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Insecticides and Their Uses in Minnesota-1966

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Insecticides and Their Uses in Minnesota-1966 Extension Bulletin 263-Revised Insecticides and their uses in Minnesota-1966 FOLLOW THE LABEL J. A. Lofgren and L. K. Cutkomp Agricultural Extension Service • University of Minnesota I nsecticides continue to be an essential part of insect 8. Cover food and water containers when treating control programs. Effective, safe, and economic insect around livestock or pet areas. Do not contami­ control depends upon proper identification of the pest, nate fish ponds. a knowledge of its habits and biology, and an intelli­ 9. Use separate equipment for applying hormone­ gent selection of the best combination of practices and type herbicides in order to avoid accidental in ­ chemicals available. jury to susceptible plants. It is extremely important to store and use all pesti­ 10. Always dispose of empty containers so that they cides properly to avoid injury to: create no hazard to humans, animals, or valu­ 1. The person applying the chemicals ; able plants. 2. Children and others who may come into contact 11. Observe label directions and cautions to keep with improperly stored chemicals or application residues on edible portions of plants within the equipment; limits permitted by law. 3. Treated crops or animals through overtreat­ 12. If symptoms of illness occur during or shortly ment, through selection of the wrong formula­ after spraying or dusting, call a physician or get tion, or because of illegal chemical residues; the patient to a hospital immediately. 4. Adjacent crops and livestock because of drift; 5. Fish, wildlife, and other nontarget organisms in Provide for Safe Disposal of Empty Containers the treated area. For all empty containers of all types: Do not re­ General Precautions for Using Pesticides use the container. Completely empty the contents and bury the unused chemical at least 18 inches deep in 1. Always read the label before using sprays or an isolated location away from water supplies. The dusts. Note warnings and cautions each time best place to take empty containers of all kinds is a before opening the container. properly operated sanitary landfill dump maintained 2. Keep sprays and dusts out of reach of children, by a city or community. If sucl1 a dump is. not..avail­ pets, and irresponsible people. They should be able, the following procedures auld be f{) llowed:; stored outside of the home, away from food and Glass containers: Break th co~tawe_r ~~ b y feed, and under lock and key. the pieces at least 18 inches de p Ud .n:isol:Oeil I a­ 3. Always store sprays and dusts in original con­ tion away from water supplies. tainers and keep them tightly closed. Never 1 Fiber and paper containers Burb tfu~ ' bYR keep them in anything but the original container. tainers completely. Exercise extreme caution an 4. Never smoke or eat while spraying or dusting. well away from the smoke. 5. Avoid inhaling sprays or dusts. When directed on the label, wear protective clothing and masks. Metal containers of highly toxic organic phosphates: 6. Do not spill sprays or dusts on the skin or cloth­ One-gallon cans: Pour 1 pint of water into the ing. If they are spilled, remove contaminated empty can and add 1 tablespoonful of household clothing immediately and wash thoroughly. detergent. Rotate the can carefully to wet all inner 7. Wash hands and face and change to clean cloth­ surfaces with the solution. Bury the rinse solution ing after spraying or dusting. Also wash clothing at least 18 inches deep in an isolated location away each day before reuse. from water supplies. Punch holes in the top and bottom of the can, sity of Minnesota; Institute of Agriculture; St. Paul, crush the can, and bury deeply in an isolated loca­ Minnesota 55101. tion. Five-gallon, thirty-gallon, and fifty-five gallon Phosphate-poisoning symptoms and antidotes drums: Pour the following mixture into the empty Many organic phosphate insecticides ( TEPP, para· container: thion, methyl parathion, tetraethyl dithiopyrophos­ Five-gallon drums-2 quarts water, Jf cup caustic phate, EPN, demeton, azinphosmethyl, mevinphos, soda (household lye), 2 tablespoonsful detergent. phorate, disulfoton, and schradan) are hazardous to Thirty-gallon drums-3 gallons water, 1 pound man during mixing operations and application. Con­ caustic soda (household lye), Jf cup detergent. tact with recently treated plants or surfaces may also Fifty-five gallon drums-5 gallons water, 2 pounds be hazardous. Certain organic phosphates have been caustic soda (household lye), 1 cup detergent. found which are considerably less toxic; malathion, Rotate container carefully until all inner surfaces dicapthon, coumaphos, and ronnel are much less toxic are thoroughly wet. Bury the rinse solution at least and diazinon, trichlorfon, and dioxathion are of inter­ 18 inches deep in an isolated area away from water mediate toxicity. supplies. All of the organic phosphates discussed, including the least toxic, produce similar symptoms in human Caution: Handle caustic soda (household lye) beings. All require the same antidote. The symptoms· with extreme care. Do not get on skin, in eyes or may be produced by absorption through the skin, on clothing. Read and carefully follow the precau­ inhalation, or swallowing. Signs of poisoning include tions on the package. Punch holes in the top and bottom of the con­ blurred vision (pinpoint pupils), abdominal cramps, tainer, crush the container, and bury deeply in an tightness of the chest, digestive upsets, sweating and excessive salivation, restlessness, giddiness, headache, isolated area. If the above rinse method cannot be used, punch and twitching of the facial and eye muscles. If any of these symptoms occur: holes in the TOP of the container and burn in a hot fire until all of the paint has been completely burned 1. Call physician immediately. off the container. Extreme caution should be exer­ 2. Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin cised to insure that the containers are completely thoroughly with soap and water. empty and that persons stay well away from the 3. If chemical has been swallowed, induce vom­ smoke and fumes. iting. Do not attempt to burn more than five containers 4. Keep patient quiet and warm. at one time. Under no conditions should empty pesticide con­ 5. Physician may administer atropine andjor 2- tainers be discarded in an open dump or other exposed p AM as an antidote. place. If you have had these symptoms from organic phosphorous compounds, do not handle the com­ pounds again until your physician determines by a Always read and follow the directions and precau­ blood analysis that your condition is satisfactory. tions on the label of a pesticide container. Handle Persons who often use these compounds should have empty containers as cm·efully as those that are full. analyses of the blood made at regular intervals. Chlorinated-hydrocarbon first aid Safety Precautions and First Aid For chlo1·inated hydrocarbons (such as aldrin, Precautions when using toxic phosphates BHC, chlordane, dieldrin, DDT, endrin, heptachlor, Use natural rubber gloves to prevent absorption lindane, methoxychlor, toxaphene, endosulfan): through the skin. Remove and wash contaminated 1. If chemical has been swallowed, call physician absorbent clothing. immediately. If patient is conscious, induce Avoid breathing any wettable powder dust or con­ vomiting with warm, salty water. Continue until tacting an emulsion. If this is unavoidable, use a res­ vomit fluid is clear. pirator specifically made for phosphates. A list of 2. If chemical has been spilled on the skin or cloth­ respirators can be obtained by writing to the Depart­ ing, remove clothing and wash skin thoroughly ment of Entomology, Fisheries, and Wildlife; Univer- with soap and water. Do not use kerosene, gaso­ line, or other solvents. J. A. Lofgren is professor and extension entomologist; L. K. Cutkomp is a professor in the Department of Entomology, Fisheries, and Wildlife. 3. Keep patient quiet and warm. Issued in furtherance of cooperative extension work in agriculture 4. Physician may administer sedatives such as and home economics, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Luther J. Pickrel, Director phenobarbital or other barbiturates to keep of Agricultural Extension Service, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101. Second printing, 1,500-4-66 patient calm or to control convulsions. 2 Minnesota poison information centers Virginia Virginia Municipal Hospital 741-3340 These centers have been established by the Minne­ sota Department of Health to provide physicians with Willmar Rice Memorial information about pesticides and common household Hospital 23.5-4543 poisons, their antidotes, and treatments. Most of these Worthington Worthington Me­ centers operate on a 24-hour basis. morial Municipal Hospital 376-4141 City Address Telephone Night: 376-4142 Bemidji Bemidji Hospital 751-5430 Regulations on Sale and Uses Brainerd St. Joseph's Hospital 2861 Crookston Bethesda Hospital 281-4682 The sale and uses of insecticides are regulated by St. Francis Hospital 281-2490 two federal acts and by corresponding state laws. The federal regulations cover the interstate phases of in­ Duluth St. Lukes Hospital 727-6636 secticide labeling and sales and the interstate move­ 915 E. 1st Street ment of treated foods or agricultural products. The Fergus Falls Lake Region 736-5475 state laws cover these areas within the state. Hospital Night: 736-3255 The federal acts are the Federal Insecticide, Fungi­ Mankato Immanuel Hospital 628-1605 cide, and Rodenticide Act, with amendments, and the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as amended. The In­ Marshall Lewis Weiner secticide, Fungicide; and Rodenticide Act is admin­ Memorial Hospital 532-2263 istrated by the USDA. It provides that all pesticides Minneapolis Division of Special sold in interstate commerce be approved and labeled Health Services 339-7751 according to its provisions. State Health Dept. Night: 339-1411 The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, with amend­ Abbott Hospital 339-8414 ments, is administered by the Food and Drug Admin­ llO E.
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