Jazz Carnático: Perspectivas Transculturais Em Música (2020)

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Jazz Carnático: Perspectivas Transculturais Em Música (2020) UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA – UDESC CENTRO DE ARTES – CEART PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO – PPGMUS YVES TANURI SANTOS CORREIA JAZZ CARNÁTICO: PERSPECTIVAS TRANSCULTURAIS EM MÚSICA FLORIANÓPOLIS 2020 YVES TANURI SANTOS CORREIA JAZZ CARNÁTICO: PERSPECTIVAS TRANSCULTURAIS EM MÚSICA Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de mestre em Música pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música do Centro de Artes – Ceart, da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina – Udesc. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Luigi Antonio Irlandini FLORIANÓPOLIS 2020 YVES TANURI SANTOS CORREIA JAZZ CARNÁTICO: PERSPECTIVAS TRANSCULTURAIS EM MÚSICA Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de mestre em Música pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música do Centro de Artes da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, área de concentração Processos Criativos. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Luigi Antonio Irlandini BANCA EXAMINADORA Orientador: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Prof. Dr. Luigi Antonio Irlandini Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC Membros: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Prof. Dr. Luiz Henrique Fiaminghi Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Prof. Dr. Alexy Gaione Viegas de Araújo Universidade Estadual do Paraná - UNESPAR –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Prof. Dr. Guilherme Sauerbronn de Barros Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina – UDESC (suplente) Florianópolis, 23 de Novembro de 2020. AGRADECIMENTOS O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Código de Financiamento 001. Gostaria de agradecer ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música da UDESC por tornar esta pesquisa possível. Gratidão a todos os professores e técnicos com quem tive a oportunidade de dividir os dias de intenso aprendizado. Agradeço especialmente ao meu orientador, Dr. Luigi Irlandini, pelo apoio, confiança e contribuições prestadas durante a realização deste trabalho, e ao Dr. Luiz Fiaminghi e Dr. Alexy Viegas pelas importantes observações realizadas na etapa de qualificação. Agradeço também à minha família: aos meus pais, Márcia e Rubens, pelo amor incondicional, confiança plena e liberdade com que me presentearam por toda a vida, e aos meus irmãos, Ivan e Kevin, pela alegria, disposição, compreensão, assistencialidade e acolhimento de sempre. Gostaria ainda de agradecer ao grande amigo Igor Dias, pelo apoio em todas as etapas de realização desta pesquisa, empatia inigualável, sábios conselhos e antiga parceria, e a Felipe Florentino, por sua contagiante energia, ensinamentos transformadores, estímulos artísticos e irmandade musical. Agradecimento especial a Victor Bub pelo compartilhamento da sua experiência musical e orientações prestadas na seção 2.1 deste trabalho. A todas as pessoas, amigos incríveis e grandes músicos que tive o privilégio de conhecer durante esse intenso processo de aprendizado e transformação, por terem contribuído para que este trabalho fosse realizado com muito carinho e dedicação. RESUMO A assimilação e aplicação de conceitos da música carnática em contextos ocidentais têm representado um desafio na contemporaneidade. É compreendido que a difusão da música hindustani no ocidente tem sido superior à da música carnática. Este trabalho objetiva promover uma melhor compreensão acerca dos conceitos provenientes da música clássica do Sul da Índia e suas possíveis aplicações no âmbito do jazz contemporâneo. Nesse contexto, surgem questões relacionadas à processos criativos interculturais. Para se verificar a possibilidade de realizações e avanços neste campo, são incialmente apresentados diversos aspectos do universo musical carnático. Algumas das primeiras manifestações de interação entre o jazz e a música indiana foram examinadas. Questões mais específicas em relação ao jazz carnático foram apresentadas e discussões sobre interculturalidade observadas. Por fim, a aplicação de estruturas rítmicas da música carnática foram analisadas a partir de composições elaboradas durante a realização deste estudo. Os resultados encontrados partir das composições analisadas revelaram algumas possíveis perspectivas no âmbito da transculturalidade musical contemporânea. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que estruturas rítmicas da música carnática possuem aplicações efetivas no âmbito do jazz contemporâneo. Nesse sentido, o jazz carnático pode ser considerado um campo de aplicações eficazes em relação ao desenvolvimento de perspectivas musicais contemporâneas efetivamente transculturais. Palavras-chave: música carnática. jazz. composição. ritmo. transculturalidade. ABSTRACT The assimilation and application of Carnatic music concepts in western contexts has been a challenge in contemporary times. It is understood that the spread of Hindustani music in the West has been superior to that of Carnatic music. This work aims to promote a better understanding of the concepts from classical music in South India and their possible applications in the context of contemporary jazz. In this context, questions arise related to intercultural creative processes. To verify the possibility of achievements and advances in this field, various aspects of the Carnatic musical universe are initially presented. Some of the first manifestations of interaction between jazz and Indian music were examined. More specific questions regarding Carnatic jazz were presented and discussions about interculturality were observed. Finally, the application of rhythmic structures of Carnatic music were analyzed from compositions developed during the course of this study. The results found from the analyzed compositions revealed some possible perspectives in the context of contemporary musical transculturality. The results of this study suggest that rhythmic structures of Carnatic music have effective applications in the context of contemporary jazz. In this sense, Carnatic jazz can be considered a field of effective applications in relation to the development of contemporary musical perspectives that are effectively cross-cultural. Keywords: Carnatic music. Jazz. Composition. Rhythm. Transculturality. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Figura 1 - Tala Pramana e gati tisra no primeiro compasso de Orishiva .................................. 93 Figura 2 - Aplicação de gati bhedam em Orishiva ................................................................... 94 Figura 3 - Aplicações de gati bhedam durante 3 ciclos do tala ................................................ 97 Figura 4 - Seção da peça em gati diferente ............................................................................... 97 Figura 5 - Outras aplicações de gati bhedam durante 3 ciclos do tala ...................................... 98 Figura 6 - Rompimento com a lógica do gati vruksha e reexposição do tema ......................... 98 Figura 7 - Tema e gati bhedam para a próxima seção ............................................................ 100 Figura 8 - Modelo aplicado na seção A: exposição do gati, sangati rítmico, fragmento da frase inicial e gathi bhedam para trecho subsequente ................................................. 100 Figura 9 - Tema na 2ª velocidade de chatusra e transposição ................................................ 101 Figura 10 - Modelo aplicado na seção C: gati misra, kaarvai e sangati rítmico ..................... 101 Figura 11 - Coda: mudança de gati, kaarvai e sangati rítmico final ....................................... 101 Figura 12 - Exposição do tema e aplicação do jahti bhedam original .................................... 103 Figura 13 - Variação 1: transformação e ampliação da sequência original ............................ 103 Figura 14 - Variação 2: duas notas por fragmento ................................................................. 104 Figura 15 - Variação 3: três notas por fragmento ................................................................... 104 Figura 16 - Variação 4: fraseamento livre .............................................................................. 104 Figura 17 - Variação 1 do jathi bhedam modificada e fragmentada (fragmentos A, B e C) .. 105 Figura 18 - Mesma ordem de fragmentos (variações internas) .............................................. 106 Figura 19 - Mesma ordem das células, variação dos fragmentos e inclusão de mukthay curto ........................................................................................................................... 107 Figura 20 - Preenchimento e mesma ordem de fragmentos ................................................... 107 Figura 21 - Alternância entre fragmentos e células de preenchimento .................................. 108 Figura 22 - Reorganização dos fragmentos e preenchimento através de mukthay curto ....... 108 Figura 23 - Reorganização das células de preenchimento e reexposição do tema ................. 108 Figura 24 - Sama mukthay 1 e reexposição integral do tema ................................................. 110 Figura 25 - Sama mukthay 2 e rearmonização do tema original ............................................ 110 Figura 26 - Sama mukthay 4 e transposição do tema original ................................................ 111 Figura 27 - Sama mukthay 5 e rearmonização do tema transposto ........................................ 111 Figura 28 - Desenvolvimento do sama mukthay 5 e fragmento transposto do tema .............. 112 Figura 29 - Desenvolvimento 1 do sama mukthay 5 .............................................................
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