
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-40 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-3 Aquifer Vulnerability
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-42 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-4a Water Table Elevation and Groundwater Flow
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-44 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-4b Calumet County Groundwater Protection Area
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-46 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 5.12 Water Quality
Surface water and groundwater quality in Calumet County are influenced both by natural and developed conditions. Development factors that influence water quality include point and non- point sources of water pollution, the amount of impervious surface in a watershed, the potential pollution sources related to a particular land use, and the degree to which mitigation measures have been used. Natural factors that influence water quality include soils, geology, topography, climate, vegetation types, and the water cycle.
Clean Water Act and Impaired Waters, Section 303(d)
Section 303(d) of the federal Clean Water Act requires each state to periodically submit a list of impaired waters to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for approval. Impaired waters are those that are not meeting the state's water quality standards. The WDNR last submitted an updated list to EPA in April 20042010. EPA approved the list of impaired waters in September 20042010. The next updated list is due to be submitted to EPA on April 1, 20062012.
The following are identified impaired waters as submitted and approved in 20042010 by the WDNR and EPA for waters in Calumet County.
North Branch of the Manitowoc River Pollutants: Sedimentation, phosphorus Impairments: Destruction habitat, dissolved oxygen Identified as a warm water sport fishery The river is identified as a mediumlow priority
Pine Creek Pollutants: PCB Impairments: Fish consumption advisory Identified as a warm water sport fishery with PCB contamination, a fish consumption advisory is in effect, the waterway is identified as a highlow priority.
Jordon Creek Pollutants: PCB Impairments: Fish consumption advisory Identified as a warm water sport fishery Waterway is identified as a highlow priority
South Branch Manitowoc River (confluence with North Branch to Chilton) Pollutants: PCB Impairments: Fish consumption advisory Identified as a warm water sport fishery River is identified as a mediumlow priority
Unnamed tributary to South Branch Manitowoc River (T18N, R19E, Secs 11,14, 23 and 24) Pollutants: Sedimentation
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-47 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Impairments: Destruction Water Quality Terms habitat Identified as a limited forage Pollution that comes from a discharge pipe is fishery known as point source pollution. Municipal Waterway is identified as a new waste water treatment plants and industries addition to the list and is a low must obtain permits in order to discharge priority treated or processed water to a surface water body. Manitowoc River Pollutants: PCBs As precipitation and snow melt run across the Impairments: Contaminated surface of the land, they can pick up sediment sediment and other pollutants from the ground. This The river is identified as a low polluted runoff is known as non-point source priority pollution. Construction site erosion, municipal stormwater runoff, and uncontrolled Plum Creek agricultural runoff are the three primary sources Pollutants: Sedimentation of non-point source pollution. Impairments: Degraded habitat, elevated water Hard surfaces, like buildings and pavement, temperature that prevent precipitation from soaking into the The creek is identified as a high ground are known as impervious surfaces. priority Impervious surfaces prevent groundwater recharge, increase the speed of runoff, and Kankapot Creek increase the temperature of runoff. Pollutants: Phosphorus, sedimentation Measures taken to offset the negative impacts Impairments: Degraded habitat of point source or non-point source pollution The creek is identified as a high are known as mitigation. For example, priority preserving the natural vegetation along a shoreline can mitigate the impacts of East River impervious surfaces near a body of water. Pollutants: Unspecified metals Impairments: Chronic aquatic toxicity The creek is identified as a low priority
Lake Winnebago Pollutants: Mercury, PCB, phosphorus, sedimentation Impairments: Contaminated fish tissue, degraded habitat, Ddissolved oxygen, eutrophication, fish consumption advisory The lake is identified as a low/medium priority
Exceptional and Outstanding Resource Waters
Wisconsin has classified many of the state’s highest quality waters as Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs) or Exceptional Resource Waters (ERWs). Chapter NR 102 of the Wisconsin
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-48 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Administrative Code lists the ORWs and ERWs. The WDNR conducted a statewide evaluation in the early 1990s to determine which waters qualified for ORW and ERW classification.
According to the WDNR and maps updated as of 1999, there are no exceptional or outstanding resource waters in Calumet County.
Point Source Discharges
The WDNR regulates municipal, industrial, and significant animal waste operations discharging wastewater to surface or groundwaters through the Wisconsin Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (WPDES) permit program. Permits are issued for a maximum five year time frame. They establish the performance standards for the wastewater treatment systems and set numeric criteria the discharger must meet. The permit is the discharger's approval to discharge a set quantity of wastewater at a specific location.
As of 20052010, there arewere currently seventhree industrial and five large dairy concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) WPDES permit holders in Calumet County. They are:
BelGioioso Cheese, Inc., Harrison Brillion Iron Works, Inc., Brillion Foremost Farms USA Coop, Chilton Thiel Cheese and Ingredients, LLC, Woodville White Clover Dairy, Inc., HarrisonDallmann East River Dairy, Brillion Shiloh Dairy, Brillion Schneider Farms, Woodville Wholesome DairyHolsum-Irish, Rantoul Holsum-Elm, Chilton
As of 20052010, there arewere currently eight municipal WPDES permit holders in Calumet County. They are:
Brillion Wastewater Treatment Facility Chilton Wastewater Treatment Facility Forest Junction Sanitary District Hilbert Wastewater Treatment Facility New Holstein Wastewater Treatment Facility Potter Sanitary District Wastewater Treatment Facility Sherwood Wastewater Treatment Facility Stockbridge Wastewater Treatment Facility
Non-Point Sources of Pollution
As precipitation and snow melt run across the surface of the land, they can pick up sediment and other pollutants from the ground. This polluted runoff is known as non-point source pollution.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-49 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Construction site erosion, municipal stormwater runoff, and uncontrolled agricultural runoff are the three primary sources of non-point source pollution.
Animal Waste Facilities One of the most significant potential groundwater contamination sources is animal waste. Both storage and spreading of animal waste can contaminate groundwater if not done properly.
Animal waste storage facilities currently in use range from manure pits dug 50 years ago to newly engineered and installed storage structures. The State of Wisconsin regulates livestock operations with 1,000 animal units or more and those livestock operations with less than 1,000 animal units that have discharges that significantly affect water quality. Animal waste contains chlorides, nitrogen, and phosphorus, among other pollutants. Through NR 243 Wis. Adm. Code, some of the worst sites in the state have been addressed, but significant animal waste problems remain. The WDNR has codified statewide performance standards that apply to agricultural operations of various types and sizes. These performance standards include:
Manure management prohibitions. Nutrient management. Manure storage. Soil loss from riparian fields.
Implementation of the standards and prohibitions will occur primarily through the counties, although the WDNR will be the main implementation authority for state permitted facilities.
All livestock and poultry operations in Wisconsin, regardless of size, must abide by the four common-sense manure management prohibitions. These prohibitions are required by NR151. The purpose of these prohibitions is to protect water quality from adverse impacts related to manure discharges by encouraging practices that should become common-sense for every producer.
1. No overflow of manure storage facilities.
2. No unconfined manure piles in water quality management areas (within 300 ft. of a stream, 1000 ft. of a lake, or areas where the groundwater is susceptible to contamination).
3. No direct runoff from a feedlot or stored manure into waters of the state.
4. No unlimited livestock access to waters of the state where high concentrations of animals prevent the maintenance of adequate sod cover or self-sustaining vegetation.
Wellhead Protection
The goal of wellhead protection is to prevent potential contaminants from reaching the wells that supply municipal water systems. This is accomplished by monitoring and controlling potential pollution sources within the land area that recharge those wells.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-50 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Wellhead protection planning is administered by the WDNR as required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the 1986 amendments to the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act. Wellhead planning is encouraged for all communities, but is required when any new municipal well is proposed.
The general process of community-level wellhead protection planning includes:
1. Forming a planning committee. 2. Delineating the wellhead protection area. 3. Inventorying potential groundwater contamination sources. 4. Managing the wellhead protection area.
The Villages of Sherwood, Stockbridge, and Hilbert and the Cities of Chilton and New Holstein have completed wellhead protection plans.
5.13 Air Quality
In order to evaluate the quality of the air and to protect the public health, a series of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) have been developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as established in section 109 of the Clean Air Act. According to the Wisconsin Air Quality Report, as prepared by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), the air pollutants affecting Wisconsin include sulfur dioxide, suspended particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, oxides of nitrogen, lead, sulfates, and nitrates. Calumet County is considered an attainment area, which is an area that meets the NAAQS defined in the Federal Clean Air Act.
While compliance with NAAQS is not likely to become a concern in Calumet County, there are localized air quality issues that commonly face rural areas. Concerns with airborne particulates, or dust, may also be a concern where residential land use is in close proximity to extraction operations or agricultural operations. Outdoor burning can lead to air quality problems in a particular neighborhood if garbage or other materials that release toxic substances are burned, or if burning occurs in a densely populated area. Issues might arise from improper open burning, improper use of burning barrels, or the improper use of outdoor wood burners (furnaces).
5.14 Environmental Corridors & Sensitive Areas
Designated State Natural Areas
State Natural Areas (SNAs) protect outstanding examples of Wisconsin's native landscape - often the last refuge for rare plants and animals. Natural Areas are valuable for research and educational use, the preservation of genetic and biological diversity, and for providing benchmarks for determining the impact of use on managed lands. As such, they are not intended for intensive recreation. State Natural Areas are designated by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. There are two State Natural Areas in Calumet County. Map 5-2, Environmental and Water Features, and Map 5-3, Natural and Ecological Areas, designate the location of natural and environmental features.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-51 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 High Cliff Escarpment High Cliff Escarpment features both shaded and exposed cliff habitats along the Niagara Escarpment, talus slopes supporting wet-mesic forest, more than a mile of Lake Winnebago shoreline, and outstanding examples of conical and effigy mounds in the level woodland above the escarpment. High Cliff gets its name from the limestone cliff of the Niagara Escarpment, which parallels the eastern shore of Lake Winnebago. This ledge extends northeasterly to the Door County peninsula and on to Niagara Falls, New York. At the escarpment summit are vertical cliffs up to 25 feet high that contain fragile fern, bulblet fern, leaf cup, cliff stickseed, and long-beaked sedge. The talus slope below the cliff is composed chiefly of small, flat rocks, although some areas of large limestone boulders occur, and many seepages emanate from the rocks. The undisturbed forest on the slope is composed of sugar maple, basswood, white ash, green ash, elm, hackberry, and butternut. Closer to the lake, willows and cottonwood gradually appear. A rich herbaceous layer includes wild ginger, great water-leaf, false rue anemone, squirrel-corn, toothwort, and Canada violet. High Cliff Escarpment is owned by the DNR and was designated a State Natural Area in 1982.
Stockbridge Ledge Woods Stockbridge Ledge Woods features a mature forest situated on the top of the Niagara Escarpment. The forest is dominated by large sugar maple, American beech, basswood, remnant burr oaks, and especially white oak. The escarpment in this vicinity was probably prairie savanna at one time for many prairie species persist along and near the ledge. Its position atop the escarpment affords a scenic view of Lake Winnebago. There is a good diversity of tree sizes and an equally diverse under story. The herbaceous layer includes wood anemone, blue cohosh, nodding trillium, trout-lily, may-apple, bellwort, early meadow-rue, Missouri goldenrod, Pennsylvania sedge, thimbleweed, shooting-star, and hepatica. Cream gentian (Gentiana alba), which has been defined by the state as a threatened species, has been recorded in the area. Additional rare species would probably be found with more inventory work. Ephemeral ponds are present throughout the flat crest of the outcrop. Stockbridge Ledge Woods is owned by the DNR and was designated a State Natural Area in 2002.
Land Legacy Places
At the request of the Natural Resources Board, the Department of Natural Resources undertook a study to identify places that would be critical in meeting Wisconsin's conservation and recreation needs over the next 50 years. The study did not address how or when these “Legacy Places” should be protected or who should be responsible for implementing protection measures. The outcome of the three-year effort was a Land Legacy Report that catalogues the results of the study.
Land Legacy Places identified by the report as being located or partially located in Calumet County include the following.
Manitowoc – Branch River. Originating in a series of vast wetlands on the east side of the Niagara Escarpment, the Manitowoc River flows through a landscape of farm fields and forests before entering Lake Michigan. A key tributary, the Branch River, adds considerable volume. In its upper reaches, the river and its tributaries act as ecological connections between the wetlands that dominate the Killsnake, Brillion, and Collins
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-52 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Marsh State Wildlife Areas. These Wildlife Areas provide over 15,000 acres of wildlife habitat and associated recreation opportunities. Maintaining the surrounding landscape in agriculture would help ensure that these properties meet their recreation and ecological potential. Further downstream the river bottoms support extensive fish spawning habitat and are important to nesting and migrating waterfowl.
This river system supports several rare aquatic species, including greater redhorse and wood turtles. The river acts as a travel corridor for many species moving from the large wetlands upstream down to the Lake Michigan shore and the large protected properties of Woodland Dunes and Point Beach State Forest.
Sections of this river system could provide trails for the Ice Age Trail corridor. Canoeing opportunities are best along middle and lower sections of the river. Increased stocking of various strains of steelhead in the late 1980s resulted in an outstanding stream fishery in the spring and fall seasons. At present, anglers are hampered by a lack of access to these rivers. The Manitowoc River has a few public access points, but access on the Branch River is limited to road crossings. Better access on both streams would allow anglers and other users to more fully enjoy these waters.
Niagara Escarpment. This linear, high ridge provides many of the state’s most spectacular views and is the logical means to link many existing protected areas on and near the Escarpment. Ellison Bluff, Red Banks Alvar, Carlsville Bluff, High Cliff State Park, Lake Winnebago and Horicon Ledge are some of the best-known places along the Escarpment. Given its length and proximity to the Fox River Valley cities, it is one of the most frequently visited features in the state and there is considerable interest in protecting additional areas to meet conservation and recreation needs.
Given the numerous rock outcrops, cliffs, and talus slopes, the Escarpment also harbors some very unusual habitats that in turn support many uncommon species. Pockets of ancient cedar trees, cold springs, and areas where cool air gently flows out of the rocky hillsides are scattered along the Escarpment. These fragile microhabitats support delicate ferns, flowers, and maybe most notably, a diverse array of extraordinarily rare snails.
Areas along the Escarpment have relatively thin soil deposits as a result of glacial scouring and little post-glacial deposition. These soil conditions, combined with the fractured nature of the dolomite, can lead to groundwater contamination problems.
Other State Natural Areas and Ecological Sites
Brillion Marsh Wildlife Area Brillion Marsh, a state owned wildlife area, is the largest wetland in the watershed. The total acreage of the marsh is 4,802 acres. The marsh is used extensively by the public for hunting, trapping, dog trailing and training, snowmobiling, and nature observation. The area is managed for waterfowl. Numerous wetland and wildlife species use the area
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-53 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Trail at Brillion Nature Center during migrations as well as summer residents like osprey, sand hill cranes, great blue herons, and many grassland species like bluebirds and short-eared owls.
Hayton Marsh Hayton Marsh, known locally as the Hayton Swamp, is located in westerneastern Calumet County, six miles east of Chilton. The area is wet, but has little to no standing water. Its low elevation keeps it too wet to farm.
Killsnake Wildlife Area The center of the area includes the confluence of the Killsnake River, the South Branch of the Manitowoc River, and Cedar Creek. Carp and bullheads are the most common fish species, with northern pike, rock bass, white sucker, fathead minnow, creek chub, and other forage minnows also present. The Killsnake Wildlife Area also supports a large number of waterfowl on its numerous small ponds and streams as well as other grassland birds on the grassed uplands contained within the property boundaries. Supported grassland bird species include the rare bob- o-links, meadowlarks, upland sandpipers, short-eared owls, pheasants, and many other species that depend upon grasslands to survive. Approximately 75%, 4,224 acres, of the 7,012 acre wildlife area is located in Calumet County.
Kiel Marsh Wildlife Area Located south of the City of Kiel, this 804843 acre state-owned natural area occupies land in Manitowoc, Calumet, and Sheboygan Counties. Approximately 335 acres are located in Calumet County. The habitat consists of brush, marsh, forest, and open water. Recreation opportunities are available including canoeing and fishing. There is also an abundance of wildlife including waterfowl, furbearers, northern pike, panfish, great blue herons, and black terns.
Grass Lake Bog Located south of the City of Brillion in the Town of Rantoul, this 240 acre site features a wild pothole lake surrounded by extensive wetlands, including cattail and reed canary grass monotypes, willow and alder thickets, tamarack swamp forest, and scrubby bog. The site is privately owned.
Ludwig Mesic Forest The forest is located south of Stockbridge on the east side of Ledge Road near its intersection with CTH F. This privately owned 30 acre parcel contains a southern mesic forest. Dominant species of the old growth forest include sugar maple, American beech, and basswood. A good diversity of tree size classes and under story herbs are found at the site.
Steffen Woods This private holding 50 acre site is located on the north side of CTH H east of the South Branch of the Manitowoc River in the Town of Brothertown. The site features a southern mesic forest, which grades into a swamp forest near the river.
Shady Lane Hardwood Swamp This swamp is an 80 acre parcel in the Town of Stockbridge. The privately owned site features a southern wet-mesic forest and a hardwood swamp of basswood and black ash.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-54 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Sperber-Krueger Woods This privately owned 150 acre site in the Town of Woodville features a floodplain (wet-mesic) forest near the North Branch of the Manitowoc River. There are a number of sizeable trees found at the site.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-55 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-5 Natural and Ecological Areas
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-57 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 5.15 Wildlife Habitat
Wildlife habitat is any natural community with adequate food, water, and cover to sustain a species of wildlife. The Calumet County landscape provides habitat for a variety of birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, and fish. Wildlife habitat is connected to many other natural resources including forests, wetlands, open space, and surface water, so healthy wildlife populations are good indicators of the overall health of the environment.
About 80 % of Calumet County’s land area is forest or cropland. Whitetail deer and wild turkey thrive in this environment, using the forest for shelter and the fields for feeding. These species are so abundant that they can cause occasional crop damage. Many bird species also benefit from the interface between forest and Deer on Ledge Road open space. Red-tailed hawks, Cooper’s hawks, and other predatory birds nest in the woodlands and feed in the open country.
Wetland habitat covers approximately 13.2% of the county, including the Brillion, Killsnake, and Kiel Marsh Wildlife Areas. The combination of open water, grasses, shrubs, and brush provide enough variety of cover and food sources to sustain a diversity of species. Birds, in particular, thrive in this habitat. Countless species of migratory waterfowl migrate and use these wetlands as vital stopping grounds. Sand hill cranes are common, while uncommon species like ospreys and even the rare whooping crane have been spotted in the county’s wetlands.
The Niagara Escarpment, with its unique geology and topography, is home to rare plants and animals. The cliffs and talus slopes are crucial for rare land snails and hibernating bats. Even common species such as turkeys, rabbits, foxes, and deer rely on the undeveloped stretches of escarpment for cover. Small mammals use the cracks and crevasses in the cliffs for dens and hiding places.
Lake Winnebago, a large and shallow freshwater habitat, supports approximately 81 species of fish. Popular sport fish include walleye and yellow perch and more rare fish found in the lake include lake sturgeon and sauger. The Lake Winnebago system sustains one of the largest populations of lake sturgeon in the world. This prehistoric fish, which date back 100 million years to the time of the dinosaurs, appears to be threatened over most of its range but is still quite common here. The sauger, a close relative to the walleye, was once a popular sport fish but experienced a severe population decline in the 1980’s. A ban on sauger harvest and efforts to enhance its spawning habitat has brought back hope for this species.
Wildlife Watching and Economic Benefits
In April of 2005 the St. Paul Pioneer Press newspaper reported on the increasing economic effects of wildlife watching. According to the article, wildlife watching is on the rise while
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-58 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 hunting and fishing continue to decline. Women with children and aging baby boomers appear to be leading the wildlife watching trend, a potential economic boon that more businesses and communities are looking to capitalize on.
Wildlife watchers refers to people whose primary purpose in going outdoors is to observe, photograph or feed birds, fish, and other animals. Increasingly, more people are doing it, according to state and federal surveys which is fueling nature-based tourism and festivals that some communities see as an opportunity to grow without adding buildings. More than $400744 million is spent in Wisconsin annually on wildlife watching, according to the latest survey by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. There are rRoughly 4671 million U.S. residents participated in wildlife watching activitiesbirders in the United States, according to the most recent2006 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service study, which found that the hobby accounted for $3245.7 billion in total wildlife watching expendituresretail sales nationwide in 2001. The study also reports that 4139% of Wisconsinites say they are wildlife watchersbirders, some casual backyard birders and others who log many miles for their hobby.
5.16 Threatened and Endangered Species
Wisconsin's Natural Heritage Inventory (NHI), established in 1985 by the Wisconsin Legislature, is maintained by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources' (WDNR) Bureau of Endangered Resources. The NHI program is responsible for maintaining data on the locations and status of rare species, natural communities, and natural features in Wisconsin. The Wisconsin NHI program is part of an international network of inventory programs that collect, process, and manage data on the occurrences of natural biological diversity using standard methodology.
Wisconsin's Natural Heritage Inventory program's three objectives are to: collect information on occurrences of rare plants and animals, high-quality natural communities, and significant natural features in Wisconsin; standardize this information, enter it into an electronic database, and mark locations on base maps for the state; and use this information to further the protection and management of rare species, natural communities, and natural features.
According to NHI mapping for Calumet County, the following rare species and natural communities are found in the county. The dates following the occurrence name notes the most recent year the occurrence was recorded in the county.
Aquatic OccurrencesAnimals
Animal Yellow Rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis, 1991 Northern Cricket Frog, Acris crepitans Henslow’s Sparrow, Ammodramus henslowii Side-swimmer, Crangonyx gracilis, 1994 Banded Killifish, Fundulus diaphanous, 1964** Greater Redhorse, Moxostoma valenciennesi, 1979** Blanchard's Cricket Frog, Acris crepitans blanchardi, 1982**
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-59 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Bat Hibernaculum, Bat hibernaculum Red-shouldered Hawk, Buteo lineatus Black Tern, Chlidonias niger Gorgone Checker Spot, Chlosyne gorgone Yellow Rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis Bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus Herp Hibernaculum, Herp Hibernaculum Pickerel Frog, Lithobates palustris Migratory Bird Concentration Site, Migratory Bird Concentration Site Greater Redhorse, Moxostoma valenciennesi (being considered for delisting in February 2012) Dentate Supercoil, Paravitrea multidentata Thin-lip Vallonia, Vallonia perspective
Plants
Short's Rock-cress, Arabis shortii Ram's-head Lady's-slipper, Cypripedium arietinum, 1891 Yellow Gentian, Gentiana alba (being considered for delisting in February 2012) Prairie Parsley, Polytaenia nuttallii Snow Trillium, Trillium nivale
Natural Communities
Dry cliff Open Bog, 1982 Shrub-carr, 1982 Emergent mMarsh, 1982 Floodplain fForest, 1979 Moist cliff, 1983 Northern wWet fForest, 1982 Open bog Shrub-carr Southern mesic forest Talus forest
Terrestrial Occurrences
Animal
Land Snail, Succinea bakeri, 1998 Land Snail, Catinella gelida, 1998 Bat Hibernaculum, Bat hibernaculum, 1986 Dentate Supercoil, Paravitrea multidentata, 1996 Thin-lip Vallonia, Vallonia perspective, 1998 Broad-winged Skipper, Poanes viator, 1990 Northern Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus edwardsii, 1986
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-60 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Plants
Snow Trillium, Trillium nivale, 1995 Yellow Gentian, Gentiana alba, 1992 Prairie Parsley, Polytaenia nuttallii, 1848 Short's Rock-cress, Arabis shortii, 1994
Natural Communities
Dry Cliff, 1983 Moist Cliff, 1983 Talus Forest, 1999 Southern Mesic Forest, 2000
**Aquatic and terrestrial resources identified in the WDNR’s Wisconsin’s Strategy for Wildlife Species of Greatest Conservation Need completed in 2005. This report provides further information on the particular species identified. Available information includes general location of occurrences, threats and issues, and priority conservation actions.
5.17 Historic and Cultural Resources
Preserving important aspects of our past gives us a sense of continuity and meaning and historic preservation efforts often foster community pride. Because cultural resources provide an important window to the past, many Wisconsin residents seek to retain those resources that make their communities distinctive. The presence of these resources also creates a level of respect for those individuals who formed the character of the community new residents now enjoy.
In addition to maintaining a community’s distinctive character, cultural resource preservation can lead to tangible economic benefits. For example, by retaining and emphasizing historic heritage, tourism can increase. In urban areas, where the deterioration of central-city neighborhoods has resulted in a decline in property values, preservation offers a positive alternative to continued decay. In many cases, overall neighborhood improvement and investment in rehabilitation has led to increased real estate values and municipal tax revenues.
Overall, planning for cultural resource preservation can have several benefits. The cultural resource section of a comprehensive plan can serve as the first step in a cultural and historic preservation effort. This section can also be used as a base for a more detailed analysis of historic preservation at a later date.
Calumet County History
Calumet County was organized in 1836 under the laws of Wisconsin Territory. In 1840, Calumet County’s territory was declared non-existent and it reverted back to Brown County. It was re-established in 1842 when the Act declaring Calumet County non-existent was rescinded.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-61 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County derived its name from a Menominee Indian Village lying on the east shore of Lake Winnebago. The name means ‘peace’ and signifies the Indian Pipe of Peace. Traces of prehistoric Indian mound builders can be found today as evidence of their earlier occupation.
The county seat, originally located in Stockbridge, was moved to Chilton in 1856. The county’s economy was based on agriculture and later on manufacturing. In 1839, Congress granted the Brothertown Indians rights of citizenship and in 1843 the Stockbridge Indians received similar recognition.
Records show that the first County Board meeting was held in 1851. The first courthouse and jail in the City of Chilton was a wooden structure built circa 1860 at the present site.
Historic Places
State and National Register The National Register of Historic Places recognizes properties of local, state, and national significance. Properties are listed in the National Register because of their association with significant persons or events, because they contain important information about our history or prehistory, or because of their architectural or engineering significance. The National Register also lists important groupings of properties as historic districts. In addition, the National Park Service highlights properties that have significance to the nation as a whole by conferring them the status of National Historic Landmark.
The Wisconsin State Register of Historic Places parallels the National Register. However, it is designed to enable state-level historic preservation protection and benefits. Most of the properties in Wisconsin listed in the National Register are also listed in the State Register.
According to the Wisconsin Historical Society there are 10 sites located in Calumet County that are on the National and State Register, which are detailed below. The period of significance indicates the length of time when a property was associated with important events, activities or persons, or attained the characteristics that qualify it for register listing.
City of Chilton, Calumet County Courthouse. Listed on the State and National Register in 1982. The architectural style is described as classical revival. The period of significance is from 1900-1924.
City of Chilton, Chilton Post Office. Listed on the National Register in 2000. Identified as a colonial revival architectural type. The period of significance is 1940.
City of New Holstein, Herman C. Timm House. Listed on the State and National Register in 1996. Herman C. Timm was a successful New Holstein grain merchant. He was also elected as the first president of the Village of New Holstein in 1901 and founded Herman C. Timm house, New Holstein. Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-62 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 the State Bank of New Holstein the very next year. The building is a single dwelling with a described architectural style of Greek revival. The period is 1850-1899.
Town of Charlestown, Aebischer Site. Listed on the National Register in 1985. Site is identified as prehistoric, 9000-9999 BC. The site is related to agriculture and animals. There are no buildings or structures at the site.
Town of Stockbridge, site located in Calumet County Park. Listed on State and National Register in 1997. Site is identified as a ceremonial site, with graves and burial sites. The site is identified as a prehistoric site.
Town of Stockbridge, Stockbridge Harbor. Listed in the State and National Register in 1998. From about 1100 to 1200 A.D, a large Native American village existed on the north side of the harbor. Pottery uncovered at the site indicates that two tribes lived together in the village—Effigy Mound Builders and Late Woodland agriculturalists.
Town of Stockbridge, Stockbridge Indian Cemetery. Listed on the National Register in 1980. The period of significance is 1850-1874 and 1825-1849.
Town of Brillion, Haese Memorial Village Historic District. Listed in the State and National Register in 1982. The architectural style is early commercial. The period of significance is 1874-1884. There are nine total buildings in the district.
Town of Harrison, High Cliff Mounds. Listed in the National Register in 1997. Site is identified as a ceremonial site, with graves and burial sites. The site is identified as a prehistoric site.
Town of Brothertown, Ridge Group. Listed in the National Register in 1978. The site is identified as funerary, camp, and mortuary with a period of significance of 1499-1000 AD.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-63 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 5-6 Historical and Cultural Resources
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-65 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory (AHI) The Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory (AHI), provided by the Wisconsin Historical Society, lists historical and architectural information on properties in Wisconsin. The AHI contains data on buildings, structures, and objects that illustrate Wisconsin’s unique history. The majority of properties listed are privately owned. Listed properties convey no special status, rights, or benefits. This inventory could be used by the county and its communities as another source for information on historical or architecturally important sites.
Identified below are the communities located within or partially within Calumet County and the number of AHI sites found within the respective community.
City of Appleton, 1,817 City of Brillion, 24 City of Chilton, 170 City of Kiel, 52 City of Menasha, 1,170 City of New Holstein, 75 Village of Hilbert, 27 Village of Potter, 0 Village of Sherwood, 33 Village of Stockbridge, 16 Town of Brillion, 45 Town of Brothertown, 41 Town of Charlestown, 44 Town of Chilton, 27 Town of Harrison, 84 Town of New Holstein, 45 Town of Rantoul, 44 Town of Stockbridge, 17 Town of Woodville, 34
Museums, Monuments, and Other Attractions
Tayco Street Bridge Museum, City of Menasha Located at Tayco and Main Street, Menasha, the museum includes historic photos and artifacts bringing the job of a bridge-tender to life. The museum is open May through October during navigational season from 10 a.m.-7 p.m. For further information call (920) 751-5155.
Kiel Area Historical Society House, City of Kiel Located in Kiel, on Fremont Street, this historic house contains period furnishings and area artifacts. Open house tours are offered throughout the year. For more information contact the Kiel Historical Society President Vickie Anderson at (920) 894-2126.
Calumet County Historical Museum Located just one mile south of Chilton on STH 32/57, the Calumet County Historical Museum is open from Memorial Day Weekend through Labor Day. The museum is home to thousands of artifacts that chronicle the history of Chilton and Calumet County. Some of the highlights
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-66 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 include old-time dental equipment, photographs of Chilton in the early 1900s, a large, stained- glass church window and pews, and a number of dresses and other fashion pieces from the 1920s.
The Pioneer Museum Located on Railroad Street in New Holstein, visitors will find the Pioneer Museum. The Pioneer Museum is packed with displays, photographs, and artifacts of early New Holstein community life. Highlights include a diorama of how the city was laid out in its early years, an unusual collection of buttons from clothing, and a room displaying engines produced at Tecumseh (originally called the Lauson Company) throughout the years.
The Portland Church and Cemetery Pioneer Museum, New Holstein. The Portland Historic Site is located on CTH E, three miles west of STH 57/32 and three miles east of Stockbridge at STH 55, and maintains an old, New England-style church and historic cemetery.
A restored New England style church and an adjacent community cemetery make up the site. That is all that remains of a once thriving community that has nearly vanished. The community was once represented by the Brant Paptis Church, the Twain School (today a private home), stores, and a post office. The church, built by Joseph Trevor, is a fine example of New England architecture. It served Methodist-Episcopal faith communities. The cemetery holds the grave sites of three soldiers who fought in the War of 1812, and 45 soldiers who fought in the Civil War.
Ariens Company Museum The museum is located at 109 Calumet Street in Brillion. The Ariens Company Museum, established in 2003, celebrates decades of Ariens history, looks at the evolution of technology and innovation, and allows visitors to learn about the family behind the machines.
Brillion History House The Brillion History House, the Green Hotel, was Brillion's first hotel, built by F. F. Green - the son of Asaph Green, a Chilton pioneer - in 1872. It was originally located on the southern portion of the Brillion Public School property. In 1969 the Brillion Historical Society took over the Green Hotel to house Brillion's historical artifacts, and moved it from its original location on Main Street, to its current Francis Street location. Visitors of the Green Hotel can learn about Brillion through its various displays and pictures.
High Cliff General Store Museum The High Cliff General Store Museum shares the history of the park in one of the original buildings from Sherwood's past. The park contains artifacts and other historical items from a time when Sherwood was a mining community. Visitors can purchase ice cream, candy, and other items while examining the items in the museum. The High Cliff General Store Museum is open noon to 5:00 p.m., Friday through Sunday from Memorial Day through Labor Day.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-67 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Historic Bridges of Calumet County Calumet County is home to numerous bridges, some over 100 years old, which contribute to the historical and cultural features of the county. Most of these bridges are made from hand laid stone or concrete. Some of the most notable historic bridges of the county include the following:
Man-Cal Road: Built in 1922, a 24’ wide bridge over a tributary to the East River. Located 1.2 miles east of the junction with STH 57.
Irish Road: Built in 1920, a 17’ wide bridge over the north branch of the Manitowoc River. Located 0.8 miles south of the intersection of Irish Road and STH 57.
Lemke Road: Built in 1918, a 19’ wide bridge over the Killsnake River. Two miles north of the junction with USH 151.
Hayton Road: Built in 1900, a 27’ wide bridge over Pine Creek. Approximately 0.1 miles Irish Road Bridge, Town of Brillion south of the junction with CTH T.
Weeks Road: Built in 1900, an 18’ wide bridge over the south branch of the Manitowoc River. Located 0.1 mile north of the junction with USH 151.
Charlesburg Road: Built in 1930, a 22’ wide bridge over Pine Creek. Located 0.2 miles west of the junction with CTH T.
Grand Street (City of Chilton): Built in 1927, a 30’ wide bridge over the south branch of the Manitowoc River. Located 0.2 miles east of the junction with STH 57.
Killsnake Road: Built in 1925, a 27’ wide bridge over the Killsnake River. Located 2.7 miles west of the junction with STH 57.
Mud Creek Road: Built in 1930, a 19’ wide bridge over Mud Creek. Located 0.7 miles west of the junction with STH 55.
5.18 Community Design
Community design as a cultural resource helps explain the origins and history of how a given community looks, feels, and functions in the present day. Components of the origin of community design include historic settlement patterns, resource use (like mining, farming, and forestry) in rural areas, the industries and businesses that influenced urban areas, transportation features and traffic flow patterns, natural features like rivers, lakes, and wetlands, and the heritage and values of the people that lived in a community in the past and that live there today. These factors might be expressed through street layout, building architecture, landscaping, preservation of natural features, development density, and other components of development
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-68 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 design. The design of a community as seen today might also be influenced by community decisions including the use of zoning and subdivision controls, the establishment of parks and other community facilities, the use of historic preservation, and in some cases, the use of land use planning. One Calumet County example of community design includes the Village of Hilbert. The village draws much of its settlement pattern and history from the railroad located in the community.
5.19 Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources Programs
The following are agricultural, natural, and cultural resource programs, agencies, and activities that are currently in use or available for use in Calumet County. The following can be used to gather further information about agricultural, natural, and cultural resources and to assist in implementation of related goals.
State Programs
Agricultural Enterprise Area (AEA) Farmers in Calumet County may receive tax credits through the State of Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) Agricultural Enterprise Area (AEA) program. {Note: It should be noted not to confuse the DATCP AEA program with the Agricultural Enterprise land use classification used throughout this document.}The designation of an AEA is voluntary and can be initiated by land owners or local governments by filing a petition with DATCP. At a minimum, the land subject of the petition must be identified as being in a farmland preservation area in the county’s Farmland Preservation Plan, be a contiguous land area, and primarily be used for agriculture. If the land is in an AEA, part of a Farmland Preservation Agreement, and meets eligibility and conservation requirements, the farmer can receive a tax credit of $5 per acre. Land in an AEA does not have to have Exclusive Agricultural or Farmland Preservation zoning. However, the tax credit is increased to $10 per acre when the land is both in an AEA and zoned Exclusive Agricultural or Farmland Preservation.
Lake Planning Grant Funds are available to collect and analyze information needed to protect and restore lakes and their watersheds. Types of projects include physical, chemical, biological, and sociological data collection, water quality assessment, and watershed evaluation including county-wide or regional initiatives. Contact the WDNR for further information.
Lake Protection Grant Funds are available to protect and improve the water quality of lakes and their ecosystems. Grants are available for purchasing land or easements, restoration of wetlands, development of local regulations to protect water quality, lake improvement activities called for in a Department approved plan, and countywide lake classification. Contact the WDNR Regional Lakes Coordinator for more information.
Non-Point Pollution Abatement Program Funds are available to improve water quality by limiting or ending sources of non-point source (run-off) water pollution by providing financial and technical assistance to landowners, land operators, municipalities, and other governmental units. Governmental units within designated
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-69 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 priority watersheds and priority lakes are eligible to apply. Eligible projects are watersheds and lakes where: 1) the water quality improvement or protection will be great in relation to funds expended; 2) the installation of best management practices is feasible to abate water pollution caused by non-point source pollution; and 3) the local governmental units and agencies involved are willing to carry out program responsibilities. Efforts are focused statewide in critical watersheds and lakes where nonpoint source related water quality problems are most severe and control is most feasible. Rural landowners and land operators located in selected priority watersheds and priority lakes can contact their county land conservation departments to explain the program and have the landowner/land operator sign for cost sharing best management practices. Non-rural landowners and land operators can contact their municipal government offices. A watershed or lake project normally has a 10-12 year time frame: two years for planning and eight to 10 years to implement best management practices. Contact the WDNR Regional Environmental Grant Specialist for further information.
Wisconsin Historical Preservation Tax Credits One of the benefits of owning a historic property in Wisconsin is the ability to participate in federal and state income tax incentives programs for rehabilitation of historic properties. There are currently three programs available to owners of properties that are either listed in, or determined to be eligible for listing in, the state or national registers of historic places. The three programs are:
1. Federal 20% Historic Rehabilitation Credit. 2. Wisconsin 5% Supplement to Federal Historic Rehabilitation Credit. 3. Wisconsin 25% Historic Rehabilitation Credit.
The State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Division of Historic Preservation should be contacted for further information.
Regional Programs
Niagara Escarpment Resource Network (NERN) The Niagara Escarpment Resource Network (NERN) is an assembly of stakeholders interested in the land use and ecology surrounding the Niagara Escarpment. As part of the initial work for the NERN, the Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission drafted an Inventory and Assessment of the Resources of the Niagara Escarpment in Wisconsin, 2000. This document describes existing conditions, provides background information, examines development pressures, and includes planning and preservation recommendations. For further information visit the NERN web-site or contact at Network.
Lakeshore Natural Resource Partnership (LNRP) The LNRP is a unique citizen initiative that promotes and facilitates local community efforts to preserve and improve the local environment. LNRP does this by fostering community partnerships, awarding grants, and promoting and supporting activities to further the understanding of the natural resources of the Lakeshore Basin.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-70 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 County Programs
Purchase of Agricultural Conservation Easement (PACE) Program In March 2011, Calumet County adopted Article I of Chapter 36 of the Calumet County Code of Ordinances (Purchase of Agricultural Conservation Easement Program). The PACE program is a way of paying farmers for their willingness to accept a deed restriction on their land that limits future development for non-agricultural purposes. The land owners are compensated for the fair market value of their land, based on the difference between what it could be sold for on the open market with no restrictions and what it can be sold for once an easement is placed on the land. The application process is competitive with the most productive and best-suited land being accepted into the program, subject to funding availability. Cash from the sale of the conservation easement can be used for reducing debt, lowering operating costs, improving or expanding farm operation, college education, retirement, etc.
East Winnebago Priority Watershed Project (EWPWP) Funded by the WDNR and implemented by the Calumet County Land and Water Conservation Department, the EWPWP was begun in 1989 when the impact of agricultural non-point pollution on Lake Winnebago surface water quality was identified as a serious problem. The project has offered landowners cost-sharing to implement land management practices that reduce soil erosion, minimize runoff of manures and crop nutrients, and limit construction site impact on surface waters.
The EWPWP is one of the most successful priority watershed projects in the state. Calumet County has been able to implement a high number of projects to improve the watershed. December 31, 2003 was the last day of the EWPWP.
Land and Water Resource Management (LWRM) Program Wisconsin Statutes (Chapter 92.10) requires each county to prepare a LWRM plan as a condition of state grants through the Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP). This planning process was adopted in October of 1997. It is intended to be more comprehensive by including local citizen input into the county’s local natural resource management issues. This program is managed by the Calumet County Land & Water Conservation Department.
Calumet County Groundwater Guardian Program The mission of the programs is to develop a statewide constituency to promote stewardship and sound management of groundwater resources. The Wisconsin Groundwater Guardian Programs seeks to promote the adoption of the Groundwater Guardian program in Wisconsin communities, provide assistance to currently participating communities, and help Groundwater Guardian communities communicate with and learn from each other's activities. For further information on the program in Calumet County contact the Calumet County UW Extension.
Calumet County Cooperative Extension Cooperative Extension develops practical educational programs tailored to local needs and based on University of Wisconsin knowledge and research. County-based Extension educators are University of Wisconsin faculty and staff who are experts in agriculture and agribusiness,
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-71 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 community and economic development, natural resources, family living, and youth development. For more information on services contact the Calumet County Cooperative Extension.
Calumet County Land and Water Conservation Department (LWCD) Additional Programs
Farmland Preservation Program Conservation Compliance: This is a state mandated cross-compliance rule that requires all landowners receiving a tax credit through this program meet the State Performance Standards for Soil and Water Conservationmaintain cropland soil erosion rates at “tolerable” levels (as defined by NRCS technical standards). The LWCD is responsible for writing and updating conservation plans for landowners yearly. The LWCD is also required to spot check 20% to 25% of the program participants each year. This program is administered jointly between the LWCD and the Planning and Zoning Department.
Animal Waste Rule NR-243: This is a DNR regulatory program that operates on a complaint-driven basis. The DNR must investigate complaints and determine if an operation is causing a significant water quality problem. If so, the DNR issues a Notice of Discharge to the landowner, which requires adoption of animal waste runoff control practices. The owner is directed to the LWCD to obtain technical assistance. The LWCD recommends the practices needed to solve the problem and will design and supervise the installation of those practices. Cost sharing is offered through DATCP.
Animal Waste Storage Ordinance: This county ordinance became effective in 1989. It is designed to prevent water pollution by requiring all new manure storage facilities or modifications to existing storage facilities be designed and built according to NRCS technical standards. A landowner is required to obtain a permit from the LWCD on all plans, and the work done must be inspected by LWCD staff prior to utilization.
Wildlife Damage and Abatement: The LWCD maintains a contract with USDA-APHIS- ADC to provide landowner services through this program. The program deals with crop damage caused primarily by deer and geese but will offer consulting services on other nuisance species. Abatement measures are emphasized and always required as a first step. Crop damage is also reimbursed, with a deductible amount that applies. The program is currently funded through a $1.00 fee on all hunting licenses, a $12.00 charge for bonus deer tags, and other monies from the federal government.
Local Programs
New Holstein Historical Society The New Holstein Historical Society was founded in 1974 by a number of descendants of the original settlers. They were interested in the preservation of the history of New Holstein. The Society is affiliated with the Wisconsin State Historical Society, and has been active in promoting history through educational tours, cemetery walks, book publications, and more. The Society operates the Pioneer Corner Museum and is in charge of the Timm House restoration effort. Several publications relating to New Holstein history are available from the Society. Member benefits include free admission to properties and events, an annual newsletter, advance
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-72 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 purchase rights to new publications, and an invitation to the annual dinner program. For further information contact the Society.
Brillion Historical Society The mission of the society is "to develop, maintain, and update a written and recorded history of the Brillion area, and to collect artifacts relative to that history, so that present and future generations may be able to study and take pride in the Brillion area heritage." The Society operates the Brillion Historical Museum and History House. They also sponsor the annual Christmas Tree Display and Holiday Open House. For further information contact the Society.
Calumet County Historical Society The Society operates the Calumet County Historical Museum. Meetings are held four times a year. For further information contact the Society.
Haese Memorial Village Historical Society The Haese Memorial Village Historic District, located at the corner of Milwaukee St. and Randolph St. in Forest Junction, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. For further information contact the Society.
High Cliff Historical Society From 1895 to 1956, a limestone quarry and a kiln to extract the lime from the stone operated at the present site of High Cliff State Park. The lime kilns and other structures are still standing along the Lake Winnebago shoreline, as is the general store from the community that was built around the kilns. The Society strives to preserve the historical area. For further information contact the Society.
Kiel Area Historical Society Membership is open to locals, non-residents, businesses, and corporate members. The Society operates the Kiel Area Historical Society House on Fremont Street and celebrates Founder's Day. For further information contact the Society.
5.20 Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resource Trends and Outlook
The following are anticipated trends with regard to agricultural, natural, and cultural resources for Calumet County.
Agriculture Trends
Increased pressure to convert farmland to other uses resulting in a continued loss of farmland, particularly near cities and villages.
The size of the average farm will continue to show moderate increases.
Dairy herd sizes will continue to increase.
Expect an increase in the number of large “commercial” type farms, especially dairy.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-73 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Decreased interest in farmland preservation programs.
Increased interest in specialty farming.
Increased interest in “value-added” businesses to complement small dairy and general farming operations.
Farmers will be retiring in greater numbers resulting in potential greater losses of farms.
Natural Resources Trends
Growing demand to supply adequate water for human consumption, agriculture, and industry.
Continuing need to site new municipal wells.
Increasing pressure on groundwater quality by various land uses.
Continuing need for improved groundwater quality and quantity data.
Continuing pressure to develop shoreland areas.
Increasing use of publicly accessible waters by growing numbers of recreationists.
Increasing threat of invasion of exotic species.
Continued pressure to alter or eliminate wetlands for commercial development, highway construction, etc.
Continued loss of wetland acres, but at a slower pace.
Continued state-level priority to protect and acquire unique natural habitats.
Growing interest in land trusts and conservation easements for the preservation of unique natural areas.
The price of forest land sold for recreational purposes will continue to increase.
Continuing demand for non-metallic minerals for state, county, and local road improvement projects.
The price of non-metallic minerals will increase with the increasing difficulty of obtaining permit approvals.
Increasing difficulty in siting new, non-metallic mines due to development in rural areas.
Increasing pressure to develop the Niagara Escarpment.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-74 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Increasing need for continued groundwater education.
Cultural Resource Trends
The recognized value of historic and cultural resources will grow, demanding more attention to their preservation.
The community design features that express rural character and small town atmosphere will be increasingly challenged in areas that experience significant growth.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 5-75 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 6. Economic Development
The nature of economics is cyclical, based on a combination of factors including product life cycles, applications of technology, government interventions, and a host of other indicators. Because of this, development will happen in a community whether or not it is planned; the community will experience economic changes whether or not they are desired changes. The advantage of comprehensive planning is that a community can anticipate these changes and guide development to the best of its abilities and capacities. Consequently, each plan is unique and tailored to each community’s needs and desires.
Economic development planning is the process by which a community organizes, analyzes, plans, and then applies its energies to the tasks of improving the economic well-being and quality of life for those in the community. This can be done by addressing issues ranging from enhancing community competitiveness, establishing industrial policy, encouraging sustainable development, providing infrastructure, enhancing worker training, and improving overall quality of life. All of these issues affect residents within a community and are addressed directly or indirectly in this comprehensive planning process. In the world of private business, planning is an essential part of a company’s ability to sustain profitability, stability, and growth. Calumet County also uses planning to achieve a balance of stability and growth.
The reason to plan for economic development is straight-forward: economic development helps pay the bills. It requires working together to maintain a strong economy by creating and retaining desirable jobs which provide a good standard of living for individuals. Increased personal income and wealth increase the tax base, so a community, county, or state can provide the level of services residents expect. A balanced, healthy economy is essential for community well-being. Economic development expenditures are a community investment. They leverage new growth and redevelopment to improve the area. Influencing and investing in the process of economic development allows community members to determine future direction and guide appropriate types of development according to their values.
Successful plans for economic development acknowledge the significance of:
1. Knowing your region’s economic function in the global economy 2. Creating a skilled and educated workforce 3. Investing in an infrastructure for innovation 4. Creating a great quality of life 5. Fostering an innovative business climate 6. Reinventing and digitizing government 7. Taking regional governance and collaboration seriously
For these reasons, it is important in the planning process to identify the county’s economic characteristics or resources. These characteristics include: the labor force, employment by industry, unemployment characteristics, and income characteristics. Assessment of these characteristics and resources provide insight into the historical and current economic situation in the county, thereby providing direction for planning the future of the economic base.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This section provides an economic profile of Calumet County and its communities and also an assessment of local economic strengths and weaknesses, employment forecasts, local economic base, and applicable economic trends.
6.1 Labor Force and Employment Analysis
Civilian Labor Force
The labor force, by definition of the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, includes those who are either working or looking for work, but does not include individuals who have made a choice not to work (retirees, homemakers, and students), nor does it include institutional residents, military personnel, or discouraged job seekers.
Labor force participation increases and decreases with changes in labor market conditions. Table 6-1 displays the civilian labor force estimates for Calumet County and Wisconsin from 19992006 to 20032010.
Table 6-1 Civilian Labor Force Annual Averages, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 1999-20032006-2010 % Change 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006-2010 Calumet County Labor Force 25,502 25,648 25,611 25,631 25,356 -0.6% Employment 24,467 24,456 24,520 23,641 23,651 -3.3% Unemployment 1,035 1,192 1,091 1,990 1,705 64.7% Rate 4.1 4.6 4.3 7.8 6.7 63.4%
Wisconsin Labor Force 3,077,096 3,099,456 3,087,331 3,100,503 3,062,636 -0.5% Employment 2,932,482 2,951,001 2,936,749 2,829,348 2,807,301 -4.3% Unemployment 144,614 148,455 150,582 271,155 255,335 76.6% Rate 4.7 4.8 4.9 8.7 8.3 76.6% Source: Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, WORKnet, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Bureau of Workforce Information, 1999-2003 2006-2010.
From 19992006 to 20032010 the labor force of Calumet County increaseddecreased by approximately 110.6%, while the labor force of the State of Wisconsin increaseddecreased by nearly the same rate at 6.50.5%. The unemployment rate for the county and the state hit a high in 2009had been continually increasing for the period shown, butwith the county experiencing experienced a slight better unemployment rates than the state improvement in 2003.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Unemployment Rates
The number of persons unemployed in the county includes not only those who are receiving unemployment benefits, but also any person who actively looked for a job and did not find one. Unemployment rates throughout 2003 for Calumet County and Wisconsin are shown in Figure 6-1.
Figure 6-1 Monthly Unemployment Rates, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 20032010
12.0 10.3 10.0 10.1 10.0 8.8 8.5 8.7 8.3 8.2 8.4 8.1 7.8 8.0 7.2 7.1 6.8 6.8 7.1 7.0 7.1 6.4 6.1 5.5 5.6 5.5 6.0 5.4
4.0
2.0
0.0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Calumet County Wisconsin
Source: Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, WORKnet, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Bureau of Workforce Information, 20032010.
Throughout 20032010, Calumet County consistently had an unemployment rate lower than the State of Wisconsin’s. Calumet County’s unemployment rates decreasedare also fairly consistent throughout the year. During January, February, and March the rates were somewhat higher, a trend that is typical in Wisconsin due to increased unemployment during winter months.
Educational Attainment
Table 6-2 displays the educational attainment level of Calumet County and Wisconsin residents who were age 25 and older from 2005-2009in 2000. The educational attainment level of persons within a community is often an indicator of the overall income, job availability, and well being of the community. Lower educational attainment levels in an area can also be a hindrance to attracting certain types of businesses, typically those that require high technical skills and upper management types of positions.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 6-2 Educational Attainment of Persons Age 25 & Over, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 20002005-2009 Calumet County Wisconsin Percent of Percent of Attainment Level Number Total Number Total Less than 9th grade 1,049 3.6% 140,614 3.8% 9th to 12 grade, no diploma 1,422 4.9% 265,194 7.2% High school graduate (includes equivalency) 11,245 38.7% 1,266,330 34.3% Some college, no degree 5,308 18.2% 755,347 20.5% Associate degree 2,915 10.0% 325,610 8.8% Bachelor's degree 5,280 18.1% 628,494 17.0% Graduate or professional degree 1,872 6.4% 311,718 8.4% Total persons age 25 and over 29,091 100.0% 3,693,307 100.0% Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, STF-32005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2000.
In 2000From 2005-2009, approximately 8791.5% of residents of Calumet County age 25 and over received their high school diploma and/or had further education. This figure has increased from 19902000 which was approximately 8087%. For the State of Wisconsin from 2005-2009in 2000 this figure is slightly less than Calumet County with 8589%; in 19902000 the figure for the state was 7985%. Overall, the 2005-20092000 educational attainment levels in Calumet County are very similar to those for the state as a whole.
Travel Time to Work
For most of the general population, the location of their home is dependent upon the location of their work. Knowing the amount of time people are willing to travel to work can serve as an indication for future locations of housing and/or economic development.
Table 6-3 displays the travel time to work for Calumet County, its municipalities, and the State of Wisconsin in 2000. Due to the data being unavailable for the 2012 plan amendment, the chart was not updated.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 6-3 Travel Time to Work, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 2000
Less than 5 to 10 to 20 to 30 to 40 to 60 or more Worked at 5 minutes 9 minutes 19 minutes 29 minutes 39 minutes 59 minutes minutes home T. Brillion 47 139 170 122 151 52 31 67 T. Brothertown 18 65 270 142 84 90 39 88 T. Charlestown 42 119 109 36 15 56 14 21 T. Chilton 44 125 187 84 60 51 16 88 T. Harrison 73 367 1,358 788 313 126 98 136 T. New Holstein 90 152 269 85 131 67 9 73 T. Rantoul 24 66 151 58 39 33 18 80 T. Stockbridge 35 76 163 174 183 78 32 41 T. Woodville 39 58 157 126 64 19 25 87 V. Hilbert 41 54 185 121 110 83 13 3 V. Potter 17 7 49 10 15 9 4 0 V. Sherwood 32 34 234 306 139 28 43 32 V. Stockbridge 16 20 66 70 96 37 23 11 C. Appleton* 153 657 3,244 987 407 148 96 68 C. Brillion 254 446 221 170 266 151 41 39 C. Chilton 314 531 283 218 122 235 90 28 C. Kiel* 23 35 51 33 14 13 0 2 C. Menasha* 16 39 155 72 6 22 26 6 C. New Holstein 353 464 467 160 89 87 41 61 Calumet County 1,631 3,454 7,789 3,762 2,304 1,385 657 931 Wisconsin 135,194 398,697 917,206 531,628 307,835 181,568 113,181 105,395 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are only for portion in Calumet County. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, STF-3, 2000. Only included workers age 16 and over.
In 2000, the majority of residents in Calumet County had a travel time to work of 10 to 19 minutes as was also the case for the State of Wisconsin as a whole. It is also worth noting that in some communities a significant number of individuals worked from home.
Household Income
The household income within an area can offer some additional insight regarding the local economy, types of jobs in the area, further the understanding of commuting patterns, and help further define the local economic base. Table 6-4 displays the 2000 household incomes for Calumet County and its municipalities as reported by the 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates2000 Census.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 6-4 Household Income, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 20002005-2009 Less than $15,000 to $25,000 to $35,000 to $50,000 to $75,000 to $100,000 to $150,000 to $200,000 Median Municipality $14,999 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 $99,999 $149,999 $199,999 or more Income T. Brillion 17 18 66 120 176 104 93 0 24 $59,417 T. Brothertown 45 50 48 98 155 79 102 9 3 $55,956 T. Charlestown 9 38 21 59 74 57 24 1 6 $55,764 T. Chilton 18 40 26 77 153 133 49 19 4 $63,618 T. Harrison 40 198 167 293 521 747 694 201 118 $82,733 T. New Holstein 47 68 46 92 149 81 92 23 3 $61,157 T. Rantoul 13 17 23 66 76 39 33 7 5 $58,281 T. Stockbridge 41 39 57 90 143 99 88 39 12 $60,227 T. Woodville 15 30 44 52 98 44 44 15 3 $58,359 V. Hilbert 55 37 99 105 90 83 20 8 2 $41,964 V. Potter 6 0 9 10 34 5 9 8 0 $55,625 V. Sherwood 47 36 49 56 175 261 266 64 48 $87,619 V. Stockbridge 12 17 13 79 71 64 43 5 2 $59,615 C. Appleton* 3,382 2,829 3,025 4,286 6,062 4,125 2,753 799 818 $51,723 C. Brillion 137 187 103 131 323 207 148 0 0 $51,948 C. Chilton 149 187 120 239 260 423 23 25 54 $53,611 C. Kaukauna* 598 692 805 841 1,469 984 649 91 32 $52,286 C. Kiel* 274 116 194 254 338 249 138 6 15 $46,579 C. Menasha* 1,031 792 1,168 974 1,419 852 506 137 89 $42,086 C. New Holstein 57 197 319 270 462 122 59 6 0 $44,317 Calumet County 1,047 1,578 1,622 2,648 4,138 3,490 2,326 550 322 $61,655 Wisconsin 256,800 241,587 248,252 342,199 470,449 309,448 255,323 65,719 56,735 $51,569 *Municipality crosses at least one county line, data provided are for entire municipality. Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesSTF-3, 2000.
According to the 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates2000 Census, the median household income for Calumet County was $52,56961,655. This figure is somewhat higher than the State of Wisconsin’s median of $43,79151,569. Within Calumet County, municipality median household incomes ranged from a low of $38,40141,964 to a high of $66,09487,619.
6.2 Economic Base Analysis
Employment by Industrial Sector
The employment by industry within an area illustrates the structure of the economy. Historically, the State of Wisconsin has had a high concentration of employment in manufacturing and agricultural sectors of the economy. More recent state and national trends indicate a decreasing concentration of employment in the manufacturing sector while
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 employment within the services sector is increasing. This trend can be partly attributed to the aging of the population and increases in technology.
Table 6-5 displays the number and percent of employed persons by industry group in Calumet County and the State of Wisconsin for from 2005-20092000.
Table 6-5 Employment by Industry, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 20002005- Calumet County Wisconsin Percent of Percent of Industry Number Total Number Total Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 852 3.5% 71,537 2.5% Construction 1,660 6.9% 180,213 6.3% Manufacturing 7,281 30.0% 543,797 18.9% Wholesale trade 940 3.9% 90,430 3.1% Retail trade 2,137 8.8% 333,950 11.6% Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 978 4.0% 130,006 4.5% Information 386 1.6% 58,303 2.0% Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing 1,317 5.4% 183,540 6.4% Professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste management services 1,464 6.0% 214,548 7.5% Educational, health and social services 4,274 17.6% 620,826 21.6% Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services 1,659 6.8% 234,795 8.2% Other services (except public administration) 812 3.4% 114,928 4.0% Public administration 473 2.0% 96,523 3.4% Total 24,233 100.0% 2,873,396 100.0% 2009 Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates STF-3, 2000.
The greatest percentage of employment for Calumet County was in the manufacturing industry (33.330%), followed by educational, health, and social services (15.317.6%). When compared to the State of Wisconsin, Calumet County is very similar except for a higher concentration of employment in manufacturing and less employment in educational, health, and social services.
Employment by Occupation
The previous section, employment by industry, described employment by the type of business or industry, or sector of commerce. What people do, or what their occupation is within those sectors, is displayed in Table 6-6 and also reveals factors that make up the economy of Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 6-6 Employment by Occupation, Calumet County and Wisconsin, 20002005- Calumet County Wisconsin Percent of Percent of Occupation Number Total Number Total Management, professional, and related occupations 8,119 33.5% 937,433 32.6% Service occupations 2,663 11.0% 456,097 15.9% Sales and office occupations 5,456 22.5% 709,379 24.7% Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 321 1.3% 28,422 1.0% Construction, extraction, maintenance and repair occupations 2,215 9.1% 243,103 8.5% Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 5,459 22.5% 498,962 17.4% Total 24,233 100.0% 2,873,396 100.0% 2009 Source: U.S. Census Bureau of the Census, 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesSTF-3, 2000.
Note that figures represent an employee’s occupation within an economic sector. For example, 23.722.5% of employed persons work in the sales and office occupation. However, they could be working in sales and office occupations in the manufacturing sector, the agriculture sector, or in retail. Figures only represent their occupation, not the overall economic industry or sector they work in.
As indicated by Table 6-6, the occupation with the greatest percentage of employment in Calumet County from 2005-2009for 2000 was management, professional, and related occupations. This was closely followed by production, transportation, and material moving occupations. The State of Wisconsin also had the greatest percentage of employment in management, professional, and related occupations, however the second greatest portion of employment for the state was in sales and office occupations.
Location Quotient
Location Quotient is a useful tool in looking at the composition of the area economy in comparison with a larger area. In this case Calumet County was chosen to be compared to the United States as opposed to the state where manufacturing, agriculture, and forest products location quotients may be skewed due to Wisconsin’s specialization in these areas.
To interpret location quotients, the closer to one the location quotient ratio is, the closer to the national average in that type of employment. If an area has a number greater than one, then it is well above the national average in that industry employment and has a “niche” industry. Niche industries are strong performers in the local economy. These industries should be focused on for additional ways to provide growth. It is also exporting that product or service to the region or beyond. If the location quotient is less than one then it is less than the national average in industry employment and is only serving local demand.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 NAICS is the North American Industry Classification System. An industry classification system is used by statistical agencies to facilitate the collection, tabulation, presentation, and analysis of data relating to establishments. NAICS is erected on a production-oriented conceptual framework that groups establishments into industries according to similarity in the process used to produce goods or services. Under NAICS, an establishment is classified to one industry based on its primary activity. NAICS was developed jointly by Canada, Mexico, and the United States to provide comparability in economic statistics. It replaced the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system in 1997.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Tthe largest location quotients in Calumet County indicating a larger employment number than the United States is NAICS 333112, animal production and aquaculturemachinery manufacturing, with a location quotient of 14.2915.47. This industry includes milking dairy cattle, dairy cattle farming, milk production, calf production, dairy heifer replacement production, etc. The next industries that could be considered niche when compared to the nation are NAICS 333, machinery manufacturing (11.66)This industry is represented by companies such as Ariens, Tecumseh Power, Amerequip, and M-B Companies. The next industries that could be considered niche when compared to the nation are NAICS 112, animal production (9.84); NAICS 311, food manufacturing (4.465.18); and NAICS 332, fabricated metal product manufacturing (3.853.58). Activities within NAICS 112333, are represented by companies such as Ariens, Amerequip, and M-B Companiesanimal production, include milking dairy cattle, dairy cattle farming, milk production, calf production, dairy heifer replacement production, etc. Within NAICS 311, food manufacturing companies such as Kaytee Products, Milk Products, Briess Industries, Thiel Cheese and Ingredients, and Sargento Foods are representative. NAICS 332 is represented by companies such as Western Industries, Professional Plating, and American Finishing Resources.
Those industries that are closest to one include NAICS 485, transit and ground passenger transportation (1.75); NAICS 713, amusements, gambling and recreation (1.66); NAICS 321, wood product manufacturing (1.58); NAICS 484, truck transportation (1.57); NAICS 447, gasoline stations (1.45); NAICS 238, specialty trade contractors (1.29); NAICS 623, nursing and residential care facilities (1.16); and NAICS 812, personal and laundry services (1.05).NAICS 444, building material and garden supply stores (1.78); NAICS 423, merchant wholesalers, durable goods (1.66); NAICS 447, gasoline stations (1.47); NAICS 337, furniture and related product manufacturing (1.34); NAICS 445, food and beverage stores (1.18); NAICS 115, agriculture and forestry support activities (1.15); NAICS 236, construction of buildings (1.00); NAICS 722, food services and drinking places (0.98); NAICS 441, motor vehicle and parts dealers (0.94); and NAICS 484, truck transportation (0.93).
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Average Annual Wages
The wages that are provided by a particular industry in a particular area can offer several insights. Higher wages within an industry, when compared to neighboring areas, can indicate a strong economic segment. That wage can also be used to attract commuters and new residents, which in effect will consume products in the area. Lower than average wages can also indicate a lower quality of life in the area or a lack of qualified labor. Table 6-7 displays the annual average wages by economic division for Calumet County in 20022011.
Table 6-7 Average Annual Wage by Industry, Calumet County, 20022011
Annual Percent of Economic Division A verage State W age Average All industries $33,049 83% Natural resources & mining $31,951 104% Construction $37,588 77% Manufacturing $45,336 90% Trade, transportation, utilities $28,903 85% Financial activities $35,453 67% Professional & business services $42,397 91% Education & health $31,513 74% Leisure & hospitality $8,862 61% Other services $14,133 62% Public administration $34,535 83% Source: Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, WORKnetBureau of Workforce Information, CoveredQuarterly Census of Employment & Wages, August 20032011.
The manufacturing industry in Calumet County offers the highest average annual wage, followed by the construction industryprofessional and business services. The natural resources industry was the only industry in Calumet County that had an annual average wage greater than the State of Wisconsin’s average.
Commuting Patterns
The county labor force includes all employed and unemployed residents who live in the county, even though they may travel out of the county for work. It is important to recognize that workers are a valuable resource that should be retained within the county to the greatest extent possible. Table 6-8 displays the commuting patterns for Calumet County. Due to the data being unavailable for the 2012 amendment, the chart was not updated.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 6-8 Commuting Patterns, Calumet County, 2000 Live in Travel to Calumet County Calumet County Net Area Work in: From: Commute Outagamie County 6,739 1,611 -5,128 Winnebago County 3,423 570 -2,853 Manitowoc County 713 1,968 1,255 Sheboygan County 632 433 -199 Brown County 598 467 -131 Fond du Lac County 494 614 120 Waupaca County 69 30 -39 Milwaukee County 33 23 -10 Portage County 14 22 8 Dodge County 13 11 -2 Elsewhere 234 163 -71 Work in Calumet County 8,951 8,951 0 Total 21,913 14,863 -7,050 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, STF-3, 2000.
Approximately 7,000 more workers leave Calumet County for work than come to the county for work. Calumet County loses the majority of its labor force to Outagamie County, followed by Winnebago County. Calumet County does attract 1,255 workers from Manitowoc County.
According to the 1990 Census, of the 17,270 workers in the county at the time, approximately 9,060 worked in another county while 8,146 worked in Calumet County. Therefore, in 1990 approximately 47.2% of workers lived and worked in Calumet County and by 2000 this figure decreased to 40.8%.
Manufacturing Industry
According to the 2005-2009 American Community 5-Year Estimates, Mmanufacturing is a large part of the Wisconsin economy, and it is more so in Calumet County. While 22.218.9% of the Wisconsin population is employed in the industry, the greatest percentage of employment in Calumet County was in manufacturing (33.330.0%). SevenFour of the ten largest employers in Calumet County are in manufacturing. The industry averages 65 jobs per establishment, which is greater than the U.S. industry average of 39 jobs per establishment and greater than the State of Wisconsin average of 48 jobs per establishment for the manufacturing industry.
By far the largest of those industries, in terms of employment, is the machinery manufacturing and food manufacturing sectors. Machinery manufacturing is the largest employment industry and makes up 13.710.9% of all the jobs in the county. This makes up 1,6441,102 employees. The food manufacturing sector accounts for 7.37.0% of the total jobs. The Location Quotient (LQ) section also confirms that the machinery manufacturing and food manufacturing sector are
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 highly specialized industries in Calumet County and these firms produce more than they consume. Machinery manufacturing had a LQ of 14.2911.66 and food manufacturing had a LQ of 4.465.18.
Machinery manufacturing is the industry with the largest employment per establishment in Calumet County, averaging 235 jobs per establishment. Machinery manufacturing, since the year 2001, was faced with the largest loss in employment in Calumet County. The machinery manufacturing industry has decreased the most in industrial presence in Calumet County since 2001, going from making up 21.9% of total employment in 2001 to 13.710.9% in 20052010. Between 2001 and 2010, Tthe sector dealt with a loss of 6861228 jobs, or 29.447.3% of the employment in the industry. This made up a total of 56.4% of all employment losses in the county. Food manufacturing, as stated in the Employment Forecast section, is one of the industries expected to add employment into the economy.
A partnership between the Wisconsin Manufacturing Extension Partnership (WMEP), the Wisconsin Technical College System, and the Wisconsin Department of Commerce released a study in September of 2005 analyzing the manufacturing sector “driver industries” for Wisconsin. The study is entitled, “The Wisconsin Manufacturing Study: An Analysis of Manufacturing Statewide and in Wisconsin’s Seven Economic Regions.”
Driver industries are those that are heavily concentrated by numbers in a region and produce more than can be consumed locally. Industry clusters, firms in the same industry that have close- buy sell relationships with other industries in the region use common technologies, or share a specialized labor pool that, together provide the driver industries a competitive advantage or the same industries in other geographic areas, form around these driver industries. Twenty-three driver industries were identified with seven identified for the East Central Region, which includes Calumet County. Those industry drivers are:
Dairy Product Manufacturing Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills Converted Paper Product Manufacturing Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Other Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
The driver industry that is predominant in Calumet County is Dairy Product Manufacturing. The study lists top firms within this industry cluster that are a key component to Northeast Wisconsin’s economy. Some of the firms listed that have a presence in Calumet County include Land O’Lakes, Inc (Kiel); Foremost Farms USA Cooperative (Branch, Town of Chilton); Milk Products, LLC (Chilton); Thiel Cheese & Ingredients (Town of Woodville); and Sargento Foods (Branch, Hilbert).
This important sector, primarily the industry clusters of machinery manufacturing and food manufacturing, should be supported to retain the existing businesses and the employment these firms provide. The jobs contained within these sectors are some of the highest paying jobs in Calumet County with average annual wages nearly $10,000 more than other sectors.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Agriculture Industry
Agriculture plays a major role in economic development in Wisconsin as well as in Calumet County. It includes hundreds of family-owned farms, related businesses and industries that provide equipment, services and other products farmers need to process, market, and deliver food and fiber to consumers. The production, sales, and processing of Calumet County’s farm products generates employment, economic activity, income, and tax revenue.
Cows still outnumber residents in Calumet County. With over 230 dairy farms and several large dairy manufacturing plants, all of which are supported by a complex infrastructure, the dairy industry continues to be the economic mainstay of agriculture in the county. A steadily increasing cash grain, vegetable, and horticultural industry lend diversity and economic stability.
In 20042011, the University of Wisconsin Extension, with economic supporting data from an economist, supplied information on just how important agriculture is to the overall Calumet County economy. Provided are some of the most notable impacts from agriculture in the county.
Agriculture provides jobs for 2,4074,093 Calumet County residents, over 1319% of Calumet County’s total workforce.
Every new job in agriculture generates an additional 0.41.08 jobs in Calumet County.
Agriculture accounts for $338.1 million$1.17 billion in economic activity, accounting for about 1537% of Calumet County’s total economic activity.
Agriculture contributes $68.5253.3 million to the county’s total income, 8.523% of the county’s total income. (This includes wages, salaries, benefits and profits of farmers and workers in agricultural-related businesses.)
Agriculture pays about $7.223.8 million in taxes. (This figure does not include all property taxes paid to local schools.)
Individuals or families own 87.386.6% of the farms in the county. Family-owned partnerships own 6.47.8%, family-owned corporations own 5.65.1%, and non-family corporations own 0.70.5%.
Calumet County’s top commodities include milk ($51.6117.3 million), grains ($24.3 million), cattle and calves ($13.317.5 million), grains ($11.4 million), vegetables ($1.7 million), and nursery and greenhouse ($840,000)other animals and animal products ($2.79 million), and other crops and hay ($1.86 million).
As reported by the University of Wisconsin Extension, dairy is the largest part of Calumet County’s agriculture economy. Calumet County milk producers and the dairy industry generatescontribute $142.9124.3 million in business sales to the county’s economy. One dairy cow generates approximately $2,1543,475 in on-farm salesdirect income to producers in
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County and about $15,00021,000 to $17,000 of economic activityin total sales at the state level. There are currently seven plants that process diary products in Calumet County.
Horticulture is a growing industry in Calumet County. The production of landscape trees and plants as well as landscape and grounds maintenance is rapidly growing segments of county’s agriculture industry. Greenhouses, tree farms, nurseries, sod farms, and other horticultural businesses add to the diversity of agriculture in the county. Horticulture generates $8.42.75 million in county economic activity, providing 178 full-time jobs and many seasonal jobs.
Tourism Industry
Tourism has the ability to play a vital role in the regional and county economy. Some businesses can benefit highly from increased tourism. The following information was obtained from the Wisconsin Department of Tourism regarding the Calumet County tourism industry for 20052010.
rd nd Calumet County ranks 63 62 in the State (of 72 counties) for traveler spending.
Travelers spent an estimated $3635.8 million in Calumet County in 20052010.
Summer is the biggest season and generated traveler expenditures amounting to $1314 million. Fall travelers spent $98.1 million, winter travelers spent $76.6 million, and spring visitors spent $7.1 million.
Traveler spending in 20052010 supported 918845 full-time equivalent jobs, an increase decrease of 1.2% from 20042009.
In 19941997 travelers spent $1618.8 million in Calumet County. In the year 20052010 travelers spent $3635.8 million, representing an increase of 12291%.
It is anticipated that Calumet’s tourism industry will continue to grow significantly over the planning period.
Agricultural Tourism
In an article provided by James Maetzold, National Alternative Enterprises and Agritourism Leader with the USDA/NRCS, titled “Nature-Based Tourism & Agritourism Trends: Unlimited Opportunities”, rural tourism is identified as having increased rapidly over the last two decades. Many factors have contributed to this trend including people taking more and shorter trips, more traveling by car, combining business travel with vacations, people looking for new experiences, traveling as a family, and looking to “get back to their roots”. Agritourism is defined as an alternative enterprise where you invite the public onto your farm or ranch. It can also be defined as "a set of activities that occur when people link travel with the products, services, and experiences of agriculture." The product itself can be an "experience." Agritourism opportunities can fit into a number of categories:
Farm markets and specialty products Floriculture
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Product processing Education Fairs, festivals, and special events Heritage and culture Horses and other farm animals Arts and crafts Unique dining experiences Farm/ranch stays Wildlife and fish Tours and touring Nature based recreation Pick, cut, gather, or grow your own
It is anticipated that agritourism opportunities will increase in the county over the planning period.
Major Employers
Manufacturing is a major economic sector for Calumet County as well as Wisconsin. The top 10 employers in Calumet County, according to the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, are detailed below. Most of the top employers are in the manufacturing sector.
1. Payroll Alternative, Inc., temporary help services, 1,000+ employees. 2. Tecumseh Power Co., engine equipment and manufacturing, 500-999 employees. 31. Ariens Co., lawn and garden equipment manufacturing, 500-999 employees. 2. Aerotek Inc., engineering services, 500-999 employees. 43. Brillion Iron Works, Inc., iron foundry, 500-999 employees. 4. Kaytee Products, Inc., animal food manufacturing, 250-499 employees. 5. Calumet County, government services, 250-499 employees. 6. Kaytee Products, Inc., animal food manufacturing, 250- 499 employees.Endries International Inc., hardware merchant wholesalers, 250-499 employees. 7. Western Industries, Inc., metal stamping, 250-499 employees. Walmart, discount department stores, 100-249 employees. 8. Amerequip Corp., farm machinery and equipment manufacturing, 100-249 employees. 9. Buechel Stone Corp., stone mining and quarrying, 100- 249 employees. 108. Calumet Medical Center, Inc., hospital, 100-249 employees. 9. Chilton Public School, elementary and secondary schools, 100-249 employees. Kaytee Products, Inc. 10. School District of New Holstein, elementary and secondary schools, 100-249 employees.
Tax Incremental Financing Districts
Tax Incremental Financing (TIF) can help a municipality undertake a public project to stimulate beneficial development or redevelopment that would not otherwise occur. It is a mechanism for financing a local economic development project in underdeveloped and blighted areas. Taxes generated by the increased property values pay for land acquisition or needed public works.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 According to the Wisconsin Department of Revenue TIF Value Limitation Report for 20052011, the following municipalities within, or partially within, Calumet County utilize TIF districts.
Village of Hilbert, onetwo TIFs established 1996, 2007 Village of Sherwood, one TIF established 1992 City of Appleton, six TIFs established in 1980, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2007, 2009 City of Chilton, onethree TIFs established in 1992, two in 2005 City of Kaukauna, three TIFs established in 2000, 2003, 2006 City of Kiel, threeone TIFs established in 1988, 1990, 1992 City of Menasha, ten TIFs established in 1986, 1987, 1990, 1997, two in 1998, 2003, two in 2005, 2006, 2007 City of New Holstein, two TIFs established in 1994, 20002007
Map 6-1 details the locations of TIF districts in Calumet County.
Industrial Parks
Due to the high level of manufacturing industries in Calumet County and surrounding areas, having land available for industrial development is important for economic growth in this sector. Table 6-9 displays the name and acreages of industrial parks currently found in Calumet County as reported in 20042011.
Table 6-9 Industrial Parks, Calumet County, 20042011 Municipality # Parks Industrial Park Name Total Acreage Acreage Available Lots C. New Holstein 1 New Holstein TIF #1 99 30 99 30 C. Chilton 1 Chilton Business Park 130 29 18 130 29 C. Appleton 1 Southpoint Commerce Park Phase 1 47 17 13 Phase 2 approx. 60 approx. 60 12 Phase 3 approx. 30 approx. 30 12 Industrial Area approx. 220 approx. 220 70 357 327 V. Hilbert 1 Hilbert Industrial Park 13 1.5 3 13 1.5 Totals 4 599 388 Source: Calumet County Planning Department, 20042011.
In addition to those industrial parks listed in Table 6-9, the Town of Harrison and Village of Hilbert are each in the preliminary stages of business park development.
Railroads and Economic Development
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 In December 2005, Canadian National issues a letter to rail users on its Menasha-Kiel line notifying them that service would be reduced from five to three days per week. Businesses who received this letter notified various government officials in Calumet County of their concerns about continued rail service. Representatives from Calumet County and from the Cities of Chilton, New Holstein, and Kiel met in January, 2006 to form a plan of action in response to this issue.
The plan of action included surveying businesses on the Menasha-Kiel line to develop a profile of existing Calumet County rail service county rail users, to understand their current usage of rail and future usage of rail, the importance of rail to their location in Calumet County, and the extent costs of transportation plays in their transportation choices.
The following are some of the facts and findings from the survey showing the importance of railroads to the economy of Calumet County.
A total of 16 businesses were sent surveys and 11 responded.
The 16 companies along the Menasha-Kiel line may only represent 1.7% of the total companies in the county, but they employ approximately 13.6% of the county’s workforce.
On average respondents use truck service 63.3% of the time and rail service 36.2% of the time.
Shipping solely by truck is estimated by respondents to cost 213% higher than shipping solely by train.
Approximately 70% of current rail users will expand their rail service in the next five years.
Of a total of ten respondents, 64% indicated that lack of rail would influence their decision to stay in Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Environmentally Contaminated Sites for Commercial or Industrial Use
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) urge the clean up of environmentally contaminated commercial or industrial sites to utilize the lands for more productive uses. According to the WDNR, Calumet County has a variety of sites that are in need of clean up or where clean up is underway.
According to the WDNR’s Bureau of Remediation and Redevelopment Tracking System there are five types of environmentally contaminated sites in Calumet County. They are classified as follows:
Spills: A discharge of a hazardous substance that may adversely impact, or threaten to adversely impact, public health, welfare, or the environment. Spills are usually cleaned up quickly.
LUST: A Leaking Underground Storage Tank that has contaminated soil and/or groundwater with petroleum. Some LUST cleanups are reviewed by the WDNR and some are reviewed by the Wisconsin Department of Commerce.
ERP: Environmental Repair (ERP) sites are sites other than LUSTs that have contaminated soil and/or groundwater. Examples include industrial spills (or dumping) that need long term investigation, buried containers of hazardous substances, and closed landfills that have caused contamination. The ERP module includes petroleum contamination from above-ground (but not from underground) storage tanks.
General Property: This module containing records of various milestones related to liability exemptions, liability clarifications, and cleanup agreements that have been approved by the WDNR to clarify the legal status of the property.
VPLE: A Voluntary Property Liability Exemption (VPLE) is an elective process in which a property owner conducts an environmental investigation and cleanup of an entire property and then receives limits on future liability for that contamination under s. 292.15, Wisconsin Statutes. An individual, business, or unit of government can receive the liability exemption after a completed cleanup is approved.
According to the WDNR, there is are 99one spill sites, 3122 ERP sites, 18five LUST sites, sevenzero general property sites, and onetwo VPLE site in Calumet County. All of these sites are identified by the DNR, Bureau of Remediation as open sites. Open sites are those still in need of clean up or where clean up is still underway. Some of the sites identified may offer opportunities for economic or industrial development. These sites should be examined in greater detail to evaluate their potential.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 6-1 Economic Development
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This page intentionally left blank.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 6.3 Employment Forecast
An important feature of determining the economic health and future of Calumet County and its communities is to determine the amounts and types of jobs currently available as well as make predictions for the future. Calumet County has economic features unique to the county yet similarities to the region in which it is located. The county not only has ties locally, but statewide, and nationwide. Trends that occur in the United States or internationally will affect the State of Wisconsin and eventually trickle down to local level economies.
In AugustJuly of 20042010, the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development (WDWD) released statewide long-term (20022008 to 20122018) employment and economic projections. Many of the projections and estimates provided will likely affect the local, or at least the Calumet County, economy.
Wisconsin is expected to add 394,00083,670 jobs between 20022008 and 20122018, a growth of 132.7%. In addition to newly created jobs, another 706,000702,000 job openings are anticipated due to replacement needs. In order to fill all these job openings, Wisconsin will continue to need people with a variety of skills, interests, and educational backgrounds.
All major economic sectors are expected to add jobs,Professional and business services with education and health services is the major economic sector expected to add the most jobs leading the way followed by education and health servicestrade, transportation, and utilities. Although mManufacturing has lost jobs in recent years this sector is expected to havelose about 9,00051,000 more jobs in between 2008 and 20182012 than in 2002. Manufacturing industries projected to add the most jobs are plastics and rubber products, food, and wood products. Manufacturing industries expected to lose the most jobs are paper, apparel, and primary metal.
The top occupations expected to have the most job openings are retail salespersons, cashiers, waiters/waitresses, retail salespersons, customer service representatives, and food preparation/serving workers, and registered nurses. The top occupations with anticipated losses are secretaries (except legal/medical/executive), word processors/typists, door-to-door sales/vendors, stock clerks/order fillers, and electrical/electronic equipment assemblers.
Northeast Wisconsin (NEW) Economic Opportunity Study Believing that workforce development and economic development are inextricably linked, the Fox Valley Workforce Development Board, in partnership with the Bay Area Workforce Development Board and other agencies, commissioned an economic development study of a 16 county area in Northeast Wisconsin, including Calumet County. A significant portion of the study focused on the future economy of northeast Wisconsin and what is needed to get there. According to the study, in a future economy a skilled workforce is imperative. Creativity and innovation coupled with entrepreneurship and risk capital generate high value-added products. These products yield higher margins, better pay, and more community wealth.
Northeast Wisconsin must move to a new economy model. In order to do that, it needs to: 1) raise the skill level of its workforce, 2) create high value-added products, 3) collaborate across all sectors, 4) plan economic development for the region, and 5) promote an attractive image to
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 retain and attract skilled workers and new economy businesses. Northeast Wisconsin needs to build new economy industry clusters based upon the existing industry set and create new industries in the region. The study provides further detail on the future economy for the region and details challenges and actions to be taken.
Calumet County Business Retention and Expansion Survey
In the fall of 2004 the County Planning Department conducted a Business Retention and Expansion Survey to collect data on existing businesses in Calumet County. There were 41 businesses surveyed in Calumet County outside of the cities and villages. Cities and villages were to conduct the surveys themselves. There was a broad base of industries represented by the survey including service, construction, agribusiness, sales, manufacturing, retail, and management professional. Most of the businesses surveyed (61%) were established prior to 1980 with only seven businesses created after 1980.
The following are some of the key findings from the survey:
The report estimated that between 2001 and 2020 a total of 35 new businesses can be expected to open.
63% of businesses had purchased, built, or significantly remodeled buildings. 37% planned to expand within the next three years with 40% planning to expand in Calumet County.
40% of businesses indicated they would be expanding their workforce over the next five years increasing employment by 25% percent.
Participants were asked to characterize their business sector, as a whole, to be growing, stable, or in decline. Most businesses felt their sector was growing (44%) or stable (43%). Only 13% felt their business sector was in decline.
Participants were then asked if they anticipated having a larger, similar, or smaller share of their market in the coming years. Responses were highly optimistic. Approximately half (51%) of respondents expected to have a larger market share, while the other half (49%) expected their share to remain the same. No businesses anticipate a decline in their market share.
98% of survey businesses rated their community as an “Excellent” or “Good Place” to do business. 55% feel that climate has improved over the past three years.
56% of surveyed businesses have used technical or applied employee training programs from Fox Valley Technical College, Fox Cities Workforce Development Center, Wisconsin Manufacturing Extension Partnership, or other institution.
34% have used management training from Fox Valley Technical College, a University of Wisconsin college, Small Business Development Center, Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce, or other institution.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Employers reported the average annual employee turnover rate is 5.7% as reported by participating businesses, which is lower than the 20% national average and 18% Midwest average. 1
52% of businesses recruit from Calumet County. An additional 28% recruit from Calumet County and neighboring counties to find their workforce.
Calumet County Economic Development Strategic Plan
In 2011, the Planning, Zoning and Farmland Preservation Committee approved the Calumet County Economic Development Strategic Plan. The plan was developed in response to a recommendation in the Calumet County Year 2025 Smart Growth Plan and to the Calumet County Board of Supervisors Strategic Plan.
The plan will serve as a guide for economic development in Calumet County for the next five years. It focuses on seven strategic issues: Business Retention, Expansion and Attraction; Entrepreneur and Small Business Development; Business Cluster Development- Diverse Agriculture; Workforce Development; Tourism; Community Development; and Transportation/Infrastructure.
1. Business Retention, Expansion and Attraction Business retention and expansion programs are a very important aspect of a successful economically-sound community. Keeping up with businesses in your community is the key to keeping them there and helping them expand. Business attraction is equally important to bring new businesses into the county and help grow the economy or compliment other businesses.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue will be to develop a business retention and expansion program; partner with a neighboring economic development agency to promote the county and region; create a regional revolving loan fund with neighboring counties; create a local equity fund to support new or expanding businesses; create an Emergency Disaster micro-loan fund; and develop an Industrial Development Agency that will serve as a loan agency in the county.
2. Entrepreneurs and Small Business Development Calumet County may have several large businesses that employ many people in the county, but local economies are generally driven by small businesses and entrepreneurs. Small businesses create local jobs, increase the local tax base and improve the quality of life for residents. Small businesses are vital to a community’s economic health and are usually unique to the area. In Calumet County, there are over a thousand small businesses that enhance the quality of life here.
Small businesses are typically started by entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are individuals who are extremely motivated and are focused people in businesses for themselves. Entrepreneurs are also innovators who dream up new products and new ideas. Most entrepreneurs require training and technical assistance, as well as capital, to succeed in business.
1 U.S. Dept of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2004. “Latest BLS Employee Turnover Rates.” Nobscot Corporation website.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Having a small business support system in place is a critical component for a community’s economic development initiatives. Calumet County is fortunate enough to have support for small businesses in each community. Elected officials, community development professionals and business groups are common in the county and help promote small businesses to the best of the capabilities through their limited resources and staff.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue is to explore the concept of a business incubator; develop small business workshops; create a buy local program; and create a business improvement grant program.
3. Business Cluster Development – Diverse Agriculture Opportunity awaits Calumet County in diverse agriculture. Many businesses in the county are already discovering that niche agribusinesses prove to be very successful when operated correctly and proactively.
Diverse agriculture can be defined as running a business different than the traditional dairy farming and cropping. Niche agribusinesses such as organic farming, farm petting zoos, pumpkin patches, viticulture, fish farms, road side stands selling jams, and apple orchards are a few of the diverse agriculture opportunities that people are seeing in Calumet County.
Calumet County has a rich, rooted history in agriculture that has been profitable for many years. Many farmers are branching off from the traditional dairy and crop farming to hobby farming that is turning out to be just as profitable.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue will be to study the concept of a certified Farm Market Kitchen; conduct a cluster and supply chain development plan; secure funding for an Agribusiness Research Park; and develop a marketing group for niche agribusiness owners.
4. Workforce Development Workforce development is a very important aspect of economic development in every community. A successful business will have skilled employees who can help move their business forward. This will not only help the business, but the community as a whole.
With the support of local governments and other workforce training organizations, it is possible to improve a business’s profitability dramatically. Programs such as lean training, specific skills training or just improving the whole company on the basics skills will pay off in the long run.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue will be to develop a semi-annual job fair for the county; study the future effects of the aging workforce; and work with area businesses to ensure there is adequate affordable housing in the county for workers.
5. Tourism Tourism is a growing sector in Calumet County as it has been steadily increasing each year. Tourism will continue to grow as more and more people are choosing to stay closer to home while on vacations and with more people taking “day trips” to destinations close to their homes. Calumet County is quickly being known for our agri-tourism attractions with many tourists
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 looking to “get back to the farm” and enjoy the rural atmosphere. Agri-tourism works perfectly with Calumet County’s growing agribusiness cluster.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue will be to hire a consultant to develop a marketing plan; coordinate promotion efforts with the Calumet County Parks Department; target tourist and recreational businesses that could flourish in Calumet County; and increase the marketing budget to allow for more promotion.
6. Community Development Community development is the process or effort of building communities on a local level with emphasis on building the economy. There are many different aspects of community development but downtown development is a vital one.
Downtowns are a critical part of any vibrant community. An active downtown encompasses community spirit, profitable businesses and a gathering place for all. More and more communities are coming to the realization that a successful downtown will add a lot for residents, visitors and business owners.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue will be to work with local Chamber of Commereces to develop workshops and educational opportunities for businesses; and continually work with communities on downtown development.
7. Transportation/Infrastructure An efficient and effective transportation infrastructure is important for local communities to sustain a successful business climate in their respective areas. Just as important is the infrastructure that is set up to support it. Highway, rail, and air are the main types of transportation infrastructure that serve Calumet County. A strong telecommunications infrastructure is also important to economic development in the county. Rural businesses must have the infrastructure to remain successful. Calumet County is fortunate to have fast wireless broadband, various cellular phone companies with service in the area, cable and telephone. There have been numerous entrepreneurs who have taken the initiative to bring these resources to the county to enhance their business.
Some key initiatives for this strategic issue is to develop a group of community leaders that follow transportation issues in the county; continuously monitor rail services; encourage road improvements and promote the New Holstein Municipal Airport as an economic development tool.
6.4 Economic Development Programs
The following are economic development programs, agencies, and activities that are currently in use or available for use in Calumet County. The following can be used to gather further information about economic development and to assist in implementation of economic development goals.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 State Programs
Wisconsin Department of CommerceEconomic Development Corporation The Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation (WEDC)Department of Commerce (WDOC) has several grant programs and services available to communities or businesses within communities. The federally funded Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program can be used for housing, economic development, and public facility improvements. The WDOCWEDC also offers many more business assistance and financing programs as well as economic development news and statistics. For further information contact the WDOCWEDC.
USDA, Wisconsin Rural Development Programs The Wisconsin Rural Development Program has many services that are available to rural communities and their residents. Some programs and services available include: community development programs, business and community programs, rural housing and utilities services, and community facility programs. For further information contact Wisconsin Rural Development.
Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development The Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development (WDWD) is a state agency charged with building and strengthening Wisconsin's workforce in the 21st century and beyond. The Department's primary responsibilities include providing job services, training, and employment assistance to people looking for work, while working with employers on finding the necessary workers to fill current job openings.
Under the WDWD umbrella, a wide variety of employment programs can be found which range from securing jobs for the disabled, assisting former welfare recipients as they make a transition into work, promoting 72 22 job centers, linking youth with the jobs of tomorrow, protecting and enforcing workers’ rights, processing unemployment claims, and ensuring workers compensation claims are paid in accordance with the law. For further information contact the DWD.
Regional Programs and Projects
Northeast Wisconsin (NEW) Economic Opportunity Study Believing that workforce development and economic development are inextricably linked, the Fox Valley Workforce Development Board, in partnership with the Bay Area Workforce Development Board and other agencies, commissioned an economic development study of a 16 county area in Northeast Wisconsin, including Calumet County. The study was completed by NorthStar Economics in October 2004. For further information contact the Fox Valley Workforce Development Board.
New North, Inc. In December of 2005 the New North brand was unveiled. The New North brand is designed to showcase the regions assets and includes a total of 18 counties, including Calumet County. This brand is a reflection of a strategic focus aimed at moving the region from the old economy to the new economy. In addition to working together to promote and help expand existing economic development efforts, New North, Inc. will concentrate on fostering regional collaboration, focusing on targeted growth opportunities, supporting an entrepreneurial climate, encouraging
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 educational attainment, encouraging and embracing diverse talents, and promoting the regional brand. For further information visit the New North, Inc. web-site.
Fox Cities Economic Development Partnership The Fox Cities Economic Development Partnership (FCEDP) is a business attraction organization comprised of the municipalities, organizations, and utilities interested in the economic growth of the Fox Cities area. Its mission, along with that of the Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce and Industry, is to foster the Fox Cities' economic development by creating and implementing marketing programs that promote the area as an attractive location for business and industry. For further information contact the partnership.
Northeast Wisconsin Regional Economic Partnership Calumet County is a member of the Northeast Wisconsin Regional Economic Partnership (NEWREP). NEWREP focuses primarily on businesses engaged in research, development, or manufacture of advanced products. It can also help knowledge-based operations or any business that uses advanced technology production processes, systems, or equipment in traditional manufacturing operations. NEWREP has $5 million in tax incentives available through the Wisconsin Department of Commerce Technology Zone Program to help stimulate the development of technology-based infrastructure and increase venture financing for companies. There are many other financial programs available. For further information contact the Wisconsin Department of Commerce or visit the NEWREP web-site.
Economic Development Strategy The Fox Cities Economic Development Partnership applied for a Wisconsin Department of Commerce community block grant to engage in an economic development feasibility study that included research on the potential for a regional business park. Calumet County applied for the funding on behalf of the collaborative partners, and was granted $475,000 for phase one of a three-phase study.
The strategy is being prepared by S.B. Friedman & Company with coordination from the counties involved, the Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce and Industry (FCCCI), and the Fox Cities Economic Development Partnership (FCEDP). The first phase of the study has been completed. For further information contact any of the groups involved.
Ignite Fox Cities: A Blueprint for Economic Prosperity The Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce and Industry, along with Garner Economics, LLC, developed a report and recommendations for the Fox Cities region. This economic development strategy will position the Fox Cities region to become a strong economic development region that will grow and prosper.
Northeast Wisconsin Global Trade Strategy The Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission and East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, in partnership with the U.S. Department of Commerce, Economic Development Administration, is creating a global strategy for businesses in Northeast Wisconsin that will identify specific industry clusters who would benefit from exporting to specific counties.
Lakeshore Industry Cluster
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-27 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This project has developed to maximize business development opportunities in the Lakeshore region through the implementation of an Industry Cluster Initiative, engaging area industries in the process, to more fully understand the flow of goods and service, barriers to business, assets to be leveraged, workforce development needs and other issues and opportunities that can lead to industry growth and employment. The Industry Cluster Initiative in the Lake Shore Sub Region of The New North, consists of the counties of Manitowoc, Calumet, Kewaunee, Sheboygan and Door. Four Industry Clusters have been identified to be part of the Initiative – Manufacturing, Energy, Tourism and Food (Agriculture).
Ecosystem Services Valuation Ecosystem Services Valuation, Practical Applications for Fox-Wolf Basin Ecosystems Report, by the Fox Wolf Watershed Alliance, in conjunction with the Department of Natural Resources and area partners, looks at specific ecosystem services, such as fishing and tourism, and evaluates the effect of water quality on the economics of those services. This project has an anticipated completion date of summer 2006.
Assessing Telecommunication Infrastructure in Northeast Wisconsin In 2006 the Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission and East Central Regional Planning Commission were funded to complete a study of an 18 county region for telecommunication infrastructure. The study is designed to identify the gaps where technology infrastructure is unavailable or insufficient to support the needs of current and future companies. The study will identify providers of telecommunications, map these resources, identify local services and pricing, assess the competitive environment and customer satisfaction, and provide comparative analysis. For further information either planning commission can be contacted.
County Programs
Calumet County Planning, Zoning, and Land Information Office The Calumet County Planning, Zoning, and Land Information Office serves as a clearinghouse for tourism information and maps. The Department hosts the county tourism website, www.travelcalumet.com; does various activities to attract visitors to the county; and also assists communities with miscellaneous tourism related events. The Department also has an economic development specialist available. The Department also works on regional tourism projects through the International Trade, Business, and Economic Development Council (ITBEC). That Council promotes regional partnerships and promotions with member counties. Currently Calumet, Fond du Lac, Kewaunee, and Winnebago Counties are members of the East Central Wisconsin ITBEC.
Calumet County Business Revolving Loan Fund Program Calumet County, through its partnership with the Wisconsin Department of Commerce, administers a Business Revolving Loan Fund Program. This business loan program is designed to create new employment, retain and expand existing businesses, and provide business loans on a companion basis with other financing resources such as public sector loans or other government loan programs. Eligible activities include acquisition of land, buildings, machinery and fixed equipment, site preparation and installation of equipment, construction, expansion, rehab or removal of existing buildings, and working capital (inventory and direct labor costs
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-28 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 only). For more information on this program contact the Calumet County Planning, Zoning, and Land Information Office.
Calumet County Tourism Association The mission of the Calumet County Tourism Association (CCTA) is to promote Calumet County as a tourist destination by increasing public awareness, thus helping improve the county’s economic environment. CCTA is a volunteer group that is funded through membership dues and is responsible for such items as the annual visitor’s guide.
Calumet County Economic Development Organizations There is a lack of a formal countywide economic development organization in Calumet County. The ad hoc Calumet County Economic Development Group has been meeting as a group since 2001; however, this group is an informal roundtable whose purpose is communication and education. Many in the group have cited the improvement in communication throughout the county, but a more proactive stance has not been undertaken by the group.
There are nine business association groups that are represented in the county.
Brillion Chamber of Commerce Chilton Chamber of Commerce Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce and Industry Fox Cities Visitor and Convention Bureau Heart of the Valley Chamber of Commerce Kiel Area Association of Commerce New Holstein Chamber of Commerce New Holstein Economic Development Corporation Stockbridge Area Business Association
The largest of the group by membership and budget is the Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce and Industry with over 3,0001,300 business members. The Fox Cities Chamber comprises of the Cities of Appleton, Kaukauna, Menasha, and Neenah; the Villages of Hortonville, Kimberly, Sherwood, and Little Chute; and, the Towns of Clayton, Grand Chute, Harrison, Greenville, and Menasha. It offers its members research, survey and demographic data, site selection and development assistance, legislative development, professional development, recognition programs, worker recruitment, training and educational resources, business attraction and retention services, and networking opportunities. In Calumet County, they serve only the Cities of Appleton and Menasha, the Village of Sherwood, and the Town of Harrison.
The next largest is the Heart of the Valley Chamber. The Heart of the Valley Chamber serves the communities of Combined Locks, Darboy, Dundas, Freedom, Forest Junction, Greenleaf, Hollandtown, Kaukauna, Kimberly, Little Chute, Sherwood, and Wrightstown. It offers networking opportunities and social outings, marketing, business referrals, newsletters, promotions, ribbon cuttings, business awards, sponsorships, health insurance, cell phone service, legislative development, and educational programs. Of these communities, those in Calumet County are Darboy, Dundas, Forest Junction and Sherwood.
The next group of chambers, Brillion, Chilton, New Holstein, and Kiel, are all about the same
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-29 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 size and offer about the same membership benefits. The membership benefits offered are a group health insurance rate and opportunities for marketing, promotion, social events, and available property listings. The New Holstein Economic Development Corporation is a group that was formed to help industrial development in the city. The Stockbridge Area Business Association is not set up as a chamber, but as an association of businesses seeking to better market and promote the Stockbridge area.
6.5 Economic Development Trends and Outlook
The following are anticipated trends for Calumet County with regard to economic development for the planning period.
Calumet County’s tourism industry will continue to grow substantially and will become a more dominant sector of the overall county economy.
The manufacturing and agriculture industry will continue to be a major sector of the Calumet County economy.
Increasing farm sizes and opportunities for niche markets such as organic farming will continue to change the agriculture industry in Calumet County.
Calumet County will continue to be an attractive location to live, however commuting out of the county for work will continue at a high rate.
The aging of the workforce will slowly change and drive the need for new workers.
The demand for service industries will increase to deal with the changing population.
Local municipalities will become increasingly competitive to secure new business and industry in order to increase tax revenues.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 6-30 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 7. Intergovernmental Cooperation
In general terms, intergovernmental cooperation is any arrangement by which officials of two or more jurisdictions coordinate plans, policies, and programs to address and resolve issues of mutual interest. It can be as simple as communicating and sharing information, or it can involve entering into formal intergovernmental agreements and sharing resources such as equipment, buildings, staff, and revenue. It can even involve consolidating services, jurisdictions, or transferring territory.
Many issues cross jurisdictional boundaries, affecting more than one community. For example, air, water, and wildlife pass over the landscape regardless of boundaries so that one jurisdiction’s activities with regard to air, water, and wildlife impact other jurisdictions downwind or downstream.
Today, increased communication technologies and personal mobility mean that people, money, and resources also move across jurisdictions, as quickly and freely as air and water. Persons traveling along roadways use a network of transportation routes, moving between jurisdictions without even realizing it.
Frequently, the action of one governmental unit impacts others. Increasingly, we have come to the realization that many vital issues are regional in nature. Watersheds, economic conditions, commuter patterns, housing, media markets, and effects from growth and change are all issues that spill over municipal boundaries and impact the region as a whole. Communities are not islands. For example, the health of the cities of Calumet County and the health of Calumet County as a whole are interconnected.
Wisconsin has over 2,500 units of Calumet County Intergovernmental government and special purpose districts Coordination defined as follows: Calumet County has 3536 units of government 72 counties and special purpose districts. 190 cities 395404 villages 67 Cities 1,2651,257 towns 9 Towns 426443 school districts 4 Villages 16 technical college districts 11 School Districts Sanitary districts, drainage 4 Sanitary Districts districts, lake protection districts, 1 Lake Protection District metropolitan sewage districts, etc. ThreeFour of Calumet County’s cities, Wisconsin ranks 13th nationwide in total Appleton, Kaukauna, Kiel and Menasha, and number of governmental units and third Kiel, each partially lie in twomultiple counties. nationwide in governmental units per capita. Calumet County is home to 3536 different units of government or special purpose districts. ThreeFour of Calumet County’s cities each have portions in other counties. Having so many governmental units allows for very local representation and means that Wisconsin and
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 county residents have numerous opportunities to participate in local decision-making. However, the sheer number of governmental units with overlapping decision-making authority presents challenges. More governmental units can make communication, coordination, and effective action more difficult, creating a greater potential for conflict. Instead of communicating ideas within one jurisdiction, communication needs to move across multiple jurisdictions and involve multiple boards, commissions, committees, executives, administrators, and citizens. Goals between communities may differ and present challenges. More governmental units may also mean unwanted and wasteful duplication in the delivery of community services. Cooperation can help avoid this.
Intergovernmental Cooperation Benefits
There are many reasons intergovernmental cooperation makes sense. The following are some examples:
Cost savings – Cooperation can save money by increasing efficiency and avoiding unnecessary duplication. Cooperation can enable some communities to provide their residents with services that would otherwise be too costly.
Address regional issues – By communicating and coordinating their actions, and working with regional and state jurisdictions, local communities are able to address and resolve issues which are regional in nature.
Early identification of issues – Cooperation enables jurisdictions to identify and resolve potential conflicts at an early stage, before affected interests have established rigid positions, before the political stakes have been raised, and before issues have become conflicts or crises.
Reduced litigation – Communities that cooperate are able to resolve issues before they become mired in litigation. Reducing the possibility of costly litigation can save a community money, as well as the disappointment and frustration of unwanted outcomes.
Consistency – Cooperation can lead to consistency of the goals, objectives, plans, policies, and actions of neighboring communities and other jurisdictions.
Predictability – Jurisdictions that cooperate provide greater predictability to residents, developers, businesses, and others. Lack of predictability can result in lost time, money, and opportunity.
Understanding – As jurisdictions communicate and collaborate on issues of mutual interest, they become more aware of one another’s needs and priorities. They can better anticipate problems and work to avoid them.
Trust – Cooperation can lead to positive experiences and results that build trust between jurisdictions.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 History of success – When jurisdictions cooperate successfully in one area, the success creates positive feelings and an expectation that other intergovernmental issues can be resolved as well.
Service to citizens – The biggest beneficiaries of intergovernmental cooperation are citizens for whom government was created in the first place. They may not understand, or even care about, the intricacies of a particular intergovernmental issue, but all Wisconsin residents can appreciate their benefits, such as costs savings, provision of needed services, a healthy environment, and a strong economy.
This element will contain information regarding existing plans or agreements between Calumet County, its municipalities, and other jurisdictions. In addition, the element identifies existing or potential conflicts, as well as processes to resolve such conflicts relative to cooperative planning and decision making between the county, municipalities, and other governmental units. The following sections also demonstrate instances of existing cooperative situations and delineate new opportunities for communities to explore.
7.1 Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Building Process
In order to facilitate meaningful Geographical Complexities of opportunities for intergovernmental cooperation, the Calumet County Planning ComprehensiveSmart Growth Plan and 13 local plans were partially built utilizing The location of municipal boundaries coordinated approach to plan significantly complicates the plan development development. The county was responsible process as multiple units of government have for all mapping and GIS data development vastly different ways of providing public for all communities in the county, not just services and facilitating growth management those communities participating in the administration. However, multi-jurisdictional plan development process. The level of planning also promotes coordinated regional effort in data coordination to enable the geographic information systems development, mapping products was a large and promotes inter-municipal coordination of data significant effort that involved all and ideas, facilitates cooperative discussion of communities in Calumet County. The land use, growth regulation, and shared data collection and mapping project also services, and promotes efficiency in plan involved Winnebago, Outagamie, and development and implementation. Manitowoc Counties as county jurisdictional boundaries are crossed with local municipal growth.
In terms of actual plan development, all communities in Calumet County were represented through the Calumet County Advisory Committee (CAC) which consisted of at least two representatives from the Calumet County Planning and Zoning Committee, one representative and an alternate from each of the Planning Commissions of all Calumet County communities, and two citizens appointed by the County Board Chairperson. This Committee’s main responsibility was to develop the county plan and provide the framework (goals, objectives, policies, and recommendations) for both the county and for the local participating communities.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The CAC was in charge of developing county plan recommendations in conjunction with coordinated land use and regulatory policy as administered both at the local and county level.
Incorporated community comprehensive plans are part of the county plan. However, a city or village plan is adopted separately and has autonomous authority for regulation and administration within its respective border.
7.2 Status of Planning in Neighboring Counties and Communities
Brown County Calumet County Proximity Calumet County shares a portion of its northern border with Brown County, specifically the Town of Holland.
The Brown County Planning Commission has completed a recommended draft of the Brown County Smart Growth Plan. The existing Brown County Comprehensive PlanYear 2020 Land Use and Transportation Plan was adopted by the Brown County Planning Commission in 19962004 and was not in compliance with the new Wisconsin Statutes for comprehensive plans. The update process was initiated in May of 2002 and completed in October 2004. The plan is titled Brown County Smart Growth Plan - Vision for Great Communities. The Town of Holland adopted the Town of Holland Comprehensive Plan in April 2005.
Manitowoc County
Manitowoc County shares its border with the entire eastern Calumet County border. Manitowoc County communities sharing a border with Calumet include the Towns of Maple Grove, Rockland, Eaton, and Schleswig, and the City of Kiel.
At the writing of this report, Manitowoc County adopted the Manitowoc County 20-Year Comprehensive Plan in December 2009has not initiated a planning process for a Smart Growth
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 compliant plan. The City of Kiel completed a compliant plan in 2002. The Town of Maple Grove’s comprehensive plan was adopted in November 2009, the Towns of Rockland and Schleswig adopted their plans in September 2009, and the Town of Eaton’s plan was adopted in October 2009No other communities sharing a border with Calumet County have completed comprehensive plans.
Sheboygan County
Sheboygan County is located south of Calumet County. A small portion of Sheboygan’s northern border, particularly the Town of Russell, shares its border with Calumet County.
Sheboygan County adopted its comprehensive plan, “Common Vision: Sheboygan County Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2010-2030,” in December 2009is in the pre-development stages of completing a comprehensive plan. The Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources chapter has been completed. The county is working with local municipalities to complete their plans. Approximately five municipalities should have plans done within a year and three other plans are currently in progress. Several communities have also completed plans and some are just starting the process. The county will incorporate these local plans into a county level plan. It is anticipated that county level planning efforts will increase in 2007. The Town of Russell’s comprehensive plan was adopted has not yet completed a comprehensive planin July 2008.
Fond du Lac County
Fond du Lac County is located south of Calumet County. The Town of Calumet is the only Fond du Lac community sharing a border with Calumet County.
To date, Fond du Lac County and the Town of Calumet havehas not completed a Smart Growth compliant comprehensive plan. The Town of Calumet has submitted their plan to the state for review and approval.
Winnebago County
Winnebago County is located to the west of Calumet County; however, only a small portion of their northern borders are shared due to the location of Lake Winnebago which makes up the majority of each counties respective western and eastern border. Although a majority of Menasha is located in Winnebago County, there are approximately 9801014 acres (2619% of the total city land area) located in Calumet County. Menasha is participateding in the Calumet County Smart GrowthComprehensive Plan and adopted the City of Menasha Year 2030 Comprehensive Plan in August 2008to update the city’s previous comprehensive plan.
Winnebago County adopted a comprehensive plan in March of 2006.
Outagamie County
Outagamie County is located to the north of Calumet County. Outagamie County communities sharing borders with Calumet County include the City of Appleton, City of Kaukauna, and the Town of Buchanan. Similar to Menasha in Winnebago County, The City of Appleton occupies
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 2,061 acres (0.81% of Calumet County’s total land area). Appleton completed a comprehensive plan in 1996March 2010.
The Outagamie County Planning Department has initiated cComprehensive pPlanning efforts for the countywide plan was adopted in March 2008..
7.3 Existing Intergovernmental Relationships
There are a total of 15 fire departments, Local Cooperative Assistance eight first responder departments, and four ambulance providers serving Calumet Mutual aid agreements exist between County. The majority of these departments communities throughout the county to address serve more than one community and has police, fire, and ambulance services. Mutual aid service areas which cross municipal agreements allow communities to share borders, and some cross county borders. equipment and resources in the event of need. The service area boundaries of most of Various informal and formal agreements also these services are based more on need and exist between communities throughout the development patterns rather than on county to address sharing services and facilities municipal boundaries. The coordination such as parks, public works equipment, road and provision of these services are based on maintenance, and snowplowing. a variety of different intergovernmental agreements.
The following is an inventory and description of intergovernmental agreements and service relationships that affect communities in Calumet County beyond the standard agreements for mutual aid. Most of the background information and relative information to the service provisions are discussed in Chapter 4, Utilities and Community Facilities.
Utilities and Community Facilities
Police Protection The Calumet County Sheriff’s Department provides law enforcement services to all towns and villages in Calumet County. The Town of Harrison has contracted with the Calumet County Sheriff’s Department for an additional forty hours of service per week beyond the standard protection allocation provided by the Sheriff’s Department. The Villages of Hilbert and Stockbridge contract for an additional 10 hours and seven hours, respectively. These contractual arrangements have been ongoing for several years.
The Calumet County Sheriff’s Department is also a member of the Lake Winnebago Area (MEG) Metropolitan Enforcement Group Unit, a four county drug enforcement unit. The Department also coordinates with Outagamie, Brown, and Winnebago Counties on the FoxComm project. This project involves linking 33 Law Enforcement Agencies, 72 Fire Districts, and 33 EMS Districts together with one common Computer-Aided Dispatch System (CAD).
The Chilton Police Department has also signed an agreement with the county to intermittently use the county gas pump at the County Highway Garage in Chilton. This saves the City of
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Chilton money and also provides the county an additional police presence at the Highway Garage, particularly at night.
Fire Protection and Emergency Services Fire protection services as well as ambulance and first responder services in Calumet County extensively utilize intergovernmental provision of service. Provider service areas are generally not based on municipal boundaries, but on where services are needed. Many providers have service contracts with multiple municipalities. Refer to Map 4-2 in the Utilities and Community Facilities Chapter for fire protection and emergency service provider service area boundaries.
Stormwater Management The Village of Combined Locks and Buchanan in Outagamie County and the Town of Harrison in Calumet County cooperated to create the Garner’s Creek Stormwater Utility in October of 1998. The utility was formed to address frequent stormwater problems in the village and town and helped avoid litigation between these communities.
Public Sewer The Heart of the Valley Metropolitan Sewerage District was established in 1974 to treat wastewater from the City of Kaukauna, the Villages of Little Chute, Kimberly, and Combined Locks, and the Darboy Sanitary District. The Darboy Sanitary District serves the north central portion of the Town of Harrison.
A gravity flow interceptor sewer line extends generally from south to north with a major sewer line under the Fox River, through Little Chute and Kaukauna to the Heart of the Valley Treatment Plant. Darboy’s main interceptor sewer extends to a metering system in Combined Locks where the wastewater is discharged to the major sewer line under the Fox River. Most of the major trunk mains (larger than an 8” line) in the Darboy system are in the Town of Buchanan in Outagamie County.
The Waverly Sanitary District is located in the northwestern portion of the Town of Harrison. The district boundaries run along the north shoreline of Lake Winnebago to Oneida Street, then north to the Appleton corporate limits, serving areas of Menasha and Appleton. Waverly’s system connects with the Town of Menasha Utility District at the Brighton-Beach lift station, where the wastewater is discharged to the Neenah-Menasha Sewerage Commission system.
In spring of 2006 the Village of Stockbridge and the Town of Stockbridge began meetingmet to determine if it was feasible to extend sewer service from the village into the town. The matter is being researched. The two municipalities have planned held a public informational meeting regarding the matter in Junefor summer of 2006. It was recently determined by the town to no longer pursue the sewer extension at this time. The Village of Stockbridge did not feel it was in their best interest to extend sewer and promote development in the town when so much developable land is available in the village and because the long-term availability of potable water from the village wells is currently unknown. However, the village would be willing to entertain requests for wastewater conveyance for private septic system problems. Also, several of the residents that were to be part of the proposed sanitary district were not in support of the project. The county encourages that the two communities continue to communicate on this matter in case the need to extend sewer arises in the future.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 In the Town of Brothertown there is some sewer along the lakeshore at the far southern end of the town. This service is extended from Fond du Lac County.
Public Water In 2003, the Darboy Sanitary District contracted with the Village of Kimberly for up to 1,100 gallons of water per minute to assure a future water supply for the District. This water supply will support the District’s ultimate growth boundary without any expansion to the District’s system.
The water for the Waverly Sanitary District is purchased from the Town of Menasha Utility District and the City of Appleton. The Waverly Sanitary District is in the process of converting to the City of Appleton as the primary water supplier. The Waverly Sanitary District serves portions of the Town of Harrison and the City of Menasha through inter-municipal agreements.
School Districts At a Municipal Leaders Meeting held in 2005, opportunities for developing relationships between school districts and local governments were discussed. Suggested opportunities include the following.
Shared insurance pool for health, life, etc. Coordination with police departments and police school liaisons. Snowplowing coordination. Coordination of maintenance shop services. Shared equipment purchases. Coordination on paving. Cooperative agreements on the use of recreational facilities or meeting rooms. Cooperation on training of staff.
The City of New Holstein and the New Holstein School District have worked together to purchase a lawn aerator. The City of Appleton and Appleton School District have also worked together on many issues including liaison officers, equipment sharing, utilization of facilities, land purchases, joint training, and joint purchasing.
East Shore Recycling Commission The East Shore Recycling Commission was started in 1994. Member communities include the Cities of Brillion, Chilton, Kiel, and New Holstein and the Villages of Hilbert, Potter, and Sherwood, and the Towns of Brillion, Brothertown, Calumet (Fond du Lac County), Charlestown, New Holstein, and Rantoul, and Woodville. Communities work together to jointly negotiate recycling collection and processing contracts with private providers. By working together these municipalities feel they are offered a better rate on recycling services from providers. The existing processing and marketing contract for these services will expire in 20072013. The Commission is run with established bylaws and a board which meets as needed. The Commission has also more recently begun working on recycling education through funds offered by a grant program at the WDNR.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Boundary Agreements
In addition to the agreements listed below, the City of Menasha and City of Appleton also have a boundary agreement.
Town of Harrison and City of Appleton The Town of Harrison and the City of Appleton have established an inter-municipal agreement under Wisconsin Statutes 66.30 and 66.027. The agreement allows the communities to do the following:
Establish fixed boundaries; Facilitate orderly development in the town and the city; Eliminate current litigation and avoid future litigation; Provide for cost effective governmental services to the citizens of the town and the city; and Promote harmony between the two municipalities.
Within the agreement, the city agrees not to annex any territory east of Coop Road and South of Manitowoc Road for a period of 50 years. The town agrees to not contest any annexation of property within the territory west of Coop Road and North of Manitowoc Road. The agreement also details information on property owner involvement, use of referendums, sanitary service, financing, and additional timeframes with regard to possible future annexations. The agreement was put into effect in 1999 and is applicable for 50 years.
Town of Harrison, City of Menasha, and the Waverly Sanitary District The Town of Harrison, City of Menasha, and the Waverly Sanitary District have established an inter-municipal agreement under Wisconsin Statutes 66.027, 66.30, and 66.028. A boundary is established under the agreement in which city may annex without town objection. This area is known as the city growth area. Territory is also established as a town growth area in which the city shall not accept any petition for annexation. The town growth area is generally described as territory east of Lake Park Road. The agreement also details zoning, building permit, construction, and sewer service requirements for both the town and city growth areas. The agreement was established in 1999.
City of Chilton, Town of Chilton, Town of Charlestown, and Calumet County The City of Chilton, Town of Chilton, Town of Charlestown, and Calumet County have established an intergovernmental agreement under Wisconsin Statutes 66.0301. The agreement was established for the following primary purposes:
Provide a mechanism and forum to discuss and plan for the orderly development and boundary issues of territory adjacent the city, approximately 1.5 miles beyond the city boundary, into the towns. Area is described as the growth area.
Provide appropriate and cost effective services in the growth area.
Include the county and representative in zoning of the growth area.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Control urban sprawl by preventing unplanned development and protecting natural resources.
Promote and jointly plan highway improvements.
Provide for land disposal of bio-solids from the city’s sewage treatment plant in the towns and provide for town cooperation with the city in developing and drilling new municipal wells.
The agreement details zoning, sanitary, annexation, and general planning issues in the growth area and establishes a Joint Planning Committee. The city and tTown of Charlestown agree to share financial and maintenance responsibility for specific roads in the growth area. The towns agrees to permit land disposal of bio-solids in accordance with DNR rules and will not object to the city locating additional wells in the towns. Any new development in the growth area will require municipal services and therefore annexation to the city. The agreement went into effect in 2001, renewed in 2007, and has a term of five years, 10 years for water and sewer service, and shall be renewed by agreement between the city, town, and county.
County Transportation Services
The Calumet County Highway Department provides a variety of services to municipalities in Calumet County. Typical services that are contracted from the department by municipalities include paving, signing and pavement marking, snow and ice control, sweeping, drainage improvements, patching, and a variety of other maintenance and construction services. The Calumet County Highway Department also provides services to other county departments including the courthouse, sheriff’s department, and to county parks.
Another example of transportation services and intergovernmental cooperation involves the CTH KK area. In an effort to relieve congestion in the CTH KK/Coop Road area, Calumet County entered into an agreement spring of 2005 with the City of Appleton which specifies the county would pay Appleton to construct that portion of Midway Road between Coop Road and Eisenhower Drive, and, Appleton agreed to install that portion of Eisenhower Drive between County Highway KK and Midway Road. Construction was completed in 2006should occur in 2006.
County Health Related Services
Providing public health, hospice, and home health care services and assistance are is a services typically provided by counties. The Calumet County Health and Human Services Department provides thesethis services to county residents in addition to home health care and hospice services. , but tThe department also performs some intergovernmental functions. For example, the department has a memorandum of understanding with the City of Appleton to provide additional follow up for newborns needing Bright Futures services. By state statute the department can also provide mutual aid to other public heath department members in our surrounding area in a health related emergency. In addition, Calumet County Public Health partners with neighboring health departments as part of the Fox Cities Healthcare Partnership to work on health care priorities in our region. The department is in multiple collaborative efforts
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 with other local health departments as well as other agencies. members of the area bioterrorism consortium in a health related emergency. Members of the consortium include the Cities of Menasha, Appleton, Neenah, Oshkosh and Counties of Winnebago, Green Lake, Waushara, and Outagamie. The Calumet County Health Department also partners with neighboring county health departments, the Fox Cities Health Care Consortium, to work on health priorities in the region.
In 2006 the Calumet County Medical Examiner began an agreement with Fond du Lac County to provide autopsy services when needed, approximately 13-14 procedures per year. This work had formerly been completed in Milwaukee. Several other counties are exploring the idea of a consortium with Fond du Lac County for these services.
7.4 Wisconsin Intergovernmental Agreement Statutes
The following state statutes allow for or relate to intergovernmental cooperation in Wisconsin.
66.0301 - Intergovernmental Cooperation
Wisconsin Statute, 66.0301 permits local agreements between the state, cities, villages, towns, counties, regional planning commissions, and certain special districts, including school districts, public library systems, public inland lake protection and rehabilitation districts, sanitary districts, farm drainage districts, metropolitan sewerage districts, and sewer utility districts, Indian tribes or bands, and others.
Intergovernmental agreements prepared in accordance with s. 66.0301, formerly s. 66.30, are the most common form of agreement and have been used by communities for years, often in the context of sharing public services such as police, fire, or rescue. This type of agreement can also be used to provide for revenue sharing, determine future land use within a subject area, and to set temporary municipal boundaries. However, the statute does not require planning as a component of any agreement and boundary changes have to be accomplished through the normal annexation process.
66.0307 - Boundary Changes Pursuant to Approved Cooperative Plan
Under Section 66.0307, Wisconsin Statutes, combinations of municipalities may prepare cooperative boundary plans or agreements. Each city, village, or town that intends to participate in the preparation of a cooperative plan must adopt a resolution authorizing its participation in the planning process.
Cooperative boundary plans or agreements involve decisions regarding the maintenance or change of municipal boundaries for a period of 10 years or more. The cooperative plan must include a plan for the physical development of the territory covered by the plan; a schedule for changes to the boundary; plans for the delivery of services; an evaluation of environmental features and a description of any adverse environmental consequences that may result from the implementation of the plan; and address the need for safe and affordable housing. The participating communities to the plan must hold a public hearing prior to its adoption. Once
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 adopted, the plan must be submitted to the Wisconsin Department of Commerce for state approval. Upon approval, the cooperative plan has the force and effect of a contract.
66.0309 Creation, Organization, Powers and Duties of Regional Planning Commissions.
Wisconsin Statute 66.0309 permits local governments to petition the governor to create a regional planning commission (RPC). If local support for a commission is unanimous, the governor may create it by executive order. The governor may also create a commission if local governments representing over 50% of the population or assessed valuation of the proposed region consent to the creation. Commission members are appointed by either local governments or the governor.
State Statutes require the RPC to perform three major functions:
Make and adopt a master plan for the physical development of the region.
If requested by a local unit, report recommendations to that local unit on the location of or acquisition of land for any of the items or facilities which are included in the adopted regional master plan.
Make an annual report of its activities to the legislative bodies of the local governmental units within the region.
RPC’s are also authorized to perform several other functions, however, by law; they serve a strictly advisory role. The East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission serves the Counties of Calumet, Fond du Lac, Green Lake, Marquette, Menominee, Outagamie, Shawano, Waupaca, Waushara and Winnebago. All of Calumet County and its municipalities are served by the Commission except for the City of Kiel which is served by the Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission.
Extraterritorial Plat Review and Zoning
Cities and villages that have adopted a subdivision ordinance or official map can exercise extraterritorial plat approval jurisdiction for three miles beyond the corporate limits of a first, second, or third class city and one and one-half miles beyond the limits of a fourth class city or village. Specifics relative to Extraterritorial Plat Review can be found under Wis. Stats. S.236.02(5). Classes of municipalities are based on population, but a municipality does not move up a class until it takes action to do so. Based on 2005 population estimates, aAll municipalities in Calumet County are fourth class cities except for the Cityies of Kaukauna and Menasha which isare a third class cityies and the City of Appleton which is a second class city.
Any city of village that has a plan commission may exercise extraterritorial zoning power in the unincorporated areas surrounding the city or village. The extraterritorial zoning power may be exercised in the unincorporated areas located within three miles of the corporate limits of a first, second or third class city, or within one and one-half miles of a fourth class city or village. Extraterritorial zoning may be initiated by a city or village adopting a resolution and providing notice of the extraterritorial area to be zoned. The city or village may unilaterally adopt an
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 interim zoning ordinance to preserve existing zones or uses for up to two years while a comprehensive zoning plan is being prepared. A joint committee, consisting of three city or village plan commission members and three town members must approve of the plan and regulations by majority vote. Extraterritorial zoning is not commonly used in the State of Wisconsin.
Annexation
Wisconsin Statute, 66.021, Annexation of Territory, provides three petition methods by which annexation may occur. Annexation involves the transfer of one or more tax parcels from a town to a city or village. Cities and villages cannot annex property without the consent of landowners as required by the following petition procedures:
1. Unanimous Approval - A petition is signed by all of the electors residing in the territory and the owners of all of the real property included within the petition.
2. Notice of intent to circulate petition (direct petition for annexation) - The petition must be signed by a majority of electors in the territory and the owners of one-half of the real property either in value or in land area. If no electors reside in the territory, then only the landowners need sign the petition.
Annexation by referendum - A petition requesting a referendum election on the question of annexation may be filed with the city or village when signed by at least 20 percent of the electors in the territory. Calumet County cities and villages have grown and will likely continue to grow through the use of annexation.
7.5 Intergovernmental Plans and Programs Currently in Use
The following programs and agencies, which involve intergovernmental relations, are utilized in Calumet County.
State Programs
Wisconsin Towns Association (WTA) Wisconsin Towns Association (WTA) is a non-profit, non-partisan, statewide organization created under s. 60.23(14) of the Wisconsin Statutes to protect the interests of the state's 1,264 towns and to improve town government. In 2004 WTA celebrated its 57th year of service to town governments and the state's 1.6 million town residents. The association is organized into six districts and is headquartered in Shawano. WTA relies on regular district meetings, an annual statewide convention, publications, participation in cooperative training programs, and other means to support the goal of keeping grassroots government strong and efficient in Wisconsin. Calumet County towns are active participants in the Wisconsin Towns Association. For further information contact the WTA.
League of Wisconsin Municipalities The League of Wisconsin Municipalities is a non-profit association of municipalities. First established in 1898, the League acts as an information clearinghouse, lobbying organization and
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 legal resource for Wisconsin municipalities. Its membership consists of 378 villages and all of the 190 cities in the state. Calumet County cities and villages participate in the League of Wisconsin Municipalities. For further information contact the League.
Wisconsin Counties Association The Wisconsin Counties Association (WCA) is an association of county governments assembled for the purpose of serving and representing counties. The direction of the organization is one that is determined by the membership and the WCA Board of Directors consistent with the parameters set forth by the WCA Constitution. For further information contact the WCA.
Wisconsin Partnership The State of Wisconsin offers local government contract purchasing, technical advice, data and financial assistance to more efficiently provide government services and increase cooperation. At the Wisconsin Partnership web-site a variety of information is provided to help local governments become more cost-effective. For further information visit the web-site or contact the Wisconsin Department of Administration, Division of Intergovernmental Relations.
Regional Programs
East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission The Commission is the official comprehensive planning agency for the East Central Wisconsin Counties of Calumet, Fond du Lac, Green Lake, Marquette, Menominee, Outagamie, Shawano, Waupaca, Waushara and Winnebago. Services provided by the Commission include comprehensive and land use planning; transportation improvement and corridor planning; open space, recreational and environmental planning; economic development; demographic information and projections; technical assistance to local governments; geographic information services and aerial photography distribution. For further information contact the Commission.
Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission The Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission is a public agency that has been established to provide planning service on area-wide issues, to represent local interests on state and federal planning program activities, and to provide local planning assistance to communities in the Bay- Lake Region. The Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission was established by Governor Patrick Lucey in 1972 by Executive Order 35 and covers the counties of Brown, Door, Florence, Kewaunee, Manitowoc (including City of Kiel which is partially located in Calumet County), Marinette, Oconto and Sheboygan in northeastern Wisconsin. For further information contact the Commission.
Northeast Wisconsin Regional Economic Partnership (NEWREP) NEWREP consists of 16 counties in Northeast Wisconsin, from Fond du Lac County to Florence County. NEWREP has been designated as one of eight multi-county Technology Zones in Wisconsin. Tax credits are available for high-tech businesses planning to expand or locate in each Technology Zone. NEWREP has $5 million in tax incentives available over a 10-year period, which began in 2002. Qualification for tax credits is based on the investment spending in the business, jobs created or retained, wages for jobs created, and property taxes. For further information visit the NEWREP web-site or contact the Wisconsin Department of Commerce.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Fox Cities Economic Development Partnership (FCEDP) FCEDP is a business attraction organization comprised of the municipalities, organizations and utilities interested in the economic growth of the Fox Cities area. Its mission, along with that of the Fox Cities Chamber of Commerce and Industry, is to foster the Fox Cities' economic development by creating and implementing marketing programs that promote the area as an attractive location for business and industry. For further information contact FCEDP.
International Trade and Economic Development Council (ITBEC) ITBEC is organized through the Wisconsin Counties Association and encourage counties to work cooperatively on economic development and tourism projects. Calumet County is a member of the Wisconsin East Central ITBEC. Other counties in this ITBEC are Fond du Lac, Kewaunee, and Winnebago. For further information contact the Wisconsin Counties Association.
Northeast Wisconsin Stormwater Consortium (NEWSC) The mission of NEWSC is to facilitate efficient implementation of stormwater programs locally and regionally that will both meet WDNR and EPA regulatory requirements and maximize the benefit of stormwater activities to the watershed by fostering partnerships and by providing technical, administrative, and financial assistance to members. For further information contact the Consortium or the WDNR.
Fox-Wolf Watershed Alliance (FWWA) FWWA is an independent nonprofit organization that identifies issues and advocates effective policies and actions that protect, restore and sustain the water resources of the Fox-Wolf River Basin. For further information contact the Alliance.
Glacierland RC&D RC&D is a non-biased, rural development program focusing on the conservation, development and utilization of area resources to improve the standard of living. It joins forces with individuals, agencies and groups to improve the social, economic and environmental opportunities of the local area. The RC&D program was established by federal legislation in 1962. This act directs the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to help units of government conserve and properly utilize all resources in solving local issues. Citizens who are aware of the opportunities first hand provide leadership and work together to set program priorities. A variety of individuals, government agencies, organizations, environmental groups and business institutions provide assistance to these people in accomplishing their program goals. For further information contact the RC&D program.
County Programs
Calumet County Municipal Leaders Group This group is comprised of all city mayors, village clerks, and town chairpersons in Calumet County. They meet quarterly to discuss ways to cooperate better and share services. The group is organized through the County Administrator’s Office, which can be contacted for further information.
7.6 Intergovernmental Cooperation Trends and Outlook
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The following intergovernmental trends are anticipated during the planning period Efficiency of Services within Calumet County. Government will continually face the pressures Intergovernmental cooperation to provide more services to meet the demands will continue to increase as state, of growth in an environment of decreasing county, and local operating federal and state aid, and local pressure to budgets become more restrictive reduce taxes. and partnerships are pursued.
As more jurisdictions create comprehensive plans and share them with surrounding communities, new opportunities for intergovernmental cooperation will become apparent.
Growing communities without growth management staff may need to address administrative applications, joint management, or shared services and staff with other communities for building inspection or land use permitting procedures.
The sharing of employees, equipment, and facilities will increase locally to meet demand at reduced costs.
The use of boundary agreements and extraterritorial review tools will increase as development pressures increase near municipal borders.
The level of success with intergovernmental agreements will have a direct relationship with the level of trust between communities.
School districts within Calumet County will face challenges to maintain expected educational standards in the face of enrollments fluctuation and anticipated budget declines.
Economic development efforts will require leveraging the strengths of the county as a region rather than an uncoordinated, individual focus on a community level.
Successful intergovernmental cooperation will require sustained commitment and investment by all affected parties to produce value over time.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 7-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 8. Land Use
Evaluating land use entails broadly classifying how land is used. Land use analysis then assesses the impacts on community development patterns based on land ownership, development controls and regulations, and the market forces that drive development. Each type of land use has its own characteristic that can determine compatibility, location, and preference to other land uses. The maps developed in the planning process (especially the existing land use map) are used to analyze the current development pattern, and serve as the framework for formulating how land will be used in the future.
The land use element of the comprehensive planning process is typically the most interesting and emotionally sensitive to local residents and landowners. This is largely due to the fact that land use and private property rights are often directly intertwined with land use management and regulation. Land use regulations, topography, community infrastructure, private market demands, ownership patterns, and resource management all contribute to the character of the community as it is known today.
A primary function of this land use element is to help assess the development pattern and how it potentially impacts future land use. The analysis should result in some perspective as to how the components of land use relate to each other, and develop some ideas on land use management that is compatible and desirable for Calumet County’s long term development pattern. To accomplish this, one must consider a range of ideas and opinions relative to land use, property rights, and community values. Because land use is a people-oriented process, personal opinions, desires, and attitudes, and legal and political considerations all have land use impacts. Some of these variables have been discussed in earlier sections and will be used as a reference; other aspects will be discussed as the preferred land use plan is developed.
8.1 Existing Land Use Land Use Inventory (Please note that the existing land use data in this chapter was not updated as part of the January Existing land use as of 2004 was 2012 amendment process.) Table 8-1, Figure 8-1, inventoried by the East-Central and Map 8-1 detail the existing land uses found in Wisconsin Regional Planning Calumet County. The land use pattern in Calumet Commission using aerial photography, County consists of rural towns containing mostly other existing maps, field verification, agricultural land and scattered residential and input from local communities. The development, along with several small existing land use inventory incorporates incorporated communities providing centers for land use classifications that were commerce, services, and cultural resources. There determined to best represent the are vast differences between the northern portions character and features of the county of the county where the Town of Harrison, City while being classified consistently of Menasha, and City of Appleton are growing at throughout the East-Central planning rates well beyond any other areas of the county. region. As an example, the Town of Harrison averaged 150 new housing units from 1990 to 2002, and 276 new housing units per year from 1999 to 2002. The proximity of the Town of Harrison to the rapidly growing Fox River Valley has
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 resulted in Harrison (and the northern tier of Calumet County) evolving into an urbanizing area. Currently, the Town of Harrison is pursuing incorporating a 4.6 square mile portion of the town to a village due to the urbanized nature of the area, which contains approximately 7,375 residents.
According to the 2004 Harrison Comprehensive Plan, the farming economy and the status of the Town of Harrison farmers (age and the financial feasibility of heirs to continue farming) leaves development as the most financially viable option for many of the remaining farm owners. This is quite a different land use pattern than the central and southern portions of the county that are predominantly rural, agricultural areas with small urban centers. To represent that point, one only needs to review lot creation (both certified survey maps and subdivision plats) in 2003 as a refection of the county development activity. The three towns on the county’s northern tier (Harrison, Woodville, and Brillion) had 216 new lots created, whereas the southern tier towns (Brothertown, Charlestown, and New Holstein) had 58 new lots created. Nearly four times as many lots created in the northern portion of the county than in the southern portion, and the Town of Woodville had only one lot created in 2003. The rate of growth and the location of development have vastly different impacts in the county. However, the recent economic downturn in the economy and subsequent decline in new home construction has caused the rate of growth to decline in recent years. For example, only 57 lots were created in 2010 in Calumet County.
Intensive uses, including both urban and rural Land Use and Lake Winnebago residential, commercial, industrial, recreational, and institutional uses, occupy only Calumet County possesses tremendous 4.8% of the county’s land area. Base features, water features, primarily in Lake including waterways, roads, and railroads Winnebago. Most of the county’s western occupy another 5.5% of the land area. The border is shared with the lake. Of the county’s dominant land use is farm and county’s 254,121.6 acres, 49,314.7 acres cropland, contributing 65.5% of the county’s (19.4%) is Lake Winnebago. Of the total land use. As indicated on Map 8-1, Calumet County’s surface water totals, cropland and other agricultural land/pasture is Lake Winnebago comprises 94.7% of all found extensively throughout the county. A the surface water. For planning purposes, simple comparison with the Prime Soils map in the land use calculations in this chapter Chapter 5 can help discern the relationship of typically exclude Lake Winnebago’s agricultural activity in Calumet County with surface water acreage to allow a direct environmental features that can support it. focus on actual land use. Cropped farm land has planning implications different than other types of agriculture due to the relationship with soils, so the existing land use map displays cropland as one classification and ‘open other land’ as another classification. See the Appendix for a complete description of the existing land use classifications.
Forestlands also contribute a significant portion to the county’s total land use with 14.5% of total land use. Forestland areas are concentrated within the Brillion, Killsnake, and Kiel Marsh Wildlife Areas as well as areas adjacent the county’s many rivers and streams. Forestland is also scattered throughout the county in smaller tracts, generally where farmland or other use of the land may be difficult due to slopes or wetlands and where landowners have chosen to leave the
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 area in a natural state. In addition, the small woodland tracts are often highly valued for recreational purposes in addition to residential development. The woodland tracts have grown in value higher than the agricultural lands due to both use value assessment for agriculture and the market demands related to prime investment properties.
Residential land use makes up an additional 3.6% of total land use in the county. Residential land use includes single family, multi-family, mobile homes, and farm residences. Single family homes are the dominant residential use in the county with other forms of residential use contributing less than 4% to total residential uses. As the existing land use map shows, residential land use is most concentrated within the county’s cities and villages. There is a significant amount of rural residential found throughout the county. The rural residential uses are generally located along county highways, town roads as well as along the shoreline of Lake Winnebago.
Transportation and utilities, which includes roads, highways, and railroads, make up approximately 4% of the county’s total land use. All remaining land uses found in Calumet County contribute less than 2% of the total uses.
Table 8-1 2004 Existing Land Use, Calumet County Feature Acreage % of Total Residential 7,372.74 3.6% Single Family Residential 7,103.4 3.5% Multi-Family 181.5 0.1% Mobile Home 87.8 0.0% Commercial 790.6 0.4% Industrial 1,036.6 0.5% Quarry 470.5 0.2% Institutional 588.2 0.3% Transportation & Utilities 8,426.3 4.1% Farm & Cropland 134,147.6 65.5% Forestlands 29,682.8 14.5% Recreational 2,431.4 1.2% Open/Other 17,557.7 8.6% Water 2,773.1 1.4% Total* 204,806.91 100.0% Source: Calumet County Planning Department, 2004. *Does not include Lake Winnebago.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Figure 8-1 Existing Land Use, Calumet County
Forestlands, Recreational, 14.5% 1.2% Open/Other, 8.6%
Water, 1.4%
Residential, 3.6%
Commercial, 0.4%
Industrial, 0.5%
Institutional, 0.3% Farm & Cropland, 65.5% Transportation & Utilities, 4.1%
Source: Calumet County Planning Department, 2004.
Land Use Connections
Land use is integrated with all elements of the comprehensive planning process. Changes in land use are not isolated, but rather are often the end result of a change in another element. For example, development patterns evolve over time as a result of population growth, the development of new housing, the development of new commercial or industrial sites, the extension of utilities or services, or the construction of a new road.
Implementation Population Issues & & Housing Opportunities
Economic Utilities & Community Development Land Use Facilities
Intergovernmental Agricultural, Natural Cooperation Transportation & Cultural Resources
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-4 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 8-1 Land Use
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Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-6 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 8.2 Land and Resource Management
Land and resource management is comprised of several components that significantly affect land use. The type of land ownership has a direct correlation to how that property is managed, and how lands may be used in the future. As resource management takes place under both private and public land ownership, the type of public and private resource management programs utilized are primary to evaluating the impact on land use. Understanding the correlations between land use and land management are necessary to evaluate why or how lands are regulated the way they are (or how they should be). Generally speaking, evaluating land use with land management, regulation, and environmental features will allow correlation between the existing conditions that create our landscape and the features we find valuable in Calumet County. The bridge to the future will be when those conditions we value, such as the county’s rural and small community character and natural resources, are managed in concert with land management and regulation to achieve economic development and natural resources preservation.
In Calumet County, the public land is mainly owned by the State of Wisconsin. The High Public Land Ownership Per Cliff State Park, along with the Brillion, Capita Killsnake, and Kiel Wildlife areas comprise a large majority of the public land acreage. The In Calumet County, there are county also owns a significant acreage which approximately 12,71411,920 acres of are not designated under a specific resource publicly owned land, or .3124 acres of protection program, however they are county public land per person. As a percentage of overall public land acreage per capita, controlled and will most likely remain as th county resource land in the future. These lands Calumet County ranks 4950 out of are owned by Calumet County for the purpose Wisconsin’s 72 counties. Forest County of natural resource management and also ranks first in the state with include land within the Calumet County Park 378,594375,758 acres (37.740.4 acres managed for natural environments and passive per person), while recreation uses. MenomineeMilwaukee ranks last with 16,60016 acres (.002 acre per person). Source: 2003-20042011-2012 Wisconsin Blue Book The following are the most common land and resource management tools used in Calumet County. Some of the following information, such as farmland preservation and managed forest law data was discussed in the Agriculture, Natural, and Cultural Resources Chapter of this document. The data was also included here as well to allow ease of use by the reader.
Farmland Preservation ProgramWorking Lands Initiative
The Wisconsin Working Lands Initiative, created in 2009, provides participating landowners with an opportunity to claim farmland preservation tax credits. The tax credits are income tax credits that are applied against tax liability. Tax credit amounts are: $5.00 an acre for farmers with a farmland preservation agreement signed after July 1, 2009 and located in an agricultural enterprise area. $7.50 an acre for farmers in an area zoned for farmland preservation.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 $10.00 an acre for farmers in an area zoned and certified for farmland preservation in an agricultural enterprise areas, with a farmland preservation agreement signed after July 1, 2009. Landowners must be residents of Wisconsin and must meet other eligibility criteria to claim the credit, including compliance with state soil and water conservation standards. farmland preservation program provides state income tax credits to farmers who meet the program's requirements. Farmers qualify if their land is zoned or if they sign an agreement to use their land exclusively for agricultural purposes. The landowner must own 35 acres or more, and produce gross farm profits of $6,000 in the previous year. Public access is not required. Table 8-2 compares land enrolled in farmland preservation programs in Calumet County to its surrounding counties.details the amount of farmland being preserved under the program in towns in Calumet County.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-2 Comparative Farmland Preservation Agreements, Calumet County and Selected Areas Towns, 20042010 # of Municipality Claimants Credit Acreage Calumet County 196 $209,762 30,962 Brown County 638 $599,483 92,775 Fond du Lac County 980 $1,208,800 172,998 Manitowoc County 688 $805,854 108,900 Outagamie County 323 $294,505 46,981 Sheboygan County 518 $563,157 79,310 Winnebago County 117 $109,974 19,082 Source: Calumet County Planning DepartmentWisconsin Department of Revenue, December 2011. Includes data from the old Farmland Tax Relief Program and the new Farmland Preservation Program.
Managed Forest Law Program
The Managed Forest Law (MFL) program can ease the property tax burden for Wisconsin forestland owners who wish to manage their woodlands. The MFL program is intended to foster timber production on private forests, while recognizing other values. MFL participants pay property taxes at a reduced rate. A portion of the foregone taxes is recouped by the state at the time the timber is harvested. The Wisconsin Department of Revenue estimates MFL program participants can reduce their property tax an average of 80% after paying harvest taxes.
The MFL program is open to all private landowners with at least 10 acres of woods or forestland that meet three requirements:
80% of the land must be productive forestland capable of producing wood products (can grow at least 20 cubic feet of wood per acre per year).
Forests must cover 80% of the land. A forest is an area currently forested or will soon be regenerated to forests.
The minimum average width of the enrolled land is no less than 120 feet.
The MFL program requires a contract period of either 25 or 50 years. Participation in the MFL program requires an approved, written forest management plan and an application fee. To get the lowest annual property tax rate, landowners must allow the public to access the land. Access on these “open” lands is only for hunting, fishing, hiking, sightseeing, and cross-country skiing. Landowners may choose to “close” land to public access. However, there are limits to the number of acres per municipality (city, town, or village) that may be designated as closed. The tax rates on “closed” land are higher as well. Table 8-3 details the use of the MFL program for towns in Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-3 Managed Forest Law Agreements, Calumet County Towns, 20042011 Open Closed % of Municipality Acres Acres Total County Total T. Brillion 38.0 143.0 181.0 5.0% T. Brothertown 77.8 577.3 655.1 18.2% T. Charlestown 0.0 1,140.4 1,140.4 31.6% T. Chilton 10.0 99.0 109.0 3.0% T. Harrison 0.0 207.6 207.6 5.8% T. New Holstein 40.6 333.7 374.4 10.4% T. Rantoul 0.0 119.0 119.0 3.3% T. Stockbridge 89.0 495.8 584.8 16.2% T. Woodville 46.0 188.0 234.0 6.5% Calumet County 301.4 3,303.9 3,605.3 100.0% Source: Calumet County Planning DepartmentWisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
There is a total of approximately 3,5003,600 acres of forestland enrolled in the MFL program in Calumet County. The majority of MFL land is closed to the public and only 11.58.4% is open for public use. The Town of Charlestown has the greatest amount of land enrolled in the MFL program in the county, followed by the Towns of Brothertown and Stockbridge.
Land Trusts
A land trust is a nonprofit organization that, as all or part of its mission, actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in land or conservation easement acquisition, or by its stewardship of such land or easements.
There areis currently noone land trust easements in Calumet County, the Allan Voskuil Wildlife Preserve located in the Town of Chilton. , but there are Local land trust organizations in place includeing the North East Wisconsin Land Trust (NEWLT) and Glacial Lakes Conservancy (GLC). GLC works with the county to help implement their PACE Ordinance, a code to help purchase agricultural conservation easements. National land trust organizations are also available for use in Calumet County.
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 8-2 Natural Resource Management
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Overall, lands that are enrolled in a resource management program or that are managed in a way that would allow logical assessment for future land use can then be compared to the existing development pattern for analysis. The process of land use planning will use this information to help build classifications of preferred land use that will ultimately build the county plan. As an example, the lands currently enrolled in the farmland preservation program can be viewed as possible lands that will be agriculturally orientated in the future. This information helps the town and town landowners to discern not only the land use situation now, but also view the potential future land use, assuming the conditions and program enrollment stay the same. Table 8-4 displays all the ownership acreages that impact land use.
Table 8-4 Natural Resource Management Ownership, Calumet County, 20042011 City, Village, Conservation County State/WDNR Municipality Town Owned Groups Owned Owned Total T. Brillion 154 55 0 2,664 2,873 T. Brothertown 15 0 0 0 15 T. Charlestown 21 30 0 4,737 4,788 T. Chilton 1 0 106 0 107 T. Harrison 16 0 0 861 877 T. New Holstein 6 132 0 348 486 T. Rantoul 35 500 74 2,796 3,405 T. Stockbridge 11 97 185 43 336 T. Woodville 74 0 0 0 74 V. Hilbert 7 0 0 0 7 V. Potter 6 0 0 0 6 V. Sherwood 17 0 0 220 237 V. Stockbridge 3 5 0 0 8 C. Appleton* 0 0 0 0 0 C. Brillion 90 0 0 0 90 C. Chilton 20 0 0 0 20 C. Kaukauna* 0 0 0 0 0 C. Kiel* 4 0 0 0 4 C. Menasha* 430 0 37 5 472 C. New Holstein 60 0 0 0 60 Calumet County 959 819 402 11,685 13,864 *Only includes land in Calumet County. Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 8.3 Supply, Demand, and Price Trends of Land
Equalized Valuation
The equalized value of real property provides insight into land pricing and is a vital component to the provision of public facilities and services. The increase in real property in a community and the county allows for additional tax revenue necessary to fund public facilities and service programs in the county.
Equalized values are based on the full market value of all taxable property in the state, except for agricultural land. In order to provide property tax relief for farmers, the value of agricultural land is determined by its value for agricultural uses rather then for its possible development value, which is termed a “use value” system, rather than one based on full market value.
Table 8-5 details the total equalized values for Calumet County from 19992007 to 20032011 by land category.
Table 8-5 Equalized Valuation, Calumet County, 1999-20032007-2011 Ag Forest Undeveloped Total Year Residential Commercial Manufacturing Agricultural & Forest & Other* Real Estate 2007 $2,596,111,600 $354,243,500 $78,044,900 $26,269,900 $17,473,500 $130,370,900 $3,202,514,300 2008 $2,672,312,400 $362,560,400 $77,722,400 $27,004,700 $30,406,200 $140,014,500 $3,310,020,600 2009 $2,719,536,900 $404,514,900 $83,655,200 $27,219,100 $28,465,700 $143,268,800 $3,406,660,600 2010 $2,692,295,100 $433,349,000 $86,581,100 $26,811,900 $30,502,200 $150,651,900 $3,420,191,200 2011 $2,670,182,900 $443,774,400 $92,622,500 $25,416,300 $31,777,000 $155,023,300 $3,418,796,400 Source: Wisconsin Department of Revenue, Statement of Changes in Equalized Values by Class and Item, 1999-20032007-2011. *Includes farm sets, right-of-ways, marshes, swamps, thickets, bogs and wet meadowsswamp, waste, and other land.
The total equalized value of real estate in Calumet County increased by approximately 406.8% from 19992007 to 20032011. Residential development contributes the greatest portion of total equalized value for the county, nearly 8078% of the total for 20032011.
Agricultural Land Sales
The sale of agricultural land is tracked by the Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics Service for every county in the state. Table 8-6 details agricultural land sales trends for Calumet County.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-6 Agricultural Land Sales, Calumet County, 1999-20032006-2010 # Change % Change 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006-2010 2006-2010 Ag Land Continuing in Ag Use Number of transactions 18 11 16 11 13 -5 -27.8% Acres sold 1,401 525 920 665 654 -747 -53.3% Dollars per acre $3,459 $3,749 $4,169 $5,308 $5,111 $1,652 47.8% Ag Land being Diverted to Other Uses Number of transactions 2 - - - - NA NA Acres sold 97 - - - - NA NA Dollars per acre $14,141 - - - - NA NA Total of All Ag Land Number of transactions 20 11 16 11 13 -7 -35.0% Acres sold 1,498 525 920 665 654 -844 -56.3% Dollars per acre $4,151 $3,749 $4,169 $5,308 $5,111 $960 23.1% Source: Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics Service, 1999-20032006-2010.
For agricultural land continuing in agricultural use, the dollar amount per acre has increased by nearly 10050% from 19992006 to 20032010. The average dollar per acre was approximately $2,8445,111 in 20032010. Based on the data provided, no land transactions have been recorded since 2006 whereThis is, however, significantly less than the average per acre for agricultural land has been being diverted to other uses, which was $4,103 in 2003. The total number of transactions and amount of agricultural land sold has been decreasing in the county.
Forest Land Sales
Table 8-7 details forestland sales for Calumet County from 19982006 to 20012010.
Table 8-7 Forestland Sales, Calumet County, 1998-20012006-2010 # Change % Change 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006-2010 2006-2010 Forest Land Continuing in Forest Use Number of transactions 9 7 8 6 6 -3 -33.3% Acres sold 78 83 59 28 180 102 130.8% Dollars per acre $2,409 $3,241 $3,234 $4,554 $3,477 $1,068 44.3% Forest Land being Diverted to Other Uses Number of transactions 1 - - - - NA NA Acres sold 1 - - - - NA NA Dollars per acre $20,300 - - - - NA NA Total of All Forest Land Number of transactions 10 7 8 6 6 -4 -40.0% Acres sold 79 83 59 28 180 101 127.8%
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Dollars per acre $2,636 $3,241 $3,234 $4,554 $3,477 $841 31.9% Source: Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics Service, 1999-20022006-2010.
The total number of forestland acres being sold in the county has decreased increased by 8.9127.8% from 19982006 to 20012010. The value per acre has also decreasedincreased. In general, there are relatively few overall transactions of forestland occurring in Calumet County.
Wisconsin Realtors Association Information
The Wisconsin Realtors Association (WRA) is one of the largest trade associations in the state. Headquartered in Madison, the WRA represents over 12,00014,000 realtors statewide who are involved in virtually all aspects related to the sale, purchase, exchange or lease of real estate property in Wisconsin.
The primary purpose of the WRA is to further the quality of the real estate industry in Wisconsin by promoting the competent practice and professionalism of realtors. In addition, the association represents its membership in legislative efforts to keep housing affordable in Wisconsin and protect the private property rights of citizens throughout the state.
The WRA also provides information on property sales. Table 8-8 details information on residential property sales for Calumet County from 19992005 to 20022010.
Table 8-8 WRA Residential Sales Data, Calumet County, 1999-20022005-2010 Residential Property Types Sold 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Single Family 293 337 316 320 288 267 Condo 18 12 17 21 9 13 Waterfront 18 19 16 12 14 15 New Construction 126 75 57 54 42 40 Zero Lot Line 4 4 9 3 4 5 Farms 4 10 3 2 1 5 Total Residential Properties Sold 463 457 418 403 358 345
Total Properties With Public Water 427 398 376 356 322 311 Total Properties With Public Sewer 428 398 374 356 321 309
Average Selling Price $168,038 $174,157 $178,097 $169,712 $158,091 $165,857 Source: Realtors® Association of Northeast Wisconsin Realtors Association.
As indicated by the table, the total number of residential properties being sold in Calumet County has consistently been decliningincreasing since 20051999. The number of single family residential sales has declinedincreased by 308.8% while the number of hobby farm sales has increased by approximately 60%. The average selling price for residential property has also decreasedincreased, 10.61.3% for the period shown. These trends support Calumet County’s overall characteristic as a desirable as a place to live.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The WRA also provides information on vacant land sales for the county. This information is particularly noteworthy because it provides an indication of how much land is demanded for new construction or new development.
Table 8-9 WRA Vacant Land Sales Data, Calumet County, 1999-20022005-2010 Vacant Land Sold 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total Vacant Land Sold 30 28 31 22 16 15
Total Properties With Public Water 22 14 25 12 11 8 Total Properties with Public Sewer 20 13 25 11 11 8
Average Selling Price $62,248 $133,616 $39,962 $67,345 $94,142 $89,545 Source: Realtors® Association of Northeast Wisconsin Realtors Association.
The average selling price for vacant land in the county has increased by 22.543.9% percent from 19992005 to 20022010. This rate of increase was greater than price increases for existing residential property, providing an indication that vacant land may be more desirable and have a greater demand than developed property. The total amount of land sold has decreasedvaried for the years shown, however there is consistently a high number of lots that are sold with sewer and water facilities.
Certified Survey Maps (CSM) and Plat Reviews
The number of Certified Survey Maps (CSM) and plat reviews taking place provides another indication on the number of land transactions and the overall demand for land in Calumet County. Table 8-10 and 8-11 detail this information from 19942001 to 20032010 in the unincorporated areas of the county. The data represents the numbers of lots created only and is not an indicator of actual development or sales.
A Certified Survey Map (CSM) is defined as a survey performed according to state standards for the purpose of sub-dividing land into four or less parcels, or for the purpose of establishing property boundaries. A CSM is represented graphically by a map drawn to scale, usually reviewed and approved by a local authority and presented for recording and filing. After this instrument is recorded, the land is henceforth described by the CSM number, lot number, volume and page where recorded, and name of the county.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-10 CSM/Lots, Calumet County Towns, 1994-20032001-2010 10-Year Municipality 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Average T. Brillion 5 7 10 5 6 5 14 4 1 2 5.9 T. Brothertown 25 14 11 19 5 6 3 3 15 7 10.8 T. Charlestown 7 4 1 8 3 1 4 1 2 2 3.3 T. Chilton 18 10 9 13 8 11 8 3 9 11 10 T. Harrison 16 30 29 30 6 18 28 10 22 5 19.4 T. New Holstein 12 6 21 16 5 9 19 2 3 8 10.1 T. Rantoul 7 5 5 7 3 7 1 3 4 3 4.5 T. Stockbridge 9 18 18 22 32 10 16 9 4 18 15.6 T. Woodville 2 6 1 8 9 4 7 2 8 1 4.8 Calumet County 101 100 105 128 77 71 100 37 68 57 84.4 Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
A plat is a map of a specific land area such as a town, section, or subdivision showing the location and boundaries of individual parcels of land subdivided into lots, with streets, easements, etc., usually drawn to scale. The map is representative of a survey performed by a registered land surveyor. Plats become effective upon being recorded and filed.
Table 8-11 Plat Reviews, Calumet County Towns, 1994-20032001-2010 10-Year Municipality 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Average T. Brillion 0 10 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 T. Brothertown 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 T. Charlestown 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T. Chilton 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T. Harrison 367 205 128 66 165 100 0 0 10 0 104 T. New Holstein 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T. Rantoul 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T. Stockbridge 0 0 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 T. Woodville 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Calumet County 367 215 191 94 165 100 0 0 10 0 84 Source: Calumet County Planning Department.
As anticipated, the Town of Harrison has experienced the greatest number of CSM/lots as well as plat reviews for the years shown.
Sanitary Permits
Sanitary permits provide another source of information describing development trends in the county. Table 8-12 details sanitary permits that have been issued for towns in Calumet County
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 from 19932001 to 20032010. Note that data provided is for new systems only, not replacement systems. The majority of these new systems are for residential structures, however some may be for commercial or industrial structures.
Table 8-12 Sanitary Permits for New Systems, Calumet County Towns, 1993- 20032001-2010 10-Year 10-Year Municipality 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total Average T. Brillion 2 4 4 1 2 2 3 3 0 1 22 2.2 T. Brothertown 12 7 10 11 4 2 5 2 1 1 55 5.5 T. Charlestown 2 0 3 4 3 3 2 0 1 2 20 2.0 T. Chilton 5 12 9 7 6 10 3 6 2 3 63 6.3 T. Harrison 8 7 10 7 9 8 5 3 4 1 62 6.2 T. New Holstein 7 9 14 10 11 8 6 0 0 3 68 6.8 T. Rantoul 6 1 5 5 3 0 4 1 0 0 25 2.5 T. Stockbridge 13 12 17 18 15 11 5 5 3 2 101 10.1 T. Woodville 3 6 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 1 22 2.2 Calumet County 58 58 73 64 55 46 36 22 12 14 438 43.8 Source: Calumet County Planning Department. Data is for new sanitary systems only.
Towns experiencing the greatest demand for sanitary permits for new systems include the Town of New Holstein and the Town of Stockbridge averaging 7 and 10 permits respectively, both averaging over 10 permits per year. For Calumet County towns as a whole, in 2003 the greatest number of permits were issued with 73.
Building Permit Activity for New Home Construction
Possibly one of the best indicators for land demand and development in the county is building permits. Calumet County no longer keeps track of this data. Therefore, this data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process. Table 8-13 details building permit activity for new home construction in the county from 1993 to 2003.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-13 Building Permit Activity for New Home Construction (New Homes Added), Calumet County, 1993-2003 11-Year Municipality 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Average T. Brillion 8 10 9 8 4 22 12 11 17 13 14 11.6 T. Brothertown 8 9 9 6 7 9 3 4 9 5 14 7.5 T. Charlestown 2 7 1 4 0 1 2 1 2 0 3 2.1 T. Chilton** NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 7 13 10 2.9 T. Harrison 68 105 77 109 98 164 204 219 283 351 235 173.9 T. New Holstein 3 9 8 9 8 8 22 9 8 12 15 10.1 T. Rantoul 1 1 0 3 7 5 2 3 7 2 4 3.2 T. Stockbridge 7 9 NA 13 8 13 11 9 19 11 14 10.4 T. Woodville 4 6 1 7 4 5 6 3 5 7 1 4.5 V. Hilbert 2 3 4 4 3 1 0 0 5 4 6 2.9 V. Potter 0 0 1 3 3 1 2 1 0 1 2 1.3 V. Sherwood 11 18 20 31 46 38 53 51 74 90 70 45.6 V. Stockbridge 10 3 NA 0 9 7 5 6 5 12 6 5.7 C. Appleton*** 93 74 32 59 23 28 38 49 37 34 23 44.5 C. Brillion 7 9 8 9 0 13 15 10 7 10 13 9.2 C. Chilton 14 18 13 13 16 10 16 7 6 11 13 12.5 C. Kiel*** 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0.2 C. Menasha*** 33 NA NA 22 12 34 24 39 NA 62 102 29.8 C. New Holstein 9 13 15 13 6 1 4 10 7 9 5 8.4 **Includes shoreland and data obtained from town clerk. ***Data is for portion of community in Calumet County only. Source: Calumet County Planning Department. NA, data not available.
While data is missing for some communities, it is evident that the Town of Harrison has consistently experienced the greatest demand for new home building permits, averaging over 170 permits per year. The Village of Sherwood as well as the portion of the City of Appleton in Calumet County had the second highest demand for permits, both averaging over 40 permits per year for the 11 year period shown.
8.4 Projected Land Use Demand
Projected Land Use Demand Based on Population
The following tables estimate the total acreage that will be demanded for residential, commercial/industrial, and institutional land uses for five year increments through the year 2030 in Calumet County. These future demand estimates are entirely based on population and do not take into account market factors such as interest rates, land prices, or availability of land and do not take into account land use regulations and policies that are used to control development.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 These estimates should only be used for planning purposes in combination with other indicators of land use demand. This data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process.
Year 2005 acreage figures that are provided were obtained from existing land use calculations as indicated on Table 8-1 earlier in this chapter. Year 2010 to 2030 acreage calculations were projected by utilizing East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (ECWRPC) population projections. ECWRPC population projections estimated the greatest amount of population growth for the county when compared to other population projections.
Projected demand for residential, commercial/industrial, and institutional land use assume that the ratio of the county’s 2000 population to land area in each use will remain the same in the future. In other words, each person will require the same amount of land for each particular land use as they do today.
Table 8-14 Projected Land Use Demand (acres) Based on ECWRPC Population Projection, Calumet County, 2005-2030
Year Residential Commercial/Industrial Institutional 2005 7,372.7 1,827.2 588.2 2010 8,917.8 2,210.1 711.4 2015 9,479.1 2,349.2 756.2 2020 10,060.8 2,493.4 802.6 2025 10,599.6 2,626.9 845.6 2030 11,094.4 2,749.5 885.1 Source: Year 2005 acreages are existing land use acreages as provided by the Calumet County Planning Department. Years 2010 through 2030 prepared by Foth utilizing ECWRPC population projections.
While Table 8-14 utilized ECWRPC population projections, Table 8-15 utilizes a linear population projection. The linear population projection that was created for the county was the lowest of the three population projections created. Therefore, land use demand for residential, commercial/industrial, and institutional land in the county should fall somewhere between Table 8-14 and Table 8-15, assuming demand is only based on population.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-15 Projected Land Use Demand (acres) Based on Linear Population Projection, Calumet County, 2005-2030
Year Residential Commercial/Industrial Institutional 2005 7,372.7 1,827.2 588.2 2010 7,979.5 1,977.6 636.6 2015 8,365.1 2,073.1 667.3 2020 8,750.7 2,168.7 698.1 2025 9,136.3 2,264.3 728.8 2030 9,522.1 2,359.9 759.6 Source: Year 2005 acreages are existing land use acreages as provided by the Calumet County Planning Department. Years 2010 through 2030 prepared by Foth utilizing linear population projections.
As indicated by Tables 8-14 and 8-15, the amount of residential land required in Calumet County by 2030 to meet population demand could range from 9,500 acres to approximately 12,000 acres. Commercial land required by 2030 could range from a low of 2,400 acres to a high of 2,750 acres and institutional demand could range from a low of 760 acres to a high of 890 acres. These figures were used as an initial guide for the development of future land use maps during the planning process.
Projected Land Use Demand Based on Building Permits
In addition to projecting land use demand based on population, a methodology was developed to project residential land use demand based on historic building permit information. Utilizing building permit information for communities in Calumet County between 1994 and 2003for the last 11 years, the county averages approximately 386 new residential structures per year. Wisconsin Realtors Association (WRA) data provided for Calumet County shows that approximately 80% of vacant land sold in the county is served by sewer while the remaining 20% are not served. Using these two sources of data, building permits and WRA data, a projection of residential land use demand was created which assumed that sewered lots are 0.5 acres in size and unsewered lots are 1.5 acres in size. These lot size assumptions were used based on the uncertainty of lot locations in the county and what regulations will be in place. They are provided only to allow creation of land use projection estimates. Table 8-16 represents the residential land use that will be required in the county based on historic building permit activity and the assumptions noted above. This data was not updated as part of the 2012 amendment process.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Table 8-16 Projected Residential Land Use Demand (acres) Based on Historic Building Permit Data, Calumet County, 2005-2030
Year Residential Acreage 2004 7,373 2005 7,643 2010 8,994 2015 10,345 2020 11,696 2025 13,047 2030 14,398 Source: Prepared by Foth utilizing building permit and land use data provided by the Calumet County Planning Department. Wisconsin Realtors Association.
The residential acreage projected for Calumet County utilizing the methodology described above is significantly higher than the acreages projected utilizing population, as shown in previous tables. As noted throughout this report, Calumet County is projected to be one of the fastest growing areas of the state with regard to population and residential building permits have also reflected this growth. Overall, Calumet County will continue to deal with significant demand for residential and other land uses over the next 25 years.
All of the land use demand projections provided should be used as a tool to discuss future land use, existing management, regulations, and future policies. All projections utilize some assumptions and should be used only for planning purposes.
8.5 Land Use Programs
To alleviate information redundancy in this report, the land use programs, agencies, and activities that are currently in use or available for use in Calumet County are either addressed in another element or are discussed in the Implementation Chapter.
8.6 Land Use Trends and Outlook
Changes in land use are not isolated. They are related to changes in population, housing, transportation, community services, agriculture, natural resources, and economic development. The following land use trends are anticipated within Calumet County over the next 20 to 25 years.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Housing, Population, and Land Use
Over the last 30 years, Calumet County’s population grew over twice as fast as that of the State of Wisconsin. Calumet County is forecasted to continue that growth trend over the next 30 years.
The number of persons per household will continue to decrease requiring more housing units and more land to accommodate the county’s growing population.
The number of housing units in Calumet County will continue to grow at rates over double that of the State Wisconsin as a whole.
The Wisconsin Department of Administration forecasts over 7,00010,000 new households will be added in Calumet County between 2000 and 20252030.
The East-Central Regional Planning Commission forecasts between 7,796 and 9,879 new households will be added in Calumet County between 2000 and 2030.
Assuming the level of new residential home construction continues at levels experienced over the last 10 years, Calumet County could see an additional 11,717 new homes between 2000 and 2030.
The county’s shoreland areas, woodlands, and highland areas will be desired as residential and seasonal use building sites and subdivisions.
The county’s land use policies will play a significant role in the location and density of new development.
Transportation and Land Use
Major highway intersections will continue to be targeted for commercial and industrial development.
US 10 access management will significantly impact land use development.
The regional highway system will offer efficient access to regional employment and recreation opportunities which will support growth and development trends.
The use of STH 32/57 (north - south) and US 10 (east - west) for local traffic and as major statewide connectors will continue to lead to higher traffic volumes.
Lower density development in rural areas will lead to increased costs of maintaining and developing transportation facilities.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Community Services and Land Use
County and local government administration of land use regulations will increase in response to a growing population and the need to provide this service at a lower cost and higher level of efficiency.
Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Land Use
The sale of forested, open, and agricultural lands for conversion to more intensive uses will continue.
Agriculture will maintain a strong presence in Calumet County. There will likely be a decreasing number of total farms, but increasing numbers of large farms.
Productive land uses like forestry and forage cropping will increase in order to take advantage of property tax breaks.
Cash cropping and specialty farming will increase.
Nonmetallic mine sites will continue to be developed to meet demands for sand, gravel, and other resources.
Water quality management and development coordination will become more prevalent, potentially impacting location and density of development.
Economic Development and Land Use
The types of businesses and industry attracted to the county will continue to be a mix of manufacturing, professional, and agriculturally based uses.
Residential and highway corridor development will continue in order to accommodate those who commute to employment centers in Outagamie, Winnebago, and Brown, and Manitowoc Counties.
The New Holstein Airport and its ability to provide aviation services to meet growing demand will be critical for Calumet County’s future economic development strategy.
Calumet County railroads will continue to be integral to some businesses and industries in the county.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 8-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 9. Implementation
The comprehensive planning process can be generally defined in four phases. The planning process starts with the decision to plan. Deciding to address how we as a community are going manage change can not be overstated in importance. Much time and discussion focused on this issue as discussed in the Issues and Opportunities chapter. The second phase of the planning process is defined by our existing conditions. The existing conditions are built on current market and regulatory forces that impact our communities, as well as from historical introspection, the combination of which allows clarity in evaluating the results of past development and growth. Planning leverages the power of history through extensive evaluation of data and analysis of the conditions that have shaped our communities, most of which are accumulated in this report.
The inventory process also exposes certain trends Planning and Implementation that will impact future growth. The assessment of trends and the knowledge gained from our own Just as the comprehensive plan does not experiences, or from others, allows an evaluation work independently of other community to how we position our future decisions. This is documents, the implementation element accomplished through goal setting, visioning, and does not work independently of the through extensive public participation. The other elements in the plan. In fact, the community members voice their concerns and implementation element is one of the articulate their hopes. Through identification and best ways to demonstrate the integration subsequent prioritization of these concerns, the of all the elements. Through third phase of planning builds the community implementation, the connectivity among strategies that ultimately address how growth community issues and opportunities, should be managed. Building viable growth housing, transportation, utilities and management strategies and how they will be community facilities, agricultural, applied depends on a solid foundation of natural, and cultural resources, understanding provided by the existing conditions economic development, and trends and by leveraging the public opinion. intergovernmental cooperation, and land Implementation, the fourth and final phase of the use is realized. Decisions should be planning process, provides the bridge between made based on the knowledge that one what we want (the plan) and how we are going to decision can affect all the elements achieve it. involved and there are direct and indirect effects of all actions. This implementation element includes a compilation of existing county and local ordinances and codes which regulate land use. The following regulations determine how Calumet County communities currently manage growth.
9.1 Existing County Ordinances, Codes, and Plans
Calumet County Zoning Ordinance
The Calumet County Zoning Ordinance was originally adopted by the Calumet County Board of Supervisors in 1976, and was last revised in 2001 and comprehensively revised in 2009. Amendments have also been made since 20012009.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-1 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The County Zoning Ordinance regulations apply to those unincorporated communities having adopted county zoning (Brillion, Charlestown, New Holstein, Woodville) and within the shoreland areas of the others (Brothertown, Chilton, Harrison, Rantoul, Stockbridge) most of the unincorporated areas of the county in respect to the minimum standards applied in each zoning district. The minimum standards affect land use by generally regulating or establishing standards and procedures for development by specific land use.
The county zoning ordinance contains the following districts: Zoning Regulations Apply to:
The type of use allowed by Exclusive Agricultural (A-1)Wetland (W) permitted, conditional and Transitional Agricultural (A-2)Exclusive Agricultural Wetland (EAW) nonconforming uses per district The location of specific uses such as General Agricultural (A-3)Natural Area (NA) commercial areas or residential areas by designation of areas on the Residential District (R-1)Exclusive Agricultural (EA) zoning map The requirements for minimum lot Residential District (R-2)General Agricultural (GA) sizes, widths, setbacks The standards for building height, Multiple Family Residential District (R- 3)Heartland (HL) development density, site plans, impervious surface and Residential Planned Development District (R-4)Small Estate Residential (SE) administrative procedures Recreational (REC)Single Family Residential-20,000 (SF20) Local & Neighborhood Commercial (C-1)Single Family Residential-10,000 (SF10) Community and Area Wide Commercial (C-2)High Density Residential (HD) Commercial/Light Industrial (C-3)Mixed Use Commercial (MC) Industrial District (I)Recreational Commercial (RC) Conservancy District (CON)Commercial Center (CC) Town of Harrison Overlay District (HOD)Light Industrial (LI) Shoreland Area Zoning Industrial (I) Regulations Apply Within: All unincorporated areas are regulated by the Calumet County Shoreland Ordinance as One thousand (1,000) feet of the discussed later in this section. However, not all ordinary high-water mark of towns are under County Zoning for lands outside navigable lakes, ponds or flowages. of the shoreland zone. Three hundred (300) feet of the ordinary high-water mark of To allow an understanding of the relationship that navigable rivers or streams, or to the land use has with zoning regulations, the landward side of the floodplain, following details are provided from each Calumet whichever distance is greater. County zoning district. The information provided only covers the purpose and intent of the zoning district and some of the other most applicable information such as lot size standards to allow the
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-2 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 reader to understand the intent of the zoning district and the implication of having lands designated as such. Therefore, the information provided in the following section(s) is not a complete representation of all regulations. In addition, where existing ordinance language references other sections of the zoning code, those references were maintained to allow further review as necessary. Please refer to the Calumet County Zoning Ordinance for a complete listing.
The box below indicates the definitions of the various footnotes (*) that accompany some of the permitted and conditional uses mentioned in this chapter.
*Footnotes:
1. Such use shall not entail on-site retail sales. 2. Establishments with drive-through facilities shall be permitted only as provided in Sec. 82-114, Site Plan Review. 3. Restricted to businesses solely associated with farm products or to provide a farm service. 4. Such use shall be incorporated into a larger development and the floor area dedicated to the retail use shall not exceed 30% of the total floor area of the buildings which serve the development’s clientele. 5. Restricted to fruit processing plants only. Vegetable and cheese processing shall not be allowed. 6. Establishments where the total floor area of all buildings which serve a retail use on the lot exceeds 20,000 square feet shall only be permitted as conditional uses. 7. Multiple Occupancy Developments, or expansions thereof, where the total number of occupancy units exceeds 22 units shall only be permitted as conditional uses. 8. Such use shall be restricted to buildings or structures lawfully in existence at the effective date of this chapter only and shall not be permitted in any building erected after the effective date of this chapter. 9. Must comply with s. 91.01(1)(d), Wis. Stats. 10. Must comply with s. 91.46(4), Wis. Stats. 11. Must comply with s. 91.46(5), Wis. Stats. 12. Must comply with s. 91.46(6), Wis. Stats. 13. Must comply with s. 91.46(2), Wis. Stats. 14. Must comply with s. 91.46(3), Wis. Stats.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-3 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Exclusive Agricultural (A-1)
Intent: The purposes of the Exclusive Agricultural District are to: (1) preserve agricultural land for food and fiber production; (2) protect existing farms from encroachment by conflicting, non-agricultural land uses; (3) maintain a viable agricultural base to support agricultural processing and service industries; (4) prevent conflicts between incompatible uses; (5) reduce costs of providing services to scattered non-farm uses; (6) properly time and shape non-farm growth; (7) implement the objectives of the County Farmland Preservation Plan, as adopted by the Calumet County Board of Supervisors; and (8) comply
This district is generally intended to include:
The entire acreage of all existing parcels of 35 or more acres in size which are (1) comprised of over 50% of total acreage in Soil Conservation Service Soil Capability Classes I-III (inclusive), and (2) which are currently being used predominantly for one or more of the uses "permitted" under Section 7.012; or "conditional" under Section 7.013.
Except that, any portions of such parcels which are: (1) currently being used for any purposes other than those listed as "Permitted" or "Conditional" under Sec. 7.012 or (2) which are located either entirely or partially within any of the "Growth Service Areas" delineated in the Growth Management Policy of the Calumet County Land Subdivision Regulations, shall not be included within the Exclusive Agricultural District:
Providing that no such resulting Exclusive Agricultural Districts shall be less than one hundred (100) contiguous acres in size; and that individual, fractional parcels of less than 35 acres shall not be included, unless they are part of a larger farm in the county which meets all the requirements and 75% of the parcel is cropped and pastured and on prime agricultural soils.
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-5 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 9-1 Zoning and Land Use Regulations
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Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-7 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Permitted Uses in A-1: Permitted Uses within the A-1 district include Primary Agricultural Uses (as defined under S. 91.01(1) Wisconsin Statutes) and under the general farming definition of the zoning code:
1. Beekeeping 14. Raising of fruits, nuts and berries 2. Animal feeding operation (commercial 15. Sod farming feed lot) of less than 250 animal units 16. Vegetable farming 3. Dairying 17. One primary farm residence 4. Egg production 18. Up to two (2) additional, single-family 5. Floriculture residences occupied by the farm owner or 6. Fish hatcheries operator or the parents or children of the 7. Forest and game management owner or operator; and, of which at least 8. Grazing one of the two must be sited on a 9. Livestock raising recorded lot. Farm dwellings and other 10. Orchards related structures existing prior to the 11. Plant greenhouses and nurseries. Plant effective date of this amendment, which greenhouses involving no sales except for is remaining after a farm consolidation those products grown on the premises. may be separated from the farm lot. Nurseries involving just the growing of 19. Public recreational trails, except products with no sales on premises. motorcycle trails. 12. Poultry raising 13. Raising of grain, grass, mint and seed crops Wetland (W)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to prevent the destruction and depletion of Calumet County’s wetlands; protect watercourses and navigable waters and the public rights therein; to maintain the purity of water and lakes and streams and to prevent pollution thereof; and to protect spawning grounds, fish, and habitat for wild flora and fauna. Furthermore, this district is intended to prevent the changing of the natural character of wetlands.The purposes of the Exclusive Agricultural District are to: (1) preserve agricultural land for food and fiber production; (2) protect existing farms from encroachment by conflicting, non-agricultural land uses; (3) maintain a viable agricultural base to support agricultural processing and service industries; (4) prevent conflicts between incompatible uses; (5) reduce costs of providing services to scattered non-farm uses; (6) properly time and shape non-farm growth; (7) implement the objectives of the County Farmland Preservation Plan, as adopted by the Calumet County Board of Supervisors; and (8) comply with Wisconsin's Farmland Preservation Law, to permit eligible landowners to qualify for tax credits under S.71.09(11).
Exclusive Agricultural Wetland (EAW)
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-8 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to prevent the destruction and depletion of Calumet County’s wetlands; protect watercourses and navigable waters and the public rights therein; to maintain the purity of water and lakes and streams and to prevent pollution thereof; and to protect spawning grounds, fish, and habitat for wild flora and fauna. Furthermore, this district is intended to prevent the changing of the natural character of wetlands. This district is also intended to identify those wetlands shown on the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Wisconsin Wetland Inventory Maps which are in excess of two acres in size and where the DNR Wetland Inventory Map boundaries overlay lands within the Exclusive Agricultural (EA) zoning district, resulting in those wetland lands being eligible for tax credits through Wisconsin’s Farmland Preservation Program. Uses shall be restricted only to those uses allowed in the Wetland (W) district.The purposes of the A-2 District are to: (1) provide for the orderly transition of agricultural land to other uses in areas planned for eventual non-agricultural expansion; and (2) defer non-agricultural development until the appropriate local governmental bodies determine that adequate public services and facilities can be provided at a reasonable cost; (3) ensure that non-agricultural development is compatible with local land use plans and policies; (4) provide periodic review to determine whether all or part of the lands should be transferred to another zoning district. Such review shall occur: (a) a minimum of every five years; (b) upon revision of a county agricultural preservation plan or municipal land use plan which affects lands in the district; or (c) upon extension of public services such as sewer and water, necessary to serve non-agricultural development.
Permitted Accessory Uses
1. Accessory uses, customarily incidental to the single-family residences permitted above, such as those listed in the Residential District. 2. One (1) roadside stand per farm, used solely for sale of products produced on the premises. 3. Accessory uses clearly related but incidental to the primary farm operation such as, but not limited to, seed sales, grain drying, fertilizer sales, and minor repair of farm equipment. Any accessory use in this category must be clearly interpreted by the County Code Administrator as being "subordinate to and customarily incidental to" a pre-existing, permitted principal use on the same premises.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-9 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Transitional Agricultural (A-2)
Theis W and EAW districts is generally intended to include:
Uses which do not require the issuance of a zoning permit, which must be carried out without any filling, draining, flooding, dredging, ditching, tiling or excavating: Hiking, fishing, trapping, hunting, swimming and boating. In the EAW district such uses are only allowed as a private, non-commercial use. The harvesting of wild crops such as marsh hay, ferns, moss, wild rice, berries, tree fruits, and tree seeds in the manner that is not injurious to the natural reproduction of such crops. The pasturing of livestock. The cultivation of the agricultural crops. The practice of silviculture, including the planting, thinning and harvesting of timber, subject to the requirements of Sec. 82-80, Woodlands. The construction or maintenance of duck blinds and deer stands.
Uses which do not require the issuance of a zoning permit and which may include limited filling, flooding, draining, dredging, ditching, tiling, or excavating, but only to the extent specifically provided below: Temporary water and stabilization measures necessary to alleviate abnormally wet or dry conditions that would have an adverse impact on silvicultural activities if not corrected. The cultivation of cranberries including flooding, dike and dam construction, or ditching necessary for the growing and harvesting of cranberries. The maintenance and repair of existing agricultural drainage systems where permissible by s. 30.20, Wis. Stats., including ditching, tiling, dredging, excavating, and filling necessary to maintain the level of drainage required to continue the existing agricultural use. This includes the minimum filling necessary for disposal of dredge spoil adjacent to the drainage system, provided that the filling is permissible by Ch. 30, Wis. Stats., and that the dredge spoil is placed on existing spoil banks where possible. The construction or maintenance of fences for pasturing livestock, including limited excavating and filling necessary for such construction or maintenance. The construction or maintenance of piers, docks or walkways built on pilings, including limited excavating and filling necessary for such construction and maintenance. The maintenance, repair, replacement, or reconstruction of existing town and County highways and bridges, including limited excavating and filling necessary for such maintenance, repair, replacement, or reconstruction.
Uses which require the issuance of a regular zoning permit and which may include limited filling, flooding, draining, dredging, ditching, tiling, or excavating, but only to the extent specifically provided below: Roads. The construction and maintenance of roads, which are necessary to conduct silvicultural activities or agricultural cultivation, subject to the following conditions:
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-10 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The road cannot, as a practical manner, be located outside the wetland. The road is designed and constructed to minimize adverse impact upon the natural functions of the wetland. The road is designed and constructed with the minimum cross section to serve the intended use. Road construction activities are carried out in the immediate areas of the roadbed only. Roads in the EAW district must meet the requirements of s. 91.46(4), Wis. Stats.
Buildings. The construction and maintenance of non-residential buildings, subject to the following conditions: The building is essential for and is used solely in conjunction with the raising of waterfowl, minnows, or other wetland or aquatic animals or some use permitted in the Wetland district. The building cannot, as a practical matter, be located outside the wetland. Such building is not designed for human habitation and does not exceed 500 square feet in floor area. Only limited filling or excavating necessary to provide structural support for the building shall be allowed. Buildings in the EAW district are permitted uses if they meet the requirements of s. 91.44, Wis. Stats., or, permitted as conditional uses if they meet the requirements of s. 91.46, Wis. Stats.
Recreational and Misc. Uses. The establishment of public and private parks and recreation areas, natural and outdoor education areas, historic and scientific areas, wildlife refuges, game preserves and private wildlife habitat areas, and public boat launching ramps and attendant access routes, subject to the following: Any private wildlife habitat areas shall be used exclusively for that purpose. Filling or excavating necessary for the construction and maintenance of public boat launching ramps or attendant access roads is allowed only where such construction or maintenance meets the criteria in, Roads. Ditching, excavating, dredging, or dike and dam construction in public and private parks and recreation areas, natural and outdoor education areas, historic and scientific areas, wildlife refuges, and game preserves and private wildlife habitat and to otherwise enhance wetland values. In the EAW, such uses are only allowed provided they also meet the requirements of s. 91.46(5), Wis. Stats.
Utilities. The construction or maintenance of electric, gas, telephone, water and sewer transmission distribution facilities by public utilities and cooperative associations organized for the purpose of producing or furnishing such services to their members and the construction or maintenance of railroad lines subject to the following standards: The transmission and distribution facilities of railroad lines cannot, as a practical matter, be located outside the wetland. Such construction or maintenance is done in a manner designed to minimize adverse impacts upon the natural function of the wetland.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-11 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 In the EAW district, such uses are only allowed provided they meet the requirements of s. 91.46, Wis. Stats. The entire acreage of all existing parcels of 35 or more acres in size, which are: 1. Comprised of over 50% of total acreage in Soil Conservation Service Soil Capability Classes I-III (inclusive), 2. Currently being used predominantly for one or more of the uses listed in Section 7.012, or conditional uses listed in Sec. 7.013. 3. At least partially located within any of the "Growth Service Areas" delineated in the Growth Management Policy of the Calumet County Land Subdivision Regulations; or shown as "Transitional Areas" in the Calumet County Farmland Preservation Plan.
Providing that no such resulting Transitional Agricultural Districts shall be less than thirty- five (35) contiguous acres in size and that individual, fractional parcels of less than 35 acres shall not be included, unless they are part of a larger farm in the county which does meet all of the requirements and 75% of the parcel is cropped and pastured and on prime agricultural soils.
Agricultural (A)Natural Area
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to conserve the existing, mostly undeveloped natural areas of Calumet County. This district may be used in upland areas adjacent to, or surrounded by wetland areas, or in other areas where natural features are considered significant. To conserve these areas, commercial and industrial uses are disallowed, but general agricultural, passive recreational, and some institutional uses are permitted. This district may also include wetland areas. All wetland areas in this district which lie in a shoreland area are subject to the use restriction identified in, Uses Pertaining to the Wetland District. This agricultural district provides for the continuation of general agriculture and related uses in those areas suited to farming. The intent is to conserve areas with adequate soil types, drainage and topography for farming and to regulate residential, commercial and industrial development in such areas.
Minimum Lot Size: 1 acre
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-12 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Special AccessoryPermitted Uses in NA: These uses are permitted by right, provided all requirements of the zoning chapter are met:Any of the following uses are permitted as accessory uses, if in full compliance with the following special provisions: Any of the following uses are permitted as accessory uses, if in full compliance with the following special provisions:
1. General agriculture.Small engine repair and welding activities in conjunction with the pre-existing agricultural use. 2. Private stables and paddocks.Farm implement repair activities in conjunction with the pre-existing agricultural use. 3. Tree/shrub nurseries*1.Contractor's storage activities. 4. Cemeteries.Such proposed Special Accessory Use must be clearly interpreted, by an authorized county employee, as being "subordinate to and customarily incidental to" a pre-existing, permitted, principal use on the same premises, and 5. Churches.Compliance with all other general provisions of Section 6.02 of this ordinance, except no such structures shall exceed twenty (20) feet in height. 6. Camping. 7. Parks and recreational trails. 8. Private riding stables. 9. Utility facilities – Type A.
Conditional Uses in NA: These uses are not permitted by right; rather, their allowance is subject to the discretionary judgment of the Planning, Zoning and Farmland Preservation Committee. a Trailer camps, campgrounds and m. Veterinary Clinics manufactured home parks n. Commercial animal kennels and/or b. Fur farms and the processing of breeding activities structure. agricultural products such as but not c. One structure permitted limited to by specific enumeration, d. No commercial activity allowed to be canning, dairy processing, livestock conducted. butcheries, livestock sales facilities or e. Size and height of structure must be grain milling. reviewed to determine compatibility. c. Junk or salvage yards f. Existing structure(s) that are not accessory d. Solid waste disposal sites including g. Must comply with b, d, and e as listed concrete, stone and other demolition above. materials from building or construction h. Contractor's storage structures, provided: projects. i. Use limited to one permanent building not e. Quarrying and mineral extraction or to exceed 2,400 square feet. placement and deposition of such j. Usage of building be limited to storage materials. purposes only - sales or other commercial f. Saw mills activity not permitted. g. Golf courses - Type A k. All equipment and supplies to be housed h. Golf Driving Ranges within enclosed building. i. Recreational Complex l. Such proposed building is permitted only
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-13 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 j. Private aircraft landing fields and facilities as an accessory building (meaning that the k. Sales and servicing facilities for principle structure must precede said agricultural related machinery or accessory building). equipment. m. No such structure shall exceed eighteen l. Wastewater and/or sewage treatment (18) feet in total height. facilities (except for individual, on-site n. Facilities for centralized collection and sewage disposal facilities such as septic bulk storage of agricultural products. tank-filter field, holding tanks, or alternate o. The storage and sale of feed, fertilizer and sewage disposal systems.) other products essential to agricultural production, if not considered an accessory p. Ammunition manufacturing and wholesale use under 7.012 (b)(3) of this ordinance. distribution v. Day Care Center q. Sportsmen's clubs and related activities to w Bed and Breakfast include, but not limited to; rifle ranges, x. Telecommunication Facilities field shooting and the authorized raising of small game. r. The temporary storage and mixing of cement, asphalt, or road oils s. Mini-warehousing and nonagricultural related storage facilities. t. New construction u. Use must be interpreted by Planning Department staff as being accessory to the pre-existing permitted, principle use on the same premises. v. All material, equipment must be housed within an enclosed area. 1. Greenhouses*1. 2. Commercial stables and paddocks. 3. Bed and breakfast establishments*8. 4. Commercial fishing facilities. 5. Personal transport vendors. 6. Wineries/micro breweries. 7. Sawmills/planing mills. 8. Private schools. 9. Travelers’ information centers. 10. Campgrounds/trailer camps. 11. Commercial riding stables. 12. Gun clubs/shooting ranges. 13. Institutional recreation camps. 14. Retreat centers. 15. Ski resorts. 16. Farm related residences. 17. Single-family residences/lots separate from farm parcels.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-14 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Residential District (R-1)Exclusive Agricultural (EA)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to protect the agricultural industry from scattered non-agricultural development that may displace agricultural uses and is, therefore, not intended to accommodate future non-agricultural growth. Although some residential development is allowed, it is limited in density and location so as to not be incompatible with the agricultural operations and uses of the EA district. This district is intended to help implement recommendations of the Calumet County Farmland Preservation Plan, as specified in Ch. 91, Wis. Stats., and thereby establishing eligibility for tax credits for farm owners as provided in Ch. 71, Wis. Stats. It is further intended this district apply to lands identified as farmland preservation areas in the Calumet County Farmland Preservation Plan, and, include productive farm operations; those operations which have historically exhibited crop yields, or capable of such yields; have demonstrated productivity for dairying, livestock raising, and grazing; have been used for production of specialty crops such as tree and plant materials, fruits and vegetables; or have been integral parts of such farm operations. Uses in this district shall only be established if in full compliance with Ch. 91, Wis. Stats. To provide for high quality year-round residential development in and around the existing villages and communities in order to make it more reasonable to provide these developments with the necessary municipal services, such as sewer and water facilities and fire protection. The criteria of this district is designed to provide reliable single- family home sites in those developing areas which offer a "suburban" arrangement of amenities, services, facilities, etc.
Minimum Lot Size: Residential Development = 1 acre All Other Development = 35 acres12,500 square feet if served by sewer, 20,000 square feet if not served by sewer
Permitted uses in the EAR-1 district include:
1. General agriculture. 2. Greenhouses*9. 3. Exclusive agriculture. 4. Roadside stands. 5. Private stables and paddocks. 6. Tree/shrub nurseries. 7. Family day care homes*9. 8. Home occupations*8,9. 9. Community living arrangements as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-15 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 10. Private riding stables. 11. Farm related residences. 12. Single family residences/lots separate from farm parcels*13.
1. 2. One family dwellings Public park and recreation areas, churches, schools, historic sites Horticulture and gardening but not including commercial greenhouses. Telephone, telegraph and power transmission poles and lines, including transformers, equipment housings and other necessary appurtenant equipment and structures provided there is no service garage or storage yard. Home occupations Crop farming Public swimming pools
Conditional Uses in EA: These uses are not permitted by right; rather, their allowance is subject to the discretionary judgment of the Planning, Zoning and Farmland Preservation Committee.
1. Farm markets*9. 2. Commercial stables and paddocks*9. 3. Bed and breakfast establishments*8,9. 4. Boardinghouses*9. 5. Commercial trucking establishments*3,9. 6. Farm implement sales/service. 7. Fertilizer distribution plants. 8. Home businesses*3,8,9. 9. Trade or contractor establishments*3,9. 10. Veterinarian clinics*3,9. 11. Bulk storage of fuel products*3,9. 12. Fruit/vegetable/cheese processing plants*3,9. 13. Manufacturing, assembly, processing*3,9. 14. Nonmetallic mining*12. 15. Sawmills/planning mills*3. 16. Slaughterhouses*3. 17. Temporary asphalt/concrete plants*11. 18. Churches*11. 19. Community living arrangements as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 20. Private schools*8,9. 21. Public schools*8,11. 22. Public highway garages*11. 23. Town halls/community centers*11. 24. Commercial riding stables*9. 25. Parks and recreational trails*11. 26. Single family residences/lots separate from farm parcels*14. 27. Airports and landing fields, governmental*11.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-16 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 28. Utility facilities – Type A*10. 29. Utility facilities – Type B*10. 30. Commercial communication towers, antennas, transmitters>75’ but <200’*10. 31. Communication towers, antennas, transmitters>200’*10. 32. Temporary MET towers*10. 33. Permanent MET towers*10. 34. Commercial wind energy facilities/other commercial renewable energy facilities*10.
General Agricultural (GA)
Purpose and Intent. This district is intended to maintain agricultural lands, which have historically demonstrated high agricultural productivity. It is also intended to accommodate certain non-agricultural uses, which require spacious areas to operate where natural resource exploitation occurs. Lands eligible for designation in this district shall generally include those designated as farmland preservation areas in the Calumet County Farmland Preservation Plan. This district is also intended to provide farmland owners with additional management options by allowing limited residential development, or with residential density limits and other requirements set so as to maintain the rural characteristics of this district.
Minimum Lot Size: Residential Development = 1 acre All Other Development = 20 acres
Permitted uses in the GA district include:
1. Farm markets (subject to site plan review procedures). 2. General agriculture. 3. Greenhouses. 4. Exclusive agriculture. 5. Roadside stands. 6. Private stables and paddocks. 7. Commercial stables and paddocks (subject to site plan review procedures). 8. Tree/shrub nurseries. 9. Bed and breakfast establishments*8. 10. Boardinghouses. 11. Commercial fishing facilities. 12. Family day care homes. 13. Farm implement sales/service (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Home occupations. 15. Kennels (subject to site plan review procedures). 16. Lumber/building supply (subject to site plan review procedures). 17. Veterinarian clinics (subject to site plan review procedures). 18. Wineries/micro breweries (subject to site plan review procedures). 19. Temporary asphalt/concrete plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Cemeteries. 21. Churches.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-17 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 22. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 23. Fire/police stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 24. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 25. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 26. Public highway garages (subject to site plan review procedures). 27. Town halls/community centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 28. Camping. 29. Commercial riding stables (subject to site plan review procedures). 30. Golf courses (subject to site plan review procedures). 31. Parks and recreational trails 32. Private riding stables. 33. Public boat launching facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 34. Farm related residences. 35. Single family residences. 36. Single family residences/lots separate from farm parcels. 37. Temporary manufactured homes. 38. Airstrips and landing fields, governmental (subject to site plan review procedures). 39. Airstrips and landing fields, private. 40. Utility facilities – Type A. 41. Commercial communication towers, antennas, transmitters>75’ but <200’ (subject to site plan review procedures). 42. Noncommercial communication towers, antennas, transmitter<200’. 43. Communication towers, antennas, transmitters>200’ (subject to site plan review procedures). 44. Temporary MET towers. 45. Permanent MET towers.
Conditional Uses in GA: These uses are not permitted by right; rather, their allowance is subject to the discretionary judgment of the Planning, Zoning and Farmland Preservation Committee.
1. Art galleries. 2. Commercial trucking establishments*3. 3. Commercial storage facilities*3. 4. Fertilizer distribution plants. 5. Home businesses*8 6. Animal shelters/pounds. 7. Taxi and limousine service. 8. Trade or contractor establishments. 9. Ammunition manufacturing and wholesale distribution.. 10. Asphalt/concrete plants. 11. Bulk storage of fuel products*3. 12. Fruit/vegetable/cheese processing plants*3. 13. Manufacturing, assembly, processing*3. 14. Nonmetallic mining. 15. Resource recovery facilities.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-18 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 16. Salvage yards. 17. Sawmills/planning mills*3. 18. Sewage disposal/treatment plants. 19. Slaughterhouses*3. 20. Solid waste facilities. 21. Wholesale establishments/distributors*3. 22. Campgrounds/trailer camps. 23. Gun clubs/shooting ranges. 24. Institutional recreation camps. 25. Retreat centers. 26. Airports. 27. Airports and landing fields, commercial. 28. Utility facilities – Type B. 29. Commercial wind energy facilities/other commercial renewable energy facilities.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-19 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Residential District (R-2)Heartland (HL)
Purpose and Intent: This district is primarily intended for mostly rural areas of Calumet County where agricultural activity has been declining or is threatened, but where a mixture of rural residential and agricultural activity is desirable or existing. The district primarily provides for residential development at modest densities consistent with the generally rural environment and also provides for certain non-residential uses that require relatively large land areas and/or which are compatible with surrounding residential uses. This district secondarily provides for continued agricultural uses of land. Lands eligible for designation in this district shall generally include those designated as farmland preservation areas in the Calumet County Farmland Preservation Plan. To provide a lot size and associated standards for a home site which will accommodate the use of a duplex housing type. Since the two-family dwelling produces a divergent occupancy pattern from that of the traditional single-family dwelling, duplex zoning when desired should be applied on a district basis. This zoning should be applied adjacent to but not within the character of the single-family neighborhood in which it is to be located.
Minimum Lot Size: Manufactured Home Park = 5 acres Planned Residential Development = varies Residential Development = 1 acre All Other Development = 10 acres 15,000 square feet if served by sewer, 30,000 square feet if not served by sewer
Permitted uses in the R-2HL district include:
1. General agriculture.Two-family Dwelling 2. Greenhouses. 3. Roadside stands. 4. Private stables and paddocks.New farm buildings on any existing farm, provided that buildings in which farm animals are kept shall be at least 100 feet from the nearest existing residence on a nonfarm lot. New farm buildings housing animals, barnyards or feed lots shall be at least 100 feet from any lakes, ponds, or continuous streams as defined by United States Geological Survey (USGS) Quadrangle maps.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-20 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 5. Tree/shrub nurseries.All permitted uses of the R-1 District 6. Bed and breakfast establishments*8. 7. Boardinghouses. 8. Family day care homes. 9. Farm implement sales/service (subject to site plan review procedures). 10. Home occupations. 11. Kennels (subject to site plan review procedures). 12. Lumber/building supply yards (subject to site plan review procedures). 13. Veterinarian clinics (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Wineries/micro breweries (subject to site plan review procedures). 15. Temporary asphalt/concrete plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 16. Cemeteries. 17. Churches. 18. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 19. Fire/police station (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 21. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 22. Public highway garages (subject to site plan review procedures). . 23. Town halls/community centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 24. Camping. 25. Commercial riding stables (subject to site plan review procedures). 26. Golf courses (subject to site plan review procedures). 27. Parks and recreational trails. 28. Private riding stables. 29. Public boat launching facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 30. Duplexes (subject to site plan review procedures). 31. Farm related residences. 32. Manufactured homes. 33. Single-family residences. 34. Single-family residences/lots separate from farm parcels. 35. Temporary manufactured homes. 36. Airstrips and landing fields, governmental (subject to site plan review procedures). 37. Airstrips and landing fields, private (subject to site plan review procedures). 38. Utility facilities – Type A. 39. Noncommercial communication towers, antennas, transmitter<200’ (subject to site plan review procedures). 40. Temporary MET towers. 41. Permanent MET towers (subject to site plan review procedures).
Multiple Family Residential District (R-3)Small Estate Residential (SE)
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-21 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to provide for single-family residential and planned residential development on smaller lots at a slightly higher density than the Heartland district. The district is intended for residential areas where high density is inappropriate or undesirable and for transitional areas that are beginning to convert from undeveloped land to residential uses. To provide residential development which provides rental housing to be built within the economics of scale while retaining a relatively low density pattern. The use of this district shall be applied to those locations in which it will be compatible with surrounding uses. Also where the increased density would not create a service problem and where the use will accommodate both the existing or anticipated character of the surrounding area.
Minimum Lot Size: Planned Residential Development = varies Residential Development = 2 acres All Other Development = 5 acres 20,000 square feet Lots should provide a minimum of the following square feet per dwelling unit; up to 4 units-5,000 square feet; up to 6 units-4,500 square feet.; over 6 units-4,000 square feet.
Permitted uses in the R-3SE district include:
1. General agriculture. 1. Multiple family dwellings - only on lots provided with public sewer unless application applies to existing structures. Site Plan approval required of Planning and Zoning Committee. 2. Roadside stands.All permitted uses of Section 7.041 (B) of the ordinance. 3. Bed and breakfast establishments*8. 4. Family day care homes. 5. Home occupations (subject to site plan review procedures). 6. Model homes (subject to site plan review procedures). 7. Cemeteries. 8. Churches (subject to site plan review procedures). 9. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 10. Fire/police stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 11. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 12. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 13. Town halls/community centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Camping. 15. Commercial riding stables (subject to site plan review procedures). 16. Golf courses (subject to site plan review procedures). 17. Parks and recreational trails. 18. Private riding stables. 19. Public boat launching facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Duplexes (subject to site plan review procedures). 21. Planned residential developments (subject to site plan review procedures).
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-22 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 22. Single family residences. 23. Single family residences/lots separate from farm parcels. 24. Airstrips and landing fields, governmental (subject to site plan review procedures). 25. Airstrips and landing fields, private (subject to site plan review procedures). 26. Utility facilities – Type A. 27. Noncommercial communication towers, antennas, transmitter<200’ (subject to site plan review procedures). 28. Temporary MET towers (subject to site plan review procedures).
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-23 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Residential Planned Development District (R-4)Single Family Residential-20,000 (SF20)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to provide for exclusive single-family residential and planned residential development at fairly high densities. Generally, these districts will be located along the waterfront and in or near existing communities where smaller lots dominate the development pattern. The permitted uses are restricted in order to maintain strictly residential character of these areas. The purpose of the R-4 Residential Planned Development District is to provide the means whereby land may be planned and developed as a unit for residential uses under standards and conditions which afford flexibility; encourage good design; open spaces; the preservation of natural features, and to minimize the present and future burdens upon the community as a whole, which result from poor planning.
Minimum Lot Size: Planned Residential Development = varies All Other Development = 20,000 square feet 10,000 square feet for single family dwellings, 5,000 square feet for each row house or apartment, and 12,000 square feet for duplexes
In Cluster Subdivisions the grouping or residences will permit individual lot sizes to be reduced, provided that the overall density within the development is maintained. The remaining undeveloped area shall be required to remain a common open space, preferably on the shoreline if the subdivision is located in a shore area, in perpetuity. Such grouping of residences facilitates common water supply and sewage disposal systems. Such developments shall be site designed as a total unit development and may be developed by subunits in accordance to the approved overall site plan. Developments of this type shall not be built on unsewered lots.
Minimum Lot Size: 3 acres under one ownership
Permitted uses in the R-4SF20 district include:
1. Family day care homes.Clustered single family lot developments. Site Plan approval required of Planning and Zoning Committee. 2. Home occupations (subject to site plan review procedures). 3. Model homes (subject to site plan review procedures). 4. Cemeteries.Two Family dwellings. Site Plan approval required of Planning and Zoning Committee. 5. Churches (subject to site plan review procedures). 6. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 7. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 8. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 9. Parks and recreational trails. 10. Public boat launching facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 11. Planned residential developments (subject to site plan review procedures). 12. Single family residences. 13. Utility facilities – Type A.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-24 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 3.Multi-family dwellings. Site Plan approval required of Planning and Zoning Committee. 4.Any permitted use in the R-1 and R-2 Residence District. 5.Accessory uses, structures, and amenities in the approved development plan.
Recreational (REC)Single Family Residential-10,000 (SF10)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to provide for single-family residential and planned residential development at slightly higher densities than the Single Family Residential-20,000 district. Generally, this district will be located in or near existing communities where public sewer and water are available. Due to state limitations on the size of lots in a shoreland area, lands in the shoreland area shall not be zoned SF10. The permitted uses are generally the same as those in Single Family Residential-20,000 district.Provides for the continuation of some agricultural uses and the development of those recreational uses that are consistent with the maximum recreational use of the water and its shoreland. The development of some residential uses is permitted providing that adequate sewage disposal facilities can be provided.
Minimum Lot Size: Planned Residential Development = varies All Other Development: Sewered and Non-Sewered = 10,000 Sewered in Harrison = 7,500 square feet Single family - 10,000 square feet, duplexes – 15,000 square feet if served by sewer. Single family – 20,000 square feet, duplexes – 30,000 if not served by sewer
Permitted uses in the SF10 district include:
1. Family day care homes. 2. Model homes (subject to site plan review procedures). 3. Cemeteries. 4. Churches (subject to site plan review procedures). 5. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 6. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 7. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 8. Parks and recreational trails. 9. Public boat launching facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 10. Planned residential developments (subject to site plan review procedures). 11. Single family residences. 12. Utility facilities – Type A.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-25 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Local and Neighborhood Commercial (C-1)High Density (HD)
Intent: This district is intended to provide areas for a variety of residential uses, including multiple occupancy development, manufactured home parks, and single family residential development at fairly high densities. This district is intended to be located in areas with an existing mixture of residential types, certain regions that are served by public sewer, and other locations where high density residential developments are appropriate. This district is not intended to develop into centers with commercial activity and, thus, most commercial uses are not permitted. These lots are typically located where sewer and water are available.This commercial district is intended to provide for the orderly and attractive grouping of convenient locations of local retail stores, shops, offices and establishments serving the daily needs of the neighborhood.
Minimum Lot Size: Multiple Occupancy Development (Non-shore) = 2 acres Manufactured Home Park (Non-shore) = 20,000 square feet Planned Residential Development (Non-shore) = varies All Other Development: Sewered and Non-Sewered (Non-shore) = 16,200 square feet All Development in a Shoreland Area = 20,000 square feet
Permitted uses in the HD district include:
1. Banks*2.Retail stores and shops offering convenience goods and services 2. Bed and breakfast establishments*8.Business and professional offices and studios 3. Boardinghouses.Banks and savings and loan offices 4. Day care centers (subject to site plan review procedures).Post offices 5. Family day care homes.Restaurants 6. Home occupations.Dental and medical clinics 7. Model homes.Public and semi-public buildings and institutions 8. Private lodges and clubs.Telephone buildings, telephone, telegraph and power transmission towers, poles and lines, including transformers, substations, relay and repeater stations, equipment housings and other necessary appurtenant equipment and structures; radio and television stations and transmission towers and microwave relay towers 9. Restaurants or taverns*4 (subject to site plan review procedures). Museums 10. Taxi and limousine service.Veterinary Clinics (not to include any type of commercial animal kennels and/or breeding activities) 11. Veterinarian clinics.Cemeteries, mausoleums, crematories and funeral homes 12. Cemeteries. 13. Churches (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 15. Post offices (subject to site plan review procedures). 16. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 17. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 18. Town halls/community centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 19. Golf courses (subject to site plan review procedures).
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-26 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 20. Parks and recreational trails. 21. Public boat launching facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 22. Duplexes. 23. Zero lot lines duplexes. 24. Manufactured homes (subject to site plan review procedures). 25. Manufactured home parks (subject to site plan review procedures). 26. Multiple occupancy developments*7 (subject to site plan review procedures). 27. Planned residential developments (subject to site plan review procedures). 28. Single family residences. 29. Utility facilities – Type A.
Community and Area Wide Commercial (C-2)Mixed Use Commercial
Intent: This district permits both residential and commercial uses and is designed to accommodate those areas of Calumet County with an existing desirable mixture of uses, or such a mixture of uses is desired. Typically, this district will be located within or near existing communities but it is also intended for outlying or smaller nodes of development. In addition, this district can be used as a transition between business centers and strictly residential areas.This district is intended to provide for grouping at convenient locations, larger community orientated retail stores, shops, offices and establishments serving the needs of the area, rather than just the local neighborhood. Higher levels of traffic and activity would be expected in this district.
Permitted uses in the MC district include:
1. Farm markets.All uses listed in C-1 district 2. Greenhouses (subject to site plan review procedures).Rest homes and homes for aged 3. Art galleries.Drive-in establishments serving food or beverages to customers other than at a booth or table 4. Auto sales & service (subject to site plan review procedures). New and used car sales 5. Banks*2.Farm implement sales 6. Bed and breakfast establishments*8.Golf driving ranges 7. Boardinghouses.Laundromats 8. Day care centers (subject to site plan review procedures). Auto service stations and maintenance facilities 9. Family day care homes.Wastewater and/or sewage treatment facilities (except for individual, on-site sewage disposal facilities such as septic tank filter fields, holding tanks, or alternate sewage disposal systems) 10. Home businesses (subject to site plan review procedures).Day Care Center 11. Home occupations.Municipal and private water towers 12. Laundromats and laundry service.Commercial entertainment facilities 13. Medical/dental clinics.Small repair shops 14. Model homes.Rooming and boarding houses, hotels and motels 15. Passenger bus terminals (subject to site plan review procedures).Commercial greenhouses
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-27 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 16. Personal service establishments.Recreational complex, commercial 17. Private lodges and clubs. 18. Professional offices/studios. 19. Radio/TV stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Recreational/fishing equipment sales (subject to site plan review procedures). 21. Recreational vehicle sales/service (subject to site plan review procedures). 22. Restaurants or taverns*2. 23. Retail stores*6. 24. Taxi and limousines service. 25. Veterinarian. 26. Cemeteries. 27. Churches. 28. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 29. Fire/police stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 30. Institutional residential (subject to site plan review procedures). 31. Libraries/museums. 32. Post offices. 33. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 34. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 35. Public highway garages (subject to site plan review procedures). 36. Town halls/community centers. 37. Travelers’ information centers. 38. Marinas/excursion/boating/charter fishing. 39. Parks and recreational trails. 40. Public boat launching facilities. 41. Retreat centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 42. Ski resorts (subject to site plan review procedures). 43. Accessory residences. 44. Duplexes. 45. Zero lot line duplex. 46. Multiple occupancy developments*7 (subject to site plan review procedures). 47. Planned residential developments (subject to site plan review procedures). 48. Single family residences. 49. Municipal/commercial parking lots (subject to site plan review procedures). 50. Utility facilities – Type A.
Commercial/Light Industrial (C-3)Recreational Commercial (RC)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended for Calumet County’s resort areas, particularly areas where high concentration of recreational uses are desired or located or are appropriate. These areas are not intended to develop into business districts, and, thus, many retail, office, and service uses are restricted or prohibited in favor of recreational uses such as golf courses, resorts, multiple occupancy developments, marinas and restaurants. The intent of this district is to provide for the development of areas where activity and usage are more intense than in the C-1 or C-2 district. These uses are generally considered quasi commercial/industrial or light industrial. These districts, due to actual
Fothphysical Infrastructureand & Environment, operational LLC characteristics, 9-28 need to be carefully establishedCalumet County to ensure Inventory and Trends Report compatibility with surrounding areas. Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Permitted uses in the RC district include:
1. Art galleries.All uses listed in C-1 and C-2 including the following: 2. Bed and breakfast establishments*8.Wholesaling establishment 3. Family day care homes.Lumber and building supply yards 4. Laundromats and laundry services (subject to site plan review procedures).Auto Body Shop 5. Model homes.Gas Station/Convenience Store 6. Private lodges and clubs.Contractors 7. Recreational/fishing equipment sales (subject to site plan review procedures). 8. Restaurants or taverns (subject to site plan review procedures). 9. Cemeteries. 10. Churches. 11. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 12. Libraries/museums 13. Post offices (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 15. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 16. Town halls/community centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 17. Travelers’ information centers. 18. Commercial riding stables (subject to site plan review procedures). 19. Golf courses (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Marinas/excursion/boating/charter fishing. 21. Outdoor theatre (subject to site plan review procedures). 22. Parks and recreational trails. 23. Private riding stables. 24. Public boat launching facilities. 25. Accessory residences. 26. Duplexes. 27. Zero lot line duplex. 28. Multiple occupancy developments*7 (subject to site plan review procedures). 29. Single family residences. 30. Municipal/commercial parking lots (subject to site plan review procedures). 31. Utility facilities – Type A.
With the exclusion of; 7.Rooming and Boarding Houses 8.Rest homes and Homes for Aged 9.Day Care Center
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-29 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Industrial District (I)Commercial Center (CC)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to provide centers for commercial and mixed-use development and redevelopment. The district permits a wide variety of retail, service, and office uses and is intended to maintain the vitality of Calumet County’s commercial centers. It should be established for the main business districts of existing communities. The industrial district is intended to provide for any manufacturing or industrial operation which, on the basis of actual physical and operational characteristics, would not be detrimental to the surrounding area or the county as a whole by reason of noise, dust, smoke, odor, traffic, physical appearance or other similar factors and subject to such regulatory controls as will reasonably ensure compatibility in this respect. Permitted uses in the CC district include:
1. Farm markets.Manufacture, assembly fabrication, and processing plants and similar type industrial operations 2. Greenhouses (subject to site plan review procedures).General warehousing 3. Art galleries.Lumber and building supply yards 4. Auto sales & service lot.Saw mills 5. Banks*2.Contractors 6. Bed and breakfast establishments*8.Transportation Terminal 7. Boardinghouses.Wholesaling Establishment 8. Commercial fishing facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 9. Conference facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 10. Day care centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 11. Farm implement sales/service (subject to site plan review procedures). 12. Gas stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 13. Home businesses (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Home occupations. 15. Laundromats and laundry service. 16. Lumber/building supply yards (subject to site plan review procedures). 17. Medical/dental clinics. 18. Model homes. 19. Passenger bus terminals (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Personal service establishments. 21. Private lodges and clubs. 22. Professional offices and studios. 23. Radio/TV stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 24. Recreational/fishing equipment sales. 25. Recreational vehicle sales/service (subject to site plan review procedures). 26. Restaurants or taverns*2. 27. Retail stores*6. 28. Taxi and limousine service. 29. Veterinarian clinics. 30. Wineries/micro breweries (subject to site plan review procedures).
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-30 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 31. Cemeteries. 32. Churches. 33. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 34. Fire/police stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 35. Hospitals (subject to site plan review procedures). 36. Institutional residential (subject to site plan review procedures). 37. Libraries/museums 38. Post offices. 39. Private schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 40. Public schools (subject to site plan review procedures). 41. Public highway garages (subject to site plan review procedures). 42. Town halls/community centers. 43. Travelers’ information centers. 44. Marinas/excursion/boating/charter fishing (subject to site plan review procedures). 45. Outdoor theatre (subject to site plan review procedures). 46. Parks and recreational trails. 47. Public boat launching facilities. 48. Retreat centers (subject to site plan review procedures). 49. Ski resorts (subject to site plan review procedures). 50. Accessory residences. 51. Duplexes. 52. Zero lot line duplex. 53. Multiple occupancy developments*7 (subject to site plan review procedures). 54. Municipal/commercial parking lots (subject to site plan review procedures). 55. Utility facilities – Type A. 56. Noncommercial communication towers, antennas, transmitters>200’ (subject to site plan review procedures).
Conservancy District (CON)Light Industrial (LI)
Purpose and Intent: This district is intended to provide for small scale manufacturing, mini or low volume warehousing, and other light industrial operations. It is also intended that this district be used for the location of trade or contractor establishments, commercial storage facilities, and similar businesses. Such uses shall not be detrimental to the surrounding area or to the County as a whole by reason of noise, dust, smoke, odor, traffic or physical appearance, degradation of groundwater, or other nuisance factors. Such uses may be subject to requirements, which will reasonably ensure compatibility. This district can also be used for industrial or business parks. The conservancy district is intended to be used to prevent destruction of natural or man- made resources and to protect watercourses including the shorelands of navigable waters, and areas which are not adequately drained, or which are subject to periodic flooding; where development would result in hazards to health or safety; would deplete or destroy resources or be otherwise incompatible with the public welfare. This district includes all wetland areas designated as swamps or marshes on the United States Geological Survey map sheets. Permitted uses in the LI district include:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-31 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 1. Greenhouses (subject to site plan review procedures). 2. Auto repair. 3. Auto sales & service lot (subject to site plan review procedures). 4. Commercial fishing facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 5. Commercial trucking establishments (subject to site plan review procedures). 6. Commercial storage facilities. 7. Farm implement sales/service. 8. Gas stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 9. Grain mills (subject to site plan review procedures). 10. Home businesses (subject to site plan review procedures). 11. Animal shelters/pounds. 12. Laundromats and laundry services (subject to site plan review procedures). 13. Model homes (subject to site plan review procedures). 14. Private lodges and clubs. 15. Professional offices/studios. 16. Radio/TV stations. 17. Recreational/fishing equipment sales. 18. Retail stores (subject to site plan review procedures). 19. Taxi and limousine service. 20. Trade or contractor establishments. 21. Veterinarian clinics. 22. Bulk storage of fuel products (subject to site plan review procedures). 23. Freight terminals (subject to site plan review procedures). 24. Fruit/vegetable/cheese processing plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 25. Manufacturing, assembly, processing (subject to site plan review procedures). 26. Sawmills/planning mills. 27. Temporary asphalt/concrete plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 28. Wholesale establishments/distributorships (subject to site plan review procedures). 29. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 30. Fire/police stations. 31. Public highway garages. 32. Airstrips and landing fields, governmental (subject to site plan review procedures). 33. Municipal/commercial parking lots (subject to site plan review procedures). 34. Utility facilities – Type A. 35. Commercial communication towers, antennas, transmitters>75’ but <200’ (subject to site plan review procedures). 36. Noncommercial communication towers, antennas, transmitter<200’. 37. Communication towers, antennas, transmitters>200’ (subject to site plan review procedures). 38. Temporary MET towers. 39. Permanent MET towers (subject to site plan review procedures).
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-32 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Wetlands are any lands wet enough to support a growth of moisture loving plants or aquatics and having an accumulation of organic matter, such as peat or muck. Wetlands are seldom suitable for building for the following reasons:
septic tank systems will not function because of high groundwater water supplies are often polluted by septic tank wastes that have not been adequately absorbed by the soil foundations and roads crack due to poor support capabilities and frost action flooding is often common in Spring and other times of high water
Town of Harrison Overlay District (HOD)Industrial (I)
Purpose and Intent: The intent of this overlay district is to address the needs for the growth and expansion of areas in close proximity to other developing areas of the Fox Valley. This district provides for more concentrated development that is more consistent with the character of adjoining urban and semi-urban areas. This overlay allows for changes to the zoning standards that reflect a pattern of more compact and dense development. These patterns provide for more efficient and cost effective routes and modes of transportation, sewer and water extension and other public utilities. Additionally, these standards are intended to reduce sprawl and encourage more compact development in areas where sewer and public utilities are provided.The intent of this overlay district is to address the needs for the growth and expansion of areas in close proximity to other developing areas of the Fox Valley. This district provides for more concentrated development that is more consistent with the character of adjoining urban and semi-urban areas. This overlay allows for changes to the zoning standards that reflect a pattern of more compact and dense development. These patterns provide for more efficient and cost effective routes and modes of transportation, sewer and water extension and other public utilities. Additionally, these standards are intended to reduce sprawl and encourage more compact development in areas where sewer and public utilities are provided.
Permitted uses in the I district include:
1. Greenhouses (subject to site plan review procedures). 2. Adult entertainment establishments (subject to site plan review procedures). 3. Auto repair. 4. Auto sales & service lot (subject to site plan review procedures). 5. Commercial trucking establishments. 6. Commercial storage facilities. 7. Farm implement sales/service. 8. Fertilizer distribution plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 9. Gas stations (subject to site plan review procedures). 10. Grain mills. 11. Home businesses (subject to site plan review procedures). 12. Animal shelters/pounds (subject to site plan review procedures). 13. Lumber/building supply yards.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-33 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 14. Radio/TV stations. 15. Recreational vehicle sales/service. 16. Taxi and limousine service. 17. Trade or contractor establishments. 18. Asphalt/concrete plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 19. Bulk storage of fuel products (subject to site plan review procedures). 20. Freight terminals. 21. Fruit/vegetable/cheese processing plants. 22. Manufacturing, assembly, processing. 23. Resource recovery facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 24. Salvage yards (subject to site plan review procedures). 25. Sawmills/planning mills. 26. Sewage disposal/treatment plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 27. Slaughterhouses (subject to site plan review procedures). 28. Solid waste facilities (subject to site plan review procedures). 29. Temporary asphalt/concrete plants (subject to site plan review procedures). 30. Wholesale establishments/distributorships (subject to site plan review procedures). 31. Community living arrangement as regulated in s. 59.69(15), Wis. Stats. 32. Fire/police stations. 33. Airstrips and landing fields, governmental (subject to site plan review procedures). 34. Municipal/commercial parking lots (subject to site plan review procedures). 35. Utility facilities – Type A. 36. Utility facilities – Type B. 37. Commercial communication towers, antennas, transmitters>75’ but <200’. 38. Noncommercial communication towers, antennas, transmitter<200’. 39. Communication towers, antennas, transmitters>200’. 40. Temporary MET towers. 41. Permanent MET towers. Lands included within this district include the boundaries of this district shall include all areas served by municipal sewer within the Town of Harrison that are also part of the following described districts or areas: (1) Darboy Sanitary District; (2) Waverly Sanitary District; (3) Appleton Boundary Agreement Area; (4) Menasha Boundary Agreement Area.
Calumet County Shoreland Zoning Ordinance
Adopted in 1996 and revised in 2001, Calumet County’s Shoreland Zoning Ordinance is designed to uphold the requirements outlined by Wisconsin State Statute. This ordinance has also been amended since 2001. The ordinance specifies regulations regarding land development and land use along waterways within the county.
Areas to be regulated under the ordinance include:
Within one thousand (1,000) feet of the ordinary high-water mark of navigable lakes, ponds or flowages.
Within three hundred (300) feet of the ordinary high-water mark of navigable rivers or streams, or to the landward side of the floodplain, whichever distance is greater.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-34 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The shorelands of Calumet County are divided into the following shoreland districts:
Shoreland-Wetland District (W-Sh) Recreational-Residential District (R-Sh) Commercial District (C-Sh) Agricultural District (A-Sh)
The following minimum requirements relating to yards, lot width, floor area and lot area shall be in effect for the various zoning districts. Additional requirements are in place for duplexes.
R-SH and C-SH Districts Standard Lot Sub-Standard Lot A-SH District Lot Area (Sq. Ft.) Single family Lots not served by public sewer 20,000 15,000 43,560 Lots served by public sewer 12,500 7,500 43,560 Lot Width (feet) Lots not served by public sewer 100 75 150 Lots served by public sewer 85 55 150 Side Yard, Principal Bldg. (feet) Minimum on any one side 10 10 25 Aggregate of Both sides, unsewered 25 25 50 If served by public sewer 20 20 50 Side Yard Accessory Bldg. (feet) 10 6 25 If placed entirely in rear yard 6 6 6 Rear Yard Principal Bldg. (feet) 25 25 50 Rear Yard Accessory Bldg. (feet) 6 6 6 Floor Area of Residence (sq. ft.) 720 720 720 Height Principal Bldg. (Maximum Ft.) 35 35 35
The total square footage, in ground floor area, of all structures (proposed and existing) on any one lot shall not exceed 15% of net lot area for unsewered lots, or 20% for sewered lots. Additional details for each district are provided in the ordinance includes permitted and conditional uses.
The Shoreland-Wetland District (W-Sh) includes all shorelands within the jurisdiction of this ordinance which are wetlands of five acres or more. Some of the permitted uses within this district include:
Hiking, fishing, trapping, hunting, swimming and boating.
The harvesting of wild crops, such as marsh hay, ferns, moss, wild rice, berries, tree fruits and tree seeds, in a manner that is not injurious to the natural reproduction of such crops.
The pasturing of livestock including fence construction.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-35 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 The cultivation of agricultural crops.
The practice of silviculture including the planting, thinning and harvesting of timber.
The construction and maintenance of duck blinds.
For further specific details regarding the Calumet County Shoreland Zoning Ordinance refer to the ordinance.
Calumet County Floodplain Zoning Ordinance
Adopted in 2006 and amended in 2008, the purpose of the ordinance is to regulate development in flood hazard areas to protect life, health, and property and minimize negative consequences of flood events. The ordinance establishes the following three districts:
The Floodway District (FW) consists of the channel of a river or stream and those portions of the floodplain adjoining the channel required to carry the regional flood waters. The Floodfringe District (FF) consists of that portion of the floodplain between the regional flood limits and the floodway.
The General Floodplain District (GFP) consists of all areas which have been or may be hereafter covered by flood water during the regional flood. It includes both the floodway and floodfringe districts.
Permitted uses for each district are as follows.
Floodway District (FW) Open space uses are allowed in the floodway district, and the floodway portion of the general floodplain district, providing they are not prohibited by any other ordinance. Permitted uses include:
Agricultural uses, such as: general farming, pasturing, outdoor plant nurseries, horticulture, viticulture, truck farming, forestry, sod farming and wild crop harvesting.
Nonstructural industrial and commercial uses, such as: loading areas, parking areas and airport landing strips.
Private and public recreational uses, such as: golf courses, tennis courts, driving ranges, archery ranges, picnic grounds, boat launching ramps, swimming areas, parks, wildlife and nature preserves, game farms, fish hatcheries, shooting, trap and skeet activitiesshooting preserves, target ranges, trap and skeet ranges, hunting and fishing areas, and hiking and horseback riding trails.
Uses or structures accessory to open space uses, or classified as historic structures that comply with ss. 51-33 and 51-34essential for historical areas, that are not in conflict with
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-36 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 the provisions in ss. 3.3. and 3.4.
Extraction of sand, gravel or other material according to s. 51-33(d)3.3(4).
Functionally water-dependent uses such as: docks, piers or wharves, including those used as part of a marina, and other water related uses, such as dams, flowage areas, culverts, navigational aids and driver crossings of transmission lines, and pipelines, according to chapters 30, 31, Wisconsin Statutes.
Public utilities, streets and bridges, according to s. 51-33(c)3.3(3).
Floodfringe District (FF) Any structures, land use, or development, including accessory structures and uses, are allowed within the floodfringe district and floodfringe portions of the general floodplain district, provided that the standards contained in s. 51-474.3 are met, that the use is not prohibited by this or any other ordinance or any other local, state or Federal regulation and that all permits or certificates specified in s. 7.151-81 have been issued.
General Floodplain District (GFP) The general floodplain district encompasses both floodway and flood fringe areas. Therefore, a determination shall be made pursuant to s. 51-61(d)5.4, to determine whether the proposed use is located within a floodway or floodfringe area. Those uses permitted in floodways (s.51.323.2) and floodfringe areas (s.51-464.2) are allowed within the general floodplain district, according to the standards of s. 51-61(c)5.3. and provided that all permits or certificates required under s. 51- 817.1 have been issued.
For further specific details regarding the Calumet County Floodplain Zoning Ordinance including standards for development, prohibited uses, and administration refer to the ordinance.
Calumet County Land DivisionSubdivision Ordinance
The Calumet County Land DivisionSubdivision Ordinance is designed to guide the division and preparation of land for future development. The impact of decisions to subdivide land into smaller parcels is permanent and will determine development patterns of other parcels within and around the area, as well as the services established for the new development.
Design requirements for block and lot design standards include, but are not limited to, the following:
Blocks shall be not greater than 1,500 feet in length nor less than 600 feet in length, except where necessary in case of 1) Cul-de-sacs and permanent dead-end streets, 2) The connection of a new roadstreet with an existing roadstreet or other unusual circumstances, when approved by the Committee.
Lot DimensionsDesign - in those townships and shoreland areas under the jurisdiction of the Calumet County Zoning Ordinance and/or the Calumet County Shoreland Floodplain
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-37 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Supplementary Overlay Zoning Ordinance, the minimum lot area and width requirements specified therein shall be applicable.
In all towns having not adopted the Calumet County Zoning Ordinance, unzoned townships, or in townships exercising town-zoning jurisdiction where any such lot area/width requirements are less restrictive than below, the following lot area and width standards shall be applicable for unsewered lots:
Net Lot Area (minimum): 1.0 acre Lot Width (minimum): 150 feet
Once State approved sanitary sewerage facilities have been provided for the proposed lot(s), the minimum net lot area shall be reduced to 7,50010,000 square feet, and the minimum lot width shall be reduced to 6075 feet for lands not located within shoreland areas. For lots located within shoreland areas, the minimum net lot shall be reduced to 20,000 square feet, and the minimum lot width reduced to 100 feet.
Base Development Yield, Density Management, and Growth Management AreasGrowth Management Policy Base development yield, density management, and growth management areas are methods implemented through Calumet County’s Land Division Ordinance to effectively manage the rate of residential growth, to promote more efficient growth patterns and to minimize the public costs of non-agricultural growth in unincorporated areas, by restricting the number and location of new buildable lots created by all forms of land subdivision.
Base development yield (otherwise known as “density”), establishes the maximum number of lots, which may be created in a given residential subdivision. Each parcel in Calumet County has an assigned density. For towns that have adopted the Calumet County Zoning Ordinance, the density is determined by dividing the acreage of the original tract by the maximum residential density permitted in the zoning district where the original tract is located. For towns, which have not adopted the Calumet County Zoning Ordinance, the density is determined by dividing the acreage of the original tract by the maximum residential density identified on the Calumet County Density Map.
After the density of the parcel is determined, the subdivider must divide the land according to the density management standards of the land division ordinance. Density management regulates the numbers of lots that can be created at a single time depending on the availability of public sewer and the location of the subdivision to density management boundaries. The density management standards are as follows:
(a) Minor or major subdivisions where state approved public sanitary sewerage facilities are provided for all lots of the subdivision shall be permitted subject to the following conditions:
(1) The applicant must secure approvals of the subdivision from the applicable town, incorporated community having extraterritorial plat approval jurisdiction, and the servicing sewer district.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-38 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 (b) Major subdivisions where state approved public sanitary sewerage facilities are not provided for all lots of the proposed new subdivision may be permitted within, but not beyond, any Density Management Boundary, as shown on the Density Map subject to the following conditions:
(1) No more than nine (9) lots have been created from the parent parcel.
(2) The applicant must secure approvals of the subdivision from the applicable town, incorporated community having extraterritorial plat approval jurisdiction, and any applicable servicing sewer district.
(c) Major subdivisions may be permitted beyond any Density Management Boundary, as shown on the Density Map, where state approved public sanitary sewerage facilities are not provided for all lots of the subdivision subject to all of the following:
(1) The permitted base development yield of Sec. 62-23(a), Base Development Yield, was four (4) or less lots;
(2) The subdivision plat has been designed in accordance with Sec. 62-35, Cluster Subdivisions;
(3) The base development yield is increased to five (5) or more lots because of bonus lots claimed in Sec. 62-23(c), Cluster Subdivision Density Bonuses; and
(4) The applicant secured approvals of the subdivision from the applicable town and the incorporated community having extraterritorial plat approval jurisdiction.
(d) Minor subdivisions where state approved public sanitary sewerage facilities are not provided for all lots of the proposed new subdivision may be permitted subject to either of the following conditions:
(1) The subdivision is developed in accordance with Sec. 62-35, Cluster Subdivisions.
A. The applicant must secure approvals of the subdivision from the applicable town, incorporated community having extraterritorial plat approval jurisdiction, and any applicable servicing sewer district.
(2) The subdivision creates no more than three (3) lots from the parent parcel in a five (5) year period provided the subdivision is in compliance with the base development yield.
(e) Where agreeable by the subdivider, approving agencies, and objecting authorities, a shadow plat may be created for minor and major subdivisions located within a Density Management Boundary, as shown on the Density Map, where state approved public sanitary sewerage facilities are not provided for all lots of the subdivision. A shadow plat shall include the following:
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-39 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 (1) Lot design and size consistent with the comprehensive plan of the area.
(2) The layout of future roads. Local roads shall be planned to provide road connections to adjoining parcels, neighborhoods, or future development open spaces as a means of discouraging the reliance on county and state roads for local trips.
(3) Easement locations for utilities and stormwater drainage.
(4) Locations of buildings or structures on the lots to accommodate future subdivision.
(5) Information demonstrating how public utilities may be extended to the subdivision to accommodate future urban development.
In an effort to preserve farmland and ensure the proper planning in the unincorporated areas of Calumet County, land divisions are encourage to occur in areas identified as ‘Short Term Growth Areas’ on the Growth Management Map prior to areas identified as ‘Long Term Sewer Service Areas,’ unless the proposed land division is the ‘Long Term Sewer Service Area’ is served by a public sanitary sewer facility. The Growth Management Map for Calumet County is shown as Map 9-2. The purpose of this policy is to effectively manage the rate of nonagricultural growth, to promote more efficient growth patterns and to minimize the public costs of non-agricultural growth in unincorporated areas, by restricting the number and location of new buildable lots created by all forms of land subdivision.
For the above stated purpose, the following is considered the Growth Management Policy of Calumet County, and be fully enforceable under this ordinance:
No "Major Subdivision" of ten (10) or more lots in size shall be permitted beyond the corporate limits of any incorporated city or village.
"Major Subdivisions" of less than ten (10) lots in size may be permitted beyond municipal corporate limits, but not beyond the boundaries of any "Growth Service Area" shown on the Growth Management Policy map. Only "Minor Subdivisions" shall be allowed beyond any "Growth Service Area" boundary.
Under no circumstances shall any "Major Subdivision" be permitted, unless all the lots of such subdivision will either be served by State-Approved sanitary sewerage system, or contain sufficient area of soils, which are fully suitable for placement of on-site sewage disposal systems.
Any subdivision plat located beyond a Growth Service Area boundary as shown on the Growth Management Policy map, approved and recorded prior to the effective date of these regulations, may be further subdivided (one time only) subject to the following conditions: 1. That at least 75% of the lots comprising the pre-existing plat have been developed with permanent, residential primary structures, or
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-40 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 2. That such further land subdivision shall contain no more than nine (9) additional (new) lots.
Major subdivisions of ten (10) or more lots may be permitted beyond the corporate limits, but within Growth Service Areas, subject to the following conditions: 1. That such proposed new subdivision is contiguous to at least one other pre-existing subdivision of ten (10) or more lots in size; or 2. That State approved sanitary sewerage facilities are first provided for all lots of the proposed new subdivision.
For further specific details regarding the Calumet County Land DivisionSubdivision Ordinance or the Growth Management Policy refer to the ordinance.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-41 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Map 9-2 Growth Management and Sewer Service Areas
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-42 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 This page intentionally left blank.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-43 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County Manure Storage and Runoff ManagementAnimal Waste Storage Ordinance
This county ordinance became effective in 20111989. The purpose of this ordinance is to provide for proper and safe storage, handling, and land application of manure, and to reduce the delivery of manure, other waste materials, and fertilizers to surface waters and groundwater through the use of conservation practices and implementation of state performance standards and prohibitions for agriculture. The ordinance adopts the State Agricultural Performance Standards and Prohibitions into County Ordinance. The ordinance regulates all livestock facilities that are less than 1000 animal units. The ordinance also regulates land application of most nutrients, including manure and commerical fertilzers. It is designed to prevent water pollution by requiring allAll new or modified manure storage facilities require a construction and use permit from the Calumet County Land and Water Conservation Department. new manure storage facilities or modifications to existing storage fFacilities shall be designed and built according to NRCS technical standards. The ordinance dictates the requirement for a permit from the County Land Conservation Department prior to construction of a facility as well as several other requirements with regard to animal waste storage. Several types of plans must be submitted with each application. These plans include: engineering plans, operation and maintenance plans, safety and design plans, clean water diversion plans, nutrient management plans, erosion control and stormwater management plans.An animal waste storage facility plan is also required by the ordinance. For further specific details regarding the ordinance refer to the ordinance.
Calumet County Sanitary SystemsPrivate Sewage Disposal Ordinance
Comprehensively revised in 2010, Tthe scope andgeneral intent of this ordinance is to regulate wastewater generation and the location, construction, installation, alteration, design and use of all private onsite wastewater treatmentsewerage disposal systems so as to protect the health of residents and transients; to protect drinking water from harmful nitrates and bacteria; to secure safety from disease and pestilence; to further the appropriate use and conservation of land and water resources; and to preserve and promote the beauty of Calumet County and its communities. It is further intended to provide for the administration and enforcement of this ordinance and to provide penalties for violation of this ordinance.
The ordinance details requirements for a sanitary permit, maintenance requirements, applicable fees, and prohibited systems. For further specific details regarding this ordinance refer to the ordinance.
Calumet County Private Water Systems Ordinance
Adopted 1994, the purpose of the ordinance is to protect the drinking water and groundwater resources of the county by governing access to groundwater through regulating well abandonment and drill hole abandonment. The ordinance details county administration and duties and enforcement actions. For further specific details regarding this ordinance refer to the ordinance.
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-44 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County Non-Metallic Mining Reclamation Ordinance
Adopted in 20072001, the ordinance establishes a program to ensure effective reclamation of nonmetallic mining sites in Calumet County. The ordinance was adopted in compliance with Chapter NR 135, Wisconsin Administrative Code.
Calumet County Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Siting Ordinance
This ordinance from 1998 is for the purpose of regulating the transportation, disposal, storage, and treatment of solid waste and hazardous waste by persons within the boundaries of Calumet County. These activities shall be permitted only under the terms and conditions as set forth by the ordinance due to the possible danger to the health, safety, and welfare of the public and the impact on the natural resources of the county.
This ordinance is intended to regulate the siting of solid waste disposal sites (landfill) as that term is defined in Chapter 289, Solid Waste Facilities, and Hazardous Waste Facilities as defined in Chapter 291, Wisconsin Statutes. It is also the intent of this ordinance to:
Establish procedures pertaining to the landfill siting process within the County.
Appropriate and levy sufficient fees to cover the County's involvement in the siting process.
Ensure that any sited landfill is considered in, and works as a supporting part of, the County solid waste management plan. This includes financial support for and/or physical accommodation of programs to reduce, reuse, recycle, screen, or otherwise divert materials from landfill disposal.
Preserve landfill capacity of solid waste facilities in the County for future use and to ensure that County municipalities, residents, and businesses shall have assurances as to the duration of landfill operations and the availability of disposal at landfills located within the County.
Require orderly land use development pertaining to the siting of solid waste and hazardous waste facilities.
Ensure that final negotiated agreements under Chapters 289 and 291, Wisconsin Statutes, shall contain sufficient provisions to afford local residents protection against adverse impacts from the siting of solid waste and hazardous waste facilities in the County.
Ensure that the costs of disposal are borne by the generators of solid waste and hazardous waste to the greatest degree practical.
For further specific details regarding this ordinance refer to the ordinance.
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-45 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County Outdoor Recreation Plan, 20112005
With assistance from the East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Calumet County completed an updated outdoor recreation plan in 20112005. The plan provides goals and objectives, an inventory of recreational resources, identifies recreational needs, provides goals and objectives, and provides recommendations for the future and an action plan for implementation. Earlier plans were created in 1976, 1987, and 1995 and 2005.
Calumet County FarmlandAgricultural Preservation Plan, 20101980
FarmlandAgricultural preservation plans are developed by counties in order to participate in the State’s Farmland Preservation Program. Calumet County formally adopted its original farmland preservation plan in 1980 and (updated it in 1988). To meet state certification requirements, the plan needed to be redrafted. The 2010 Calumet County Farmland Preservation Plan was formally adopted in 2009. The plan is certified for 10 years and it will expire in 2020.
Calumet County Land and Water Resource Management Plan, 2007-20111999
Calumet County developed its first Land and Water Resource Management (LWRM) Plan in 1999 and implemented it through 2006. In 2006, Calumet County adopted the 2007-2011 Land & Water Resource Management Plan. A LWRM plan serves as a strategic plan for county governments, giving directions to their land and water conservation efforts. It summarizes county land and water resource conditions, identifies resource concerns and outlines strategies for addressing those concerns. The LWRM plan identified four goals for Calumet County: 1. Improve and protect groundwater quality; 2. Improve and protect surface water quality; 3. Improve and protect soil quality, and; 4. Improve and protect habitat quality.The staff of the Calumet County Land Conservation Department prepared and adopted the Soil Erosion Control Plan in 1986. That plan was updated and renamed the Land and Water Resource Management Plan in March of 1999. The overall goal of the plan is to “restore, improve and protect ecological diversity and quality and to promote the beneficial uses of its land, water and related resources”.
Water Quality in the Lake Winnebago Pool
Water Quality in the Lake Winnebago Pool is a report prepared by the WDNR in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin Extension and the Poygan Sportsmen’s Club. The report provides information regarding the status and possible trends in water quality on Lakes Winnebago, Butte des Morts, Winneconne, and Poygan. The Winnebago Pool covers nearly 160,000 acres and is one of Wisconsin’s most renowned natural features.
Additional county plans include the following:
Groundwater, An Inventory of Wells and Contamination Potential within the Silurian Aquifer of Calumet County, 1983
Solid Waste Management Plan, 1980
Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-46 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Calumet County Comprehensive Planning Program, Comprehensive Sewer and Water Facilities Plan, 1975
Calumet County All-Hazards Mitigation Plan, 2006
Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Foth Infrastructure & Environment, LLC 9-47 Adopted May 2007, Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Appendix A
Utilities and Community Facilities This page intentionally left blank. Utilities and Community Facilities Appendix
Churches and Cemeteries Town of Brillion Zion Lutheran Methodist Church and Cemetery, N8893 Church St., Forest Junction Brillion Bluffs Cemetery, at the southwest intersection of County Highways K and PP Holy Family Saint Mary’s Catholic Church and Cemetery, north of State Highway 10, east of County Highway PP Brillion Township Cemetery, Brillion Village Cemetery, and the old Trinity Lutheran Cemetery, all south of the City of Brillion, west of County Highway PP Local Calumet County church and cemetery Brillion Community Cemetery and the new Trinity Lutheran Cemetery, both south of the City of Brillion, east of County Highway PP Forest Homes Cemetery
Town of Brothertown Holy Trinity Catholic Church and Cemetery, at the intersection of County Highways C and H, Jericho St. Charles Church and Cemetery, Charlesburg Dick Family Cemetery, on the west side of Lake Shore Road, south of Ecker Lakeland Road Brothertown Union Cemetery, on the east side of Lake Shore Road Road, south of Driftwood Beach Road Morrill Family Cemetery, north side of County Highway H, west of County Highway C
Town of Charlestown Saint Martin’s Catholic Church and Cemetery, County Highway T Gravesville Union Cemetery, Irish Road Hayton Hillside Cemetery, Weeks Road
Town of Chilton Portland Church and Cemetery, located on County Highway E, approximately one mile west of County Highway BB St. Luke’s Lutheran Church and Cemetery, located on Killsnake Road, approximately one half mile east of County Highway BB St. Augustine’s Catholic Cemetery, located on Court Road, almost one mile east of County Highway BB Chilton Hillside Cemetery and St. Mary’s Catholic Cemetery, both located on the east side of State Highway 57, just north of the City of Chilton
L:\Comm-Plan\Staff\Dena\Adopted Smart Growth Plan\Inventory and Trends Report\Proposed Amendments\Appendix A - Local UCF.docJ:\scopes\03C011\Reports\Inventory and Trends Report\Final Inventory and Trends Report\Appendix A - Local UCF.doc Town of Harrison Mansfield Family Cemetery Sacred Heart Catholic Church Cemetery Mount Calvary Lutheran Church Christ the Rock
Town of New Holstein New Holstein Community Cemetery, a non-denominational cemetery, is located east of County Highway A, on the south side of Fur Farm Road St. Anna Catholic Church and Cemetery, School Street, St. Anna Gloria-Dei Lutheran Church, located along State Highway 57
Town of Rantoul Peace and EvangelicalFaith United Methodist Church Cemetery, Riverview Road German Free Cemetery, at the intersection of County Highways JJ and PP Trinity Lutheran Church and Cemetery, Trinity Road
Town of Stockbridge St. Mary’s Catholic Cemetery, on the north side of Moore Road, north of the Village of Stockbridge German Evangelical Church and Cemetery, south side of Schluchter Road, east of North Tower Road St. Elizabeth Catholic Church and Cemetery, in Kloten on the east side of County Highway C Quinney Cemetery, on the east side of Lake Shore Drive, north of Ecker Lakeland Road Stockbridge Indian Cemetery, on the south side of Moore Road, just north of the Village of Stockbridge Dorn Family Cemetery, southwest intersection of Faro Springs Road and Lake Shore Drive Lakeside Cemetery, on the west side of Lake Shore Drive, south of the Village of Stockbridge Abandoned Family Cemetery (known as the “Sweet” Cemetery), west side of State Highway 55 where it intersects County Highway F Scandinavian Cemetery, on the east side of State Highway 55, just south of the intersection with County Highway EE. However, no evidence of a cemetery remains
Town of Woodville St. John Lutheran Cemetery, intersection of Manitowoc and Military Roads St. John the Baptist Catholic Church and Cemetery, St. John, County Highway BB St. Mary’s Catholic Cemetery, west side of State Highway 57, south of Hilbert St. Peter’s Lutheran Cemetery, east side of McHugh Road, approximately one half mile south of US Highway 114
Village of Hilbert St. Mary’s Catholic of Hilbert St. Peter Lutheran Church Trinity Lutheran Church L:\Comm-Plan\Staff\Dena\Adopted Smart Growth Plan\Inventory and Trends Report\Proposed Amendments\Appendix A - Local UCF.docJ:\scopes\03C011\Reports\Inventory and Trends Report\Final Inventory and Trends Report\Appendix A - Local UCF.doc Village of Potter Peace United Church of Christand Evangelical Church
Village of Sherwood Christ the King Lutheran Church Sacred Heart Catholic Church St. John Sacred Heart Parish High Cliff Cemetery St. John Cemetery Forest Run Pet Cemetery
Village of Stockbridge St. Mary’s Catholic Church Fox Valley Christian Church
City of Appleton Sacred Heart Catholic Church, Village of Eternal Love Lutheran Sherwood Hope Lutheran Brethren
City of Brillion Brillion Community Cemetery Lutheran Cemetery Trinity Lutheran Cemetery Brillion Community Church Brillion United Methodist Church Faith United Methodist Church of Brillion Holy Family Parish Peace United Church of Christ St. Bartholemew Lutheran Church Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church United Methodist Faith Parsonage
City of Chilton Good Shepard Catholic Church St. Martin Lutheran Ebenezer United Church of Christ Faith Alliance Church St. Augustine’s Catholic Cemetery Chilton Hillside Cemetery St. Mary’s Catholic Cemetery
City of Kiel Bethlehem United Church First Baptist Church of Kiel First Presbyterian Church Holy Trinity Parish L:\Comm-Plan\Staff\Dena\Adopted Smart Growth Plan\Inventory and Trends Report\Proposed Amendments\Appendix A - Local UCF.docJ:\scopes\03C011\Reports\Inventory and Trends Report\Final Inventory and Trends Report\Appendix A - Local UCF.doc Jehovah’s Witnesses Kiel Kiel Alliance Church Kiel Jehovah’s Witnesses St. Peter and Paul St. Peter and Paul Catholic Cemetery St. Peter’s United Church Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church Kiel Municipal Cemetery
City of Menasha – None in Calumet County Active Living Ministries Appleton Korean Presbyterian Bethel Evangelical Lutheran Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Evangelical Worship Center Living Word Lutheran Church Our Redeemer Lutheran Church Pentecostals of the Fox Cities St. John’s Menasha St. Mary’s Menasha St. Patrick’s Catholic Church St. Patrick’s Menasha St. Thomas Episcopal Church St. Timothy Lutheran Church Trinity Lutheran Church
City of New Holstein Gloria Dei Lutheran Church Holy Rosary Catholic Holy Rosary Cemetery Jubilee Assembly of God St. John’s United Church of Christ Zion Evangelical Lutheran New Holstein City Cemetery
L:\Comm-Plan\Staff\Dena\Adopted Smart Growth Plan\Inventory and Trends Report\Proposed Amendments\Appendix A - Local UCF.docJ:\scopes\03C011\Reports\Inventory and Trends Report\Final Inventory and Trends Report\Appendix A - Local UCF.doc Appendix B
Existing Land Use Classifications Descriptions This page intentionally left blank. Reduced Coding Scheme A Regional Land Use Methodology v.4 August 15, 2001 AGRICULTURE
Irrigated Cropland Non-irrigated Cropland Barns / Sheds / Outbuildings / Manure Storage Buildings - includes abandoned / destroyed barns, sheds, and land between buildings OTHER OPEN LAND
Open areas that are wet, rocky, or outcrop; open lots in a subdivision or rural parcel; side or back lots on a residential parcel that are not developed, double, "big" lots (> 5 acres) - should be divided and coding accordingly. Note: Areas that are wooded within the parcel should be coded as woodland or if cropped coded agricultural. Pastureland and gamefarm land or included in this category. WATER FEATURES
WATER AREAS - ponds (man-made & natural), lakes, streams, rivers, etc. WOODLANDS
Planted Wood Lots - includes forestry and timber tract operations, silviculture, orchards, & vineyards General Woodlands - includes hedgerows where distinguishable RESIDENTIAL
Residential, vacated, other or unknown Single Family Structures / Duplexes - includes the mowed land surrounding house and Bed & Breakfast Houses Farm Residences, includes mowed yard Mobile Homes Not in Parks, includes mowed yard Accessory Residential Uses / Buildings (ECWRPC CODE) i.e. garages / sheds, includes mowed land surrounding the unit. If the garage is attached to a single family dwelling and is coded 9411 with the house. Resident Halls, Group Quarters, Retirement Homes, Nursing Care Facilities, Religious Quarters, includes parking MOBILE HOME PARKS Apartments, Three or More Households: includes condos, Rooming and Boarding Houses - includes parking and yard COMMERCIAL
Commercial, vacated, other, or unknown
WHOLESALE TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE, DURABLE GOODS - LUMBER, AUTOMOBILE, ELECTRICAL, HARDWARE WHOLESALERS / SUPPLIERS
WHOLESALE TRADE, NONDURABLE GOODS - GROCERY, BEER, WINE, FRUIT, GRAIN, BEAN WHOLESALERS / SUPPLIERS
RETAIL TRADE CAR AND BOAT DEALERS, USED OR NEW, INCLUDES PARTS SALES FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS STORES ELECTRONICS AND APPLIANCE STORES BUILDING MATERIAL AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES DEALERS, HARDWARE STORES GROCERY AND LIQUOR STORES HEALTH AND PERSONAL CARE STORES GASOLINE STATIONS CLOTHING AND CLOTHING ACCESSORIES STORES, SHOE, LUGGAGE, JEWELRY STORES SPORTING GOODS, HOBBY, BOOK AND MUSIC STORES GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES - DEPARTMENT STORES - Multi-Retail, Malls & Strip Malls MISCELLANEOUS STORE RETAILERS - FLORISTS, USED MERCHANDISE STORES, PET STORES, MOBILE HOME MANUF. NONSTORE RETAILERS - CAR WASHES, VIDEO RENTAL STORES COURIERS AND MESSENGERS - LOCAL DELIVERY Greenhouse, Nursery and Floriculture Production (buildings / facilities only) Golf Course Pro shops, Driving Range / Country Clubs (buildings / facilities only) COMMERCIAL
SERVICES SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR CROP & ANIMAL, AND FORESTRY PRODUCTION -Coops, Grain and Feed Storage/Supply PUBLISHING INDUSTRIES - newspaper, software, book, publishers MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND RECORDING INDUSTRIES - Movie Theaters CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATIONS - U.S. Cellular, Cellulink, Einstein INFORMATION SERVICES AND DATA PROCESSING SERVICES BANKS AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REAL ESTATE OFFICES - Century 21, Coldwell Banker INSURANCE AGENCIES AND CARRIERS WASTE MANAGEMENT AND REMEDIATION SERVICES - offices Taxidermists, Veterinary Services/Animal Hospitals ACCOMMODATIONS - Hotels / Motels RESTAURANTS AND DRINKING PLACES Copy Stores, Fed Ex, UPS - Kinkos, Mailboxes Etc. , Travel Agencies REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE - AUTOMOTIVE, BOAT, ELECTRONIC, AG MACHINERY PERSONAL & LAUNDRY SERVICES - Funeral Homes, Dry cleaning, Kennels, Laundromats, Barber Shops SOCIAL ASSISTANCE - Humane Society, Day Care Centers, Dating/Wedding Services, Family Services Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports and Similar Events Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers and Other Public Figures Independent Artists, Writers and Performers
OTHER COMMERCIAL Warehousing and Storage - includes ag warehouses and mini-warehouses Automobile Salvage Yards / Junk Yards INDUSTRIAL
Industrial, vacated, other, or unknown
MINING / QUARRIES Sand, gravel, clay pits; non-metallic and stone quarries.
CONSTRUCTION Contractors: excavating, roofing, siding, plumbing, electrical, highway and street
MANUFACTURING - includes warehousing with factory or mill operation Food, beverage, clothing, leather mills, batch and mixed plants WOOD PRODUCT MANUFACTURING - pallets, plywood, veneer, sawmills PAPER MANUFACTURING PRINTING AND RELATED SUPPORT ACTIVITIES PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PLASTICS AND RUBBER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (facilities only / quarries have sep. codes) PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING - Steel / Aluminum - Foundries FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING - Machine shops, hardware mfg. MACHINERY MANUFACTURING - Ag equipment, engines, turbines, refrigeration mfg. COMPUTER AND ELECTRONIC PRODUCT MANUFACTURING ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, APPLIANCE AND COMPONENT MANUFACTURING TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING - motor vehicle mfg., boat building FURNITURE AND RELATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING - Medical equipment, signs & displays
OTHER INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES TRUCK FACILITIES - Freight trucking, outdoor storage areas for semis, trucks & equip., Docking terminals TRANSPORTATION
Transportation facilities vacated, other, or unknown AIR TRANSPORTATION - Airports, includes support facilities RAIL TRANSPORTATION - includes right of way and railyards SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR TRANSPORTATION - waysides, freight weigh stations, includes bus stations, taxi, limo services, park and ride lots. (carpool lots) HIGHWAYS AND STREET RIGHTS OF WAY UTILITIES
Utilities, vacated, other, or unknown Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution - includes transformers and substations Natural Gas Distribution - substations, designated distribution brokers who sell natural gas. Water Towers / Storage Tanks (ECWRPC CODE) Sewage Treatment Plant (ECWRPC CODE) - includes lift stations Water Treatment and Related Facilities (ECWRPC CODE) - includes pump stations and wells that are designated BROADCASTING AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS - Radio, Telephone, &Television Stations, includes Cell Towers Waste Treatment and Disposal (other wastepiles, industrial settling ponds, etc.) Active Landfills (ECWRPC CODE) Abandoned Landfills (ECWRPC CODE) Recycling facilities (ECWRPC Code) INSTITUTIONAL FACILITIES
INSTITUTIONAL FACILITIES - vacated, other, or unknown Public Libraries EDUCATIONAL SERVICES - Public and Private Schools, Elementary, Middle, and High Schools HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITIES - Colleges, Universities, Professional Schools - Public and Private, Technical and Trade School Facilities, Business / Computer training centers (Athletic fields and resident halls are coded separately where available.) HEALTH CARE SERVICES - Doctor & Dentist Offices, Other Health Care offices HOSPITALS Churches, religious organizations, non-profit agencies, unions Cemeteries and Crematories
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - OTHER GOVERNMENT FACILITIES
City & Town Halls, Community Centers, Post Offices, Police Depts., Fire Stations, Municipal Garages, Jails, Administration of Human Resource Programs, Social Security & Employment Offices, Environmental Quality Programs, Administration of Housing Pgms., Urban Planning & Community Develop., Administration of Economic Programs, Armories and Military Facilities, Other Government Facilities
RECREATIONAL
SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES public and private - Athletic clubs - YMCA; other, or unknown, Designated Fishing and Hunting areas, Trapping areas, fish hatcheries, boat landings Spectator Sports - Baseball Stadiums, Arenas, Race Tracks, Sport Complexes MUSEUMS, HISTORICAL SITES, AND SIMILAR INSTITUTIONS, Nature parks, Nature Preserve Areas, Zoos, Botanical Gardens AMUSEMENT, GAMBLING, AND RECREATION INDUSTRIES - Casinos, amusement parks, Go-Carts, Mini-Golf, Bowling Alleys Golf Courses and Country Clubs (private and public) - includes driving ranges Ski Hills and Facilities Marinas RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Recreational Camps - includes campgrounds and resorts (public and private) Bible Camps
PARKS AND OUTDOOR RECREATION, vacated. Other, or unknown, Site Seeing Areas, Designated Trails GENERAL RECREATION PARKS - includes playground areas, playfields such as ball diamonds, soccer fields, tennis courts, City, State, and County Parks (These may be located within a school, separate recreational uses from school buildings.) FAIRGROUNDS - buildings and facilities included
* Land uses depictable from air photo interpretation with some level of accuracy, no field survey!