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Inhibitory and Killing Activities of Medicinal Plants Against Multiple
Journal of Health Science, 54(1) 81–88 (2008) 81 Inhibitory and Killing Activities of tially purified from both plant species yielded MICs and MBCs that were at least 10-fold less compared Medicinal Plants against Multiple with the crude extracts. From the data obtained, it is Antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter hoped that P. g ranatum and Q. infectoria will become pylori useful sources with which to develop new therapeutic agents for H. pylori infection. ∗,a Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai Key words —— Helicobacter pylori, Punica grana- b and Hazel Mitchell tum, Quercus infectoria,antibacterial activity, medicinal plant aNaturalProducts Research Center and Department of Mi- crobiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Kanchanawanich Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thai- INTRODUCTION land and bTheAustralian Helicobacter Reference Laboratory, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The Uni- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)isaGram- versity of New South Wales, Biological Sciences Building Up- negative spirally shaped bacterium that has been per Kensington Campus. Cnr Botany/High Sts Randwick, Syd- implicated to cause not only gastritis and pep- ney, NSW 2052, Australia tic ulcer disease but also gastric carcinoma and 1–3) (Received September 19, 2007; Accepted November 19, 2007) lymphoma. Unless specifically treated, infection with the gastric pathogen H. pylori is lifelong. In- Multiple antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori fection with this bacterium induces the development (H. pylori), one of the major causes of gastric can- of an active chronic gastritis. While chronic inflam- cer, is now increasingly reported. The aim of this mation is the major outcome of infection, this dis- study was to screen medicinal plants widely used in order often develops into a number of more serious Thailand as possible sources of medicines that can be conditions such as peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gas- used to treat H. -
Elsholtzia (Lamiaceae) in Thailand
Blumea 59, 2015: 209–214 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651915X688696 Elsholtzia (Lamiaceae) in Thailand B. Bongcheewin1, P. Chantaranothai 2, A. Paton3 Key words Abstract The genus Elsholtzia (Lamiaceae) in Thailand is revised in preparation for the Flora of Thailand treat- ment. Eight species are found in Thailand, three of which, E. blanda, E. kachinensis and E. pilosa, are lectotypified. Elsholtzia Elsholtzia griffithii and E. penduliflora are recorded for Thailand for the first time. lectotypification revision Published on 9 July 2015 taxonomy Thailand INTRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY Elsholtzia Willd. belongs to the tribe Elsholtzieae of the subfami- Elsholtzia is mostly found in northern Thailand in open dry wood- ly Nepetoideae (Harley et al. 2004).There are c. 40 species in land or forest margins, mostly above 600 m altitude. Several the genus distributed predominantly in temperate and tropical species are found in cultivated areas. Elsholtzia blanda is a Asia, cultivated in Europe and North America. In South East widespread species distributed from the Himalaya, South East Asia, seven species from Vietnam (Phuong 1995, 2000, Budan t- Asian mainland and Sumatra. Elsholtzia beddomei is restricted sev 1999), five species from Indo-China (Doan 1936) and three to limestone in Tenasserim range and Doi Chiang Dao. Four species from Malesia (Keng 1969) have been published. species, i.e. E. griffithii, E. kachinensis, E. penduliflora and There have been few published works which cover Elsholtzia in E. stachyodes seem to be introduced from southern China Thailand. In 1971, Murata (1971) published a precursor account by ethnic groups as most collections are collected from home for Thai Lamiaceae, including E. -
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and Anti-MRSA Activities of Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants: a Brief Review
AIMS Microbiology, 5(2): 117–137. DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2019.2.117 Received: 01 February 2019 Accepted: 04 April 2019 Published: 15 April 2019 http://www.aimspress.com/journal/microbiology Review Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and anti-MRSA activities of extracts of some medicinal plants: A brief review Maureen U. Okwu 1,*, Mitsan Olley 2, Augustine O. Akpoka1 and Osazee E. Izevbuwa1 1 Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo State, Nigeria 2 Department of Pathology, Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria * Correspondence: Email: [email protected]; Tel: +2348034918775. Abstract: The increasing emergence of multidrug-resistant infection causing microorganisms has become a significant burden globally. Despite the efforts of pharmaceuticals in producing relatively new antimicrobial drugs, they have resulted in a high rate of mortality, disability and diseases across the world especially in developing countries. Supporting this claim was the report of the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) who estimated that over 2 million illnesses and 23,000 deaths per year are attributable to antibiotic resistant pathogens in the United States. They include Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing gram-negative bacilli, Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (MDRSP), Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. For MRSA, resistance is as a result of Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) strains that have acquired Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) which carries mecA gene. The gene encodes the penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a) which confers resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics. -
Dietary Supplements: Enough Already!
Dietary Supplements: Enough Already! Top Ten Things to Know Rhonda M. Cooper‐DeHoff, Pharm D, MS, FACC, FAHA University of Florida Associate Professor of Pharmacy and Medicine Presenter Disclosure Statement No conflicts or commercial relationships to disclose Learning Objectives After this lecture you will be able to: Understand current usage and expenditure patterns for dietary supplements Recall US regulations surrounding dietary supplements Recognize how dietary supplements may affect efficacy of and interact with prescription drugs Promote patient safety by counseling patients on issues pertaining to dietary supplement use Audience Response I take (have taken) herbal / dietary supplements Audience Response I recommend (have recommended) herbal/ dietary supplements to my patients #1 Definition and Cost of Complimentary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Categories of CAM (NIH) •Group of diverse medical and healthcare systems, Definition practices and products that are not generally considered part of conventional medicine. Alternative Biologically Manipulative Mind‐body Energy Medical Based and Body‐ Techniques Medicine Based Systems Vitamins Approaches & Spiritual Biofield Acupunct. Minerals Massage Natural therapy Magnetic Chinese Products Meditative field Medicine •Plants (gingko) Chiropract medicine Relaxation Reiki Ayurveda Diets 1998 Expenditure on CAM Manipulative and Biologically Mind‐body Alternative Body‐Based Energy Medicine Based Techniques Medical Systems Approaches 1.5% of $34 total HCE Billion but 11% of OOP OOP NCAM 2007 -
Perilla Frutescens) and Sesame (Sesamum Indicum) Seeds
foods Article Metabolite Profiling and Chemometric Study for the Discrimination Analyses of Geographic Origin of Perilla (Perilla frutescens) and Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Seeds 1, 1, 2 3 4 Tae Jin Kim y, Jeong Gon Park y, Hyun Young Kim , Sun-Hwa Ha , Bumkyu Lee , Sang Un Park 5 , Woo Duck Seo 2,* and Jae Kwang Kim 1,* 1 Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; [email protected] (T.J.K.); [email protected] (J.G.P.) 2 Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea; [email protected] 3 Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; [email protected] 4 Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea; [email protected] 5 Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (W.D.S.); [email protected] (J.K.K.); Tel.: +82-63-238-5305 (W.D.S.); +82-32-835-8241 (J.K.K.) These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 26 June 2020; Accepted: 21 July 2020; Published: 24 July 2020 Abstract: Perilla and sesame are traditional sources of edible oils in Asian and African countries. In addition, perilla and sesame seeds are rich sources of health-promoting compounds, such as fatty acids, tocopherols, phytosterols and policosanols. Thus, developing a method to determine the geographic origin of these seeds is important for ensuring authenticity, safety and traceability and to prevent cheating. -
Test Items for Licensing Examination Krok 1 PHARMACY
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF UKRAINE Department of human resources policy, education and science Testing Board Student ID Last name Variant ________________ Test items for licensing examination Krok 1 PHARMACY (російськомовний варіант) General Instruction Every one of these numbered questions or unfinished statements in this chapter corresponds to answers or statements endings. Choose the answer (finished statements) that fits best and fill in the circle with the corresponding Latin letter on the answer sheet. Authors of items: Abramov A.V., Aleksandrova K.V., Andronov D.Yu., Bilyk O.V., Blinder O.O., Bobyr V.V., Bobrovska O.A., Bohatyriova O.V., Bodnarchuk O.V., Boieva S.S., Bolokhovska T.O., Bondarenko Yu.I., Bratenko M.K., Buchko O.V., Cherneha H.V., Davydova N.V., Deriuhina L.I., Didenko N.O., Dmytriv A.M., Doroshkevych I.O., Dutka N.M., Dynnyk K.V., Filipova L.O., Havryliuk I.M., Herhel T.M., Hlushkova O.M., Hozhdzinsky S.M., Hrekova T.A., Hrechana O.V., Hruzevsky O.A., Hudyvok Ya.S., Hurmak I.S., Ivanets L.M., Ivanov Ye.I., Kartashova T.V., Kava T.V., Kazakova V.V., Kazmirchuk H.V., Kernychna I.Z., Khlus K.M., Khmelnykova L.I., Klebansky Ye.O., Klopotsky H.A., Klymniuk S.I., Kobylinska L.I., Koldunov V.V., Kolesnyk V.P., Kolesnikova T.O., Komlevoy O.M., Kononenko N.M., Kornijevsky Yu.Y., Kremenska L.V., Krushynska T.Yu., Kryzhanovska A.V., Kryshtal M.V., Kukurychkin Ye.R., Kuznietsova N.L., Kuzmina A.V., Lisnycha A.M., Lychko V.H., Makats Ye.F., Maly V.V., Matvijenko A.H., Menchuk K.M., Minarchenko V.M., Mikheiev A.O., Mishchenko -
St. John's Wort 2018
ONLINE SERIES MONOGRAPHS The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products Hyperici herba St. John's Wort 2018 www.escop.com The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products HYPERICI HERBA St. John's Wort 2018 ESCOP Monographs were first published in loose-leaf form progressively from 1996 to 1999 as Fascicules 1-6, each of 10 monographs © ESCOP 1996, 1997, 1999 Second Edition, completely revised and expanded © ESCOP 2003 Second Edition, Supplement 2009 © ESCOP 2009 ONLINE SERIES ISBN 978-1-901964-61-5 Hyperici herba - St. John's Wort © ESCOP 2018 Published by the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP) Notaries House, Chapel Street, Exeter EX1 1EZ, United Kingdom www.escop.com All rights reserved Except for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review no part of this text may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the written permission of the publisher. Important Note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment may be required. In their efforts to provide information on the efficacy and safety of herbal drugs and herbal preparations, presented as a substantial overview together with summaries of relevant data, the authors of the material herein have consulted comprehensive sources believed to be reliable. However, in view of the possibility of human error by the authors or publisher of the work herein, or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors nor the publisher, nor any other party involved in the preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for results obtained by the use of such information. -
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis, L.): a Review
medicines Review Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, L.): A Review Gema Nieto 1 ID , Gaspar Ros 1 ID and Julián Castillo 2,* 1 Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30071 Murcia, Spain; [email protected] (G.N.); [email protected] (G.R.) 2 Research and Development Department of Nutrafur-Frutarom Group, Camino Viejo de Pliego s/n, Alcantarilla, 80320 Murcia, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1 June 2018; Accepted: 31 August 2018; Published: 4 September 2018 Abstract: Nowadays, there is an interest in the consumption of food without synthetic additives and rather with the use of natural preservatives. In this regard, natural extracts of the Lamiaceae family, such as rosemary, have been studied because of its bioactive properties. Several studies have reported that rosemary extracts show biological bioactivities such as hepatoprotective, antifungal, insecticide, antioxidant and antibacterial. It is well known that the biological properties in rosemary are mainly due to phenolic compounds. However, it is essential to take into account that these biological properties depend on different aspects. Their use in foods is limited because of their odour, colour and taste. For that reason, commercial methods have been developed for the preparation of odourless and colourless antioxidant compounds from rosemary. Owing to the new applications of natural extracts in preservatives, this review gives a view on the use of natural extract from rosemary in foods and its effect on preservative activities. Specifically, the relationship between the structure and activity (antimicrobial and antioxidant) of the active components in rosemary are being reviewed. -
Perilla Mint
Extension W135 Perilla Mint Larry Steckel, Assistant Professor, Plant Sciences Neil Rhodes, Professor and Department Head, Plant Sciences Perilla Mint Peri indicutescens (L.) Britt. Also known as: beefsteak plant, common perilla, purple perilla, purple mint, shiso, Chinese basil, wild basil, blueweed, Joseph’s coat, wild coleus, rattlesnake weed Classification and Description Perilla mint is a member of the Lamiaceae or mint family. About 200 genera and 3200 species make up the mint plant family. Perilla mint is an erect, herbaceous annual that can grow to heights of 2 feet. It is native to East Asia. The cotyledons are longer than they are broad, with the broadest portion near the tip. The leaves are simple, opposite and can be purple or green tinged with purple, making it an attractive plant. Leaves have coarsely serrated (toothed) leaf margins pointed toward the tip and can be up to 5 inches wide and 7 inches long. Leaves are egg-shaped, with the largest part nearest the Perilla mint base. The stems of perilla mint are square in cross section, erect, hairy, somewhat branched and green or purple. Many small, white to purplish-white flowers with a ring of hairs in the throat are clustered in the terminals of these plants. Reproduction is by seed. Perilla mint has a shallow taproot and fibrous roots. Weed Status and Injury Perilla mint causes more cattle deaths in Tennessee than any other toxic plant. Perilla is very poisonous to cattle and other ruminants, as well as horses. All plant parts are toxic, especially the flowering structures. Dried plants in hay can be toxic, but the greatest risk is associated with consumption of fresh plant material, especially if flowers and fruit are present. -
56 Subpart F—Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
§ 172.510 21 CFR Ch. I (4–1–12 Edition) needed to produce its intended effect (a) They are used in the minimum but not in excess of 13 parts per million quantity required to produce their in- calculated as anhydrous sodium ferro- tended physical or technical effect and cyanide. in accordance with all the principles of [42 FR 14491, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 58 good manufacturing practice. FR 17098, Apr. 1, 1993] (b) In the appropriate forms (plant parts, fluid and solid extracts, con- Subpart F—Flavoring Agents and centrates, absolutes, oils, gums, bal- Related Substances sams, resins, oleoresins, waxes, and dis- tillates) they consist of one or more of § 172.510 Natural flavoring substances the following, used alone or in com- and natural substances used in con- bination with flavoring substances and junction with flavors. adjuvants generally recognized as safe Natural flavoring substances and in food, previously sanctioned for such natural adjuvants may be safely used use, or regulated in any section of this in food in accordance with the fol- part. lowing conditions. Common name Scientific name Limitations Aloe ................................................................ Aloe perryi Baker, A. barbadensis Mill., A. ferox Mill., and hybrids of this sp. with A. africana Mill. and A. spicata Baker. Althea root and flowers .................................. Althea officinalis L. Amyris (West Indian sandalwood) ................. Amyris balsamifera L. Angola weed .................................................. Roccella fuciformis -
Mini Data Sheet on Cryptothelea Variegata (Publication Date: 2016)
DROPSA, October 2016 This short description was prepared in the framework of the EU FP7 project DROPSA - Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens (grant agreement no. 613678). This pest was listed in the DROPSA alert list for orange and mandarin fruit. Cryptothelea variegata (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) Location of life stages on plant parts: Psychidae are primarily defoliators, but may feed externally on fruit (USDA, 2013). Fruit pathway: Possibly, as larvae. Because this is based on a statement for Psychidae generally, it is uncertain. Other pathways: plants for planting. Hosts: Polyphagous, incl. Citrus, Mangifera indica, Anacardium occidentale, Camellia sinensis, Casuarina, Cinnamomum, Shorea robusta (NBAIR, 2016), Manihot esculenta, Ricinus communis, Albizia, Syzygium aromaticum, Cinchona, Uncaria gambir (CABI CPC), Castanea (as chestnut) (Nasu et al., 2011), Pinus, Bischofia javanica, Paulownia tomentosa, Acacia nilotica (FAO, 2007). Distribution: Asia: India (NBAIR, 2016), China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam (CABI CPC), Japan (Nasu et al., 2011). CABI CPC also mentions ‘South East Asia’. Damage: In Southern China on Citrus, C. variegata is considered as very widespread and important, and minor on coconut, coffee, jackfruit and mango (Li et al., 1997). In India, it is rated as a minor pest (NBAIR, 2016). C. variegata can cause damage on citrus and tea, but is much more polyphagous (Sobczyk, no date). In Sumatra, it causes significant defoliation of pines (in natural forests) and damage on crop trees e.g. Paulownia tomentosa, Acacia nilotica (FAO, 2007). Other information: The name Eumeta variegata is used in most publications. Recorded impact: Moderate Intercepted: Not known Spreading/invasive: Not (uncertain) known References: CABI CPC. -
RIFM Fragrance Ingredient Safety Assessment, Menthyl Isovalerate CAS Registry Number 16409-46-4
Food and Chemical Toxicology 110 (2017) S486eS495 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food and Chemical Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox Short review RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, menthyl isovalerate CAS Registry Number 16409-46-4 * A.M. Api a, , D. Belsito b, D. Botelho a, D. Browne a, M. Bruze c, G.A. Burton Jr. d, J. Buschmann e, M.L. Dagli f, M. Date a, W. Dekant g, C. Deodhar a, M. Francis a, A.D. Fryer h, K. Joshi a,S.LaCavaa, A. Lapczynski a, D.C. Liebler i, D. O'Brien a, R. Parakhia a,A.Patela, T.M. Penning j, G. Ritacco a, J. Romine a, D. Salvito a, T.W. Schultz k, I.G. Sipes l, Y. Thakkar a, E.H. Theophilus a, A.K. Tiethof a, Y. Tokura m, S. Tsang a, J. Wahler a a Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA b Member RIFM Expert Panel, Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY 10032, USA c Member RIFM Expert Panel, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo SE-20502, Sweden d Member RIFM Expert Panel, School of Natural Resources & Environment, University of Michigan, Dana Building G110, 440 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 58109, USA e Member RIFM Expert Panel, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany f Member RIFM Expert Panel, University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av.