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Homeland, Identity and Wellbeing Amongst the Beni-Amer in Eritrea-Sudan and Diasporas
IM/MOBILITY: HOMELAND, IDENTITY AND WELLBEING AMONGST THE BENI-AMER IN ERITREA-SUDAN AND DIASPORAS Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leicester Saeid Hmmed BSc MSc (OU) Department of Geography University of Leicester September 2017 i Abstract This thesis focuses on how mobility, identity, conceptions of homeland and wellbeing have been transformed across time and space amongst the Beni-Amer. Beni-Amer pastoralist societies inhabit western Eritrea and eastern Sudan; their livelihoods are intimately connected to livestock. Their cultural identities, norms and values, and their indigenous knowledge, have revolved around pastoralism. Since the 1950s the Beni-Amer have undergone rapid and profound socio-political and geographic change. In the 1950s the tribe left most of their ancestral homeland and migrated to Sudan; many now live in diasporas in Western and Middle Eastern countries. Their mobility, and conceptions of homeland, identity and wellbeing are complex, mutually constitutive and cannot be easily untangled. The presence or absence, alteration or limitation of one of these concepts affects the others. Qualitatively designed and thematically analysed, this study focuses on the multiple temporalities and spatialities of Beni-Amer societies. The study subjected pastoral mobility to scrutiny beyond its contemporary theoretical and conceptual framework. It argues that pastoral mobility is currently understood primarily via its role as a survival system; as a strategy to exploit transient concentration of pasture and water across rangelands. The study stresses that such perspectives have contributed to the conceptualization of pastoral mobility as merely physical movement, a binary contrast to settlement; pastoral societies are therefore seen as either sedentary or mobile. -
Temple in Jerusalem Coordinates: 31.77765, 35.23547 from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Log in / create account article discussion edit this page history Temple in Jerusalem Coordinates: 31.77765, 35.23547 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Bet HaMikdash ; "The Holy House"), refers to Part of a series of articles on ,שדקמה תיב :The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple (Hebrew a series of structures located on the Temple Mount (Har HaBayit) in the old city of Jerusalem. Historically, two Jews and Judaism navigation temples were built at this location, and a future Temple features in Jewish eschatology. According to classical Main page Jewish belief, the Temple (or the Temple Mount) acts as the figurative "footstool" of God's presence (Heb. Contents "shechina") in the physical world. Featured content Current events The First Temple was built by King Solomon in seven years during the 10th century BCE, culminating in 960 [1] [2] Who is a Jew? ∙ Etymology ∙ Culture Random article BCE. It was the center of ancient Judaism. The Temple replaced the Tabernacle of Moses and the Tabernacles at Shiloh, Nov, and Givon as the central focus of Jewish faith. This First Temple was destroyed by Religion search the Babylonians in 587 BCE. Construction of a new temple was begun in 537 BCE; after a hiatus, work resumed Texts 520 BCE, with completion occurring in 516 BCE and dedication in 515. As described in the Book of Ezra, Ethnicities Go Search rebuilding of the Temple was authorized by Cyrus the Great and ratified by Darius the Great. Five centuries later, Population this Second Temple was renovated by Herod the Great in about 20 BCE. -
The Straight Path: Islam Interpreted by Muslims by Kenneth W. Morgan
Islam -- The Straight Path: Islam Interpreted by Muslims return to religion-online 47 Islam -- The Straight Path: Islam Interpreted by Muslims by Kenneth W. Morgan Kenneth W. Morgan is Professor of history and comparative religions at Colgate University. Published by The Ronald Press Company, New York 1958. This material was prepared for Religion Online by Ted and Winnie Brock. (ENTIRE BOOK) A collection of essays written by Islamic leaders for Western readers. Chapters describe Islam's origin, ideas, movements and beliefs, and its different manifestations in Africa, Turkey, Pakistan, India, China and Indonesia. Preface The faith of Islam, and the consequences of that faith, are described in this book by devout Muslim scholars. This is not a comparative study, nor an attempt to defend Islam against what Muslims consider to be Western misunderstandings of their religion. It is simply a concise presentation of the history and spread of Islam and of the beliefs and obligations of Muslims as interpreted by outstanding Muslim scholars of our time. Chapter 1: The Origin of Islam by Mohammad Abd Allah Draz The straight path of Islam requires submission to the will of God as revealed in the Qur’an, and recognition of Muhammad as the Messenger of God who in his daily life interpreted and exemplified that divine revelation which was given through him. The believer who follows that straight path is a Muslim. Chapter 2: Ideas and Movements in Islamic History, by Shafik Ghorbal The author describes the history and problems of the Islamic society from the time of the prophet Mohammad as it matures to modern times. -
Title: Location: Date: Artist: Period/Style: Patron
TITLE:Buddha LOCATION:Bamiyan, Afghanistan DATE: C. 400-800 C.E. ARTIST: PERIOD/STYLE: Gandharan PATRON: MATERIAL/TECHNIQUE:Cut sandstone with plaster and polychrome paint. FORM: Details such as facial features and hands were modeled using mud mixed with straw and then coated with stucco and painted bright colors. Stucco is a kind of plaster that is sometimes put on the exterior of houses as a protective coating against the elements. The stucco wore off long ago, but we do know that the larger Buddha figure was painted a deep red and the smaller Buddha was multi-colored with both jewels and copper. The legs were carved in the round which allowed for circumambulation. FUNCTION: The Silk Road comprosed an overland network of trade routes linking China and Central Asia with India and ultimately the Medi- terranean Sea. The Bamiyan Valley’s fertile fields attracted merchants and Buddhist missionaries. Thus between 500 and 750, the region served as both a commercial hub and an important Buddhist spiritual center. CONTENT: The Bamiyan Buddhas served as centerpieces of a flourishing Buddhist community. Both statues manifested the power and piety of their royal benefactors. Visible for miles, they provided pilgrims and merchants with a dramatic reminder to follow Buddhist practices, The two timeless images also marked a momentous development in Buddhist art. The gigantic Bamiyan statues represented Buddha as more than a gifted teacher; he was now presented as a guiding, enduring, and universal spiritual presence. CONTEXT: Bamiyan was situated right on the Silk Route as it went through the Hindu Kush mountain region in the Bamiyan valley of Afghanistan. -
Day 7 Thursday March 10, 2022 Temple Mount Western Wall (Wailing Wall) Temple Institute Jewish Quarter Quarter Café Wohl Museu
Day 7 Thursday March 10, 2022 Temple Mount Western Wall (Wailing Wall) Temple Institute Jewish Quarter Quarter Café Wohl Museum Tower of David Herod’s Palace Temple Mount The Temple Mount, in Hebrew: Har HaBáyit, "Mount of the House of God", known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif, "the Noble Sanctuary and the Al Aqsa Compound, is a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem that for thousands of years has been venerated as a holy site in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam alike. The present site is a flat plaza surrounded by retaining walls (including the Western Wall) which was built during the reign of Herod the Great for an expansion of the temple. The plaza is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period: the al-Aqsa Mosque, the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain, as well as four minarets. Herodian walls and gates, with additions from the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods, cut through the flanks of the Mount. Currently it can be reached through eleven gates, ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims, with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each. According to Jewish tradition and scripture, the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 586 BCE – however no substantial archaeological evidence has verified this. The Second Temple was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE. -
UNIVERSITY of CENTRAL OKLAHOMA Edmond, Oklahoma Jackson College of Graduate Studies
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL OKLAHOMA Edmond, Oklahoma Jackson College of Graduate Studies Indiana Jones and the Displaced Daddy: Spielberg’s Quest for the Good Father, Adulthood, and God A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN ENGLISH 20th & 21st Century Studies, Film By Evan Catron Edmond, Oklahoma 2010 ABSTRACT OF THESIS UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL OKLAHOMA Edmond, Oklahoma NAME: Evan Catron TITLE OF THESIS: Indiana Jones and the Displaced Daddy: Spielberg’s Quest for the Good Father, Adulthood, and God DIRECTOR OF THESIS: Dr. Kevin Hayes PAGES: 127 The Indiana Jones films define adventure as perpetual adolescence: idealized yet stifling emotional maturation. The series consequently resonates with the search for a good father and a confirmation for modernist man that his existence has “meaning;” success is always contingent upon belief. Examination of intertextual variability reveals cultural perspectives and Judaeo-Christian motifs unifying all films along with elements of inclusivism and pluralism. An accessible, comprehensive guide to key themes in all four Indiana Jones films studies the ideological imperative of Spielbergian cinema: patriarchal integrity is intimately connected with the quest for God, moral authority, national supremacy, and adulthood. iii Acknowledgements I would like to thank the professors who encouraged me to pursue the films for which I have a passion as subjects for my academic study: Dr. John Springer and Dr. Mary Brodnax, members of my committee; and Dr. Kevin Hayes, chairman of my committee, whose love of The Simpsons rivals my own. I also want to thank Dr. Amy Carrell, who always answered my endless questions, and Dr. -
An Alternative Explanation of the Royal and Select Master Degrees
An Alternative Explanation of the Royal and Select Master Degrees by Sir Knight Gene Fricks The legends behind the ritual of the Royal and Select Masters degrees are among those with only a vague basis in biblical antecedents. Unlike the legend of Hiram and the building of the first temple or that of Zerubabbel and the second temple, we have only a passing mention of Adoniram as the first overseer of King Solomon and a listing of Solomon's chief officers in I Kings 4:4. We do not find the secret passageway or the nine arches described in the II Kings story of the temple's construction. Recognizing that the writers of the original rituals were men steeped in classical learning, we should look elsewhere for the source of this story. I suggest that the writings of the 15th century Arab historian, Mudjir ad-Din, may have been that source. What prompted this thought was the celebration of the 3000th anniversary of Jerusalem several years ago and the renewed interest in its ruins that the commemoration sparked. Let us review some of Jerusalem's history after the Roman destruction of Herod's Temple in 70 A.D. to set some background. Titus and his son Vespasian conquered Jerusalem after a long and bloody siege. Determined to bring the recalcitrant Jews to heel, the Roman 10th Legion, left to garrison the city, were ordered to level the temple down to its foundations. What we see today in Jerusalem is the temple mount platform upon which the temple sat, all that remains of Herod's imposing construction project. -
The Temple Mount/Haram Al-Sharif – Archaeology in a Political Context
The Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif – Archaeology in a Political Context 2017 March 2017 Table of contents >> Introduction 3 Written by: Yonathan Mizrachi >> Part I | The history of the Site: How the Temple Mount became the 0 Researchers: Emek Shaveh Haram al-Sharif 4 Edited by: Talya Ezrahi >> Part II | Changes in the Status of the Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif 0 Proof-editing: Noa Granot from the 19th century to the Present Day 7 Graphic Design: Lior Cohen Photographs: Emek Shaveh, Yael Ilan >> Part III | Changes around the Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif and the 0 Mapping: Lior Cohen, Shai Efrati, Slava Pirsky impact on the Status Quo 11 >> Conclusion and Lessons 19 >> Maps 20 Emek Shaveh (cc) | Email: [email protected] | website www.alt-arch.org Emek Shaveh is an Israeli NGO working to prevent the politicization of archaeology in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and to protect ancient sites as public assets that belong to members of all communities, faiths and peoples. We view archaeology as a resource for building bridges and strengthening bonds between peoples and cultures. This publication was produced by Emek Shaveh (A public benefit corporation) with the support of the IHL Secretariat, the Federal Department for Foreign Affairs Switzerland (FDFA) the New Israeli Fund and CCFD. Responsibility for the information contained in this report belongs exclu- sively to Emek Shaveh. This information does not represent the opinions of the above mentioned donors. 2 Introduction Immediately after the 1967 War, Israel’s then Defense Minister Moshe Dayan declared that the Islamic Waqf would retain their authority over the Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif compound. -
Dangerous Grounds at Al- Haram Al-Sharif
One of the most sacred sites on earth has become Dangerous a place of episodic chaos and cacophony, a Grounds at al- place where hatred and contempt are openly expressed, and where an unequal battle is being Haram al-Sharif: waged over incompatible claims. Spearheaded by “Temple Mount” groups, The Threats to the various Jewish “redemptionists” have mounted Status Quo a calibrated campaign for major unilateral Israeli changes to the Status Quo on the Haram Marian Houk al-Sharif (which Jews prefer to call the Temple Mount) in order to advance toward their goals “millimeter by millimeter”. The time has come, these organizations say, to brush aside what’s left of the inconvenient Status Quo arrangements, inherited from the Ottoman period and adapted by Moshe Dayan in June 1967, which left administration of the mosque esplanade in the hands of the Islamic Waqf (or “Trust Foundation”). The truth is, the Status Quo has already been tweaked a number of times – two of the most dramatic changes were in June 1967, after Israel’s conquest of the West Bank and Gaza, and again on 28 September 2000, when Ariel Sharon wanted to make a point, accompanied by about 1,000 armed Israeli soldiers and police. A third moment of change is occurring as this is written, with Israeli officials ordering the exclusion of Palestinian Muslim worshippers in order to make the Jewish visitors more comfortable, and Palestinians desperately trying to devise strategies to retain their acquired rights. What exists, now, on any given day, is a precarious balance of political and diplomatic interests as defined at any given moment by Israel’s Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu. -
Tree of Souls: the Mythology of Judaism
96 MYTHS OF CREATION 124. THE PILLARS OF THE WORLD The world stands upon pillars. Some say it stands on twelve pillars, according to the number of the tribes of Israel. Others say that it rests on seven pillars, which stand on the water. This water is on top of the mountains, which rest on wind and storm. Still others say that the world stands on three pillars. Once every three hundred years they move slightly, causing earthquakes. But Rabbi Eleazar ben Shammua says that it rests on one pillar, whose name is “Righteous.” One of the ancient creation myths found in many cultures describes the earth as standing on one or more pillars. In this Jewish version of the myth, several theories are found—that the earth stands on twelve, seven, or three pillars—or on one. Rabbi Eleazar ben Shammua gives that one pillar the name of Tzaddik, “Righteous,” under- scoring an allegorical reading of this myth, whereby God is the pillar that supports the world. This, of course, is the central premise of monotheism. Alternatively, his comment may be understood to refer to the Tzaddik, the righteous man whose exist- ence is required for the world to continue to exist. Or it might refer to the principle of righteousness, and how the world could not exist without it. Sources: B. Hagigah 12b; Me’am Lo’ez on Genesis 1:10. 125. THE FOUNDATION STONE The world has a foundation stone. This stone serves as the starting point for all that was created, and serves as a true foundation. -
The BG News October 13, 1989
Bowling Green State University ScholarWorks@BGSU BG News (Student Newspaper) University Publications 10-13-1989 The BG News October 13, 1989 Bowling Green State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/bg-news Recommended Citation Bowling Green State University, "The BG News October 13, 1989" (1989). BG News (Student Newspaper). 4988. https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/bg-news/4988 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University Publications at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in BG News (Student Newspaper) by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@BGSU. H BG sight for 'Backyard Brawl', see page 11 Friday Weather Vol.72 Issue 32 High 75° October 13, 1989 Low 50° Bowling Green, Ohio The BG News BRIEFLY Attorneys try media ban Campus Photos of Dance sponsored: The University Activities Organization is sponsoring a Homecoming Dance this Fox's trial evening in the Lenhart Grand Ballroom from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Admission is $1. The Cleveland-based band, "Champion" will play. permitted by Beth Church Center dedicated: A news editor dedication ceremony of the Hazel H. Smith Off-Campus Center will be at 3 &m. today on the lower level of The First and Sixth amendments oseley Hall. The University's Board battled in Judge Donald DeCessna's of Trustees voted last April to rename Wood County Common Pleas Court- the center in memory of Smith, the room Thursday morning, as alleged founder and first full-time director of kidnapper and murderer Richard E. -
The Temple Mount in Jerusalem - a View of the Areas That Are Closed to the Public Photos & Edit: Ron Peled 2008
The Temple Mount in Jerusalem - A view of the areas that are closed to the public Photos & Edit: Ron Peled 2008 www.feelJerusalem.com The Temple Mount is open to tourist, but only for an excursion around the open plaza Entrance to the al-Aqsa Mosque, the Dome of the Rock, Solomon's Stables and other sitesbelow the Mount itself, are off limits to any non-Muslims. So, let's go in… The structure of the Dome of the Rock is called, in Arabic, Qubat al-Sakhra (which is not the Mosque of Omar, and in fact, not a mosque at all.). It was built in 691 by the Caliph Abd al-Malik (who founded the first Arab town in Israel – Ramla), and is believed to be the oldest and most intact Muslim structure in the Middle East. The interior of the dome is gilded and adorned with beautiful art Gold… The rock in the center of the structure is called the Foundation Stone. According to the Jewish and Muslim faiths, this is where the world was founded. It is where Abraham nearly sacrificed his son Isaac (Mount Moriah), it is where the very center of the Temple, the Holy of Holies, was located (give or take a few feet – but who’s counting?) and according to Islam, from this very place, Mohammad ascended to heaven. According to Islamic tradition, from this very place, Muhammad ascended to Heaven accompanied by the angel Gabriel Below the Foundation Stone is a cave where, according to tradition, Mohammad prayed. The pillars seen in the picture are of secondary use, from the Crusade period when the Templar Knights lodged at the temple mount The Mihrab at the entrance to the cave is in honor of King Solomon and is probably one of the first prayer niches in the Muslim world The al-Aqsa Mosque, above the southern wall of the Temple (Hulda Gates) was first built at the beginning of the 8th century by the Caliph al-Walid.