DOCSLIB.ORG

A Case Study of Public Participation in the Management of a Contaminated Site in Western Australia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Case Study of Public Participation in the Management of a Contaminated Site in Western Australia Faculty of Humanities Curtin University Sustainable Policy Unit Citizens contesting science: a case study of public participation in the management of a contaminated site in Western Australia Kelly Elizabeth Duckworth A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Curtin University February 2016 Declaration To the best of my knowledge and belief this thesis contains no material previously published by any other person except where due acknowledgment has been made. This thesis contains no material that has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university. Signature: Date: February 2016 ABSTRACT This thesis addresses the problem of involving citizens in regulatory debates rich in the discourse of science. Through a detailed case study of the ANI-Bradken site redevelopment project, the public participatory practices within Western Australian environmental regulatory processes are scrutinised. From the perspective of a community group (the South Fremantle/Hamilton Hill Residents’ Association Inc.) contesting the redevelopment, the thesis examines the barriers to effective public participation using a theoretical framework developed within the sociology of scientific knowledge. The case study of the thesis documents the community group’s attempts to debate critical safety issues associated with a contaminated site redevelopment project near Fremantle, Western Australia (WA). The study draws attention to the influential role of scientific knowledge in environmental management and, specifically, in the management of contaminated sites. It also clarifies how, and why, regulatory authorities utilise scientific knowledge to influence the public participatory processes. The thesis argues that the regulatory application of scientific knowledge influences public participatory processes through two mechanisms. First, in the location of expertise, whereby lay knowledge is devalued when measured against professional expertise. Second, in the translation of research science to regulatory science, whereby uncertainties of knowledge are downplayed to facilitate decision- making, thus negating public debate. The study also examines the role of statutory arrangements in informing the nature of public engagement in the management of contaminated sites. Although Australian regulatory mechanisms endorse public participation in decision-making for contaminated land redevelopment projects, in the WA application statutory mechanisms for inclusion are commonly absent or dysfunctional. The study traces the community group’s reactions to the WA regulatory system in response to redevelopment plans for the ANI- Bradken site. It was observed that in the absence of functional statutory-backed arrangements for citizens to contest scientific i knowledge claims, even where public debate was scientifically framed and expert mediated, the role and nature of public participation was significantly curbed. The thesis concludes by making explicit the challenges inherent in citizen involvement in science-based decision-making and by presenting targets to improve public participation in environmental regulatory processes in WA. These targets for improvement should include provisions for statutory enforcement of precautionary safeguards, legislative changes to the provisions for public participation, alongside the creation of a space where alternative knowledge claims can be assessed for their legitimacy. However, the most critical change must be to the social positioning of science - allowing for knowledge dichotomies to be defeated, and for knowledge itself to be laid open to public scrutiny and to public contestation, to validate any claims to objectivity. ii This thesis is dedicated to the memory of My father James Duckworth 1926-1998 South Fremantle community member and campaigner Loreta McMaster (née Scenna) 1966-2006 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................... I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ VII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................... VIII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... - 2 - 1.1 BACKGROUND: NATURE AND CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM ........................................................ - 2 - 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ............................................................................................................. - 3 - 1.3 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................................... - 4 - 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE........................................................................................................................... - 5 - 1.5 THE CASE STUDY: OVERVIEW ................................................................................................... - 5 - 1.6 NOTES ON SOME TERMS USED ................................................................................................... - 7 - 1.7 THESIS STRUCTURE AND OVERVIEW OF CHAPTERS ................................................................. - 12 - CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODS...................................................................................... - 15 - 2.1 METHOD ................................................................................................................................. - 15 - 2.2 DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS METHODS ......................................................................... - 17 - 2.3 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS, BIAS, AND POSITIONING .............................................................. - 18 - CHAPTER 3: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION UNDER REGULATORY SCIENCE .......................................................... - 22 - 3.1 THE IDEALS OF RESEARCH SCIENCE ........................................................................................ - 24 - 3.1.1 Seeing is believing: empiricist and positivist accounts of objectivity ............................ - 24 - 3.1.2 Popper and Kuhn: falsificationism and normal science ................................................ - 25 - 3.1.3 Partial perspective and the biology of sensory perception ............................................ - 27 - 3.1.4 What are the most reliable methods for science? .......................................................... - 29 - 3.2 THE EXPERT DRIVEN MODEL OF SCIENCE AND ITS PUBLIC POSITIONING .................................. - 30 - 3.2.1 Defining expertise .......................................................................................................... - 30 - 3.2.2 Problematising expertise ............................................................................................... - 32 - 3.3 THE STANDING OF REGULATORY SCIENCE .............................................................................. - 34 - 3.3.1 The regulatory and research science divide: the problem of uncertainty ...................... - 34 - 3.3.2 Risk assessment as an extension of regulatory science .................................................. - 38 - 3.3.3 The application of precautionary context-based risk models under regulatory science - 40 - 3.3.4 Is the peer review system adequate for science decision-making? ................................ - 42 - 3.4 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC DECISION-MAKING ...................................................... - 45 - 3.4.1 The positioning of lay knowledge and public participation in scientific debate ............ - 47 - 3.4.2 The cultural nature of risk in regulatory science ........................................................... - 50 - 3.4.3 The impacts on public participation from the expert-lay divide and the ‘deficit model’ for public understanding of science ............................................................................................. - 53 - 3.4.4 The significance of critical positioning to public participation ..................................... - 55 - 3.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................... - 58 - CHAPTER 4: THE REGULATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES ....................................... - 62 - 4.1 INTERNATIONAL APPROACHES INFORMING THE REGULATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES IN AUSTRALIA .................................................................................................................................. - 63 - 4.1.1 The US approach ........................................................................................................... - 63 - 4.1.2 The UK approach .......................................................................................................... - 66 - 4.1.3 The Australian application ............................................................................................ - 69 - 4.2 THE OVERARCHING STRATEGIES USED IN THE ASSESSMENT OF RISK AT CONTAMINATED SITES IN AUSTRALIA .................................................................................................................................. - 71 - 4.2.1 Using science to define safety and risk .......................................................................... - 72 - 4.2.2 Context-based assessments ...........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Perth Freight Link: Facts and Fiction Prepared by Peter Newman and Philip Jennings for the Beeliar Group – Professors for Environmental Responsibility
    For Release 8 Feb 2017 The Perth Freight Link: Facts and Fiction Prepared by Peter Newman and Philip Jennings for The Beeliar Group – Professors for Environmental Responsibility The supporters of Roe 8 and the Perth Freight Link (PFL) have been spreading misinformation and half truths about the developments. Their aim is to discredit alternatives by the selective use of the facts. This analysis of the Roe 8 and PFL myths provides a more complete picture. Myth 1: The PFL has been on the books for 60 years and no one objected until recently. The PFL was a Prime Minister Abbott “Captain’s Call” presented to the former Transport Minister, Dean Nalder, at a meeting in Canberra in early 2015, along with similar highly controversial roads in Melbourne and Sydney. The Melbourne East-West Link was rejected by the Victorian people at their last election. It is extremely unusual to have a road project proposed by a Commonwealth politician and it has disrupted all planning processes since it was dropped on Perth without any history or warning. The PFL is still a vague proposal and the detailed design has never been released publicly or assessed by the EPA. Roe 8 was included in the Metropolitan Region Scheme in 1963 without any public consultation or environmental impact assessment as part of a ring road bringing traffic to the coast between North Coogee and South Beach and then north to Fremantle. The Cockburn Wetlands Study of 1975 first suggested that the road should not proceed. The first environmental assessment was carried out by the EPA in 1978 and it recommended in its System Six report in 1980 that a new route be found because the proposed route was environmentally unacceptable.
    [Show full text]
  • ECM 5553401 V1 North Coogee Foreshore Management Plan
    NORTH COOGEE FORESHORE MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared by: Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd Document Status Reviewer Approved for Issue Rev. No. Author Name Signature Name Signature Date 1 DK,MW, SB DK 2 DK,MW, SB MW 3 DK,MW, SB AW MW 4 MW DK DK 27/3/07 5 MW DK DK 4/5/07 6 MW 4/5/07 FINAL DRAFT MW DK FINAL MW DK DK 20/11/07 FINAL rev 1 PJ MW MW 19/06/08 FINAL rev 2 PJ MW MW 27/06/08 FINAL rev 3 PJ MW MW 26/03/09 5638-1338-07R March, 2009 Document Set ID: 5553401 Version: 1, Version Date: 03/02/2017 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT FOR: North Coogee Foreshore Management Plan Copyright © 1987-2009 Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd ABN 70 070 128 675 Except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth), the whole or any part of this report may not be reproduced by any process, electronic or otherwise, without the specific written permission of the copyright owner, Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd. This includes microcopying, photocopying or recording of any parts of the report. Neither may the information contained in this report be reproduced, transmitted or stored electronically in any form, such as in a retrieval system, without the specific written permission of Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd. Limitations Statement This report has been exclusively drafted for the needs of STOCKLAND & LANDCORP in conjunction with the CITY OF COCKBURN. No express or implied warranties are made by Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd regarding the research findings and data contained in this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Residential Research
    RESIDENTIAL RESEARCH Greater Perth higher density residential development site sales tallied $213.36 million in the year ending 31 August 2015. Despite a slowdown in residential $20.50 million; both projects being development sites sales across Greater marketed in 2015. Other recent major site In the past year, by value, 64.6% Perth, the construction phase is active sales, with potential for higher density in of Greater Perth development with many projects kicking-off earlier Greater Perth, have been listed in Table 1 sites were sold to foreign than scheduled due to the majority of on page 4. investors. apartments selling off-the-plan in the Inner and Middle Suburbs regions. Over the two years to the end of August 2015, the Inner Suburbs region recorded Foreign investors have a the highest volume of residential proposed $1.32 billion Sales Volume worth of development site sales at $275.79 million, residential developments in the whilst the Perth CBD saw $32.90 million pipeline in WA. Sales turnover of major sites, likely for higher density development in Greater in sales. The Middle Suburbs region, Perth, grew substantially over the three resulted in sales in the order of $147.11 Lone person households are years to 31 August 2014 to stand at million over the same time. projected to have the highest $322.23 million, as shown in Figure 1. growth at 3.0% per annum over However, the twelve months to the end There are significant infrastructure the next twenty years of August 2015, recorded $213.36 million projects currently under construction that worth of transacted sales, reflecting the will greatly benefit not only these regions, weaker buyer sentiment in the wider but the Greater Perth area, including Strong pipeline of committed Perth property market.
    [Show full text]
  • Submission of Form BA20 Notice of Consent to the Department of Housing
    Submission of Form BA20 Notice of Consent to the Department of Housing The following contact details should be used in relation to obtaining written consent from the Department of Housing as the adjoining property owner along a shared property boundary. 1. Where the Department of Housing property is occupied or construction has been completed the attached list of suburbs should be used to identify the Regional Office responsible for that suburb. The Notice of Consent Form BA20 and relevant documentation should be submitted to the Regional Manager using the details provided for that particular office. 2. Where construction has not yet commenced on the Department of Housing property or where construction is still in progress then the Notice of Consent Form BA20 and relevant documentation should be submitted to the Manager Professional Services using the details provided. NOTE – Approval will be delayed if the Notice of Consent Form BA20 and relevant documentation is not submitted to the correct processing area.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Australia
    WESTERN AUSTRALIA LAW AND JUSTICE FOUNDATION COLLABORATIVE PLANNING RESOURCE – JURISDICTIONAL DATA 2015 The Law and Justice Foundation of New South Wales (LJF) Collaborative Planning Resource (CPR) is intended to support the planning of legal assistance services by Australian jurisdictions. In 2015 this resource will be delivered in two parts: The LJF Collaborative Planning Resource – Service Planning (CPR-SP) summarises the research evidence on legal need and access to justice and the implications for planning legal service delivery. The geographical location of legal services, while important, is only one key aspect of planning and delivering effective legal assistance services to those most in need. Recognising the variation between different priority groups and the overlap between them, services can be targeted at identified client groups; timely to client’s experience; appropriate to varying legal need and capability; and joined-up as part of a holistic response. i Service design is likely to vary accordingly. For instance, reaching hard to find groups through other (often non-legal) services with which they have regular contact. The CPR-SP also provides useful information for designing appropriate legal services for specific priority demographic groups: ‘who’ priority clients are, ‘what’ types of services are appropriate to their legal needs and capabilities, and ‘how’ these services might be delivered. The LJF Collaborative Planning Resource – Jurisdictional Data (CPR-JD) brings together three sets of information relevant to making decisions about legal assistance provision: • The geographic distribution of the Commonwealth’s priority groups for services • The prevalence of experiencing legal problems for each priority group • The geographic distribution of those most likely to be in need of legal assistance services for financial or other reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Package for Applicants Strategic Planning Services
    Information Package for Applicants Strategic Planning Services Further information: call Carol Catherwood on 9411 3598 email [email protected] Acknowledgement of Country The City of Cockburn acknowledges the Nyungar people who are the traditional custodians of this land. We pay respect to the Nyungar Elders past, present and future and extend that respect to all Aboriginal Australians. About the City of Cockburn The City of Cockburn is home to some of Western Australia's best wetlands, major tourism attractions, growing communities and leisure and recreational activities. There are many things to see and do and the City offers visitors and residents a supreme quality of life. Stunning coastline The City is home to coastal communities near protected and pristine beaches. These areas offer residents a laid-back lifestyle. Port Coogee is an idyllic harbour in one of Perth’s newest seaside communities. Coogee Beach and the Woodman Point recreation reserve house a range of leisure activities. Visitors can enjoy fishing, boating, kite-surfing, camping and hiking. The Australian Marine Complex (AMC) in Henderson is Western Australia’s largest ship-building centre. The AMC services the oil and gas, mining and resource sectors. Pristine wetlands Two chains of wetlands run north-south through the City as part of the Beeliar Regional Park. These areas provide habitat for local flora and fauna and are a natural oasis within Cockburn. Many of the wetland areas have walking and cycling trails, BBQs, public amenities and playgrounds. Bibra Lake Regional Playground (pictured left) offers children a unique nature play facility. The playground contains Aboriginal story- telling and has disability access.
    [Show full text]
  • SUBURB BAILIFF PREFER'd DIST AMOUNT COURT KM Rate Per Kilometre 2.45 ALFRED COVE Fremantle Fre 8 19.60 ALEXANDER HEIGHTS
    SUBURB BAILIFF PREFER'D DIST AMOUNT COURT KM Rate Per Kilometre 2.45 ALFRED COVE Fremantle Fre 8 19.60 ALEXANDER HEIGHTS Joondalup Joo 16 39.20 ALKIMOS Joondalup Joo 14 34.30 AMARILLO Rockingham R/Ham 20 49.00 AMELIA HEIGHTS Perth Per 12 29.40 ANKETELL Rockingham R/Ham 18 44.10 APPLECROSS Fremantle Per 11 26.95 ARALUEN Armadale Arm 17 41.65 ARDROSS Fremantle Per 10 24.50 ARMADALE Armadale Arm 12 29.40 ASCOT Midland Per 13 31.85 ASHBY Joondalup Joo 12 29.40 ASHENDON Armadale Arm 33 80.85 ASHFIELD Midland Mid 8 19.60 ATTADALE Fremantle Fre 7 17.15 ATWELL Fremantle Fre 10 24.50 AUBIN GROVE Fremantle Fre 17 41.65 AVELEY Midland Mid 20 49.00 BALCATTA Perth Per 10 24.50 BALDIVIS Rockingham R/Ham 16 39.20 BALGA Perth Per 12 29.40 BALLAJURA Midland Mid 16 39.20 BANJUP Fremantle Arm 17 41.65 BANKSIA GROVE Joondalup Joo 10 24.50 BARTON’S MILL Midland Mid 39 95.55 BASKERVILLE Midland Mid 13 31.85 BASSENDEAN Midland Mid 6 14.70 SUBURB BAILIFF PREFER'D DIST AMOUNT COURT KM Rate Per Kilometre 2.45 BATEMAN Fremantle Fre 12 29.40 BAYSWATER Midland Per 13 31.85 BEACONSFIELD Fremantle Fre 3 7.35 BECKENHAM Armadale Per 6 14.70 BEDFORD Perth Per 6 14.70 BEDFORDALE Armadale Arm 18 44.10 BEECHBORO Midland Mid 15 36.75 BEECHINA Midland Mid 26 63.70 BEELIAR Fremantle Fre 12 29.40 BELDON Joondalup Joo 6 14.70 BELHUS Midland Mid 13 31.85 BELLEVUE Midland Mid 3 7.35 BELMONT Midland Per 13 31.85 BENNETT SPRINGS Midland Mid 15 36.75 BENTLEY Armadale Per 10 24.50 BERTRAM Rockingham R/Ham 13 31.85 BIBRA LAKE Fremantle Fre 10 24.50 BICKLEY Midland Mid 25 61.25 BICTON
    [Show full text]
  • ECM 9857885 V2 Media Release
    cockburn.wa.gov.au Media Release 15 October 2020 Dogs prohibited at Woodman Point beach from 21 October to protect nesting shorebirds, but more dog-friendly spaces planned Dogs will be prohibited at Woodman Point beach from 21 October, following Cockburn Council’s adoption of the Animal Management and Exercise Plan 2020-2025 (AMEP). Dogs will no longer be allowed at Woodman Point beach from Ammunition Jetty heading south around the Woodman Point headland to where the dog beach begins at Jervoise Bay. The AMEP still enables about 40 per cent of Cockburn’s coast to be accessible to dogs, plus the provision of more off-leash dog exercise areas at large public open spaces, and two new dog parks in the future During preparation of the AMEP, Council requested an independent Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The EIA found that continuing to allow dogs at the beach would adversely impact the area’s nesting shorebirds, including federally protected species that migrate annually from the northern hemisphere. The EIA found making the beach a ‘no dog’ area would provide a safe refuge with conservation benefits for vulnerable Fairy Terns, shorebirds, seabirds and other native species. Extensive public consultation during the Plan’s preparation also found the community overwhelmingly objected to the Woodman Point beach being accessible to dogs, due to concerns for the area’s shorebirds. A proposal for the beach to be accessible to dogs was also rejected by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Birdlife Australia, the Conservation Council of WA, Native ARC Inc, the Department of Local Government, Sport & Cultural Industries, and the Woodman Point Regional Park Community Advisory Committee.
    [Show full text]
  • A Journey Towards Facilitating Multiple-Use of Cockburn Sound and Owen Anchorage Stage One Parts I, II And
    A journey towards facilitating Multiple-use of Cockburn Sound and Owen Anchorage Stage One Parts I, II and III Background paper for the Cockburn Sound Management Council Prepared in consultation with the Multiple-use Support Team 2009 ISBN 1 921094 18 4 A Journey towards Facilitating Multiple-use of Cockburn Sound and Owen Anchorage Stage One Parts I, II and III Background Paper for the Cockburn Sound Management Council Initiated by Barb Green Prepared and developed by Barb Green, Geoff Botting, Dr Tom Rose and Officers of the Cockburn Sound Management Council – Department of Environment and Conservation for the Cockburn Sound Management Council Shop 1/ 15 Railway Terrace Rockingham Beach WA 6168 In consultation with the Cockburn Sound Management Council’s Multiple-use Support Team Dr Tom Rose – Council Coordinator Professor Kateryna Longley – Chair Mr Keith Tocas – Recreational Fishing Representative Mr John Smedley – Recreational Boating Representative Mr Bart Houwen – Community Representative Mr Gino Valenti – Fremantle Ports Representative Mr Andrew Hill – Department of Fisheries Representative Mr Tim Bray (in Andrew Hill’s absence) Mr Ian Briggs – Department of Industry and Resources Representative Dr John Keesing – CSIRO Marine Representative Dr Rod Lukatelich – Kwinana Industries Council Representatives and Mr Milan Vicentic – GIS Coordinator, Department of Environment and Conservation Mr Chris Coffey – Environment Officer, Cockburn Sound Management Council Ms Jessica Davis – Environment Officer, Cockburn Sound Management Council
    [Show full text]
  • Inquiry Into the Port Coogee Development
    PUBLIC ACCOUNTS COMMITTEE INQUIRY INTO THE PORT COOGEE DEVELOPMENT Report No. 6 36th Parliament 2003 PUBLIC ACCOUNTS COMMITTEE Published by the Legislative Assembly, Parliament of Western Australia, Perth, December 2003. Printed by the Government Printer, State Law Publisher, Western Australia. Public Accounts Committee Inquiry into the Port Coogee Development ISBN: 1 920830 20 0 (Series: Western Australia. Parliament. Legislative Assembly. Committees. Public Accounts Committee. Report 6) 328.365 Copies available from: State Law Publisher 10 William Street PERTH WA 6000 Telephone: (08) 9321 7688 Facsimile: (08) 9321 7536 Email: [email protected] Copies available on-line: www.parliament.wa.gov.au PUBLIC ACCOUNTS COMMITTEE INQUIRY INTO THE PORT COOGEE DEVELOPMENT Report No. 6 Presented by: Mr J.B. D'Orazio, MLA Laid on the Table of the Legislative Assembly on 4 December 2003 PUBLIC ACCOUNTS COMMITTEE COMMITTEE MEMBERS Chairman Mr J.B. D'Orazio, MLA Member for Ballajura Deputy Chairman Mr M.G. House, MLA Member for Stirling Members Mr J.L. Bradshaw, MLA Member for Murray-Wellington Mr A.J. Dean, MLA Member for Bunbury Mr M.P. Whitely, MLA Member for Roleystone (until 30.10.2003) Ms J.A. Radisich, MLA Member for Swan Hills (from 30.10.2003) COMMITTEE STAFF Principal Research Officer Ms Andrea McCallum, BA, B Juris, LL B, LL M Research Officer Mr Simon Kennedy, BA (Hons) COMMITTEE ADDRESS Public Accounts Committee Legislative Assembly Tel: (08) 9222 7494 Parliament House Fax: (08) 9222 7804 Harvest Terrace Email: [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • 2004–05 Budget
    2004–05 BUDGET BUDGET STATEMENTS Volume 3 PRESENTED TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY ON 6 MAY 2004 Budget Paper No.2 2004–05 Budget Statements (Budget Paper No. 2 Volume 3) © Government of Western Australia Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced, with appropriate acknowledgement, as permitted under the Copyright Act. For further information please contact: Department of Treasury and Finance 197 St George’s Terrace Perth WA 6000 Telephone:+61 8 9222 9222 Facsimile: +61 8 9222 9117 Website: http://ourstatebudget.wa.gov.au Published May 2004 John A. Strijk, Government Printer ISSN 1448–2630 BUDGET 2004-05 BUDGET STATEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume Page Chapter 1: Consolidated Fund Expenditure Estimates ............... 1 1 Chapter 2: Net Appropriation Determinations ............................ 1 23 Chapter 3: Agency Information in Support of the Estimates ...... 1 33 PART 1 – PARLIAMENT Parliament .......................................................................................... 1 37 Parliamentary Commissioner for Administrative Investigations ....... 1 54 PART 2 - PREMIER; MINISTER FOR PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT; FEDERAL AFFAIRS; SCIENCE; CITIZENSHIP AND MULTICULTURAL INTERESTS Premier and Cabinet........................................................................... 1 67 Royal Commission Into Whether There Has Been Any Corrupt or Criminal Conduct by Western Australian Police Officers ........... 1 106 Anti-Corruption Commission............................................................. 1 110 Governor's Establishment..................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Representing Ecological Threats and Negotiating Green Built Environment
    School of Media, Culture and Creative Arts Representing ecological threats and negotiating green built environment Thor Antony Kerr This thesis is presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Curtin University May 2012 Declaration To the best of my knowledge and belief this thesis contains no material previously published by any other person except where due acknowledgement has been made. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any degree or diploma in any university. Signature: ……………………………………. Date: ……………………………………. Table of Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................... iii Abstract .................................................................................................................. iv Figures and Tables ................................................................................................. vi Abbreviations ......................................................................................................... ix 1 Introduction: Ecological threats & built environments .................................. 1 1.1 Context and research questions................................................................... 1 1.2 Summary of findings .................................................................................. 4 1.3 Research methodology ................................................................................ 6 1.4 Organization of thesis and chapter outlines ...............................................
    [Show full text]