Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 78 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2008/mwp078.htm ISBN 978-951-40-2094-0 (PDF) ISBN 978-951-40-2095-7 (paperback) ISSN 1795-150X Facts and Figures of the Barents Forest Sector Elina Välkky, Heidi Nousiainen and Timo Karjalainen www.metla.fi Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 78 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2008/mwp078.htm Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute publishes preliminary research results and conference proceedings. The papers published in the series are not peer-reviewed. The papers are published in pdf format on the Internet. http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/ ISSN 1795-150X Office Unioninkatu 40 A FI-00170 Helsinki tel. +358 10 2111 fax +358 10 211 2101 e-mail [email protected] Publisher Finnish Forest Research Institute Unioninkatu 40 A FI-00170 Helsinki tel. +358 10 2111 fax +358 10 211 2101 e-mail [email protected] http://www.metla.fi/ 2 Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 78 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2008/mwp078.htm Authors Välkky, Elina, Nousiainen, Heidi & Karjalainen, Timo Title Facts and Figures of the Barents Forest Sector Year Pages ISBN ISSN 2008 56 978-951-40-2094-0 (PDF) 1795-150X 978-951-40-2095-7 (paperback) Unit / Research programme / Projects Joensuu Research Unit / 7276 Barents Forest Forum Accepted by Leena Paavilainen, Research Director, 14th of May 2008 Abstract Aim of this paper is to present the key facts and figures of the forest sector of the northernmost parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia i.e. so called Barents Region. The paper provides an overview on the forestry and forest industry of the regions and discusses the future development of the forest sector in the Barents Region. Forest area of the Barents region is about 87 million hectares, growing stock approximately 8 billion m3, and annual fellings nearly 48 million m3. About 80% of the forest area and growing stock volume are in the Russian part of the Region. Intensity of forest utilisation is much lower in Russian and Norwegian parts of the Region than in Finland and Sweden. Medium-sized and large-scale companies dominate the forest industry of the Barents Region. Some of the largest pulp and paper producers in Europe are located in the northernmost counties of Finland and Sweden. In general, these countries answer for over 60% of the European Union pulp production, one quarter of paper and cardboard production and over 30% of the production of sawn goods. Also Russian part of the Barents Region is a significant producer of forest industry products: the region produces almost half of the produced pulp in Russia, 45% of paper, over one third of all produced cardboard and 17% of sawn timber. As a renewable resource, forests provide a lot of opportunities for the Northern Europe. However, it requires planning, product development and cooperation between the forest sector actors and other stakeholders to utilise forests to their full potential. In addition to high-grade wood-based products, bioenergy is a future possibility of the Northern Europe. Also non-wood uses of forests can be a significant provider of income in the northern areas. Keywords Barents region, Norwegian forestry, Swedish forestry, Finnish forestry, Russian forestry Available at http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2008/mwp078.htm Replaces Is replaced by Contact information Timo Karjalainen, Finnish Forest Research Institute, P.O. Box 68, FIN-80101 Joensuu. E-mail [email protected] Other information 3 Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 78 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2008/mwp078.htm Contents Foreword........................................................................................................................6 1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................7 2 Barents Region.........................................................................................................8 2.1 Area.....................................................................................................................................8 2.2 Characteristics.....................................................................................................................9 2.3 Population and Cities ........................................................................................................10 2.4 Cooperation in the Barents Region ...................................................................................11 3 Forest Sector of Northern Norway .........................................................................13 3.1 Overview of Northern Norway .........................................................................................13 3.2 Forest Resources ...............................................................................................................13 3.2.1 Forest Area and Volume of the Growing Stock ...................................................13 3.2.2 Structure of the Growing Stock .............................................................................14 3.3 Forest Ownership and Administration......................................................................15 3.4 Nature Conservation and Multiple Use of Forests....................................................16 3.5 Utilisation of Forest Resources.................................................................................18 4 Forest Sector of Northern Sweden.........................................................................19 4.1 Overview of Northern Sweden .........................................................................................19 4.2 Forest Resources ...............................................................................................................20 4.2.1 Forest Area and Volume of the Growing Stock.....................................................20 4.2.2 Structure of the Growing Stock .............................................................................20 4.3 Forest Ownership and Administration ..............................................................................21 4.4 Nature Conservation and Multiple Use of Forests............................................................22 4.5 Wood Harvesting ..............................................................................................................23 4.6 Forest Industry ..................................................................................................................24 4.6.1 Sawmill Industry....................................................................................................24 4.6.2 Chemical Forest Industry.......................................................................................25 5 Forest Sector of Northern Finland..........................................................................27 5.1 Overview of Northern Finland..........................................................................................27 5.2 Forest Resources ...............................................................................................................28 5.2.1 Forest Area and Volume Distribution....................................................................28 5.2.2 Structure of the Growing Stock .............................................................................28 5.3 Forest Ownership and Administration ..............................................................................30 5.4 Nature Conservation and Multiple Use of Forests............................................................31 5.5 Wood Harvesting ..............................................................................................................33 5.6 Forest Industry ..................................................................................................................35 6 Forest Sector in the Russian Part of the Barents Region ....................................37 6.1 Overview of the Russian Part of the Barents Region........................................................37 6.2 Forest Resources ...............................................................................................................38 6.2.1 Forest Area and Volume Distribution....................................................................38 6.2.2 Structure of the Growing Stock .............................................................................38 6.3 Forest Ownership and Administration ..............................................................................40 6.4 Nature Conservation and Multiple Use of Forests............................................................40 6.5 Wood Harvesting ..............................................................................................................42 4 Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 78 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2008/mwp078.htm 6.6 Forest Industry ..................................................................................................................43 6.6.1 Wood Products Industry ........................................................................................43 6.6.2 Pulp and Paper Industry.........................................................................................44 7 Significance of the Forest Sector in the Barents Countries ................................46 7.1 Northern Norway ..............................................................................................................46