Diabetes Screening and Literacy Promotion at the 2013 Texas Folklife Festival ® Allison Hollek, Glenise Perez, RN, International Nursing Students Association, and M. Danet Lapiz Bluhm, PhD, RN School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Introduction Results

• Diabetes is highly prevalent in minority • Participants (N=150) were from diverse ethnic populations.1,2 groups: African (7%), Asian (9%), Caucasian • The rate of diabetes in the predominantly minority- (33%), and Hispanic (41%); 16% of which had no populated City of San Antonio is 14%, which is insurance while 31% had no primary care double the national average.2 provider. • Health literacy issues associated with minority • Their mean health screening scores were: BMI = populations may contribute to this problem. 27.6 (range:19-53), blood glucose level = 94.7 • This CSL project aimed to identify diabetes risk (range: 31-201) mg/dl, and cholesterol levels and increase public awareness to promote =165.9 (range: 79-294 ) mg/dl., and blood diabetes prevention and/or management as well as pressure = 124.4/75 mmHg (range: health literacy promotion. 95-164/54-100 mmHg). • 96% of the attendees did not know about the “Ask Me 3 campaign” and the three questions. However, following education, they expressed Table 1 confidence and willingness to use the three questions at their next healthcare provider visit. Participants’ Demographics • On average, the participants rated the service 4.8 out of 5, and that they learned how to keep Race/Ethnicity % themselves healthy (4.7/5). • At the follow-up phone interviews, 88% reported African-American 7 to have made improvements towards a healthier lifestyle since the screening. Asian 9 • Of these, 86% made improvements in at least one of the screening measures. Caucasian 33

Hispanic 41 Table 3 Range of Health Scores Other 10

Health Screening Range Table 2 Healthcare Access BMI 19-53

No Health Insurance 16% BP (mmHg) 95-164/54-100 No Primary Care Provider 31% Glucose (mg/dl) 31-201

Methods Cholesterol (mg/dl) 90-294 • Student volunteers provided health screenings at the 2013 Texas Folklife Festival in San Antonio, TX. • Volunteers assessed blood pressure, glucose, Figure 1 cholesterol, and body mass index (BMI). Health Improvement at Follow Up • They offered personalized health education on healthy lifestyle, and health literacy promotion using the “Ask me 3™” campaign.3 Reported Lifestyle Improvement since Health Screening

Ask Me 3™ Always ask these 3 questions Improvement when you meet your healthcare provider: No 1. What is my main problem? Improvement 2. What do I need to do?

3. Why is it important for me to do this? Conclusions • The health screening data indicate that the minority populations are vulnerable as they were mostly not aware of their risks nor of the tools to understand their healthcare issues. • The screening provided a much needed and highly appreciated health education and literacy promotion intervention to a diverse group of individuals. References 1. American Diabetes Association (n.d.) http:// www.diabetes.org/in-my-community/local-offices/san- antonio-texas/ utm_source=Offline&utm_medium=Print&utm_content=L ocalOffice-sanantonio&utm_campaign=CON . Retrieved January 25, 2013. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2011). http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2011.pdf . Retrieved January 25, 2013. 3. NPSF. (n.d.). Ask me 3. http://www.npsf.org/for- healthcare-professionals/programs/ask-me-3/ . Retrieved January 25, 2013. Acknowledgements

We thank the Center for Medical Humanities and Ethics of the UT Health Science Center at San Antonio and the Baptist Health Foundation for the funding support, the Institute of Texan Cultures for the community collaboration, and the many student volunteers who helped with the screening and the community participants who participated.