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Afghanistan Rural Water Sector Public Disclosure Authorized Afghanistan Rural Water Sector Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 27/4/2012 Developing Sector Strategies and Options to Support the Sector OUTPUT 3: Institutional Development for the Rural Water Sector Commissioned by World Bank - MRRD Public Disclosure Authorized Afghanistan Rural Water Sector This report has been commissioned by the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development MRRD for the Rural Water and Sanitation Sector (RWSS) project, and specifically for the work package “Developing sector strategies and options to support the sector”. Financial support for the study was provided by AusAid and the World Bank. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the World Bank Group. SIM- SpA Afghanistan Branch in Kabul provided all the necessary logistic and administrative support. Prepared by SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI MONITORAGGIO (SIM) in joint venture with S.W.S. For questions or comments concerning any aspect of the survey and this report please contact: SIM S.P.A. Afghanistan Branch Tel: +93 (0) 202202043 E-Mail: [email protected] Skype:Sim.Afghanistan; Head Office: Via Ticino 6, 00152, Rome, Italy © MINISTRY OF RURAL REHABILITATION AND DEVELOPMENT (MRRD) OF AFGHANISTAN. August, 2012 Picture: ©2011 Wahid Ghanizada, Herat Province Acknowledgements We are grateful for the assistance provided by all RWSS stakeholders in Afghanistan, for giving us access to all available data and information, in sharing with us their concerns, successes, challenges, lessons learned and good practices in the rural water sector. In particular the support from and discussions held with His Excellency Wais Ahmad Barmak, Minister of MRRD, Eng. Ghulam Qader, Executive Director of the Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Irrigation Programme at MRRD, and Eng. Safi who have shared valuable experiences and visions, helping us to make our study authentic and sound in its analysis and conclusions. Special thanks also goes to Mr. Srinivas Podipireddy, Sr. Water and Sanitation Specialist, at World Bank, and to all staff of MRRD for facilitating contact with other stakeholders, including other ministries, NGOs and the private sector. Thanks also goes to all those who commented on the draft reports, especially MRRD and the World Bank. AFGHANISTAN- Rural Water and Sanitation Sector- TECHNICAL OPTIONS REPORT 2 Afghanistan Rural Water Sector AFGHANISTAN RURAL WATER SECTOR Developing sector strategies and options to support the sector Institutional Development for the Rural Water Secto r Table of Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 1. OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................................. 7 2. COUNTRY FRAMEWORK .............................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 DEMOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 MORPHOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 HYDROLOGY ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 HYDROGEOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.4.1 GENERAL ASPECTS ................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.4.2 AQUIFER RECHARGE ............................................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.3 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES : AVAILABILITY AND USE .................................................................................................... 13 2.5 CLIMATES ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 3. STATUS OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY SECTOR IN THE COUNTRY ................................................................................ 17 3.1 RURAL WATER DEMAND AND NATIONAL OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................ 17 3.2 EXISTING RURAL WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES ......................................................................................................... 17 3.3 RESOURCE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................................ 17 4. TECHNICAL CHOICES OF WATER AND SANITATION SUB-PROJECTS REQUIRED FOR PRIORITIZED PROVINCES ..... 18 4.1 GENERAL ASPECTS ............................................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 RECOMMENDED TECHNICAL OPTIONS ACCORDING TO PROVINCIAL LEVEL CONDITIONS .................................. 19 4.2.1 DUG WELLS .......................................................................................................................................................... 19 4.2.2 BOREHOLES .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 4.2.3 FLOWING WATER – KAREZES , SPRINGS ...................................................................................................................... 20 4.2.4 SURFACE WATER .................................................................................................................................................... 20 4.2.5 SOCIAL DESIGN PARAMETRES TO CONSIDER ................................................................................................................. 21 4.3 FEEDBACKS FROM TECHNICAL OPTIONS CHOICES FROM STAKEHOLDERS’ WORKSHOP ..................................... 21 5. TECHNICAL GUIDANCE STRATEGY ON REVIVING OR REHABILITATING EXISTING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ......... 23 5.1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................................................... 23 5.2 PROPOSED SCHEME OF A RURAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM .................................................................................. 23 5.2.1 DESCRIPTION OF SCHEME ........................................................................................................................................ 23 5.2.2 FIELDS OF APPLICATION ........................................................................................................................................... 24 5.2.2 EVALUATION OF FLOW RATES ................................................................................................................................... 24 5.2.4 DESIGN PARAMETERS .............................................................................................................................................. 25 5.3. GUIDANCE ON DRILLING ..................................................................................................................................... 25 5.3.1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................. 25 5.3.2 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FILTER PACK , CASING , IMPLEMENTATION AND SAMPLING .............................................. 25 5.3.3 DRILLING DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................................................................................... 27 5.3.4 PUMPING TEST ...................................................................................................................................................... 27 AFGHANISTAN- Rural Water and Sanitation Sector- TECHNICAL OPTIONS REPORT 3 Afghanistan Rural Water Sector 5.4. GUIDANCE ON WATER ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................ 27 5.5. GUIDANCE ON CONDUCTION PIPES .................................................................................................................... 28 5.5.1 PIPE DESIGN .......................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.5.2 MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................................... 29 5.5.3 COMPLEMENTARY DEVICES ...................................................................................................................................... 29 5.6. GUIDANCE ON WATER TOWERS
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