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Western Basins Water Resources Management and Irrigated Agriculture Development Project (Cofinanced by the Government of Canada)

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Western Basins Water Resources Management and Irrigated Agriculture Development Project (Cofinanced by the Government of Canada) Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 36252 July 2005 Islamic Republic of Afghanistan: Western Basins Water Resources Management and Irrigated Agriculture Development Project (Cofinanced by the Government of Canada) FINAL REPORT Prepared by SMEC International in Association with Agrisystems Limited For the Ministry of Irrigation, Water Resources and Environment This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Western Basins Project Final TA Report Volume 1: Main Report July 2005 Table of Contents Western Basins Project Final TA Report – July 2005 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................................... 1 1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 1 2 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ................................. 3 3 BACKGROUND RATIONALE AND JUSTIFICATION .................................................... 4 3.1 Policy Framework ....................................................................................................... 4 3.1.1 The Water Sector Institutional Context...................................................................... 5 3.1.2 Main Stakeholders in Water Resources at Government Level and their Roles ........ 5 3.1.3 Policy Issues and Institutional Capacity .................................................................... 7 3.1.4 Strategies .................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 The Natural Resource Base of the Western Basin .................................................. 7 3.2.1 Irrigated Land ............................................................................................................8 3.2.2 Potential New Land or Increase in Irrigated Areas.................................................. 12 3.2.3 Surface Water in the Hari Rud ................................................................................ 12 3.2.4 Potential Impacts of Salma Dam ............................................................................. 13 3.2.5 Groundwater in the Hari Rud................................................................................... 13 3.3 The Agricultural Base of the Western Basin .......................................................... 14 3.3.1 General Description of the Sector ........................................................................... 14 3.3.2 Poppies and Alternative Livelihoods ....................................................................... 14 3.3.3 Expected Changes in Income and Population ........................................................ 15 3.3.4 Impact on Agriculture from Increases in Incomes and Population .......................... 15 3.4 Social Change ........................................................................................................... 17 3.5 Traditional Water Management................................................................................ 18 3.6 Longer Term Objective of a Western Basin Authority .......................................... 18 3.6.1 Support for a River Basin Approach........................................................................ 19 3.6.2 Key Areas to Develop in Support of a Basin Approach........................................... 19 3.7 The Western Basin Project Approach..................................................................... 19 3.7.1 Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) ................................................ 20 3.7.2 Water Resources and Irrigation Development (WRID) ........................................... 20 3.7.3 Agricultural Livelihoods Support Services (ALSS) .................................................. 21 3.7.4 Project Management and Capacity Building ........................................................... 21 4 COMPONENT 1: INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT..................... 22 4.1 Background............................................................................................................... 22 4.2 Decision Support Tools............................................................................................ 22 4.2.1 Climate and Surface Water ..................................................................................... 23 4.2.2 Groundwater Monitoring and Modelling .................................................................. 23 4.2.2.1 Outline of the Groundwater Monitoring and Modelling Strategy ...................... 23 4.2.2.2 Groundwater Irrigation Demonstrations ........................................................... 24 4.2.3 GIS and Database Support ..................................................................................... 24 4.2.3.1 Outcomes......................................................................................................... 25 i Table of Contents Western Basins Project Final TA Report – July 2005 4.3 Community Based Water Management .................................................................. 25 4.3.1 The River Basin Institutional Arrangements ............................................................ 25 Other Institutional Arrangements.................................................................................... 26 4.3.2 Outcomes................................................................................................................ 26 4.4 Technical Support for Component 1....................................................................... 27 4.4.1 International............................................................................................................. 27 4.4.2 National ................................................................................................................... 27 5 COMPONENT 2: WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT........... 28 5.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 28 5.2 Core Sub Project Selection Criteria ........................................................................ 28 5.3 Sub Projects.............................................................................................................. 31 5.3.1 Sub project 1: Rehabilitation of Jui Nau Irrigation System ...................................... 31 5.3.1.1 Canal Inventory................................................................................................ 31 5.3.1.2 Key rehabilitation and development issues...................................................... 34 5.3.1.3 Proposed Rehabilitation Works........................................................................ 34 5.3.1.4 Capital costs..................................................................................................... 35 5.3.1.5 Maintenance costs........................................................................................... 35 5.3.1.6 Water availability.............................................................................................. 36 5.3.1.7 Benefit summary.............................................................................................. 37 5.3.2 Sub Project 2: Obe Wash Water Resource Development....................................... 40 5.3.2.1 Sub project concept and works ........................................................................ 40 5.3.2.2 Capital cost...................................................................................................... 42 5.3.2.3 Maintenance costs........................................................................................... 42 5.3.2.4 Water availability.............................................................................................. 43 5.3.2.5 Summary of benefits ........................................................................................ 43 5.3.3 Sub Project 3: Rehabilitation of Sare Pul Irrigation Systems .................................. 45 5.3.3.1 Inventory .......................................................................................................... 45 5.3.3.2 Sub project description..................................................................................... 46 5.3.3.3 Capital costs..................................................................................................... 48 5.3.3.4 Maintenance costs........................................................................................... 48 5.3.3.5 Water availability.............................................................................................. 49 5.3.3.6 Summary of benefits ........................................................................................ 50 5.3.4 Sub Project 4: Pashdan Wash Water Resource Development ............................... 52 5.3.4.1 Sub project concept......................................................................................... 52 5.3.4.2 Capital costs..................................................................................................... 55 5.3.4.3 Maintenance costs........................................................................................... 55 5.3.4.4 Water availability.............................................................................................
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