Food and Drug Administration, HHS § 172.515

Home , Dioxolane, Menthyl isovalerate, Veratrole alcohol

Common name Scientific name Limitations

Rhubarb, garden root ...... Rheum rhaponticum L ...... Do. Rhubarb root ...... Rheum officinale Baill., R. palmatum L., or other spp. (excepting R. rhaponticum L.) or hybrids of Rheum grown in China. Roselle ...... Hibiscus sabdariffa L ...... Do. Rosin (colophony) ...... Pinus palustris Mill., and other Pinus spp ...... Do. St. Johnswort leaves, flowers, and caulis ...... Hypericum perforatum L ...... Hypericin-free alcohol dis- tillate form only; in alcoholic beverages only Sandalwood, white (yellow, or East Indian) ... Santalum album L. Sandarac ...... Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl.), Mast ...... In alcoholic beverages only Sarsaparilla ...... Smilax aristolochiaefolia Mill., (Mexican sarsaparilla), S. regelii Killip et Morton (Honduras sarsaparilla), S. febrifuga Kunth (Ecuadorean sarsaparilla), or undetermined Smilax spp. (Ecuadorean or Central American sarsaparilla). Sassafras leaves ...... Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees ...... Safrole free Senna, Alexandria ...... Cassia acutifolia Delile. Serpentaria (Virginia snakeroot) ...... Aristolochia serpentaria L ...... In alcoholic beverages only Simaruba bark ...... Simaruba amara Aubl ...... Do. Snakeroot, Canadian (wild ginger) ...... Asarum canadense L. Spruce needles and twigs ...... Picea glauca (Moench) Voss or P. mariana (Mill.) BSP. Storax (styrax) ...... Liquidambar orientalis Mill. or L. styraciflua L. Tagetes (marigold) ...... Tagetes patula L., T. erecta L., or T. minuta L. (T. As oil only glandulifera Schrank). Tansy ...... Tanacetum vulgare L ...... In alcoholic beverages only; finished alcoholic beverage thujone free1 Thistle, blessed (holy thistle) ...... Onicus benedictus L ...... In alcoholic beverages only Thymus capitatus (Spanish ‘‘origanum’’) ...... Thymus capitatus Hoffmg. et Link. Tolu ...... Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms. Turpentine ...... Pinus palustris Mill. and other Pinus spp. which yield terpene oils exclusively. Valerian rhizome and roots ...... Valeriana officinalis L. Veronica ...... Veronica officinalis L ...... Do. Vervain, European ...... Verbena officinalis L ...... Do. Vetiver ...... Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf ...... Do. Violet, Swiss ...... Viola calcarata L. Walnut husks (hulls), leaves, and green nuts Juglans nigra L. or J. regia L. Woodruff, sweet ...... Asperula odorata L ...... In alcoholic beverages only Yarrow ...... Achillea millefolium L ...... In beverages only; finished beverage thujone free1 Yerba santa ...... Eriodictyon californicum (Hook, et Arn.) Torr. Yucca, Joshua-tree ...... Yucca brevifolia Engelm. Yucca, Mohave ...... Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies (Y. mohavensis Sarg.). 1 As determined by using the method (or, in other than alcoholic beverages, a suitable adaptation thereof) in section 9.129 of the ‘‘Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists,’’ 13th Ed. (1980), which is incorporated by ref- erence. Copies may be obtained from the AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 481 North Frederick Ave., suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, or may be examined at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202–741–6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federallregister/codeloflfederallregulations/ ibrllocations.html.

[42 FR 14491, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 14644, Apr. 7, 1978; 49 FR 10104, Mar. 19, 1984; 54 FR 24897, June 12, 1989; 69 FR 24511, May 4, 2004]

§ 172.515 Synthetic flavoring sub- (a) They are used in the minimum stances and adjuvants. quantity required to produce their in- Synthetic flavoring substances and tended effect, and otherwise in accord- adjuvants may be safely used in food in ance with all the principles of good accordance with the following condi- manufacturing practice. tions. (b) They consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination

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with flavoring substances and adju- Benzyl acetoacetate. vants generally recognized as safe in Benzyl alcohol. food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or Benzyl benzoate. Benzyl butyl ether. regulated by an appropriate section in Benzyl butyrate. this part. Benzyl cinnamate. Acetal; acetaldehyde diethyl acetal. Benzyl 2,3–dimethylcrotonate; benzyl methyl Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal. tiglate. Acetanisole; 4′-methoxyacetophenone. Benzyl disulfide; dibenzyl disulfide. Acetophenone; methyl phenyl ketone. Benzyl ethyl ether. Allyl anthranilate. Benzyl formate. Allyl butyrate. 3-Benzyl-4-heptanone; benzyl dipropyl ke- Allyl cinnamate. tone. Allyl cyclohexaneacetate. Benzyl isobutyrate. Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate. Benzyl isovalerate. Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate. Benzyl mercaptan; a-toluenethiol. Allyl cyclohexaneproprionate. Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal; acetaldehyde Allyl cyclohexanevalerate. benzyl b-methoxyethyl acetal. Allyl disulfide. Benzyl phenylacetate. Allyl 2-ethylbutyrate. Benzyl propionate. Allyl hexanoate; allyl caproate. Benzyl salicylate. Allyl a-ionone; 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclo-hex- Birch tar oil. ene-1-yl)-1,6-heptadiene-3-one. Borneol; d-camphanol. Allyl isothiocyanate; mustard oil. Bornyl acetate. Allyl isovalerate. Bornyl formate. Allyl mercaptan; 2-propene-1-thiol. Bornyl isovalerate. Allyl nonanoate. Bornyl valerate. Allyl octanoate. b-Bourbonene; 1,2,3,3a,3bb,4,5,6,6ab,6ba-deca- Allyl phenoxyacetate. hydro-la-isopropyl-3aa-methyl-6-meth- Allyl phenylacetate. ylene-cyclobuta [1,2:3,4] dicyclopentene. Allyl propionate. 2-Butanol. Allyl sorbate; allyl 2,4-hexadienoate. 2-Butanone; methyl ethyl ketone. Allyl sulfide. Butter acids. Allyl tiglate; allyl trans-2-methyl-2- Butter esters. butenoate. Butyl acetate. Allyl 10-undecenoate. Butyl acetoacetate. Ammonium isovalerate. Butyl alcohol; 1-butanol. Ammonium sulfide. Butyl anthranilate. Amyl alcohol; pentyl alcohol. Butyl butyrate. Amyl butyrate. Butyl butyryllactate; lactic acid, butyl a-Amylcinnamaldehyde. ester, butyrate. a-Amylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal. a-Butylcinnamaldehyde. a-Amylcinnamyl acetate. Butyl cinnamate. a-Amylcinnamyl alcohol. Butyl 2-decenoate. a-Amylcinnamyl formate. Butyl ethyl malonate. a-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate. Butyl formate. Amyl formate. Butyl heptanoate. Amyl heptanoate. Butyl hexanoate. Amyl hexanoate. Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate. Amyl octanoate. Butyl isobutyrate. Anisole; methoxybenzene. Butyl isovalerate. Anisyl acetate. Butyl lactate. Anisyl alcohol; p-methoxybenzyl alcohol. Butyl laurate. Anisyl butyrate Butyl levulinate. Anisyl formate. Butyl phenylacetate. Anisyl phenylacetate. Butyl propionate. Anisyl propionate. Butyl stearate. Beechwood creosote. Butyl sulfide. Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal. Butyl 10-undecenoate. Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; 2-phenyl-m-di- Butyl valerate. oxan-5-ol. Butyraldehyde. Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; 4- Cadinene. methyl-2-phenyl-m-dioxolane. Camphene; 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylene- Benzenethiol; thiophenol. norbornane. Benzoin; 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone. d-Camphor. Benzophenone; diphenylketone. Carvacrol; 2-p-cymenol. Benzyl acetate. Carvacryl ethyl ether; 2-ethoxy-p-cymene.

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Carveol; p-mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol. Decyl propionate. 4-Carvomenthenol; 1-p-menthen-4-ol; 4- Dibenzyl ether. terpinenol. 4,4-Dibutyl-g-butyrolactone; 4,4-dibutyl-4-hy- cis Carvone oxide; 1,6-epoxy-p-menth-8-en-2- droxy-butyric acid, g-lactone. one. Dibutyl sebacate. Carvyl acetate. Diethyl malate. Carvyl propionate. Diethyl malonate; ethyl malonate. b-Caryophyllene. Diethyl sebacate. Caryophyllene alcohol. Diethyl succinate. Caryophyllene alcohol acetate. Diethyl tartrate. b-Caryophyllene oxide; 4-12,12-trimethyl-9- 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran. methylene-5-oxatricylo [8.2.0.0 4,6] dode- Dihydrocarveol; 8-p-menthen-2-ol; 6-methyl- cane. 3-isopropenylcyclohexanol. Cedarwood oil alcohols. Dihydrocarvone. Cedarwood oil terpenes. Dihydrocarvyl acetate. 1,4-Cineole. m-Dimethoxybenzene. Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal. p-Dimethoxybenzene; dimethyl hydro- Cinnamic acid. quinone. Cinnamyl acetate. 2,4-Dimethylacetophenone. Cinnamyl alcohol; 3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol. a,a-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate; phenyldi- Cinnamyl benzoate. methylcarbinyl isobutyrate. Cinnamyl butyrate. 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal. Cinnamyl cinnamate. 2,6-Dimethyl octanal; isodecylaldehyde. Cinnamyl formate. 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol; tetrahydrogeraniol. Cinnamyl isobutyrate. a,a-Dimethylphenethyl acetate; benzyl- Cinnamyl isovalerate. propyl acetate; benzyldimethylcarbinyl ac- Cinnamyl phenylacetate. etate. Cinnamyl propionate. a,a-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol; dimethyl- Citral diethyl acetal; 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octa- benzyl carbinol. dienal diethyl acetal. a,a-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate; benzyl- Citral dimethyl acetal; 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octa- dimethylcarbinyl butyrate. dienal dimethyl acetal. a,a-Dimethylphenethyl formate; benzyldi- Citral propylene glycol acetal. methylcarbinyl formate. Citronellal; 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal; rhodinal. Dimethyl succinate. Citronellol; 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol; d-cit- 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone; dibenzyl ketone. ronellol. delta-Dodecalactone; 5-hydroxydodecanoic Citronelloxyacetaldehyde. acid, deltalactone. Citronellyl acetate. g-Dodecalactone; 4-hydroxydodecanoic acid g- Citronellyl butyrate. lactone. Citronellyl formate. 2-Dodecenal. Citronellyl isobutyrate. Estragole. Citronellyl phenylacetate. r-Ethoxybenzaldehyde. Citronellyl propionate. Ethyl acetoacetate. Citronellyl valerate. Ethyl 2-acetyl-3-phenylpropionate; ethyl- p-Cresol. benzyl acetoacetate. Cuminaldehyde; cuminal; p-isopropyl benz- Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters. aldehyde. Ethyl acrylate. Cyclohexaneacetic acid. Ethyl r-anisate. Cyclohexaneethyl acetate. Ethyl anthranilate. Cyclohexyl acetate. Ethyl benzoate. Cyclohexyl anthranilate. Ethyl benzoylacetate. Cyclohexyl butyrate. a-Ethylbenzyl butyrate; a-phenylpropyl bu- Cyclohexyl cinnamate. tyrate. Cyclohexyl formate. Ethyl brassylate; tridecanedioic acid cyclic Cyclohexyl isovalerate. ethylene glycol diester; cyclo 1,13-ethyl- Cyclohexyl propionate. enedioxytridecan-1,13-dione. p-Cymene. 2-Ethylbutyl acetate. g-Decalactone; 4-hydroxy-decanoic acid, g- 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde. lactone. 2-Ethylbutyric acid. g-Decalactone; 5-hydroxy-decanoic acid, d- Ethyl cinnamate. lactone. Ethyl crotonate; trans-2-butenoic acid ethyl- Decanal dimethyl acetal. ester. 1-Decanol; decylic alcohol. Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate. 2-Decenal. Ethyl decanoate. 3-Decen-2-one; heptylidene acetone. 2-Ethylfuran. Decyl actate. Ethyl 2-furanpropionate. Decyl butyrate. 4-Ethylguaiacol; 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol.

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Ethyl heptanoate. g-Heptalactone; 4-hydroxyheptanoic acid, g- 2-Ethyl-2-heptenal; 2-ethyl-3-butylacrolein. lactone. Ethyl hexanoate. Heptanal; enanthaldehyde. Ethyl isobutyrate. Heptanal dimethyl acetal. Ethyl isovalerate. Heptanal 1,2-glyceryl acetal. Ethyl lactate. 2,3-Heptanedione; acetyl valeryl. Ethyl laurate. 3-Heptanol. Ethyl levulinate. 2-Heptanone; methyl amyl ketone. Ethyl maltol; 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4- 3-Heptanone; ethyl butyl ketone. one. 4-Heptanone; dipropyl ketone. Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate. cis-4-Heptenal; cis-4-hepten-1-al. Ethyl myristate. Heptyl acetate. Ethyl nitrite. Heptyl alcohol; enanthic alcohol. Ethyl nonanoate. Heptyl butyrate. Ethyl 2-nonynoate; ethyl octyne carbonate. Heptyl cinnamate. Ethyl octanoate. Heptyl formate. Ethyl oleate. Heptyl isobutyrate. Ethyl phenylacetate. Heptyl octanoate. Ethyl 4-phenylbutyrate. 1-Hexadecanol; cetyl alcohol. Ethyl 3-phenylglycidate. w-6-Hexadecenlactone; 16-hydroxy-6- Ethyl 3-phenylpropionate; ethyl hydro- hexadecenoic acid, w-lactone; cinnamate. ambrettolide. Ethyl propionate. g-Hexalactone; 4-hydroxyhexanoic acid, g-lac- Ethyl pyruvate. tone; tonkalide. Ethyl salicylate. Hexanal; caproic aldehyde. Ethyl sorbate; ethyl 2,4-hexadienoate. 2,3-Hexanedione; acetyl butyryl. Ethyl tiglate; ethyl trans-2-methyl-2- Hexanoic acid; caproic acid. butenoate. 2-Hexenal. Ethyl undecanoate. 2-Hexen-1-ol. Ethyl 10-undecenoate. 3-Hexen-1-ol; leaf alcohol. Ethyl valerate. 2-Hexen-1-yl acetate. Eucalyptol; 1,8-epoxy-p-menthane; cineole. 3-Hexenyl isovalerate. Eugenyl acetate. 3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate. Eugenyl benzoate. 3-Hexenyl phenylacetate; cis-3-hexenyl phen- Eugenyl formate. ylacetate. Eugenyl methyl ether; 4-allylveratrole; Hexyl acetate. methyl eugenol. 2-Hexyl-4-acetoxytetrahydrofuran. Farnesol; 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien- Hexyl alcohol. 1-ol. Hexyl butyrate. d-Fenchone; d-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-nor- a-Hexylcinnamaldehyde. bornanone. Hexyl formate. Fenchyl alcohol; 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-nor- Hexyl hexanoate. bornanol. 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone. Formic acid Hexyl isovalerate. (2-Furyl)-2-propanone; furyl acetone. Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate. 1-Furyl-2-propanone; furyl acetone. Hexyl octanoate. Fusel oil, refined (mixed amyl alcohols). Hexyl phenylacetate; n-hexyl phenylacetate. Geranyl acetoacetate; trans-3,7-dimethyl-2, 6- Hexyl propionate. octadien-1-yl acetoacetate. Hydroxycitronellal; 3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy- Geranyl acetone; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9- octanal. undecadien-2-one. Hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal. Geranyl benzoate. Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal. Geranyl butyrate. Hydroxycitronellol; 3,7-dimethyl-1,7- Geranyl formate. octanediol. Geranyl hexanoate N-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-nonanamide; Geranyl isobutyrate. pelargonyl vanillylamide. Geranyl isovalerate. 5-Hydroxy-4-octanone; butyroin. Geranyl phenylacetate. 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone; p-hydroxy- Geranyl propionate. benzyl acetone. Glucose pentaacetate. Indole. Guaiacol; µ-methoxyphenol. a-Ionone; 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1- Guaiacyl acetate; µ-methoxyphenyl acetate. yl)-3-buten-2-one. Guaiacyl phenylacetate. b-Ionone; 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- Guaiene; 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropenyl-D9,10- yl)-3-buten-2-one. octahydroazulene. a-Irone; 4-(2,5,6,6-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexene- Guaiol acetate; 1,4-dimethyl-7-(a-hydroxy- 1-yl)-3-buten-2-one; 6-methylionone. isopropyl)-d9,10-octahydroazulene acetate. Isoamyl acetate. 60

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Isoamyl acetoacetate. Isopropyl benzoate. Isoamyl alcohol; isopentyl alcohol; 3-methyl- r-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol; cuminic alcohol; 1-butanol. r-cymen-7-ol. Isoamyl benzoate. Isopropyl butyrate. Isoamyl butyrate. Isopropyl cinnamate. Isoamyl cinnamate. Isopropyl formate. Isoamyl formate. Isopropyl hexanoate. Isoamyl 2-furanbutyrate; a-isoamyl furfuryl- Isopropyl isobutyrate. propionate. Isopropyl isovalerate. Isoamyl 2-furanpropionate; a-isoamyl fur- r-Isopropylphenylacetaldehyde; r-cymen-7- furylacetate. carboxaldehyde. Isoamyl hexanoate. Isopropyl phenylacetate. Isoamyl isobutyrate. 3-(r-Isopropylphenyl)-propionaldehyde; r-iso- Isoamyl isovalerate. propylhydrocinnamaldehyde; cuminyl ac- Isoamyl laurate. etaldehyde. Isoamyl-2-methylbutyrate; isopentyl-2- Isopropyl propionate. methylbutyrate. Isopulegol; p-menth-8-en-3-ol. Isoamyl nonanoate. Isopulegone; p-menth-8-en-3-one. Isoamyl octanoate. Isopulegyl acetate. Isoamyl phenylacetate. Isoquinoline. Isoamyl propionate. Isovaleric acid. Isoamyl pyruvate. cis-Jasmone; 3-methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclo- Isoamyl salicylate. penten-1-one. Isoborneol. Lauric aldehyde; dodecanal. Isobornyl acetate. Lauryl acetate. Isobornyl formate. Lauryl alcohol; 1-dodecanol. Isobornyl isovalerate. Lepidine; 4-methylquinoline. Isobornyl propionate. Isobutyl acetate. Levulinic acid. Isobutyl acetoacetate. Linalool oxide; cis- and trans-2-vinyl-2-meth- ′ ′ Isobutyl alcohol. yl-5-(1 -hydroxy-1 -methylethyl) tetra- Isobutyl angelate; isobutyl cis-2-methyl-2- hydrofuran. butenoate. Linalyl anthranilate; 3,7-dimethyl-1,6- Isobutyl anthranilate. octadien-3-yl anthranilate. Isobutyl benzoate. Linalyl benzoate. Isobutyl butyrate. Linalyl butyrate. Isobutyl cinnamate. Linalyl cinnamate. Isobutyl formate. Linalyl formate. Isobutyl 2-furanpropionate. Linalyl hexanoate. Isobutyl heptanoate. Linalyl isobutyrate. Isobutyl hexanoate. Linalyl isovalerate. Isobutyl isobutyrate. Linalyl octanoate. a-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; isobutyl benzyl Linalyl propionate. carbinol; 4-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanol. Maltol; 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one. Isobutyl phenylacetate. Menthadienol; p-mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-ol. Isobutyl propionate. p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol; perillyl alcohol. Isobutyl salicylate. Menthadienyl acetate; p-mentha-1,8(10)-dien- 2-Isobutylthiazole. 9-yl acetate. Isobutyraldehyde. p-Menth-3-en-1-ol. Isobutyric acid. 1-p-Menthen-–9-yl acetate; p-menth-1-en-9-yl Isoeugenol; 2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol. acetate. Isoeugenyl acetate. Menthol; 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol. Isoeugenyl benzyl ether; benzyl isoeugenol. Menthone; p-menthan-3-one. Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; 2-ethoxy-5-propenyl- Menthyl acetate; p-menth-3-yl acetate. anisole; ethyl isoeugenol. Menthyl isovalerate; p-menth-3-yl iso- Isoeugenyl formate. valerate. Isoeugenyl methyl ether; 4-propenyl- o-Methoxybenzaldehyde. veratrole; methyl isoeugenol. p-Methoxybenzaldehyde; p-anisaldehyde. Isoeugenyl phenylacetate. o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde. Isojasmone; mixture of 2-hexylidenecyclo- 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol; 4-methyl- pentanone and 2-hexyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one. guaiacol; 2-methoxy-p-cresol. a-Isomethylionone; 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2- 4-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone; anisyl ace- cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-3-buten-2-one; tone. methyl g-ionone. 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-penten-3- Isopropyl acetate. one; methoxystyryl isopropyl ketone. r-Isopropylacetophenone. 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one; a- Isopropyl alcohol; isopropanol. methylanisylidene acetone; ethone.

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1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone; Methyl myristate. anisylmethyl ketone; anisic ketone. Methyl b-naphthyl ketone; 2′-acetonaph- 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol; p-vinylguaiacol. thone. Methyl acetate. Methyl nonanoate. 4′-Methylacetophenone; p-methylaceto- Methyl 2-nonenoate. phenone; methyl p-tolyl ketone. Methyl 2-nonynoate; methyloctyne car- 2-Methylallyl butyrate; 2-methyl-2-propenl- bonate. yl butyrate. 2-Methyloctanal; methyl hexyl acetaldehyde. Methyl anisate. Methyl octanoate. o-Methylanisole; o-cresyl methyl ether. Methyl 2-octynoate; methyl heptine car- p-Methylanisole; p-cresyl methyl ether; p- bonate. methoxytoluene. 4-Methyl-2,3-pentanedione; acetyl iso- Methyl benzoate. butyryl. Methylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-,m-,p-. 4-Methyl-2-pentanone; methyl isobutyl ke- a-Methylbenzyl acetate; styralyl acetate. tone. a-Methylbenzyl alcohol; styralyl alcohol. b-Methylphenethyl alcohol; hydratropyl al- a-Methylbenzyl butyrate; styralyl butyrate. cohol. a-Methylbenzyl isobutyrate; styralyl iso- Methyl phenylacetate. butyrate. 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one. a-Methylbenzyl formate; styralyl formate. 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate; dimethyl- a-Methylbenzyl propionate; styralyl propio- phenylethyl carbinyl acetate. nate. 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate; 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol. dimethylphenyl ethylcarbinyl isobutyrate. 2-Methylbutyl isovalerate. 3-Methyl-2-phenylbutyraldehyde; a-isopropyl Methyl p-tert-butylphenylacetate. phenylacetaldehyde. 2-Methylbutyraldehyde; methyl ethyl acetal- Methyl 4-phenylbutyrate. dehyde. 4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanone; benzyl iso- 3-Methylbutyraldehyde; isovaleraldehyde. butyl ketone. Methyl butyrate. Methyl 3-phenylpropionate; methyl hydro- 2-Methylbutyric acid. cinnamate. a-Methylcinnamaldehyde. Methyl propionate. p-Methylcinnamaldehyde. 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one. Methyl cinnamate. Methyl sulfide. 2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene. 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde; methional. Methylcyclopentenolone; 3-methylcyclopen- 2-Methyl-3-tolylpropionaldehyde, mixed o-, tane-1,2-dione. m-, p-. Methyl disulfide; dimethyl disulfide. 2-Methylundecanal; methyl nonyl acetal- Methyl ester of rosin, partially hydrogenated dehyde. (as defined in § 172.615); methyl Methyl 9-undecenoate. dihydroabietate. Methyl 2-undecynoate; methyl decyne car- Methyl heptanoate. bonate. 2-Methylheptanoic acid. Methyl valerate. 6-Methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one. 2-Methylvaleric acid. Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol. Myrcene; 7-methyl-3-methylene-1,6-octa- 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one. diene. Methyl hexanoate. Myristaldehyde; tetradecanal. Methyl 2-hexanoate. d-Neomenthol; 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclo- Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; methylparaben. hexanol. Methyl a-ionone; 5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclo- Nerol; cis-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol. hexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3-one. Nerolidol; 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien- Methyl b-ionone; 5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo- 3-ol. hexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3-one. Neryl acetate. Methyl D-ionone; 5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclo- Neryl butyrate. hexen-1-yl-)-4-penten-3-one. Neryl formate. Methyl isobutyrate. Neryl isobutyrate. 2-Methyl-3-(p-isopropylphenyl)-propionalde- Neryl isovalerate. hyde; a-methyl-p-isopropylhydro- Neryl propionate. cinnamaldehyde; cyclamen aldehyde. 2,6-Nonadien-1-ol. Methyl isovalerate. g-Nonalactone; 4-hydroxynonanoic acid, g- Methyl laurate. lactone; aldehyde C–18. Methyl mercaptan; methanethiol. Nonanal; pelargonic aldehyde. Methyl o-methoxybenzoate. 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters. Methyl N-methylanthranilate; dimethyl an- Nonanoic acid; pelargonic acid. thranilate. 2-Nonanone; methylheptyl ketone. Methyl 2-methylbutyrate. 3-Nonanon-1-yl acetate; 1-hydroxy-3- Methyl-3-methylthiopropionate. nonanone acetate. Methyl 4-methylvalerate. Nonyl acetate.

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Nonyl alcohol; 1-nonanol. 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-ol; methyl styryl car- Nonyl octanoate. binol. Nonyl isovalerate. 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one. Nootkatone; 5,6-dimethyl-8-isopropenyl- 4-Phenyl-2-butyl acetate; phenylethyl meth- bicyclo[4,4,0]-dec-1-en-3-one. yl carbinyl acetate. Ocimene; trans-b-ocimene; 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6- 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol; phenylethyl octatriene. methyl ethyl carbinol. g-Octalactone; 4-hydroxyoctanoic acid, g-lac- 1-Phenyl-1-propanol; phenylethyl carbinol. tone. 3-Phenyl-1-propanol; hydrocinnamyl alcohol. Octanal; caprylaldehyde. 2-Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydratropalde- Octanal dimethyl acetal. hyde. 1-Octanol; octyl alcohol. 3-Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydrocinnamal- 2-Octanol. dehyde. 3-Octanol. 2-Phenylpropionalde-hyde dimethyl acetal; 2-Octanone; methyl hexyl ketone. hydratropic aldehyde dimethyl acetal. 3-Octanone; ethyl amyl ketone. 3-Phenylpropionic acid; hydrocinnamic acid. 3-Octanon-1-ol. 3-Phenylpropyl acetate. 1-Octen-3-ol; amyl vinyl carbinol. 2-Phenylpropyl butyrate. 1-Octen-3-yl acetate. 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate. Octyl acetate. 3-Phenylpropyl formate. 3-Octyl acetate. 3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate. Octyl butyrate. 2-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate. Octyl formate. 3-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate. Octyl heptanoate. 3-Phenylpropyl isovalerate. Octyl isobutyrate. 3-Phenylpropyl propionate. Octyl isovalerate. 2-(3-Phenylpropyl)-tetrahydrofuran. Octyl octanoate. a-Pinene; 2-pinene. Octyl phenylacetate. b-Pinene; 2(10)-pinene. Octyl propionate. Pine tar oil. w-Pentadecalactone; 15-hydroxypentadeca- Pinocarveol; 2(10)-pinen-3-ol. noic acid, w-lactone; pentadecanolide; an- Piperidine. gelica lactone. Piperine. 2,3-Pentanedione; acetyl propionyl. d-Piperitone; p-menth-1-en-3-one. 2-Pentanone; methyl propyl ketone. Piperitenone; p-mentha-1,4(8)-dien-3-one. 4-Pentenoic acid. Piperitenone oxide; 1,2-epoxy-p-menth-4-(8)- 1-Penten-3-ol. en-3-one. Perillaldehyde; 4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene- Piperonyl acetate; heliotropyl acetate. 1-carboxaldehyde;p-mentha-1,8-dien-7-al. Piperonyl isobutyrate. Perillyl acetate; p-mentha-1,8-dien-7-yl ace- Polylimonene. tate. Polysorbate 20; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan a-Phellandrene; r-mentha-1,5-diene. monolaurate. Phenethyl acetate. Polysorbate 60; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan Phenethyl alcohol; b-phenylethyl alcohol. monostereate. Phenethyl anthranilate. Polysorbate 80; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan Phenethyl benzoate. monooleate. Phenethyl butyrate. Potassium acetate. Phenethyl cinnamate. Propenylguaethol; 6-ethoxy-m-anol. Phenethyl formate. Propionaldehyde. Phenethyl isobutyrate. Propyl acetate. Phenethyl isovalerate. Propyl alcohol; 1-propanol. Phenethyl 2-methylbutyrate. p-Propyl anisole; dihydroanethole. Phenethyl phenylacetate. Propyl benzoate. Phenethyl propionate. Propyl butyrate. Phenethyl salicylate. Propyl cinnamate. Phenethyl senecioate; phenethyl 3,3-di- Propyl disulfide. methylacrylate. Propyl formate. Phenethyl tiglate. Propyl 2-furanacrylate. Phenoxyacetic acid. Propyl heptanoate. 2-Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate. Propyl hexanoate. Phenylacetaldehyde; a-toluic aldehyde. Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate; propylparaben. Phenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol ace- 3-Propylidenephthalide. tal. Propyl isobutyrate. Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal. Propyl isovalerate. Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal. Propyl mercaptan. Phenylacetic acid; a-toluic acid. a-Propylphenethyl alcohol. 4-Phenyl-2-butanol; phenylethyl methyl car- Propyl phenylacetate. binol. Propyl propionate.

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Pulegone; p-menth-4(8)-en-3-one. 2-Undecanone; methyl nonyl ketone. Pyridine. 9-Undecenal; undecenoic aldehyde. Pyroligneous acid extract. 10-Undecenal. Pyruvaldehyde. Undecen-1-ol; undecylenic alcohol. Pyruvic acid. 10-Undecen-1-yl acetate. Rhodinol; 3,7-dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol; l- citronellol. Undecyl alcohol. Rhodinyl acetate. Valeraldehyde; pentanal. Rhodinyl butyrate. Valeric acid; pentanoic acid. Rhodinyl formate. Vanillin acetate; acetyl vanillin. Rhodinyl isobutyrate. Veratraldehyde. Rhodinyl isovalerate. Verbenol; 2-pinen-4-ol. Rhodinyl phenylacetate. Zingerone; 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2- Rhodinyl propionate. butanone. Rum ether; ethyl oxyhydrate. Salicylaldehyde. (c) D-Decalactone and D- Santalol, a and b. dodecalactone when used separately or Santalyl acetate. in combination in oleomargarine are Santalyl phenylacetate. Skatole. used at levels not to exceed 10 parts per Sorbitan monostearate. million and 20 parts per million, re- Styrene. spectively, in accordance with § 166.110 Sucrose octaacetate. of this chapter. a-Terpinene. (d) BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) g-Terpinene. a-Terpineol; p-menth-1-en-8-ol. may be used as an antioxidant in fla- b-Terpineol. voring substances whereby the additive Terpinolene; p-menth-1,4(8)-diene. does not exceed 0.5 percent of the es- Terpinyl acetate. sential (volatile) oil content of the fla- Terpinyl anthranilate. voring substance. Terpinyl butyrate. Terpinyl cinnamate. [42 FR 14491, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 42 Terpinyl formate. FR 23148, May 6, 1977; 43 FR 19843, May 9, Terpinyl isobutyrate. 1978; 45 FR 22915, Apr. 4, 1980; 47 FR 27810, Terpinyl isovalerate. June 25, 1982; 48 FR 10812, Mar. 15, 1983; 48 FR Terpinyl propionate. 51907, Nov. 15, 1983; 49 FR 5747, Feb. 15, 1984; Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate. 50 FR 42932, Oct. 23, 1985; 54 FR 7402, Feb. 21, Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. 1989; 61 FR 14245, Apr. 1, 1996; 69 FR 24511, Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate. Tetrahydrofurfuryl propionate. May 4, 2004] Tetrahydro-pseudo-ionone; 6,10-dimethyl-9- undecen-2-one. § 172.520 Cocoa with dioctyl sodium Tetrahydrolinalool; 3,7-dimethyloctan-3-ol. sulfosuccinate for manufacturing. Tetramethyl ethylcyclohexenone; mixture of The food additive ‘‘cocoa with dioctyl 5-ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1- sodium sulfosuccinate for manufac- one and 5-ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one. turing,’’ conforming to § 163.117 of this 2-Thienyl mercaptan; 2-thienylthiol. chapter and § 172.810, is used or in- Thymol. tended for use as a flavoring substance Tolualdehyde glyceryl acetal, mixed o, m, p. in dry beverage mixes whereby the Tolualdehydes, mixed o, m, p. amount of dioctyl sodium sulfo- p-Tolylacetaldehyde. o-Tolyl acetate; o-cresyl acetate. succinate does not exceed 75 parts per p-Tolyl acetate; p-cresyl acetate. million of the finished beverage. The 4-(p-Tolyl)-2-butanone; p-methylbenzylace- labeling of the dry beverage mix shall tone. bear adequate directions to assure use p-Tolyl isobutyrate. in compliance with this section. p-Tolyl laurate. p-Tolyl phenylacetate. 2-(p-Tolyl)-propionaldehyde; p-methylhydra- § 172.530 Disodium guanylate. tropic aldehyde. Disodium guanylate may be safely Tributyl acetylcitrate. used as a flavor enhancer in foods, at a 2-Tridecenal. level not in excess of that reasonably 2,3-Undecadione; acetyl nonyryl. g-Undecalactone; 4-hydroxyundecanoic acid required to produce the intended effect. g-lactone; peach aldehyde; aldehyde C–14. Undecenal.

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