KN-PM-9.12-Younghusband+S1+&+

Contents

1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Context ...... 1 1.2 Key Strategies and Actions ...... 2 1.2.1 Strategy 1: Encourage Sustainable Travel Modes ...... 2 1.2.2 Strategy 2: Promote Walking And Cycling ...... 2 1.2.3 Strategy 3: Promote Public Transport ...... 2 1.2.4 Strategy 4: Optimise Clean and Shared Vehicle Use...... 3 1.2.5 Strategy 5: Development-Wide Transport Performance Monitoring for Younghusband...... 3 1.3 Key Outcomes ...... 3 1.4 Credit Criteria ...... 5 2 Background to the Green Travel Plan ...... 6 2.1 Overview ...... 6 2.2 Development Stages ...... 6 2.3 This Green Travel Plan ...... 7 2.4 Objectives of the Green Travel Plan ...... 8 3 Policy Context...... 9 3.1 Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan ...... 9 3.1.1 Transport and access ...... 12 3.1.2 Public Realm ...... 14 4 Applicants’ Philosophy ...... 16 4.1 Who we are – Impact Investment Group ...... 16 4.2 Leading by Example ...... 16 5 Travel Accessibility at Younghusband ...... 17 5.1 Public Transport Accessibility ...... 17 5.1.1 Current Public Transport Services ...... 17 5.1.2 Future Public Transport Services ...... 18 5.2 Walking...... 19 5.3 Cycling ...... 20 5.4 Vehicles ...... 20 6 Future Travel Patterns ...... 23 6.1 Overview ...... 23 6.2 Improving Transport Facilities ...... 23 6.2.1 Walking ...... 24

6.2.2 Cycling ...... 26 7 Green Travel Plan Governance ...... 28 7.1 Impact Investment Group ...... 28 7.2 Travel Co-ordinator ...... 28 8 Strategies and Actions ...... 29 8.1 Strategy 1: Encourage Sustainable Travel Modes ...... 29 8.1.1 Action 1: Travel Information Pack ...... 29 8.1.2 Action 2: Travel Information Points ...... 30 8.1.3 Action 3: Marketing the Green Travel Plan ...... 31 8.1.4 Action 4: Travel Information Website ...... 31 8.2 Strategy 2: Promote Walking and Cycling ...... 32 8.2.1 Action 5: Younghusband Bicycle Sharing Scheme Electric Bikes ...... 32 8.3 Strategy 3: Promote Public Transport ...... 34 8.3.1 Action 6: Younghusband Myki Passes for Commuting and Work-Based Trips ...... 34 8.4 Strategy 4: Optimise Clean and shared Vehicle Use ...... 35 8.4.1 Action 7: Car Sharing Scheme...... 36 8.4.2 Action 8: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure – Private and Car Share ...... 36 8.5 Strategy 5: Development-Wide Transport Performance Monitoring for Younghusband .... 37 8.5.1 Action 9: Baseline Monitoring ...... 37 8.5.2 Action 10: Regular Monitoring ...... 39 8.5.3 Action 11: Reviewing the Green Travel Plan ...... 40

1 Introduction

1.1 CONTEXT

This Green Travel Plan supports a commercial development in Kensington, which is known as Younghusband, and is located on land abutting Chelmsford, Elizabeth and Barrett Streets. The landowner and developer for the site is the Impact Investment Group. Younghusband is within the Arden-Macaulay urban renewal precinct, which straddles Kensington and North Melbourne.

The development site is located within the Arden-Macaulay urban renewal precinct and is well placed to capitalise on excellent existing nearby public transport services and established bicycle and pedestrian networks. The presence of these existing comprehensive public transport and active transport networks provides the ideal environment to sustain low levels of car dependency and promote sustainable travel behaviour by tenants and visitors of the different development components proposed for the Younghusband site.

The City of Melbourne has prepared a structure plan as a framework to guide that growth and process of change for Arden-Macaulay. The ‘Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan’, released in 2012 by the City of Melbourne, states that “Arden-Macaulay enjoys a high level of public transport provision, including three train stations, tram and bus routes.” This public transport accessibility will improve further with the completion of the Melbourne Metro, and other projects that will deliver enhanced public transport accessibility. The structure plan’s transport and infrastructure outcomes include:

• Establishing excellent new and proposed public transport connections to create well-connected areas • Enabling a local residential and working population that will use the expanded public transport network • Reducing the car parking provision to levels conducive to inner city urban living that are well supported by alternative transport networks (walking, cycling and public transport)

In support of these outcomes, the structure plan identifies a package of specific public transport, pedestrian and bicycle network improvements – many of which will provide direct benefit and enhance access to and from the Younghusband site.

The unique accessibility of Arden-Macaulay offers particular scope for a range of land uses and this is reflected in the planning application processes for mixed use development being pursued by Impact Investment Group. More specifically, the land uses proposed under the Younghusband masterplan (office, education, industry, manufacturing sales, food and arts) are the ideal mix to attract future occupants prepared to make travel choices by public transport and active transport modes.

The Green Travel Plan is one of a number of documents that has been prepared for submission in support of the formal planning applications for the Younghusband development. It has been prepared with the active involvement and support of Impact Investment Group. It takes due account of published Best Practice about Green Travel Plans and explains how the development would work to improve the already excellent travel choices and facilities and promote and encourage sustainable – greener, cleaner and more active – travel choices, in line with national, state and local policies.

As Younghusband becomes operational, the Green Travel Plan will be supported by an on-site travel co-ordinator, travel information points, comprehensive travel information available to all site tenants and visitors, secure parking facilities for bicycles, access to shared electric bicycles and vehicles, and a commitment to ongoing monitoring and review of this plan. Impact Investment Group is committed to working with the site’s future tenants to implement, review and improve this Green Travel Plan alongside several phases of development.

1.2 KEY STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS

The Green Travel Plan includes a detailed set of strategies and supporting actions, designed to address the specific travel needs of tenants and visitors of the Younghusband development. The strategies provide the foundation for achieving the high-level ‘green travel’ goal for the site – that most trips to/from the Younghusband development are undertaken by green travel modes (e.g., walking, cycling, public transport, shared mobility and ‘clean’ vehicles). The supporting actions are the specific activities that Impact Investment Group will implement to deliver each strategy.

The five strategies and respective supporting actions are summarised below and discussed in detail in Chapter 8.

1.2.1 STRATEGY 1: ENCOURAGE SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL MODES

Impact Investment Group will encourage tenants to take steps to facilitate the use of sustainable travel modes by their tenants and visitors.

• Action 1: Travel Information Pack: Impact Investment Group will prepare a Younghusband travel brochure (with information on travel alternatives to/from the site) for distribution to tenants and visitors, as well as the neighbouring residential and commercial properties. • Action 2: Travel Information Points: Impact Investment Group will establish, within the Younghusband development, travel information points, where tenants and visitors can access travel information. • Action 3: Marketing the Green Travel Plan – Impact Investment Group will work to ensure that all tenants and visitors to Younghusband are kept informed of the various travel choices and facilities that are available to them, as the development is built-out and occupied over time. • Action 4: Travel Information Website – Impact Investment Group will develop and maintain a development- specific web site. The website will include resources to help users travel to/from the development site using sustainable travel modes.

1.2.2 STRATEGY 2: PROMOTE WALKING AND CYCLING

Impact Investment Group will encourage tenants to walk and cycle for the majority of their trips to/from the Younghusband development site by providing a range of services and facilities. The development will provide access to shared electric bicycles for tenants and visitors, as well as for residents of Kensington that become members of the scheme.

• Action 5: Electric Bikes – Impact Investment Group will establish a Younghusband electric bicycle share scheme to allow tenants and visitors to borrow bicycles (at no cost) for work related trips.

1.2.3 STRATEGY 3: PROMOTE PUBLIC TRANSPORT

Impact Investment Group will encourage tenants to use public transport for trips to/from the Younghusband development site by providing information and financial incentives.

• Action 6: Younghusband Myki Passes for Commuting and Work-Based Trips – Impact Investment Group will provide monthly Myki passes for use by all new tenants of the Younghusband development. The passes will be for commuting and work-based trips. The passes will be provided to tenants for distribution to employees. The average ratio for the allocation of passes will be one pass for every six employees – the total number of passes to be provided will be approximately 650.

1.2.4 STRATEGY 4: OPTIMISE CLEAN AND SHARED VEHICLE USE

Impact Investment Group will encourage the use of shared and electric vehicles to reduce the number of trips by car and the energy consumption and emissions associated with car travel.

• Action 7: Car Sharing Scheme – Impact Investment Group will facilitate the setting up of a car-share scheme within the development (for use by tenants, visitors and residents of the neighbouring residential areas). Priority spaces (closest to building and/or carpark access points) will be provided for car share vehicles. • Action 8: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure – Impact Investment Group will provide and market recharging points for electric vehicles within the development, and promote the use of electric shared vehicles within the development.

1.2.5 STRATEGY 5: DEVELOPMENT-WIDE TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE MONITORING FOR YOUNGHUSBAND

Impact Investment Group will monitor travel behaviour performance at the development level – this will provide a ‘snapshot in time’ view of travel patterns. The primary objective is to determine how people travel to/from the site and, in doing so, how successful the initiatives developed as part of the Green Travel Plan are in discouraging the use of private cars and encouraging travel on foot, by bike and on public transport.

• Action 9: Baseline Monitoring – Impact Investment Group will undertake a detailed baseline monitoring program immediately prior to the opening of each of the development components to determine ‘what are people doing today’ in terms of their travel behaviour patterns for ‘journey to work’ trips. • Action 10: Regular Monitoring – Impact Investment Group will undertake regular monitoring (every 12 months) to confirm travel mode choice patterns for the ‘journey to work’ trips of tenants at the Younghusband development site. • Action 11: Reviewing the Green Travel Plan – Impact Investment Group will update the Green Travel Plan regularly. The Green Travel Plan will be a ‘live’ document and as such will be updated and adjusted over time to ensure that the strategies and actions outlined in each successive version are relevant and promote ‘green’ travel behaviour by tenants and visitors of the Younghusband development site.

1.3 KEY OUTCOMES

The Green Travel Plan identifies mechanisms to discourage private vehicle use and encourage the use of sustainable transport modes by the tenants of the Younghusband development. Contents typically include:

• A description of the location in the context of alternative modes of transport and objectives • Tenant welcome packs including public transport timetables relevant to the local area and incentives.

The Green Travel Plan has been assembled to address the relevant aspects identified under the Green Building Council of Australia’s “Green Star Performance v1 Submission Guidelines” (Green Star – Performance is one of the four Green Star rating tools available for certification of design, construction and operation of buildings, fitouts and communities). More specifically, Green Star – Performance assesses the operational performance of buildings across nine impact categories, namely:

• Management • Indoor environment quality (IEQ) • Energy • Transport

• Water • Materials • Land use and ecology • Emissions • Innovation

The ‘Green Star Points’ available under each category are shown below:

Note: Innovation provides an additional potential 10 points – thus bringing the total to 110.

The Transport category “aims to reward projects that facilitate a reduction of building occupants' dependency on single occupant motor vehicles as a means of reducing overall greenhouse gas emissions by influencing commuting habits based on location, and on transport-related services offered”. There are two specific assessment criteria under the “Transport” category (numbered 17 and 18 – out of the list of 30 across the nine categories) – and each criterion has been assigned a potential ‘score’ in terms of ‘Green Star Points’. Thus, in preparing a Green Travel Plan for Younghusband, our focus is to consider the assessment criteria under the “Transport” category, to the extent to which they are relevant (see Table 1).

Table 1: Green Star Transport Assessment Criteria and Points

Code Number Assessment Criterion Green Star Points Available 17 Sustainable Transport Program 4 18 Transport Modes 3

It is important, in preparing a Green Travel Plan to consider that the 'Transport' category rewards projects that achieve the following outcomes:

Reduction of Carbon-Intensive Modes of Transport

• Facilitation/encouragement of the use of alternative transport options, such as carpooling/sharing or bicycles • Initiatives that measure the use of transport modes for commuting, and reduce impacts from conventional single-occupant vehicles.

Furthermore, the Green Building Council of Australia’s “Green Star Performance v1 Submission Guidelines” provide guidance on the preparation of a Green Travel Plan by giving the following general descriptions:

“A Green Travel Plan outlines a collection of strategies, targets and actions designed to encourage the use of more sustainable methods of transport, such as walking and cycling for short trips, or public transport and carpooling for longer trips. The aim is to reduce the frequency of single-occupancy car trips, where possible."

" ... The building has a number of features that support the use of active transport for the daily commute, and other forms of healthy living. ( .. .) The owner implemented a range of information and communication strategies to assist occupants with trip planning, with the aim of maximising the use of public transport, walking and cycling to access the office."

1.4 CREDIT CRITERIA

In reviewing both of the Transport Assessment Criteria (as described in the Green Building Council of Australia’s “Green Star Performance v1 Submission Guidelines”) it is evident that both the “Sustainable Transport Program” and “Transport Modes” criteria are of relevance for the purposes of providing guidance to Younghusband’s Green Travel Plan.

The points awarded for specific elements of the “Sustainable Transport Program” criterion (17.1 to 17.4) and “Transport Modes” criterion (18.1 and 18.2) are presented in Table 2. The Green Travel Plan will therefore incorporate elements that help to address items 17.1 to 17.4 and 18.1, 18.2.

Table 2: Elements and Points for the Green Star Transport Assessment Criteria

2 Background to the Green Travel Plan

2.1 OVERVIEW

The Younghusband development consists of three neighbouring properties in the inner northwest of Melbourne, within an area designated by the City of Melbourne for extensive urban renewal. The properties cover more than 1.5 hectares and have approximately 30,000m2 of lettable area.

The centrepiece of the development site is the historic, character-imbued Younghusband Woolstore, a red-brick warehouse style building with a sawtooth roof and abundant natural light. The second property is a one-story red brick building, and the third is an undeveloped lot, currently used for ad-hoc car parking. The existing building fabric at Younghusband will be retained, and the inside of buildings will be retrofitted for multiple commercial tenancies and amenities.

The investment strategy is to gradually increase the rental income from existing and new tenants, refurbish and partially redevelop the properties, improving their fabric and services to increase their value and sustainability. Impact Investment Group intends to hold the properties for a term of 10 years. Impact Investment Group’s long- term vision for the site is to produce a community-focussed commercial hub, encompassing art, education, technology, hospitality, artisan manufacturing and innovation.

2.2 DEVELOPMENT STAGES

The site is expected to be developed in stages – indicatively shown as stages S1 to S5 in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Land Affected by Proposed Younghusband development

A summary of the proposed development is shown in Table 1. The land uses proposed under the Younghusband masterplan (office, education, industry, manufacturing sales, food and arts) are the ideal mix to attract future occupants prepared to make travel choices by public transport and active transport modes.

Table 3: Existing and Proposed Uses in the Younghusband Development Site

Existing Floor Area Proposed Floor Area Net Change Development Component (square metres) (square metres) (square metres) Food and Drink Premises 0 900 900

Restaurant 0 1824 1824 Arts and Craft Centre 232 310 78 (Gallery) Arts and Craft Centre 1439 2242 803 (Artist Studio) Office 1887 26500 24613

Warehouse 3956 1230 ‐2726

Education Centre 0 123 123

Restricted Recreational Facility 937 310 ‐627

Industry 4666 5000 334

Dancing School 1666 1600 ‐66

Total 14783 40039 25256

2.3 THIS GREEN TRAVEL PLAN

The Green Travel Plan is one of a number of documents that has been prepared and submitted in support of the Younghusband planning applications. Furthermore, the Green Building Council of Australia’s “Green Star Performance v1 Submission Guidelines” provides guidance on the preparation of a Green Travel Plan by giving the following general descriptions:

" ... The building has a number of features that support the use of active transport for the daily commute, and other forms of healthy living. The owner implemented a range of information and communication strategies to assist occupants with trip planning, with the aim of maximising the use of public transport, walking and cycling to access the office."

This Green Travel Plan adopts a long-term perspective, reflecting the phased development of Younghusband. It explains how Impact Investment Group will work together with the site’s future tenants and others to implement and improve a package of strategies and actions over several phases of development, over the next 5-10 years. The Green Travel Plan purposefully adopts a wide focus, deliberately integrating with the wider surrounding region.

The Green Travel Plan has been prepared following discussions with City of Melbourne, public transport operators, shared mobility operators, existing tenants and residents in the neighbouring community. The Green Travel Plan also considers the extensive feedback received through the comprehensive consultation and engagement activities undertaken by Impact Investment Group with a wide range of stakeholders during April 2017.

2.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE GREEN TRAVEL PLAN

Impact Investment Group seek to ensure that the strategies and actions (see Chapter 8) contained in this Green Travel Plan contribute to sustainable development and sustainable transport objectives to a greater degree than would arise simply from the nature of the site and its location. The Green Travel Plan is part of the strategy developed by Impact Investment Group to achieve this.

Green Travel Plans are widely accepted as a positive way for organisations to contribute towards the ‘sustainable’ policy agenda. The primary objectives of the Green Travel Plan are to:

• Reduce the need for travel • Promote and encourage the use of sustainable modes of transport - walking, cycling and public transport - and to minimise reliance on the private car • Understand how people travel to and from Younghusband as it develops over time • Improve the quality of travel information available to tenants and visitors • Develop initiatives in partnership with incoming businesses and other stakeholders

This would help to achieve many benefits, including:

• Reduced congestion and journey times • Reduced parking demand • Improved air quality, less noise and pollution • Reduced energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions • Improved health of tenants, visitors and the neighbouring residential communities

The Green Travel Plan recognises the need to maintain a balance between objectives whilst still being adaptable to meet varying priorities over time.

3 Policy Context

The Green Travel Plan has been prepared considering relevant policy advice at the local level promoting sustainable development and sustainable transport. There is no standard format or content for travel plans, and they may have a variety of names (such as green transport plans, company travel plans and school travel plans). However, their relevance to planning lies in the delivery of sustainable transport objectives, including a reduction in private car usage (particularly single occupancy journeys) and increased use of public transport, walking and cycling.

The purpose of the Green Travel Plan is to facilitate the delivery of mitigation measures and the implementation of the key transport objectives for the site. The Green Travel Plan will act as an ongoing management tool to guide each stage of the overall development. It will also provide a framework for travel plans for individual businesses and tenants (if relevant). Examples of measures that are generally incorporated in Green Travel Plans include:

• High quality walking and cycle routes • The incorporation of secure cycle storage facilities • Public transport promotion and initiatives, such as the provision of information and free ticket passes • Bike and car sharing schemes • The provision of recharging points for vehicles powered by alternative (zero or low emission) fuels • The promotion and encouragement of ‘green travel’ planning and practices among site tenants

The Green Travel Plan establishes a framework, to set the context for future decisions. The precise development mix (and tenant profile) will evolve over time.

3.1 ARDEN-MACAULAY STRUCTURE PLAN

The proposed Younghusband development is located within a part of Kensington that lies within the Arden- Macaulay precinct. The City of Melbourne has identified the Arden-Macaulay precinct as an urban renewal area that will accommodate more residents and employment growth over the next 30 years; and has prepared a structure plan (released in 2012) to guide that growth.

The structure plan includes a series of strategies and actions relating to land use, including the delivery of new and improved open spaces and attractive and safe streetscapes. It also contains actions relating to transport, community infrastructure and sustainable infrastructure.

All strategies and actions have been developed in support of the delivery of five key directions that Council has identified for the urban renewal of Arden-Macaulay. These five key directions provide the overarching future direction for development and set out how the evolution is envisaged.

The five key directions of the Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan are:

1. Develop Arden Central as a new extension of Melbourne’s Central City 2. Develop three new local centres within a mixed-use neighbourhood 3. Expand transport connectivity to and within Arden-Macaulay 4. Upgrade the Moonee Ponds Creek parkland corridor and establish five new parks 5. Make Arden-Macaulay energy, water and waste efficient

One of these key directions involves the establishment of five new parks, including an 11,000 m2 park straddling and encompassing Fink Street, adjacent to the Younghusband development (see Figure 2).

A number of the strategies and actions outlined in the structure plan are directly relevant to Younghusband. In this regard, the “Transport and Access” (chapter 4) and “Public Realm” (chapter 5) are the chapters most relevant to the Younghusband development, containing actions relating to transport, community infrastructure, open space and sustainable infrastructure. There are six themed chapters within the structure plan which address the five key directions that have been identified. The six chapters are structured as follows:

• Activities and land use • Urban structure and built form • Transport and access • Public Realm • Community infrastructure • Sustainable infrastructure

The structure plan also outlines actions to promote a shift in transport priorities on the road network and defining high-mobility streets that will encourage and facilitate a long-term modal shift from private vehicles, by providing excellent conditions for pedestrians, trams, buses, cycling, taxis and car share as priority modes. Walking to and from public transport stops and stations will be an emphasis of the City of Melbourne’s work in the Arden-Macaulay precinct. More specifically, several relevant transport objectives are defined in the structure plan:

• Promote the growth of the economy by establishing excellent new and proposed public transport connections to create well-connected areas. • Enable a local residential and working population that will use the expanded public transport network and community services and facilities. • Reduce the car parking provision to levels conducive to inner city urban living that are well supported by alternative transport networks (walking, cycling and public transport).

The Structure Plan prioritises the attractiveness and effectiveness of the public transport system to ensure residents, workers and visitors can move easily within and to the precinct. It also encourages walking and cycling as key travel modes, through a range of measures including the introduction of a new street hierarchy with priority for high mobility pedestrian and public transport streets which will provide excellent conditions for higher numbers of pedestrians (of all ages and abilities), faster and more frequent trams and buses, safe and attractive cycling, and easy use of taxis and car share.

Figure 2: Arden-Macaulay precinct; Long-term open-space strategy (extract from Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan 2012)

3.1.1 TRANSPORT AND ACCESS

This chapter of the Structure Plan provides strategies and actions incorporating public transport, cycling and walking networks, traffic and freight. It promotes a shift in transport priorities on the road network and defining high- mobility streets that will encourage and facilitate a long-term modal shift from private vehicles, by providing excellent conditions for pedestrians, trams, buses, cycling, taxis and car share as priority modes. Within this context, the Structure Plan prioritises the attractiveness and effectiveness of the public transport system to ensure residents, workers and visitors can move easily within and to the precinct. It also encourages walking and cycling as key travel modes, through a range of measures including the introduction of a new street hierarchy, as shown in Figure 3 and a long-term transport strategy, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 3: Arden-Macaulay precinct; Proposed street hierarchy (extract from Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan 2012 – page 99, Figure 5.10)

Figure 4: Arden-Macaulay precinct; Long-term transport strategy (extract from Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan 2012)

3.1.2 PUBLIC REALM

The Public Realm chapter outlines specific strategies for Younghusband development (strategy 3) as well as more generic action that is relevant to street design initiatives (strategy 8).

Strategy 3 – Create five new local parks to address the needs of the existing and future local community

One of the five new parks identified in the Arden-Macaulay structure plan is located directly opposite Younghusband. This new park of approximately 11,000m² will be located on Fink Street (see Figure 2). This site provides the following benefits:

• A centrally located site between the Craigieburn and Upfield railway lines, where there is an identified gap in the open space network. • A park that is located some distance from the CityLink freeway, railway lines and transmission station, to provide a quiet environment for leisure. • A northerly aspect, ensuring good access to sunlight in winter.

Strategy 8 – Enhance the role of Arden-Macaulay’s streets in the open space network

Arden-Macaulay’s streets will be upgraded to create an attractive and accessible network of connections that link people to each other and to new and proposed open spaces. The existing street space dedicated to car use (asphalt traffic lanes and parking) will be reduced so that the streets can perform two other critical roles that are currently lacking – streets as places for people and streets as ecosystems.

Indicative street sections that illustrate the components of streets that fulfil these multiple roles are illustrated in the structure plan. Of most relevance to Younghusband is the street section for ‘greenways’ – as it applies to Elizabeth Street, Chelmsford Street and Eastwood Street.

Figure 5: Arden-Macaulay precinct; Indicative street sections – greenways (extract from Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan 2012 – page 100, Figure 5.11)

4 Applicants’ Philosophy

4.1 WHO WE ARE – IMPACT INVESTMENT GROUP

Impact Investment Group is a leading Australian impact investment funds manager. Our mission is to shift capital towards investments that blend financial returns with deep social and environmental impact, and to lead by example in using all of our resources to create the world we want to live in. We source and develop investments that generate social and environmental value throughout the investment's life, as well as delivering excellent financial returns for our investors.

Impact Investment Group manages investments in mainstream and underserved markets across a wide range of asset classes. We have over $400 million in funds under management and are growing every day. Our investors include individuals, families, institutional investors, corporations and foundations. Invest with us and we can help you build financial security while creating a better world.

4.2 LEADING BY EXAMPLE

Impact Investment Group is Australia’s first B Corporation funds manager. B Corporations represent an emerging group of companies that are using the power of business to create a positive impact on the world and generate a shared and durable prosperity for all.

Certified B Corporations (such as Impact Investment Group) have undertaken the B Impact Assessment, scored over 80, and have signed a term sheet that declares that they will consider all stakeholders. It is a rigorous assessment that explores a company’s governance, transparency, environmental and social impact. B Corps voluntarily hold themselves to a higher level of accountability in these areas. Together, B Corps redefine success in business by competing not to be the best in the world, but to be the best for the world.

5 Travel Accessibility at Younghusband

5.1 PUBLIC TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY

5.1.1 CURRENT PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES

The subject site is easily accessed by public transport, principally via a number of bus and train services:

1. Bus Route 402 – links Footscray to East Melbourne via North Melbourne 2. The Kensington, South Kensington, Macaulay and North Melbourne railway stations are within a 15-minute walk of the site (three of them are less than 10 minutes away). These four stations provide access to trains on the five railway lines on the west side of the city (Craigieburn, Sunbury, Werribee, Williamstown and Upfield). 3. Tram route 57 – links West Maribyrnong to Flinders Street Station via Kensington and North Melbourne. The closest stop is located on Racecourse Road (a 10-minute walk from Younghusband).

The nearby public transport services (bus, train and tram services), are shown in Figure 6, which highlights that there are excellent public transport services already available in immediate proximity to the site. These include Kensington Station on the Craigieburn line to the immediate north (250-300 metres) and Macaulay Station on the Upfield line to the north-east (500-550 metres). Furthermore, bus route 402 travels past the redevelopment site along Macaulay Road, offering convenient access to/from the west (Footscray) and the northern central city environs (North Melbourne, Carlton, East Melbourne). It also offers convenient access to multiple regional attractions and destinations through its interchanges at Macaulay and Kensington railway stations. In summary, the various bus and train services collectively provide generous options for future users of the proposed Younghusband development to conveniently travel to/from the subject site and surrounding catchments.

Subject Site

Figure 6: Public Transport in the vicinity of Younghusband Site

5.1.2 FUTURE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES

Council envisages that a new metro railway station and transport interchange will be located in Arden Central, within a new active, mixed use precinct. The Arden Station will be located on Laurens Street, just south of Arden Street (see Figure 7). The proposed station will be located around 800 metres to 1 kilometre from the Younghusband development – a comfortable 5-minute bicycle ride and 10-minute walk.

Figure 7: Proposed Location of Arden Metro Station

The Arden Station will be connected to a high frequency bus service on an extended Boundary Road. Macaulay and Flemington Bridge railway stations and connections to them will be upgraded. Pedestrian and bicycle networks will be enhanced to create accessible neighbourhoods.

In support of ‘Principle 8 – Create a connected and accessible place’ of the Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan, Council has set out the following actions:

1. Establish an integrated transport network that prioritises walking, cycling and public transport use. 2. Develop a safe and highly accessible transport network that has high quality new and improved infrastructure, commensurate with projected growth. 3. Prioritise the growth of sustainable transport modes and contain vehicular access and parking provision within that context. 4. Support population growth and job locations with an increased number/frequency of public transport services. 5. Locate intensified activity around existing and planned public transport infrastructure. 6. Prioritise public transport, walking and cycling in existing and new road infrastructure through design treatments, links and facilities.

The expansion of commercial uses on the Younghusband site (with an accompanying low provision of new on-site parking) is entirely consistent with Council’s priority actions for the precinct as outlined above.

The significant boost in public transport accessibility, associated with the proposed Melbourne Metro project (and specifically the Arden Station) will help ensure low levels of car dependency can be sustained for tenants and visitors to the Younghusband site (see Figure 8).

Younghusband will be strategically placed at the confluence of multiple new and existing train, tram and bus services offering exceptional accessibility for tenants and visitors alike.

Younghusband

Figure 8: Vision for Public Transport Services near the subject site – with Melbourne Metro

5.2 WALKING

The Younghusband site is easily accessible by a complete, continuous and well-maintained footpath network linking to surrounding residential and commercial areas, and to a comprehensive network of public transport services. The subject site abuts Elizabeth Street, Chelmsford Street and Barrett Street, all of which have low vehicle volumes and have footpaths on both sides. In addition to the streets that border the subject site, all other streets in the general vicinity feature well maintained footpaths on both sides, and safe crossings opportunities of roads and railway lines are readily available. The broader street network around the subject site is laid out in a rectangular grid pattern and is highly permeable, featuring a fine-grain spacing that supports walking through convenient and direct access. East-west streets and laneways are spaced at approximately 50 metres whilst north-south streets are laid out at 100-120 metre spacing.

The City of Melbourne has identified several key improvements to the pedestrian network in its Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan. The initiatives identified in the Plan are shown in Figure 4. The package of improvements shown includes measures to enhance pedestrian connectivity across the Moonee Ponds Creek, the Craigieburn railway line and Macaulay Road.

5.3 CYCLING

The Younghusband site is well placed in immediate proximity to several important existing bicycle routes providing for convenient cycling to surrounding residential catchments and activity centres. The existing network provides direct, safe and continuous access to the Younghusband site from the west, north and east, which are the primary residential catchment areas.

Recent bicycle facilities have been installed on Chelmsford Street and northern end of Elizabeth Street – these new facilities are ideally placed to serve the needs of the Younghusband development. The development will capitalise on this strategic advantage by encouraging high levels of cycling by future occupants.

The City of Melbourne has identified several key improvements to the bicycle network in its Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan. The initiatives identified in the Plan are shown in Figure 4.

5.4 VEHICLES

In its purest form, road classification may consist of two basic road types which have fundamentally different traffic and environmental goals:

• Arterial roads, the main function of which is to provide for the safe and efficient movement of people and freight

• Local roads, which provide direct access to abutting land uses and which recognise the necessity for streets to function not only as movement conduits but also as places and destinations in their own right

In recognition of a need to expand on this simple characterisation of roads into arterial/local, and broaden the understanding of road management objectives across multiple travel modes, VicRoads (in collaboration with local government agencies) has developed the SmartRoads approach that manages competing interests for limited road space by giving priority use of the road to different transport modes at particular times of the day.

SmartRoads’ underpinning philosophy is that by deciding which modes have priority on which roads, metropolitan Melbourne’s road network can work better for everyone. SmartRoads recognises the increasing importance of public transport, walking and cycling as transport modes.

Accordingly, for the purposes of managing roads in the Melbourne City Council (MCC) municipal area, VicRoads and MCC have adopted a SmartRoads road hierarchy. Under this hierarchy, the expected function of roads has been agreed and defined. The SmartRoads’ classifications, in the vicinity of the Younghusband development, are shown in Figure 9. As shown in Figure 9, all roads immediately surrounding the Younghusband development are local roads. The SmartRoads definitions for streets surrounding the subject site are provided in Figure 9.

Younghusband site

Figure 9: ‘SmartRoads’ Road Hierarchy

Elizabeth Street is a local street and is under the City of Melbourne’s control. It caters for two-way traffic flow serviced by one traffic lane in each direction. The street is on a north-south alignment, intersecting with Chelmsford Street at its northern end and Arden Street at its southern end. The short northern-most section of Elizabeth Street (just south of Chelmsford Street) is designated one-way southbound (to prevent northbound ‘through’ traffic from travelling from the industrial precinct south of Chelmsford Street northwards through the adjacent residential precincts of Kensington). On-street parking is permitted on both sides of the road.

Chelmsford Street is a local street under the City of Melbourne’s control. It runs east-west and intersects with Eastwood Street at its western end and Bent Street at its eastern end. Chelmsford Street is designated as a one-way street (west to east) and features a single traffic lane and on-street parking on both sides.

Arden Street is a local street and a Bicycle Priority Route under the City of Melbourne’s control. It runs east-west and intersects with Elizabeth Street near its western dead-end and Lloyd Street on the south-eastern edge of the industrial precinct. Arden Street is a two-way street with a single traffic lane and on-street parking on each side.

Eastwood Street is a local street and is under the City of Melbourne’s control. It caters for two-way traffic flow serviced by one traffic lane in each direction. The street is on a north-south alignment parallel to the Craigieburn railway line (south of Kensington station), intersecting with Macaulay Road at its northern end and Chelmsford Street at its southern end. On-street parking is permitted on both sides.

Macaulay Road runs on an east-west alignment and is concurrently defined as a ‘Local Primary Access Route’, ‘Bus Priority Route’ and ‘Bicycle Priority Route’. These definitions are generically described as follows:

Local Primary Access Route = These routes are local roads under council control which provide the main connection between nearby traffic routes; they may also provide circulation routes within the local network and activity centre/s. Their mobility function is therefore focussed on local traffic.

Bus Priority Route = Routes on which buses are a high priority mode and that frequently link key destinations/activities.

Bicycle Priority Route = Routes which promote and reduce conflict along key cycling routes – linking to activity centres and key destinations.

The section of Macaulay Road near the Younghusband development (between the Craigieburn rail line and Stubbs Street) features one mid-block traffic lane in each direction, as well as ‘marked’ on-road bicycle lanes in each direction. Additional turning lanes are provided at the signalised intersection with Stubbs Street.

6 Future Travel Patterns

6.1 OVERVIEW

The Transport Assessment report prepared for the Younghusband development shows that a very high proportion of trips to and from the site would take place on foot, by cycle or on the public transport networks. This initial assessment does not consider the potential benefits of this Green Travel Plan, which provides the basis to further promote the use of sustainable modes of transport - walking, cycling and public transport - and to minimise reliance on the private car. The Transport Assessment report concludes that the traffic and parking demands that are likely to be associated with the proposed Younghusband development are comparatively modest and can be readily managed within the site and on surrounding roads – with no adverse consequences expected. In particular, the development site is located in the Arden-Macaulay urban renewal precinct and is well placed to capitalise on excellent existing nearby public transport services and established bicycle and pedestrian networks. The presence of these existing comprehensive public transport and active transport networks provides the ideal environment to sustain low levels of car dependency at the Younghusband site.

The land uses proposed under the Younghusband masterplan (see Table 3) are the ideal mix to attract future occupants prepared to make travel choices by public transport and active transport modes. Within this context, the overall traffic volume generated by the proposed development is expected to be low and can be readily accommodated onto the surrounding intersections with the traffic impact expected to be insignificant. The surrounding roads and intersections have abundant spare capacity to be able to accommodate the anticipated minor traffic increases associated with the development.

Accordingly, the development is expected to have a negligible impact on the operation of the road network. Lastly, no alteration is proposed to the overall traffic management arrangements governing traffic movements in the precinct south of Macaulay Road – thus retaining the integrity of the Council’s successful through-traffic restraint measures that are currently in place.

Similarly, parking demands are expected to be modest. The provision of 240 on-site parking spaces will adequately cater for the anticipated future demand fully on-site. It is considered that the adoption of modest levels of on-site parking spaces is appropriate in the context of the urban redevelopment expected in the Arden-Macaulay precinct. The range of parking rates suggested for the Younghusband development in the Transport Assessment report reflect parking rates currently in place in the central city and adjacent precincts.

6.2 IMPROVING TRANSPORT FACILITIES

The City of Melbourne has prepared a structure plan as a framework to guide that growth and process of change for Arden-Macaulay. The structure plan’s transport and infrastructure outcomes include: (1) establishing excellent new and proposed public transport connections to create well-connected areas; (2) enabling a local residential and working population that will use the expanded public transport network; and (3) reducing the car parking provision to levels conducive to inner city urban living that are well supported by alternative transport networks (walking, cycling and public transport).

The Transport Assessment report prepared in support of the planning applications for the Younghusband development identifies further potential enhancements for the precinct that will complement the structure plan initiatives and promote active transport to/from the Younghusband development.

6.2.1 WALKING

The Younghusband development will benefit from the improvements in the Structure Plan and will collaborate with Council to investigate additional potential enhancements to the pedestrian network – as identified in Figure 10. The essential elements proposed include (Impact Investment Group is not committing to the delivery of these initiatives; however, it will collaborate closely with Council and other stakeholders):

• Establishment of a shared zone on Elizabeth Street between its intersection with Chelmsford Street and the southern end of the proposed Fink Street open space – this will enhance road safety, promote the full integration of the proposed open space with the Younghusband site and discourage non-local motorists from using Elizabeth Street (with benefits for both the subject site and the Allied Mills site) • Establishment of a shared path on the east side of Bellair Street between Arden Street and Macaulay Road • Establishment of a shared path on the west side of Eastwood Street between Macaulay Road and Chelmsford Street to avoid unnecessary exposure for pedestrians to cross Eastwood Street at Macaulay Road, providing a fully separated pedestrian connection between the Kensington Railway station and the subject site • Pedestrian-bicycle crossing facility at Macaulay Road and Eastwood Street to provide a safe and direct connection across Macaulay Road along the desire line from the Kensington Railway station and the proposed shared path on the west side of Eastwood Street • Zebra crossing of Hardiman Street at Albermarle Street to provide a safe connection between the northern and southern sections of Albermarle Street • Intersection upgrade at Chelmsford and Albermarle Streets to reduce vehicle speeds and promote pedestrian priority • Intersection upgrade at Macaulay Road and Stubbs Street to provide a safe connection across Macaulay Road

In addition, Impact Investment Group will work with Council and other stakeholders to consider the construction of a pedestrian and bicycle overpass of the railway line at the western end of Chelmsford Street (opposite Ormond Street). This would provide a direct connection across the railway line and Moonee Ponds Creek along Chelmsford Street. In addition, it would provide a convenient route from South Kensington station that would remove any interaction between pedestrians/cyclists and the heavy vehicles associated with the Allied Mills site on Elizabeth Street.

The existing and proposed pedestrian networks provide a strong and essential foundation to manage safe and convenient access on foot to and from the Younghusband site.

In summary, the proposed development is well serviced by an existing comprehensive pedestrian network that provides excellent connectivity for those wishing to walk between the proposed development and the surrounding attractions, residential neighbourhoods and commercial areas, as well as nearby public transport facilities. Future pedestrian network enhancements envisaged by the Council, as well as other potential initiatives identified in the transport masterplan report, will further enhance accessibility to and from the subject site.

Legend Off-road two-way shared path on west side of Eastwood Street Off-road two-way shared path on east side of Bellair Street Intersection upgrade to incorporate bicycle crossing facilities Pedestrian-bicycle crossing facility at Macaulay Road and Eastwood Street Pedestrian-bicycle overpass across Moonee Ponds Creek Subject Site Zebra crossing of Hardiman Street at Albermarle Street Promote pedestrian access along Albermarle Street Intersection upgrade reduce speed and promote pedestrian priority

Shared Zone

Figure 10: Pedestrian Access and Management Strategy

6.2.2 CYCLING

The Younghusband development will benefit from the improvements identified in the Structure Plan and will collaborate with the Council to investigate additional potential enhancements to the bicycle network – as identified in Figure 11. The essential elements proposed include (Impact Investment Group is not committing to the delivery of these initiatives; however, it will collaborate closely with Council and other stakeholders):

• Establishment of a shared path on the east side of Bellair Street between Arden Street and Macaulay Road • Establishment of a shared path on the west side of Eastwood Street between Macaulay Road and Chelmsford Street to avoid unnecessary exposure for cyclists to cross Eastwood Street at Macaulay Road, providing a fully separated connection between the Kensington Railway station and the subject site • Pedestrian-bicycle crossing facility at Macaulay Road and Eastwood Street to provide a safe and direct connection across Macaulay Road along the desire line from the Kensington Railway station and the proposed shared path on the west side of Eastwood Street • Intersection upgrade at Macaulay Road and Stubbs Street to provide a safe connection across Macaulay Road • Ensure that the proposed overpass across Moonee Ponds Creek (at Chelmsford Street) is safe and convenient for cyclists

The existing and proposed bicycle networks provide a strong and essential foundation to manage safe and convenient access on bicycle to and from the Younghusband site.

In summary, the proposed development is well serviced by an existing comprehensive bicycle network that provides excellent connectivity for those wishing to ride between the proposed development and the surrounding attractions, residential neighbourhoods and commercial areas, as well as nearby public transport facilities. Future bicycle network enhancements envisaged by the Council, as well as other potential initiatives identified in the transport masterplan report, will further enhance accessibility to and from the subject site.

With respect to bicycle parking, the Younghusband development will support high levels of cycling by its tenants and visitors by providing well in excess of the minimum Planning Scheme requirements (as stipulated in Clause 52.34 – Bicycle Facilities). Furthermore, end-of-trip facilities will also exceed the minimum requirements stipulated in Clause 52.34.

Legend Subject Site Recently installed on-road bicycle facilities Off-road two-way shared path on west side of Eastwood Street Off-road two-way shared path on east side of Bellair Street Intersection upgrade to incorporate bicycle crossing facilities Pedestrian-bicycle crossing facility at Macaulay Road and Eastwood Street Pedestrian-bicycle overpass

Figure 11: Bicycle Access and Management Strategy

7 Green Travel Plan Governance

The success of the Green Travel Plan will depend upon the cooperation, participation and action of future tenants, facilities management teams, Impact Investment Group, local authorities and transport providers. Impact Investment Group will establish a framework for delivering the Green Travel Plan strategies and actions, as set out in Chapter 8.

7.1 IMPACT INVESTMENT GROUP

Impact Investment Group will have responsibilities for implementing, promoting and developing the Green Travel Plan. As such, Impact Investment Group will be in a unique position to influence the behaviour and choices made by tenants, and to help them implement new initiatives to promote green travel outcomes. Impact Investment Group intend to implement as many as possible of the strategies and actions identified in Chapter 8.

In due course, following the relevant planning approvals and other consents necessary to implement the Younghusband development, Impact Investment Group is committed to working with the site’s future tenants and others to implement and improve this Green Travel Plan over several phases of development. Implementing the Green Travel Plan will require the cooperation of and action by other parties, not least future tenants at Younghusband. Impact Investment Group will promote, encourage and facilitate this cooperation and action.

7.2 TRAVEL CO-ORDINATOR

Impact Investment Group will appoint/nominate a Travel Co-ordinator to lead the Green Travel Plan implementation. The Travel Co-ordinator will work with tenants, City of Melbourne, public transport operators, shared mobility operators (e.g., bike and car sharing providers), and resident and commercial ‘neighbours’ to deliver the objectives of the Green Travel Plan.

The Travel Co-ordinator will encourage participation in and commitment to the Green Travel Plan from site tenants and their own travel co-ordinators (where relevant) and will work in partnership with all stakeholders to deliver the Green Travel Plan strategies and actions. The Green Travel Plan Co-ordinator will be available to assist tenants in preparing their own high quality Green Travel Plans and in disseminating information to their own staff, visitors and other building users.

The Green Travel Plan draws from the extensive experience gained by Impact Investment Group and its team of specialist consultants in delivering previous developments. As such, it includes experiences from previous projects in which the team has been involved, as well as best-practice examples.

8 Strategies and Actions

8.1 STRATEGY 1: ENCOURAGE SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL MODES

Impact Investment Group would encourage tenants to take steps to reduce travel demand through:

• Signing green leases with tenants, whereby the tenants commit to achieving ambitious (yet achievable) green travel behaviour goals by their staff and visitors • Installing teleconferencing facilities to be shared by tenants to reduce the number of visitors to the site and promote teleworking (where applicable)

8.1.1 ACTION 1: TRAVEL INFORMATION PACK

Impact Investment Group will prepare a Younghusband travel pack (with information on travel alternatives to/from the site) for distribution to tenants and visitors, as well as the neighbouring residential and commercial properties. The pack will provide information on travel alternatives to/from the site, such as walking and cycling routes, bicycle parking, public transport routes/timetables and access routes, on-site shared mobility systems, travel information points and website, and travel monitoring and reward smartphone app. The pack will provide a summary of the more detailed information offered through the Younghusband travel website.

A travel pack will be prepared to accompany the opening of each of the development stages to ensure that the most up to date information is available to existing and new tenants. In addition, the travel pack will be updated every two years or sooner if needed.

8.1.2 ACTION 2: TRAVEL INFORMATION POINTS

Impact Investment Group will establish, within the Younghusband development, travel information points, where tenants, visitors and others can access travel information via interactive platforms (i.e., touch-screen kiosks that guide users based on their choices and needs). The travel information points will be similar to the latest generation information and wayfinding kiosks in public transport stations, airport terminals and shopping centres. Examples of the information to be included are: walking and cycling routes, bicycle parking, public transport routes/timetables and access routes, real-time public transport information (e.g., time to next train to the city at Kensington station), and real-time availability of on-site shared mobility systems (e.g., location and time window availability for shared vehicles). The information provided will complement that presented in the travel information pack, through the Younghusband travel website and via the smartphone app. Impact Investment Group will explore, with transport service providers, whether it would be possible for Travel Information Point users to purchase public transport tickets or book shared mobility services.

Travel information points will be installed at strategic locations within all buildings from opening of each of the development stages, in order to ensure that the most up to date information is available to existing and new tenants.

8.1.3 ACTION 3: MARKETING THE GREEN TRAVEL PLAN

Impact Investment Group will work to ensure that all tenants and visitors to Younghusband are kept informed of the various travel choices and facilities that are available to them, as the development is built-out and occupied over time. A travel co-ordinator will be available on-site during business hours to provide information to tenants and visitors. Impact Investment Group will initially appoint a travel co-ordinator; over time, it would be desirable to have a representative from one of the development’s tenants be designated as the travel co-ordinator. One of the roles of the travel co-ordinator will be to market the Green Travel Plan to all tenants and visitors.

8.1.4 ACTION 4: TRAVEL INFORMATION WEBSITE

Impact Investment Group will develop and maintain a Younghusband-specific web site. The Younghusband website will include resources to help users travel to/from the development site using sustainable travel modes. The website will host information about bicycle parking and on-site shared mobility systems. It will also integrate with industry- leading online services for up to date travel alternatives to/from the site, such as walking and cycling routes, public transport routes/timetables and access routes.

8.2 STRATEGY 2: PROMOTE WALKING AND CYCLING

Given the proximity of Younghusband to the central city and the immediate access to the activity areas on Macaulay Road (3-minute walk) and Racecourse Road (15-minute walk) adjacent to the Kensington and Flemington train stations, as well as to extensive residential areas in Kensington and North Melbourne, it is expected that a large proportion of trips to/from the site can be undertaken on foot or bike.

In addition, as discussed in Chapter 6, the Younghusband development will implement a wide range of initiatives that build upon the actions in the Arden-Macaulay Structure Plan and thus complement and enhance the comprehensive existing walking and cycling networks. Together, this will make it convenient and safe to walk and cycle to and from the development. To promote and encourage walking and cycling the Green Travel Plan will:

• Prepare local walking and cycling maps, as part of the Younghusband Travel Pack. The maps will provide tenants and visitors with guidance on the best way of travelling to/from the site on foot and by bike. The maps will be updated as the development progresses. • Incorporate secure cycle parking within the design of all buildings. Cycle parking areas will be lit, secure and offer protection from the weather. • Provide high quality cycle parking within public realm areas. • Provide showers/changing facilities, including full-height lockers, a drying room, ironing facilities and towels. • Seek to attract and encourage a cycle retailer to the development, on sustainable commercial terms. • Encourage the establishment of a cycle maintenance clinic within the development. • Encourage tenants to provide interest-free loans for bicycle and safety equipment purchases. • Encourage tenants to offer a cycle mileage allowance scheme, for work-related trips by bike. • Encourage tenants to provide free batteries for bicycle lights. • Encourage tenants to provide free breakfast for those who travel to the site on foot or by bike.

8.2.1 ACTION 5: YOUNGHUSBAND BICYCLE SHARING SCHEME ELECTRIC BIKES

Impact Investment Group will establish a Younghusband electric bicycle share scheme to allow tenants and visitors to borrow bicycles (at no cost) for work related trips. Electric bicycles are proposed (as opposed to conventional bicycles), as research has demonstrated that electric bicycles attract a wider population (including women, non- regular cyclists, generally non-active individuals, and people who are willing to ride for work trips but do not want to engage in strenuous physical activity in work clothes and to attend meetings). In addition, electric bicycles have been demonstrated to help people to cycle more often.

Residents and workers of the neighbourhood immediately adjacent to the site (the area bounded by Macaulay Road to the north, Eastwood and Elizabeth Streets to the west, Arden Street to the south, and Lloyd, Barrett and Bent Streets to the east) will also be given access to the shared electric bicycles (priority will be given to tenants and visitors of the Younghusband site).

8.3 STRATEGY 3: PROMOTE PUBLIC TRANSPORT

The Younghusband development is highly accessible by public transport – more so than most other locations in the inner city. Four train stations (Kensington, South Kensington, Macaulay and North Melbourne) are within a 15- minute walk of the site (three of them are less than 10 minutes away). These four stations provide access to trains on the five railway lines on the west side of the city (Craigieburn, Sunbury, Werribee, Williamstown and Upfield) – there are a total of 15 railway lines in the Public Transport Victoria metropolitan railway network.

As a result, the majority of trips to/from the development are expected to take be undertaken via public transport (or on foot or by bicycle). Given the already excellent accessibility, Impact Investment Group will focus on providing tenants and visitors with comprehensive public transport information and support for public transport users, primarily by facilitating the establishment of green travel habits.

8.3.1 ACTION 6: YOUNGHUSBAND MYKI PASSES FOR COMMUTING AND WORK-BASED TRIPS

Impact Investment Group will provide monthly Myki passes for use by all new tenants of the Younghusband development. The passes will be for commuting and work-based trips. The passes will be provided to tenants for distribution to employees. The average ratio for the allocation of passes will be one pass for every six employees – the total number of passes to be provided will be approximately 650.

A growing number of examples are available from locations around the world. Even though not completely equivalent to the circumstances of the Younghusband development, the examples that follow illustrate the worldwide implementation of free/subsidised public transport passes:

• Portland, Oregon (United States) – proposed Council rules (under review) would require developers to provide a one-time (at move-in) U$600 payment to employees and residents for non-car travel (public transport passes for six months, bike share membership or a new bicycle). • Geneva (Switzerland) – Procter and Gamble provides free monthly public transport passes to all employees. • Silicon Valley, California (United States) – A range of companies have pooled together resources to provide shuttles for employees from public transport stations to office buildings. In addition, companies provide free monthly passes to all employees who have demonstrated using public transport for most trips for three consecutive months – this system rewards employees for ‘green behaviour’. • Worldwide – university campuses around the world (mainly in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and other countries in Europe) provide free public transport passes to all employees and students. • United Kingdom – interest-free loan government program for public transport season passes. In addition, a range of private developers are providing up to $200 pounds for purchasing a bicycle and protective equipment to employees who elect to bike to work (this precludes recipients from the loan scheme for one year). • Canada and the United States – a range of companies offer non-driving employees free transport (e.g., Uber or taxi) to get home quickly and conveniently in case of family emergency, unexpected overtime or other unforeseen event. Employees self-report non-driving behaviour.

8.4 STRATEGY 4: OPTIMISE CLEAN AND SHARED VEHICLE USE

Impact Investment Group take a realistic and responsible attitude to vehicle use. It is expected that most tenants and visitors to the Younghusband Development will not need to travel by car and consequently parking provision will be at minimum levels. Two hundred and forty (240) parking spaces will be provided – this contrasts with the close to 1,400 spaces that would be required by applying the parking rates from Table 1 of Clause 52.06 of the Melbourne Planning Scheme.

Tenants and visitors of the Younghusband development will have every incentive and opportunity to enjoy a ‘car free’ lifestyle – one in which most trips to/from the site are undertaken on foot, by bike or on public transport. At the same time, Impact Investment Group recognise that there are people who need to use a private car or certain types of trips for which there is no realistic alternative to the private car (this will mainly be regular users who need a car given their work activities, and visitors).

The proposed 240 parking spaces are expected to fully cater for all parking needs – no reliance on on-street public parking is expected and will be strongly discouraged. In addition, and in the expectation that the set of strategies and actions presented in this Green Travel Plan to discourage private car use and make green alternatives more attractive will be successful, parking provision will be carefully managed as the development build-out progresses. For example, if it is identified that the initial stages of development are resulting in higher/lower than predicted levels of private car use, additional incentives for green travel modes and discouragements for private vehicle use will be implemented in the former, and evaluation of the need for the establishment of the full number of proposed parking spaces will be undertaken in the latter.

Carsharing services began to emerge in the 1980s in Europe and are now prevalent in many cities in Europe, the United States, Canada, New Zealand, Australia and many other countries around the world. Operation and usage of the services were motivated by a mixture of pragmatic reasons such as cost reductions for car use and idealistic reasons such as reducing the environmental effects of travel behaviour . Despite well-documented individual and societal advantages, as well as governmental support (in terms of parking and other ‘concessions’), carsharing remains a niche product.

A number of studies indicate that car sharing members use public transport, walk and cycle at higher rates than the general population. As an alternative to car ownership, car sharing imposes scheduling and accessibility constraints that encourage walking. However, the main aspect that has been identified in the literature as promoting walking is the fact that members pay the full incremental cost when they use car sharing, with itemised bills describing each trip. Walking primarily, and to a lesser extent public transport and cycling are thus encouraged by car sharing membership. Overall, travel indicators showed that carsharing members used active modes and public transport more than the average member of the population.

Numerous studies have investigated travel patterns of station-based car-sharing members, but only a few concentrate on answering question regarding the overall travel patterns of car-sharing members. Overall, carsharing users show different travel behaviour than non-users and the general population: Carsharing members mainly use public transport and private cars are used less frequently. Carsharing users have a more sustainable mobility behaviour compared to the general population: own fewer cars per person in their households, use public transport more and have a higher share of multimodal persons. Several studies have determined that one shared vehicle replaces 3–13 private cars, while others have shown a decrease in the frequency of private car use after becoming a car-sharing member. Overall, car trip frequency decreases after joining a carsharing scheme. This reduction in driving frequency also leads to a decrease in the distance travelled by car (and person), with savings of 40-80%. The use of car-sharing is also associated with a shift of trips to public transport, cycling and walking in a number of studies.

In a study of CarSharing Portland in 2000, car sharing members reported a 14% increase in public transit trips, a 10% increase in bicycling trips, and a 26% increase in walking trips since becoming members. The 2000 Portland study also found that members used walking for almost 37% of all trips, compared to using a car for about 32% of all trips. Further, for six of the ten types of trips evaluated in the study (representative of most routine trips), walking had the largest mode share. In a survey of Portland Flexcar members conducted in 2003, 29% of members reported that they walk more often than they did before joining Flexcar. Members also reported that they were somewhat more willing to walk in inclement weather and walk longer distances (for all trip types) after joining Flexcar.

Car sharing companies around the world have introduced alternative fuel and electric vehicles to their fleet. This, to promote further reductions in energy consumption and air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions.

8.4.1 ACTION 7: CAR SHARING SCHEME

Impact Investment Group will:

• Facilitate the setting up of a car-share scheme within the development – for use by tenants, visitors and residents of the neighbouring residential areas. Based on the experience of commercial properties around the world, it is estimated that around 4-6 shared vehicles (a mix of passenger cars and vans) would be needed. • Attract and encourage one or more car share operators within the development. • Provide priority spaces (closest to building and/or carpark access points) for car share vehicles.

8.4.2 ACTION 8: ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE – PRIVATE AND CAR SHARE

Impact Investment Group will:

• Provide and market recharging points for electric vehicles within the development and provide the infrastructure to easily expand this network in the future. • Promote the use of electric shared vehicles within the development by encouraging car share operators and providing priority spaces with dedicated recharging points.

8.5 STRATEGY 5: DEVELOPMENT-WIDE TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE MONITORING FOR YOUNGHUSBAND

Impact Investment Group will monitor travel behaviour performance at the development level. The primary objective is to determine how people travel to/from the site and, in doing so, how successful the initiatives developed as part of the Green Travel Plan are in discouraging the use of private cars and encouraging travel on foot, by bike and on public transport.

8.5.1 ACTION 9: BASELINE MONITORING

In June 2017, Impact Investment Group undertook a comprehensive travel behaviour survey program targeting all tenants in the Younghusband development (sites S1 and S2 in Figure 1). The travel behaviour surveys were designed to capture the following information:

• Usual mode of travel to/from work, defined as the mode of travel used for three or more days of the week • Public transport service used (if applicable) • Walking or cycling route (if applicable) • Parking location (if applicable) • Usual mode of travel for ‘business trips’ (during business hours) • Postcode of residence

All current tenants were contacted in person, via email or via telephone. A total of 92 employees, from a wide range of tenants were interviewed; all interviews were conducted in person. The tenants represented by the respondents included the following types of land uses: office, industry, artist studio, warehouse and restricted recreational facility. The 92 respondents represent over 30% of the overall population of current tenants at the Younghusband site – this is not only a statistically valid sample, but also significantly higher (two orders of magnitude) than that used by regional transport models to determine infrastructure investment needs in metropolitan Melbourne.

The responses were used to calculate the average mode share for journey to work for current tenants at the Younghusband development (see Figure 12). By comparison, the share of active travel modes (walking and cycling) is higher for Younghusband employees than the average for Kensington residents. In addition, the share of sustainable modes (active modes and public transport) is significantly higher for Younghusband employees than the average for residents of the Greater Melbourne area.

As shown in Figure 13 , current employees are ‘behaving’ (when it comes to travel choices for the journey to work) in a sustainable manner, thus providing a solid foundation for further improvements in travel choices. The challenge will thus be to further reduce the reliance on the car for the journey to work and promote an increase in sustainable modes, particularly walking and cycling for those tenants within reasonable distances to travel on foot or bike.

Based on current travel behaviour patterns, the travel mode share targets presented in Table 4 are proposed. The study population will be updated to include new development stages as they are completed. The targets will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Green Travel Plan initiatives and determine the need to update targets and/or develop new initiatives to further promote a reduction in car travel.

Figure 12: Average Travel Mode Share (Journey to Work) for Current Employees

Figure 13: Average Travel Mode Share (Journey to Work) for Younghusband Employees, Kensington Residents and Residents of the Greater Melbourne Area

Note: The percentages for Kensington and the Greater Melbourne area do not add up to 100% as respondents (residents) may have worked at home or not worked on the survey day

Table 4: Current Travel Mode Share and Proposed Targets

Proposed Travel Mode Share Targets Current Travel Travel Mode Mode Share End of Year 1 Year 3 Year 5

Walk, Bike & Public Transport 60% 65% 75% 85%

Public Transport 40% 35% 25% 15%

Impact Investment Group will undertake a detailed baseline monitoring program immediately prior to the opening of each of the development components. This will include: (1) a review of the latest (at the time) Australian Bureau of Statistics figures for ‘journey to work’ for people living and working in the postcode of relevance to the Younghusband development; and (2) comprehensive stated preference surveys of the travel behaviour patterns of tenants prior to commencing their work activities at the Younghusband development site. This will allow the determination of ‘what people are doing today’ in terms of their travel behaviour patterns for ‘journey to work’ trips, providing the foundation for ongoing monitoring and determination of changes.

Impact Investment Group has undertaken (between March and May 2017) detailed traffic and parking surveys in the area of influence of the Younghusband development site to determine traffic conditions and parking demand. Impact Investment Group will undertake an equivalent program of traffic and parking surveys immediately preceding the initiation of construction activities to determine the baseline conditions to be used for the evaluation of the changes that can be legitimately attributed to the Younghusband development, as well as any potential reductions in conventional single-occupant vehicle use for ‘journey to work’ trips.

8.5.2 ACTION 10: REGULAR MONITORING

Regular monitoring (every 12 months) will be carried out to confirm travel mode choice patterns for the ‘journey to work’ trips of tenants at the Younghusband development site. This will enable evaluation of the effectiveness of the Green Travel Plan and provide up to date travel pattern data.

The information collected via the stated preference survey activities, together with that from the travel behaviour change platform, will be entered into the ‘Transport Modes Calculator’. The results will be compared with the most recent data (at the time) from the Australian Bureau of Statistics to determine the reduction in conventional single- occupant vehicle use achieved – the calculator compares results from the Transport Modes Survey to the 'Journey to Work' census data for single-occupant vehicles, for the postcode in which the Younghusband site is situated.

Regular monitoring activities will also include detailed traffic conditions and parking utilisation surveys. This will enable comparisons with the prior to commencement of activities data to determine the maximum possible change attributable to the Younghusband development site. In other words, if all other traffic and parking influences remained constant between the monitoring periods, the change measured is the maximum contribution of each of the Younghusband development components to traffic and parking in the area surrounding the site.

The travel co-ordinator will be responsible for coordinating the scope of any monitoring requirements, organising monitoring events and sharing the results to all relevant parties.

8.5.3 ACTION 11: REVIEWING THE GREEN TRAVEL PLAN

The Green Travel Plan will be updated regularly, informed by the regular monitoring results and other relevant information. Tenants, facilities management teams, local authorities and transport providers will be invited to contribute to these reviews.

The Green Travel Plan will be a ‘live’ document and as such will be updated and adjusted over time to ensure that the strategies and actions outlined in each successive version are relevant and promote ‘green’ travel behaviour by tenants and visitors of the Younghusband development site.

The Green Travel Plan will be monitored and reviewed on a regular basis to ensure that it meets its objectives and has the intended impacts on private vehicle use and travel mode choice. The monitoring program will be undertaken annually over a three-year period, with the first review of the Green Travel Plan being conducted 12 months after occupation of the first components of Younghusband. A formal Monitoring Report will be prepared. The monitoring will help reveal what actions need to be confirmed and enable an evaluation of the overall progress against targets that have been set.