DOCSLIB.ORG

Bioprospecção De Macrofungos Da Classe Basidiomycetes Da Floresta Nacional Mário Xavier Em Seropédica - RJ

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bioprospecção De Macrofungos Da Classe Basidiomycetes Da Floresta Nacional Mário Xavier Em Seropédica - RJ UFRRJ INSTITUTO DE AGRONOMIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGRONOMIA - CIÊNCIA DO SOLO TESE Bioprospecção de Macrofungos da Classe Basidiomycetes da Floresta Nacional Mário Xavier em Seropédica - RJ Jorge Luiz Heraclito de Mattos 2020 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO INSTITUTO DE AGRONOMIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGRONOMIA CIÊNCIA DO SOLO BIOPROSPECÇÃO DE MACROFUNGOS DA CLASSE BASIDIOMYCETES DA FLORESTA NACIONAL MÁRIO XAVIER EM SEROPÉDICA - RJ JORGE LUIZ HERACLITO DE MATTOS Sob a orientação do Professor Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara Tese submetida como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor, no Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia-Ciência do Solo, Área de Concentração em Biologia do Solo. Seropédica, RJ Fevereiro de 2020 Uiversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Biblioteca Central ∕ Seção de Processamento Técnico Ficha catalográfica elaborada Com os dados fornecidos pelo(a) autor(a) Mattos, Jorge Luiz Heraclito de, 1962- Bioprospecção de macrofungos da classe Basidiomycetes da floresta M435b nacional Mário Xavier em Seropédica - RJ ∕ Jorge Luiz Heraclito de Mattos. – Seropédica, 2020. 94 f. : il. Orientador: Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara. Tese (Doutorado). – – Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia – Ciência do Solo, 2020. 1. Bioprospecção. 2. Fungos comestíveis. 3. Classe Basidiomycetes. 4. Mata Atlântica. I. Berbara, Ricardo Luiz Louro, 1957-, orient. II. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia – Ciência do Solo III. Título. O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001. É permitida a cópia parcial ou total desta Tese, desde que seja citada a fonte. UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO INSTITUTO DE AGRONOMIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGRONOMIA - CIÊNCIA DO SOLO JORGE LUIZ HERACLITO DE MATTOS Tese submetida como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Doutor, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia-Ciência do Solo, Área de Concentração em Biologia do Solo. TESE APROVADA EM 28/02/2020. ___________________________________ Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara. Ph.D. UFRRJ (Orientador) ____________________________ Carlos Antonio Inacio. Dr. UFRRJ ________________________________________ Margarida Gorete Ferreira do Carmo. Dra. UFRRJ ____________________________________________ Alexander Silva de Resende. Dr. Embrapa Agrobiologia _______________________________________________ Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva. Dra. Embrapa Agrobiologia DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho aos meus pais: Edezio Rosa de Mattos e Aldir Heraclito de Mattos. Aos meus irmãos: Edezio Heraclito de Mattos e Ricardo Heraclito de Mattos. Aos meus filhos: Leonardo Paulino de Mattos e Vinícius Magno Silva de Mattos. Ao Professor: Alexandre Magno do Couto. À memória de meu avô materno: Temístocles Heraclito Júnior. Aos Professores do Curso de Agronomia e do Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo – PPGA-CS da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ. Ao Professor Doutor Dorosnil Alves Moreira (UNIR). Ao Professor Doutor José Rodolfo de O. Granha (UNIR). Dedico. AGRADECIMENTOS Esta Tese representa quatro anos de doutorado onde houve construção de vários conhecimentos, vivências e experiências, que resultaram na minha presente formação. Deposito aqui meus agradecimentos à todas as pessoas (professores, colegas, funcionários) que de forma direta ou indireta contribuíram para a elaboração dessa Tese. Meu sincero apreço ao PPGA-CS, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, à Embrapa Agrobiologia e seus pesquisadores/professores e à CAPES. Ao Doutor Sael Sanches Elias, pelas correções e colaborações. Ao Doutor Carlos Antonio Inacio, pelos conhecimentos em Micologia. Aos colegas de laboratório pela vivência compartilhada. A todos os colegas de curso que sempre ofereceram ajuda e companheirismo. Ao Marcos Cruz da Silva pela constante colaboração. Ao meu Orientador Dr. Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara. BIOGRAFIA Jorge Luiz Heraclito de Mattos, nasceu em 1962 na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Concluiu o curso de Formação Geral em escola do Estado no antigo segundo grau (hoje, Ensino Médio). Em 1993, concluiu o curso de Licenciatura Plena em Biologia pela antiga Sociedade de Ensino Superior de Nova Iguaçú (hoje, Universidade Iguaçú – UNIG). Em 1995, mudou-se para o Estado de Rondônia (RO) onde atuou como professor de Biologia na Secretaria de Estado de Educação na condição de cargo emergencial. Em 1997, através de concurso público assume a condição de estatutário. Logo após, através de concurso público, em 2010, é lotado no Departamento de Gestão Ambiental onde passa a lecionar no campus da cidade de Guajará-mirim, da Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR) onde também concluiu o mestrado em Ciências da Linguagem. No ano de 2016, iniciou o doutorado no Curso de Pós- Graduação em Agronomia – Ciência do Solo na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de janeiro, sob a Orientação do professor Ph.D. Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara. RESUMO MATTOS, Jorge Luiz Heraclito de. Bioprospecção de macrofungos da classe Basidiomycetes da Floresta Nacional Mário Xavier em Seropédica, RJ. 2020. 93 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ciência do Solo). Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica - RJ, 2020. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer o levantamento da ocorrência de macrofungos comestíveis na Unidade de Conservação (UC) Floresta Nacional (FLONA) Mário Xavier, contribuindo para o conhecimento da micodiversidade existente nesse fragmento do Bioma da Mata Atlântica no município de Seropédica, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foi realizado isolamento in vitro para cultura do micélio e posterior inoculação em substratos em testes para desenvolvimento do fungo. Foram escolhidos 12 morfotipos de fungos, de um total de 91 espécimes das coletas realizadas nos períodos de setembro a outubro de 2017 e setembro a outubro de 2018. Considerando as características macroscópicas foi possível identificar quatorze basidiomicetos a nível de espécie, seis famílias e três ordens: Agaricales, Polyporales e Auriculariales. Na ordem Agaricales encontramos: Schizophyllum commune, Macrocybe titans, Psilocybe cubensis, Pleurotus djamour, Panus strigellus e Oudemansiella canarii; na ordem Polyporales constam os macrofungos Lentinus crinitus, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Ganoderma australe, Favolus brasiliensis e Polyporus tricholoma e na ordem Auriculariales está o macrofungos Auricularia delicata. Na coleta de 2018, nos mesmos locais antes visitados em 2017 na FLONA Mario Xavier, foram reencontradas as mesmas espécies de macrofungos. Três espécies foram identificadas como não comestíveis, mas possuem uso medicinal e biotecnológico sendo elas Pycnoporus sanguineus, Ganoderma australe e Psilocybe cubensis. O material coletado foi analisado no Laboratório de Química Biológica do Solo na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ em colaboração com o laboratório de Fitopatologia da UFRRJ. Palavras-chave: Bioprospecção. Fungos comestíveis. Classe Basidiomycetes. Mata Atlântica. ABSTRACT MATTOS, Jorge Luiz Heraclito de. Bioprospecting of macrofungi class Basidiomycetes of Mario Xavier Nacional Forest in Seropédica RJ. 2020. 93p. Thesis (Doctor in Agronomy, Soil Science). Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica - RJ, 2020. The objective of this work is to survey the occurrence of edible macrofungi in the Conservation Unit (UC) National Forest (FLONA) Mário Xavier, contributing to the knowledge of the mycodiversity that exists in this fragment of the Atlantic Forest Biome in the municipality of Seropédica, State of Rio of January. The procedures for the identification and classification of the fungi collected were carried out with the support of specialists from the Botanical Garden of Rio de Janeiro, Doctors from the Department of Phytotechnics at the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro and technicians from the State University of Rio de Janeiro. In vitro isolation was performed for mycelium culture and subsequent inoculation on substrates in tests for fungus development. Twelve fungi morphotypes were chosen, from a total of 91 specimens from the collections carried out from September to October 2017 and September to October 2018. Considering the macroscopic characteristics, it was possible to identify fourteen basidiomycetes at the species level, 06 families and three orders: Agaricales, Polyporales and Auriculariales. In the order Agaricales we have, Scizophyllum commune, Macrocybe titans, Psilocybe cubensis, Pleurotus djamour, Panus strigellus and Oudemansiella canarii; in the order Polyporales there are the macrofungi Lentinus crinitus, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Ganoderma australe, Favolus brasiliensis and Polyporus tricholoma and in the order Auriculariales there is the macrofungos Auricularia delicata. In the 2018 collection, in the same places previously visited in 2017 on FLONA Mario Xavier, the same species of macrofungi were found. Three species were identified as inedible, but they have medicinal and biotechnological use, being Pycnoporus sanguineus, Ganoderma australe and Psilocybe cubensis. The material collected was analyzed at the Laboratory of Biological Chemistry of Soil at the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ in collaboration with the Phytopathology laboratory at UFRRJ. Keywords: Bioprospecting. Edible fungi. Basidiomycetes class. Atlantic Forest. ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Major Clades of Agaricales: a Multilocus Phylogenetic Overview
    Mycologia, 98(6), 2006, pp. 982–995. # 2006 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview P. Brandon Matheny1 Duur K. Aanen Judd M. Curtis Laboratory of Genetics, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD, Biology Department, Clark University, 950 Main Street, Wageningen, The Netherlands Worcester, Massachusetts, 01610 Matthew DeNitis Vale´rie Hofstetter 127 Harrington Way, Worcester, Massachusetts 01604 Department of Biology, Box 90338, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 Graciela M. Daniele Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologı´a Vegetal, M. Catherine Aime CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Co´rdoba, Casilla USDA-ARS, Systematic Botany and Mycology de Correo 495, 5000 Co´rdoba, Argentina Laboratory, Room 304, Building 011A, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350 Dennis E. Desjardin Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Jean-Marc Moncalvo San Francisco, California 94132 Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Royal Ontario Museum and Department of Botany, University Bradley R. Kropp of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2C6 Canada Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322 Zai-Wei Ge Zhu-Liang Yang Lorelei L. Norvell Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Pacific Northwest Mycology Service, 6720 NW Skyline Sciences, Kunming 650204, P.R. China Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97229-1309 Jason C. Slot Andrew Parker Biology Department, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 127 Raven Way, Metaline Falls, Washington 99153- Worcester, Massachusetts, 01609 9720 Joseph F. Ammirati Else C. Vellinga University of Washington, Biology Department, Box Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 355325, Seattle, Washington 98195 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102 Timothy J.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales), Including a New Species, from a Subtropical Forest in Xishuangbanna, China
    MYCOBIOLOGY 2019, VOL. 47, NO. 4, 391–400 https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2019.1682449 RESEARCH ARTICLE A Survey of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales), Including a New Species, from a Subtropical Forest in Xishuangbanna, China Lei Yea,b,c , Samantha C. Karunarathnaa,b, Huli Lia,b,c, Jianchu Xua,b, Kevin D. Hydea,b,c,d and Peter E. Mortimera aKey Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China; bWorld Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia Office, Kunming, China; cCenter of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand; dMushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Mai, Thailand ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY A survey of mushrooms was conducted in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China, in the Received 10 June 2019 rainy season (May to October) of 2012, 2013, and 2014, during which 16 specimens of Revised 10 September 2019 Termitomyces were collected. Preliminary macro- and micro-characteristics, together with ITS Accepted 10 September 2019 sequence data, showed that four of the specimens belonged to a new species (Termitomyces KEYWORDS fragilis), while the other 12 belonged to T. aurantiacus, T. eurrhizus, T. globules, T. microcarpus, Termitomyces; symbiosis; and T. bulborhizus. In this paper, T. fragilis is introduced as a species new to science based termites; wild on morphological characterization and phylogenetic analyses. Macro- and micro- morpho- edible mushrooms logical descriptions, color photographs and line drawings of the new species, and a phylo- genetic tree to show the placement of the new species are provided. T. fragilis is then compared with other closely related taxa in the genus Termitomyces.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Lyophyllum Section Difformia Does Hon-Shimeji (L
    Phylogeny of Lyophyllum section Difformia Does hon-shimeji (L. shimeji) occur in Sweden? Henrik Sundberg Degree project for Master of Science in Botanical Systematics and Evolution 30 hec Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1.1. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1.2. WHAT IS HON-SHIMEJI? ............................................................................................................................. 3 2. PROBLEMS & OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................ 4 3. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 4 3.1. GENERAL ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE GENUS LYOPHYLLUM P. KARST. ................................... 4 3.2. TAXONOMY ................................................................................................................................................. 4 3.2.1. Traditional classification of the genus Lyophyllum .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Coprinellus Andreorum: a New Species from Malta and South America
    IJM - Italian Journal of Mycology ISSN 2531-7342 - Vol. 50 (2021): 21-29 Journal homepage: https://italianmycology.unibo.it/ Short note Coprinellus andreorum: a new species from Malta and South America Carmel Sammut1, Alexander Karich2 1 - 216 Flat 1 St. Joseph Flts., Rue d´Argens, Gzira, GZR 1367, Malta 2 - Technische Universität Dresden - International Institut Zittau, Markt 23, 02763 Zittau, Germany Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO Received 22/2/2021; accepted 14/4/2021 https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2531-7342/12445 Abstract Coprinellus andreorum sp. nov. is described for the first time from Malta. A full description with illustrations of the macro- and micromorphological characters, as well as its phylogenetic position is provided. This species differs from Coprinellus aureogranulatus by the large pleurocystidia, the narrower spores and multidigitate caulocystidia. Some species from sect. Domestici are discussed and compared. Keywords Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae, Aureogranulati, morphology, taxonomy Introduction Following a recent clearing of a small area in Buskett (Siggiewi, Malta) several large dead branches of Ceratonia siliqua L. were torn down to smaller pieces and dispersed above the soil together with other dead branches from Quercus ilex L. The sudden abundance, on the soil, of degraded lignicolous material coupled with abundant rain in the early weeks of October 2020 has resulted in a number of fast growing coprinii appearing over a few days towards the end of October. The list of lignicolous fungi noted in the area were both previously encountered as well as new records for the area and include Parasola conopilea (Fr.) Örstadius & E. Larss., Coprinopsis melanthina (Fr.) Örstadius & E.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Lyophyllum Rhombisporum</I> Sp. Nov. from China
    ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2013. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/123.473 Volume 123, pp. 473–477 January–March 2013 Lyophyllum rhombisporum sp. nov. from China Xiao-Qing Wang1,2, De-Qun Zhou1, Yong-Chang Zhao2, Xiao-Lei Zhang2, Lin Li1,2 & Shu-Hong Li1,2* 1 Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China 2 Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China *Correspondence to: [email protected] Abstract — A new species, collected from Yunnan Province, China, is here described as Lyophyllum rhombisporum (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales). The new species is macroscopically and microscopically very similar to L. sykosporum and L. transforme, but its spore shape is quite different. Molecular analysis also supports L. rhombisporum as an independent species. Key words — Agaricomycetes, mushroom, taxonomy, ITS, phylogeny Introduction Lyophyllum is a genus in the Lyophyllaceae (Agaricales) with about 40 species, which are widespread in north temperate regions (Kirk et al. 2008). A few Lyophyllum species are well-known edible mushrooms, such as L. shimeji (Kawam.) Hongo, L. decastes (Fr.) Singer, and L. fumosum (Pers.) P.D. Orton. Research in China has reported 19 Lyophyllum species (Li 2002; Li et al. 2005; Dai & Tolgor 2007; Li & Li 2009), but more research is still needed on the taxonomy, molecular phylogeny, and cultivation of this genus. Here we describe a new species, L. rhombisporum from Yiliang County, Yunnan Province, in southwestern China. Materials & methods Microscopic and macroscopic characters were described based on the specimen material (L1736) following the methods of Yang & Zhang (2003).
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary Checklist of Arizona Macrofungi
    A PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST OF ARIZONA MACROFUNGI Scott T. Bates School of Life Sciences Arizona State University PO Box 874601 Tempe, AZ 85287-4601 ABSTRACT A checklist of 1290 species of nonlichenized ascomycetaceous, basidiomycetaceous, and zygomycetaceous macrofungi is presented for the state of Arizona. The checklist was compiled from records of Arizona fungi in scientific publications or herbarium databases. Additional records were obtained from a physical search of herbarium specimens in the University of Arizona’s Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium and of the author’s personal herbarium. This publication represents the first comprehensive checklist of macrofungi for Arizona. In all probability, the checklist is far from complete as new species await discovery and some of the species listed are in need of taxonomic revision. The data presented here serve as a baseline for future studies related to fungal biodiversity in Arizona and can contribute to state or national inventories of biota. INTRODUCTION Arizona is a state noted for the diversity of its biotic communities (Brown 1994). Boreal forests found at high altitudes, the ‘Sky Islands’ prevalent in the southern parts of the state, and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson) forests that are widespread in Arizona, all provide rich habitats that sustain numerous species of macrofungi. Even xeric biomes, such as desertscrub and semidesert- grasslands, support a unique mycota, which include rare species such as Itajahya galericulata A. Møller (Long & Stouffer 1943b, Fig. 2c). Although checklists for some groups of fungi present in the state have been published previously (e.g., Gilbertson & Budington 1970, Gilbertson et al. 1974, Gilbertson & Bigelow 1998, Fogel & States 2002), this checklist represents the first comprehensive listing of all macrofungi in the kingdom Eumycota (Fungi) that are known from Arizona.
    [Show full text]
  • And Stalpers (1978). Preparations For
    PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume 13, Part 4, pp. 495-504 (1988) Auriculariopsis and the Schizophyllales J.A. Stalpers Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baam* The cultural characters and the developmentofthe basidiomes of Auriculariopsis ampla (Lév.) Maire are described and compared with those of Schizophyllum commune Fr.: Fr. It is concluded that Auriculariopsis is very close to Schizo- phyllum and that the existence of the order Schizophyllales is not justified. Maire rather but Auriculariopsis ampla (Lev.) R. is a rare species in Europe, locally it be for the southern coastal sand dunes of the can quite common, example in more Netherlands. Its substrate is generally twigs of Populus, but occasionally Salix; there is one report from Rubus (Donk, 1959). In the older literature this species occurs almost uniformly under the name Cytidia flocculenta (Fr.) Hohn. & Litsch. Donk (1959) doubtedthat Thelephora flocculenta Fr. really was this species and Eriksson & Ryvarden (1975) found that authentic material contained Cylindrobasidium evolvens (Fr.: Fr.) Jiilich. METHODS Petri dishes on neutralized 2% malt and Isolates were grown in plastic agar (MEA) decoction at room 20° diffuse cherry agar (ChA) temperature (18— C) in daylight. Drop tests on laccase and tyrosinase were performed as describedby Kaarik (1965) and Stalpers (1978). Preparations for scanning electron microscopy were made according to Samson et al. (1979). CULTURAL CHARACTERS OF AURICULARIOPSIS AMPLA Growth on MEA rather fast, reaching 25—35 mm radius in 2 weeks, on ChA up to 40 mm. Odour insignificant. Advancing zone appressed to submerged, with irregularly undu- from lating outline; hyphae dense. Mycelial mat 1—2 mm the margin, cottony-woolly to the After four floccose, white.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Thinking the Classification of Corticioid Fungi
    mycological research 111 (2007) 1040–1063 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres Re-thinking the classification of corticioid fungi Karl-Henrik LARSSON Go¨teborg University, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Box 461, SE 405 30 Go¨teborg, Sweden article info abstract Article history: Corticioid fungi are basidiomycetes with effused basidiomata, a smooth, merulioid or Received 30 November 2005 hydnoid hymenophore, and holobasidia. These fungi used to be classified as a single Received in revised form family, Corticiaceae, but molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown that corticioid fungi 29 June 2007 are distributed among all major clades within Agaricomycetes. There is a relative consensus Accepted 7 August 2007 concerning the higher order classification of basidiomycetes down to order. This paper Published online 16 August 2007 presents a phylogenetic classification for corticioid fungi at the family level. Fifty putative Corresponding Editor: families were identified from published phylogenies and preliminary analyses of unpub- Scott LaGreca lished sequence data. A dataset with 178 terminal taxa was compiled and subjected to phy- logenetic analyses using MP and Bayesian inference. From the analyses, 41 strongly Keywords: supported and three unsupported clades were identified. These clades are treated as fam- Agaricomycetes ilies in a Linnean hierarchical classification and each family is briefly described. Three ad- Basidiomycota ditional families not covered by the phylogenetic analyses are also included in the Molecular systematics classification. All accepted corticioid genera are either referred to one of the families or Phylogeny listed as incertae sedis. Taxonomy ª 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction develop a downward-facing basidioma.
    [Show full text]
  • Coprinopsis Rugosomagnispora: a Distinct New Coprinoid Species from Poland (Central Europe)
    Plant Syst Evol DOI 10.1007/s00606-017-1418-7 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Coprinopsis rugosomagnispora: a distinct new coprinoid species from Poland (Central Europe) 1 2 3,4 5 Błazej_ Gierczyk • Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus • Marcin Pietras • Mirosław Gryc • 6 7 Waldemar Czerniawski • Marcin Pia˛tek Received: 3 November 2016 / Accepted: 31 March 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract A new coprinoid fungus, Coprinopsis rugoso- evolutionary trees recovered C. rugosomagnispora within a magnispora, is described from Poland (Central Europe). Its lineage containing species having morphological charac- macromorphological characters are similar to species ters of the subsection Lanatuli (though within the so-called belonging to the subsection Nivei of Coprinus s.l. How- Atramentarii clade) that contradicts its morphological ever, C. rugosomagnispora has unique micromorphologi- similarity to members of the subsection Nivei. cal characters: very large, ornamented spores, voluminous basidia and cystidia, and smooth veil elements. The large Keywords Agaricales Á Coprinopsis Á Coprinoid fungi Á spores and pattern of spore ornamentation (densely pitted) Molecular phylogeny Á Spore ornamentation Á Taxonomy make this species unique within all coprinoid species described so far. The structure (arrangement and shape) of veil elements in C. rugosomagnispora is intermediate Introduction between members of the subsections Nivei and Lanatuli of Coprinus s.l. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on The coprinoid fungi are a highly diverse and polyphyletic single-locus (ITS) maximum likelihood and Bayesian group of the order Agaricales, which species show a unique set of characters: presence of dark spores, deliquescent basidiocarps that often undergo autolysis, and pseudopa- Handling editor: Miroslav Kolarˇ´ık.
    [Show full text]
  • Lyophyllaceae) Based on the Basidiomata Collected from Halkalı, İstanbul
    MANTAR DERGİSİ/The Journal of Fungus Ekim(2019)10(2)110-115 Geliş(Recevied) :23/05/2019 Araştırma Makalesi/Research Article Kabul(Accepted) :03/07/2019 Doi:10.30708mantar.569338 Contributions to the taxonomy and distribution of Tricholomella (Lyophyllaceae) based on the basidiomata collected from Halkalı, İstanbul Ertuğrul SESLI1* , Eralp AYTAÇ2 *Corresponding author: [email protected] 1Trabzon Üniversitesi, Fatih Eğitim Fakültesi, Trabzon, Türkiye. Orcid ID: 0000-0002-3779-9704/[email protected] 2Atakent mahallesi, 1. Etap Mesa blokları, A4 D:15, 34307, Küçükçekmece, İstanbul, Türkiye. [email protected] Abstract: Basidiomata of Tricholomella constricta (Fr.) Zerova ex Kalamees belonging to Lyophyllaceae are collected from Halkalı-İstanbul and studied using both morphologic and molecular methods. According to the classical systematic the genus Tricholomella Zerova ex Kalamees contains more than one species, such as T. constricta and T. leucocephala. Our studies found out that the two species are not genetically too different, but conspecific and a new description is needed including the members with- or without annulus. In this study, illustrations, a short discussion and a simple phylogenetic tree are provided. Key words: Fungal taxonomy, ITS, Systematics, Turkey İstanbul, Halkalı’dan toplanan bazidiyomalara göre Tricholomella constricta (Lyophyllaceae)’nın taksonomi ve yayılışına katkılar Öz: Lyophyllaceae ailesine ait Tricholomella constricta (Fr.) Zerova ex Kalamees’in İstanbul-Halkalı’dan toplanan bazidiyomaları hem morfolojik ve hem de moleküler yöntemlerle çalışılmıştır. Klasik sistematiğe göre Tricholomella Zerova ex Kalamees genusu, T. constricta ve T. leucocephala gibi birden fazla tür içermektedir. Çalışmalarımız, bu iki türün genetik olarak birbirinden çok da farklı olmadığını, aynı tür içerisinde olduğunu ve annulus içeren ve de içermeyen türleri içerisine alan yeni bir deskripsiyon yapılması gerektiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Roles of Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Bee Orchid Ophrys Apifera
    Diversity and Roles of Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Bee Orchid Ophrys apifera By Wazeera Rashid Abdullah April 2018 A Thesis submitted to the University of Liverpool in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy Table of Contents Page No. Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. xiv Abbreviations ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 2 1 Chapter one: Literature review: ........................................................................................ 3 1.1 Mycorrhiza: .................................................................................................................... 3 1.1.1Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) or Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM): ........... 5 1.1.2 Ectomycorrhiza: ...................................................................................................... 5 1.1.3 Ectendomycorrhiza: ................................................................................................ 6 1.1.4 Ericoid mycorrhiza, Arbutoid mycorrhiza, and Monotropoid mycorrhiza: ............ 6 1.1.5 Orchid mycorrhiza: ................................................................................................. 7 1.1.5.1 Orchid mycorrhizal interaction: ......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Macromycetes in the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac” in Belgrade
    40 (2): (2016) 249-259 Original Scientific Paper Diversity of macromycetes in the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac” in Belgrade Jelena Vukojević✳, Ibrahim Hadžić, Aleksandar Knežević, Mirjana Stajić, Ivan Milovanović and Jasmina Ćilerdžić Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia ABSTRACT: At locations in the outdoor area and in the greenhouse of the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, a total of 124 macromycetes species were noted, among which 22 species were recorded for the first time in Serbia. Most of the species belong to the phylum Basidiomycota (113) and only 11 to the phylum Ascomycota. Saprobes are dominant with 81.5%, 45.2% being lignicolous and 36.3% are terricolous. Parasitic species are represented with 13.7% and mycorrhizal species with 4.8%. Inedible species are dominant (70 species), 34 species are edible, five are conditionally edible, eight are poisonous and one is hallucinogenic (Psilocybe cubensis). A significant number of representatives belong to the category of medicinal species. These species have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine of Far Eastern nations. Current studies confirm and explain knowledge gained by experience and reveal new species which produce biologically active compounds with anti-microbial, antioxidative, genoprotective and anticancer properties. Among species collected in the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, those medically significant are: Armillaria mellea, Auricularia auricula.-judae, Laetiporus sulphureus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma applanatum, Flammulina velutipes and Inonotus hispidus. Some of the found species, such as T. versicolor and P. ostreatus, also have the ability to degrade highly toxic phenolic compounds and can be used in ecologically and economically justifiable soil remediation.
    [Show full text]