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Home , Cetema, Chloropinae, Chlorops planifrons, Diplotoxa, Karjalohja

© Entomologica Fennica. 10 June 1999

Grassflies of the subfamily , except the tribe Chloropini and the genus , of , Karelia and the Kola Peninsula (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha, )

E. P. Nartshuk

Nartshuk, E. P. 1999: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae (except the tribe Chloropini and the genus Meromyza) of Finland, Karelia and the Kola Peninsula (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha, Chloropidae).- Entomol. Fennica 10: 7-28.

27 species of Chloropinae are recorded from Finland, 7 of them for the first time. 14 species are recorded from Karelia and 3 from the Kola Peninsula, all for the first time. The distributions of all species in the territory investigated are mapped. The type specimens of parvipennis Duda are examined and a lectotype designated. A key to the genera and species of Chloropinae, except for species of the genera and Meromyza, is given. The distribution in Finland of all species of Chloropinae, including the genera Chlorops and Meromyza, is dis­ cussed. The fauna of Chloropinae of Finland is compared with the faunas of St. Petersburg Province, Estonia and Yakutia.

Emilia P. Nartshuk, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected]

Received 11 June 1997, accepted 24 February 1999

1. Introduction Some ecological data on the Finnish Chloro­ pinae were published by Krogerus (1932, 1960), This paper is the third in a series of papers on the Kontkanen (1935), Kallio (1950) and Lindberg Chloropidae of Finland and adjacent territories & Saris (1952). of Russia. It deals with the species of the sub­ family Chloropinae, except the generaMeromyza Meigen, Chlorops Meigen, Becker and 2. Material Zetterstedt, which were discussed earlier (Nartshuk 1992c, 1998). 28 species are The present review is based on extensive material from Fin­ considered in this paper, most of them previously land, Karelia and the Kola Peninsula deposited in the Zoo­ recorded from Finland (Frey 1933, Hackman logical Museum of the University of , and in the Zo­ 1980), seven are new records and one further spe­ ological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, including material collected by the author in Fin­ cies is expected in southern Finland. Fourteen land near Helsinki in 1985. Some specimens from Finland species are recorded from Karelia and only three were kindly sent to me by Mr. M. Koponen (Department of on the Kola Peninsula, all these species being re­ Applied Zoology of Helsinki University). A total of 2,876 corded for the first time from their respective ter­ specimens was examined, more than 2,500 of them collected in Finland. ritories. 8 Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

The subfamily Chloropinae is characterized by the fol­ ...... L. albipila lowing peculiarites: costal vein ending at or just beyond R4+5 ; vein R2+ 3 ending near! y in the middle of costal edge of wing; Antennae and pal pi yellow in male and black ocellar bristles directed forward and divergent; femoral ogan in female. Abdomen with black hairs. Male

absents, tibial organ presents in Zenker, Cryp­ genitalia fig. 4, A, B ...... 00 L. herpini tonevra Lioy, Loew, Centorisoma Becker, and in 8. Posterior femur greatly enlarged (Fig. 2, y) Hendel...... ooooooOOO oo o oo oo oO ooooo 9

Posterior femur not enlarged 00 00 ...... 11 9. First flagellomere longer than deep. Frons 3. Key to the genera and some species produced anteriorly (Figs. 1, H, I). Veins R1 of Chloropinae and R2+3 straight (Fig. 2, E). Body large, reddish yellow ..... Fallen - 10 I. One to three orbital bristles much longer than First flagellomere as long or slightly longer remainder (Fig. 1, A). Body yellow with than deep. Frons weakly produced anterior­ black stripes, fused in some species on scu- ly. Veins R1 and R2+3 curved to costa (Fig. tum ...... 2 2, D). Body smaller, greenish ...... All orbital bristles even in size ( Fig.1, B - ...... Meromyza Meigen G). Body from yellow with black stripes on (key to species given by Nartshuk 1992c). scutum to entirely black ...... 8 10. First flagellomere longer and much narrow­ 2. Crossveins of wing approximated, their sep­ er at tip than at base (Fig. 1, I). Frons with-

aration not greater than dm-cu (Fig. 2, B). out punctures ...... 0000 0000 P. umbraculata Body smaller ...... First flagellomere shorter and slightly nar­ ...... Strobl - 3 rower at tip than at base (Fig. 1, H). Frons

Crossveins separated by distance greater than with black punctures .. 00 .. 00 oo.. P. planifrons dm-cu. Body larger ... Lasiosina Becker - 5 11. Head trianglular in side view. Body densely

3. Scutum with dusted black stripes fused. covered with long setae (Fig. 1, G) OOoOOOoOooo

Ocellar triangle entirely darkened ...... • .. 00 .. 00 ...... • • Trichieurina Meigen ...... P. ruficeps (one species- T. pubescens) Scutum yellow with 3 black stripes distinct­ Head rectangular in side view. Body with

ly separated. Ocellar triangle yellow or dark- sparse short setae ...... 00 .... 12 ened ...... 4 12. Crossveins r-m and dm-cu approximated, 4. Female cerci narrower, soft and thickly pu­ their separation not greater than dm-cu (Fig.

bescent (Fig. 3, A) ... P. approximatonervis 2, C) ...... 00 ...... 00 . 13 Female cerci deeper, compressed, strongly Crossveins r-m and dm-cu separated by dis-

sclerotized and with a few hairs (Fig. 3, B) tance greater than dm ...... 00 00 ...... 00. . 14 ...... P. heleocharis 13. A row of setulae on ocellar triangle inside 5. Ocellar triangle without shining rhombic spot its lateral margin (Fig. 1, B). Surface of scu­ apically. Wings usually shorter than abdo- tum rugose and shining... Loew men ...... L. parvipennis (one species D. messoria, male genitalia Fig. Ocellar triangle with shining rhombic spot 4, 1). apically (Fig. 1, A) . Wings normal, longer Row of setulae on frons outside lateral mar­ than abdomen ...... 6 gin of ocellar triangle (Fig. 1, C). Surface of 6. Only one posterior notopleural bristle. First scutum smooth, evenly dusted ...... flagellomere and palpi in male yellow, in ...... Diplotoxoides Andersson female black. Male genitalia fig. 4, E ...... (one species D. dalmatina)

...... oo .. oo ...... L. brevisurstylata 14. Ocellar triangle with one or more rows of

Two posterior notopleural bristles .... 00 ..... 7 setulae inside lateral margin (Figs. 1, D-F).

7. Antennae black and pal pi yellow in both sex­ 0°o00000 0 0 00 0 000 00oO OO Oo000 0000 0000 00 00 00oooo o ooo o oOooOooOo0 00 15 es. Abdomen with white hairs, only some No setulae inside lateral margin of ocellar hairs black. Male genitalia Fig. 4, C, D ..... triangle. Setulae sometimes present on frons ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae 9

outside ocellar triangle (as in Fig. 1, C) 22 antenna. Setulae of body usually black . 24 15. Scutum yellow with black or red longitudi­ 23. Pleura and scutellum yellow. Scutum with nal stripes. Scutellum flattened, with apical grey dusted stripes fused in some specimens bristles approximated ...... Thaumatomyia ...... E. variegata Zenker- ...... 16 Thorax and abdomen black, shining. Only Scutum entirely black ...... 20 sides of scutum a little dusted ...... 16. Gena narrow, no more than 0.5 depth of first ...... E. fulvifrons flagellomere; ocellar triangle with two rows 24. First flagellomere longer than deep. Arista of setulae inside lateral margins (Figs. 1, D, white ...... 25 K). Male abdomen with two lateral membra­ First flagellomere as long as deep. Arista nous vesicula seen usually in macerated ab- black or white ...... 26 domen (Fig. 3, C) ...... T. notata 25. Scutum black and rugose ...... Gena broad, as deep or deeper than first flag­ ...... Centorisoma Becker ellomere; ocellar triangle with one row of (one species- C. elegantulum). setulae inside lateral margins (Figs. 1, E, F, Scutum yellow, smooth, with 5 pollinose dull L , M) ...... 17 black stripes, lateral stripes with velvet black 17. Ocellar triangle carinate in apical part; gena spot anteriorly ...... Parectecepha/a Becker very deep, deeper than first flagellomere (one species P longicornis Fallen) (Figs. 1, E, M) ...... T. trifasciata 26. Scutum yellow with black or red longitudi- Ocellar triangle without carina in apical part, nal stripes ...... Chlorops Meigen (part). gena not deeper than first flagellomere (Fig. (key to species given by Nartshuk, 1998). 1, I, L) ...... 18 Scutum black, at most postpronotum and 18. Scutum and scutellum with sparse hairs. Scu­ notopleuron partly yellow ...... 27 tum with black shining stripes, middle stripe 27. Surface of scutum smooth ...... 28 reaching scutellum. Male abdomen with Surface of scutum rugose ...... 29 arched membranous vesicula seen best in the 28. Vibrissa! angle acute (Fig. 1, J) ...... macerated abdomen (Figs. 3, D, E) ...... Melanum Becker ...... T. glabra (one species- M. laterale Haliday) Scutum and scutellum distinctly haired. Scu­ Vibrissa! angle obtuse ...... tum with black or red stripes, middle stripe ...... Chlorops Meigen (part) usually ending before scutellum. Male ab­ (key to species given by Nartshuk, 1998) domen without membranous vesicula ... 19 29. Ocellar triangle reaching anterior margin of 19. Body yellow with black or red stripes on scu- frons. Middle tibia with small apical spur . tum ...... T. rufa ...... Epichlorops Zetterstedt Body darkened with black stripes. Male gen- (one species- E. puncticollis Zetterstedt). italia fig. 3, F ...... T. hallandica Ocellar triangle not reaching anterior mar­ 20. First flagellomere of antennae rounded api- gin of frons. Middle tibia with strong apical cally ...... Neohaplegis Beschovski spur...... Cetema Hendel...... 30 (one species - N. tarsata, male genitalia fig. 30. Arista white. Anterior and middle tibiae of 4, G). male with long hairs (Fig. 2, F). Male geni- First flagellomere of antennae acuminate . talia fig. 3, G ...... C. cereris ...... Lioy- 21 Arista black. Anterior and middle tibiae of 21. Frons yellow in front. Male genitalia fig. 4, male with or without long hairs ...... 31 H ...... C. diadema 31. Anterior and middle tibiae of male without Frons entirely black ...... C. .flavitarsis long hairs. Epandrium of male genitalia with 22. Arista shorter than remainder of antenna, straight processes (Figs. 3, H, J) ...... 32 nearly bare. Setulae of body white ...... Anterior and middle tibiae of male with long ...... Eutropha Loew - 23 hairs (as in fig. 2, F) ...... 33 Arista equal to or longer than remainder of 32. Genitalia of male figs 3, H, I. Processes short- 10 Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

K

M

Fig. 1. Heads of Chloropinae: A - Lasiosina herpini; B - Diplotoxa messoria; C - Diplotoxoides dalmatina; D - Thau­ matomyia notata; E - T. trifasciata; F - T. rufa; G - Trichieurina pubescens; H - Platycephala planifrons; I - P. umbraculata; J- Me/anum laterale; K- ; L - T. hallandica; M- T. trifasciata (arrows show breath of genae). ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae 11

Fig. 2. Wings and legs of Chloropinae: A - Chlorops sp.; B- Pseudopachychaeta heleocharis; C- Diplotoxa messo­ ria; D - Meromyza sp.; E- Platycephala planifrons; F- Cetema cereris; male middle leg; G - Meromyza sp, hind by. 12 Nartshuk: Grassflies ofthe subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

I J

Fig. 3. Male and female terminalia of Chloropinae: A- Pseudopachychaeta approximatonervis; B - P. heleocharis; C - Thaumatomyia notata; D, £ - T. glabra; F- T. hallandica; G - Cetema cereris; H, I - C. elongatum; J, K- C. simile; L - C. myopinum; F - after Andersson, 1977. ed - surstyli, ep- epandrium, pa - additional process, s- sternite, st- stigma, t - tergite, v - membranous vesicula. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae 13

Fig. 4. Male terminalia of Chloropinae: A, B - Lasiosina herpini; C, D - L. albipila; E - L. brevisurstylata; F - L. parvipennis (lectotype, dry specimen); G - Neohaplegis tarsata; H- Cryptonevra diadema; I - Diplotoxa messoria. 14 Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

er with oblique end, hypandrial arms slen- Trichieurina pubescens (Meigen, 1830). der ...... C. elongatum Genitalia of male fig. 3, J, K. Processes long­ Finland. Kb: Pyhaselkii (Hammaslahti), 15.06. 1935, er and tapering, hypandrial arms more mas- 4.06.1938, 7.07.1939, Kontkanen, I d', 5 '? '?. sive ...... C. simile The species occurs only on bogs and the host­ 33. Male genitalia with straight processes (as in plant is unknown, supposedly sedges. Kontkanen fig.3, G, H) ...... C. neglectum (1935) described in detail the locality. The spe­ Male genitalia with processes curved mesad cies is probably distributed more widely in Fin­ (Fig. 3, L) ...... C. myopinum land.

Europe, Transcaucasus, Kazakhstan. 4. List of the species, found in Finland, Karelia (Kr) and the Kola Peninsula (= Cryptonevra diadema (Meigen, 1830). Murmansk oblast, Lr) Finland. A/: Lumparland, Finnstrom, Geta, Kokar, Marian­ hamn. Ab: Naantali, Karjaa, Turku, Viistanfjlird. N: Helsinki, The abbreviation of the biological provinces in Tvlirminne. Oa: Vasklot, Korsholm. Om: Pietarsaari. Total 26 specimens. Finland are used according to the series Fauna Adults in June and July. The larvae live in entomologica scandinavica. There is no Finnish stems of Phragmites australis, mostly as inquilines material reared from plants available, but host­ in Lipara galls. It is less abundant than C. flavi­ plants are mentioned for some species on observ­ tarsis and occurs only in the south-western part ationon other parts of the Palaearctic. of Finland. It has not been previously recorded from St. Petersburg Province (Stackelberg, 1956), Plo.tycephalo. plo.nifrons (Fabricius, 1798). but I found it in 1989 at Myaglovo, 20 km east of Finland. A/: Lemland, Geta, Finstrom, Jomala, Eckero, Foglti St. Petersburg. The specimens were bred from Bano, Kokar. Ab: Dragsfjlird, , Naantali, Nagu, Slirki­ Lipara galls. salo, , Kaarina, Runsala, Pargas, Uusikaupunki. N: From Europe to Japan, North Africa. Tvarminne, Karjalohja, , Tammisaari, Hanko, In­ koo, Helsinki, Sveaborg, . St: Ylane. Ta: Heinola, Cryptonevraflavitarsis (Meigen, 1830). Hauho. Sa: Mikkeli. K/: Parikkala. Kb: Pyhaselka. Om: Pie­ tarsaari. Ob: Hailuoto, Liminka. Total 220 specimens. Russia. Kr: Jakkima, Salmi, Shuya. Total 5 specimens. Finland. A/: Foglti Bano, Geta, Sund, Finstrom. Ab: Uusikau­ punki, Parainen, Nagu, Turku, Viistanfjard. N: Helsinki, Adults in June - August, in southern Finland Tvlirminne, Porvoo, , lnkoo. Ka: Virolathi, Kymi. Ta : also in the first half of September. Found almost Kangasala, Hauula, Hameenlinna, Urjala. Oa : Vaasa. Om: everywhere common reed (Phragmites australis) Pietarsaari, Vimpele. Total 76 specimens. grows. The larvae develop in stems of reed. Re­ Adults in June and July. The larvae are found corded northwards to Oulu. in stems of Phragmites australis as inquilines in Europe, North Africa, Transcaucasus, Kaza­ Lipara galls, many larvae developing in one gall. khstan. A common species on reed. Northwards to Pie­ tarsaari. Plo.tycephalo. umbraculo.ta (Fabricius, 1794). Europe, North Africa, Asia to Mongolia and China. Finland. A/: Eckero. Ab: Kuusto, Parainen. N: Nurmijiirvi. The species was omitted from the last Finnish Om: Pietarsaari. Total 59 specimens. Check-list (Hackman, 1980) but it was included Adults in July and August. The larvae devel­ in earlier lists (Frey, 1933, 1941). op in stems of Phragmites australis. It is less abun­ dant than the preceding species and occurs only Neohaplegis tarsata (Fallen, 1820). in the south-western part of Finland. A transpalaearctic species, from Great Brit­ Finland. A/: Finnstrom. Hammarland, Jomala, Saltvik. Ab: ain to the Far East. Karjalohja, Salo, , Sarnmatti, Lohja, Pernio. N: Tack- ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae 15

trom, Hanko, Porvoo, Tvlirminne, . Ta: Adults in July- August. A more common and Hameen!inna, Pirkkala, Tampere, Janakkala, Sysmli. Sa: abundant species on meadows and usually in dri­ Mlinthyhaxju. Oa: Korsholm. Om: Pietarsaari. Total 80 spec­ imens. er places than the preceeding species. The larvae Russia. Kr: Impilahti, 1 '?. are phytophagous in shoots of many meadow Adults in June and July. The larvae supposed­ grasses. ly live in shoots of Carex. Recorded northwards A European species. to Pietarsaari. Europe, Transcaucasus, Kazakhstan, West and Cetema myopinum (Loew, 1866). East Siberia. Finland. Ab: Kaarina. N: . Ka: Vehkalahti. St: YHine. Ta: Hameenlinna. Sa: Joutseno, Rajala Saima Kana!. Oa: Cetema cereris (Fallen, 1810). Toysli. Sb: Maaninka. Om: Pietarsaari. Total 19 rJ a. Russia. Kr: Island Valaam, Derevyannoe. Segezha, Kos­ AI: Finland. Hammarland, Eckero, Jomala, Foglo, Kumlinge. tomuksha. Total 4d' rJ. Ab: Parainen, Uusikaupunki, Lohja, Karjalohja, Kaarina. N: Helsinki, Espoo, Porvoo, Kirkkonummi, Hanko, Nurmijlirvi, Adults in July. It is less abundant than the pre­ Nummela. Ka: Harnina, Vehkalahti. St: Vammala. Ta: Tam­ ceding two species of the genus. The larvae are pere, Sysmli, Hlimeelinna, Sliliksmliki. Sa: Mikkeli, Rajala phytophagous in shoots of grasses. Found north­ Saima Kana!. Oa: Vaasa, Narpes. Tb: Jyviiskylii, Viitasaari, wards to Vaasa. Ahtiiri, Keuruu. Sb: Iisalmi, Kiuruvesi. Kb: Ilomantsi. Om: Pietarsaari. Ok: Suomussalmi. Ob: Rovaniemi, Piisavaara, Distributed from Europe to West Siberia and naturpark, Pudasjlirvi. Ks: Kuusamo. Li: Utsjoki. Total 38 Mongolia. d'd',41'?'?. Russia. Kr: Kolatselga, Paanajlirvi, Island Bolshoi Cetema neglectum Tonnoir, 1921. Klimenezky, 2 km N Vorobji. Total 3 rJ rJ. Lr: Murmansk, 1 rJ Adults from the end of July to August. A com­ Finland. AI: Saltvik, Jomala, Vardo, Dragsfjlird. Ab: Kar­ mon species on wet meadows. The larvae are phy­ jalohja, Turku, Kaarina, Nauvo. N: Tammisaari, Tviirrninne, tophagous, supposedly in shoots of Agrostis sp. Ekeniis. Sa: Mlintyharju. Total 9 rJ rJ, 4 '? '?. and probably in other meadow grasses. It is found A new species for Finland. throughout Finland. Adults in July and August. It is uncommon on A transpalaearctic species, from Great Brit­ meadows. The species is new to Finland. It was ain to Sakhalin. found only in southern Finland. A European species. Cetema elongatum (Meigen, 1830). (Meigen, 1830). Finland. N: Espoo, 12.07. 1985, rJ (Nartshuk). Sa: Taipal­ saari, 1 rJ (Maklin). Females of this and the next species are Finland. AI: Foglo Bano, Appelo, Finstrom. Ab: Korpoo, indistinguishable. Karjalohja, Nauvo, Dragsfjiird, , Kaarina, Salo. N: A rare species, on wet meadows. Most earlier Hanko, Tviirrninne, Tammisaari, Nurmijlirvi, Espoo, Kirk­ records in the literature are of C. simile. The lar­ konummi, Helsinki, Sveaborg. Ka: Vehkalahti. St: Luvia, Pori. Ta: Tampere, Hattula, Sysmli, Teisko. Sa: Juva, Mikkeli, vae are phytophagous in shoots of meadow grass­ Savonlinna. Oa: Bergo, Mustasaari, Replot. Tb: Viitasaari. es. Found only in the southern part of Finland. Kb: Liperi. Om: Vimpeli, Pietarsaari. Ob: Rovaniemi, Hailuo­ A European species. to, Simo. Lk: Muonio, Kolari. Le: Enontekio, Siilasjiirvi. Total 123 specimens. Russia. Kr: Segezha, Konchozero, Petrosavodsk. Total 4 1985. Cetema simile Ismay, specimens. Lr: Gavrilovo, 1 '?. Adults from June to September. The larvae are Finland. Ab: Korpoo, Karjalohja. N: , Espoo, Lakisto. Ta : Tampere. Sb: Maaninka. Om: Pietarsaari. Total found in the ground and are carnivorous, feeding 14rJ rJ. on root aphids. A common species. Found north­ A new species for Finland. wards to the Kola Peninsula. Found northwards to Pietarsaari. A Holarctic species. Russia. Kr: Sortavala, Vidlitza. Total 2 rJ a. 16 Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

Thaumatomyia hallandica Andersson, 1966. angle and first flagellomere vary from almost yel­ low to black. Recorded northwards to Vaasa. Finland. A/: Jomala, Finstrom, Saltvik. Ab: Turku, Lemu, A transpalaearctic species, from Europe to Ja­ Nauvo, Karjalohja, Uusikaupunki, Sammatti, Tenala. N: pan. Tviirminne, Lakisto, Nurrnijiirvi, Kirkkonummi, Helsinki, Hanko. St: Eura. Ka: Yliimaa. Ta: Tampere. Sa: Joutseno, Lap­ peenranta. K/: Parikkala. Ob: Simo. Le: Enontekio. Total 43 Thaumatomyia trijasciata (Zetterstedt, 1848). specimens. Russia. Kr: Konchozero, Sheltozero, Chupa, Kartesh. Finland: AI: Harrunarland. Ab: Salo, Karjalohja, Korpo Jur­ Total 6 specimens. mo, Nagu, Pargas. N: Tvarminne, Nurmijarvi, Hyvinkaa, Adults from June to August. The larvae are Kirkkonummi, Helsinki, Espoo, Hanko. Ka: Virolahti. Ta: found in the ground and are carnivorous, feeding Hameenlinna, Palkiine, Lammi, Kangasala. Sa: Taipalsaari, on root aphids. An uncommon species found in Mantyharju, Joutseno, Valkeala, Anttola. Oa: Lapua, Lapvaartti. Tb: Ahtari. Kb: Katiolahti, Ilomantsi. Om: Pie­ the whole territory of Finland. tarsaari, Pyhantii, Nykarleby, Pyhajiirvi. Ok: Suomussalmi. Europe, Transcaucasus, Central Asia, West and Ob: Oulu, Pisavaara naturpark, Hailuoto. Ks: Salla, Kuusa­ East Siberia, Mongolia. mo. Lk: Muonio, Kittila. Le: Malia, Enontekia, Kilpisjiirvi. Li: Utsjoki, Inari. Total 90 specimens. Thaumatomyia notata (Meigen, 1830). Russia. Kr: Olonetz, Kartesh, Podlakhty, Chupa, Paanajarvi, Segozero, Salmi, Petrosavodsk. Total 211 sp. Lr: Trifona; Bjaloguba, Kandalaksha, Gavrilovo, Finland. A/: Sund, Marienhamn, Hammarland, Jomala, Fin­ strom. Ab: Nauvo, Uusikaupunki, Uskela, , Kiikala, Voronje, Polamy, Munnansk, Kola, Kuolajarvi, Ponoj, Lohja, Turku, Parainen, Sammatti, Karjalohja. N: Hanko, 50 km W Ylatuloma, Pechenga, Lutta, Kuvernoori, Tviirminne, , Espoo, Kirkkonurnmi, Ekeniis, Inkoo, Khibiny Lake Vudjavr; Tuba Guba, Viorerni, Monche­ Helsinki, , Sipoo, Porvoo. Ka: Vehkalahti, Hei­ gorsk, Kolvitza, Tumannyi 120 krn E Murmansk, Yuk­ nijoki. St: Yliine. Ta: YIOjiirvi, Hauula, Jiimsii, Pirkkala, Tam­ sporrijok River near Kirovsk, Seyidozero 20 krn SE perc, Kangasala, Sysmii, Teisko, Hiimeenlinna. Sa: Taipal­ Revda. Total 67 specimens. saari, Mikkeli, Punkaharju, Joutseno, Ristiina. Oa: Petalax. Tb: Keuruu, Ahtiiri. Sb: Kangaslampi. Om: Pietarsaari, Adults in June - August. A common species Nykarleby, Alajiirvi. Total 203 specimens. on bogs and the supralittoral zone of the sea. The Russia. Kr: Petrosavodsk, Salmi, Sortavala, Paanajiirvi. larvae are found in the ground and are carnivo­ Total 5 specimens. rous, feeding on root aphids. Recorded northwards Adults from May to September, hibernating. to the sea shore of the Kola Peninsula. The larvae are found in the ground and are car­ A Holarctic species. nivorous, feeding on root aphids. A common spe­ cies, especially in southern Finland. Found north­ Eutrophafulvifrons (Haliday, 1833). wards to Vaasa. A widespread species, in the Palaearctic, Ori­ Finland. N: Hanko, 25.07.1927 (Krogerus}, ld' ental and Afrotropical Regions. A new species for Finland. The species occurs on sandy plac­ es, usually on dunes on sea shores. Only in the south of Fin­ Thaumatomyia rufa (Macquart, 1835). land. A European-mediterranean species.

Finland. Al: Foglo Bano, Eckero, Marienhamn, Finstrom. Ab: Turku, Kustavi, Karjalohja, Vihti, Karjaa, Parainen. N: Kirk­ Eutropha variegata (Loew, 1866). konurnmi, Nurmijiirvi, Helsinki, Lakisto, Sipoo. Ka: Harni­ na. Ta: Jiimsii, Kangasala, Parikkala, Tampere, Hauho. Sa: Finland. Ab: Vihti, Tvarminne, Hanko.Total 3 a a, 12 'f 'f. Joutseno, Mikkeli. K/: Parikkala. Oa: Lapua, Lapviiiirtti. Tb: A rare species, occuring only on the sea shore Ahtiiri, Viitasaari. Sb: Tuovilahti. Kb: Eno, Kontilahti. Om: on sand dunes in July and August. It is peculiar in Pietarsaari. Total 69 specimens. Russia. Kr: Kolatselga, Petrosavodsk, Sortavala, Kon­ the sexual dimorphism of the antennae: the fust chozero, Salmi, Soroka, Shuya. Total 7 specimens. flagellomere is larger and yellow in males, small­ Adults from the end of June to August. The er and black in females. The species is found only larvae are found in the ground and are carnivo­ in southern Finland. rous, feeding on root aphids. Finnish specimens Recorded from Europe, Transcaucasus, Kaza­ are markedly variable in colour. The ocellar tri- khstan, Central Asia. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae 17

Centorisoma elegantulum Becker, 1910. A Holarctic species.

The species has not been found in Finland. The Pseudopachychaeta heleocharis (Nartshuk, nearest locality is the Island Berezovy near Vy­ 1964). borg, close to the Finnish border (Nartshuk, 1984). It is expected that the species will be found in Finland. Ta: Tampere, Sysma. Om: Pietarsaari. Total 4 \! \!. southern Finland. A new species for Finland, specimens from Known from Europe, Transcaucasus, Kaza­ Ta were determined by 0. Duda (Frey, 1933) as khstan, south of West Siberia. P. approximatonervis. Adults in August in wet places on Eleocharis sp., the larvae develop within Diplotoxa messoria (Fallen, 1820). inflorescences of Eleocharis. Only found in the south of Finland. Finland. AI: Geta, Jomala, Hammarland, Eckerti, Ftiglti Bano, The species has been recorded previously from Saltvik, Ktikar, Marienharnn. Ab: Parainen, Korppoo, Turku, Europe and Northern Kazakhstan. Kaarina, Karjalohja, Bromarv, Vihti, Nauvo, Lohja, Drags­ fjard, Uusikaupunki, Pohja. N: Tvarminne, Hanko, Ekenas, Porvoo, Sipoo, Helsinki. Ta: Hameenlinna, Sysma, Tampere, Pseudopachychaeta ruficeps (Zetterstedt, 1848). Kangasala. Kl: Parikkala. Oa: Vaasa, Malax, Petalax, Kris­ tiinankaupunki, Mustasaari. Tb: Keuruu, Jyvaskyla. Sb: Kiu­ Finland. Ab: Sammati, Lohja, Karjalohja. N: Helsinki, ruvesi. Kb: Ilomantsi. Om: Merijarvi, Nykarleby, Kalajoki, Tvarminne, Espoo, Hanko. Ta: Lammi. Sa: Mikkeli. Oa: Pietarsaari, Larsmo. Ob: Kuivaniemi, Oulu, Hailuoto. Total Vaasa, Koivulahti. Tb: Laukaa, Ahtari, Jyvaskyla. Sb: Lep­ 352 specimens. pHvirtH, Nilsia. Om: Nykarleby, Pietarsaari. Ok: Kajaani. Ob: Russia. Kr: Jakkima, Sortavala. Total 2 specimens. Hailuoto, Pisavaara naturpark. Ks: Kuusamo. Lk: Muonio Adults from the end of June to August. A com­ Kittila, Inari. Le: Malia. Li: Utsjoki. Total 56 a a, 52\! \!. Russia. Kr: Paanajarvi, 1 E. Lr: Bjaloguba, Kola, Ponoj, mon and abundant species in moist habitats on Kuolajarvi, Kandalaksha, Trifona, Polarny, Khibiny, Lake Eleocharis, which is its host plant. Northwards to Vydjarv. Total 11 a a, 7 \! \!. Oulu. A new species for Finland. Adults from May A Holarctic species. to September on bogs, hibernating. The larvae live in inflorescences of Eriophorum vaginatum Diplotoxoides dalmatinus (Strobl, 1900). (Nartshuk,1962). It is an abundant species on bogs. Found northwards to the Kola Peninsula. Finland. N: Hanko, Lohja, Helsinki. Om: Pietarsaari, A transpalaearctic boreal species. Uusikaarlepyy. Total 7 a a, 17 \! \! . Russia. Kr: Bolshie Gory, 1 \! . Adults in July and August, in moist localities. Lasiosina albipila (Loew, 1866). Found northwards to Vaasa. A transpalaearctic species, found from Europe Finland. N: Helsinki, 1 d'. A new species for Finland occuring only in to the Far East. the south of the country. Pseudopachychaeta approximatonervis (Zetter­ A European species. stedt, 1848). Lasiosina brevisurstylata Dely-Draskovits, 1977. Finland. AI: Saltvik, Hammarland, Lemland. Ab: Lohja, Salo, Uusikaupunki, Parainen, Pohja. N: Tvarminne, Helsinki, Finland. St: Eura, 16. 06. 1982, Koponen, 1 \!. Hanko. Ta: Tampere, Yltijarvi. Oa: Kverlax, Maxmo. Sb: A new species for Finland occuring only in Leppavirta. Om: Pietarsaari, Nykarleby. Ob: Pudasjarvi. Le: the south of Finland. The species was reared from Enontekiti. Total 33 a a, 41 \! \!. shoots of winter wheat and spring barley together Adults from the end of May to June. The lar­ with L. herpini (as L. cinctipes) in Bulgaria (Be­ vae are phytophagous, in inflorescences of spe­ schovsky, Krusteva, 1997). cies of Eriophorum, except E. vaginatum (Narts­ A Euro-Caucasian species. huk, 1962). It is found throughout Finland. 18 Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

Lasiosina herpini (Guerin-Meneville, 1843) (= or rarely within inflorescences (Pseudopachycha­ cinctipes auct., not Meigen, 1830). eta Strobl). Species of Lasiosina Becker and Diplotoxa Loew seem to live in dead shoots, and Finland. Ab: Kaarina, Turku, Parainen. N: Nurmijiirvi, Hel­ species of Thaumatomyia Zenker are carnivorous, sinki, . St: Vammala. Total 3d' d', 5 ~ ~. living in the ground and feeding on root aphids. Russia. Kr: Kolatselga, Gizhino, Gumbartzy. Total 1 d', The total number of species in the subfamily Chlo­ 2 ~ ~ specimens. ropinae for Finland is 67, but for the Kola Penin­ Adults in July- September. It is found only in sula only 13. The fauna of Karelia has not been the south of Finland. The species (as L. cinctipes) adequately studied. The fauna of Chloropinae of was recorded as a pest of cereals in Finland (Kal­ the St. Petersburg Province of Russia and Estonia lio, 1950). situated to the south of Finland has been rather A transpalaearctic species. well studied and 69 species are known from the St. Petersburg Province (Stackelberg, 1958, 1965, Lasiosina parvipennis Duda, 1933. Nartshuk, 1962 and new data) and 68 from Esto­

Finland. Ab: Bromarv. St: Yliine. Ta: Piilkiine.Sa: Lappeen­ nia (Nartshuk, Elberg, 1979 and new data). ranta. Kb: Pyhaselka. Om: Nykarleby. Total 5 d' d', 3 ~ ~. The number of species of Chloropinae changes A rare species in collections because of its insignificantly on the East European plain. It de­ habits. It occurs on bogs. Specimens were cap­ creases by 17.6% between 50-60 N.L., from the tured in May and in the beginning of September. south of Ukraine (86 species, Nartshuk, 1992) to The species has shortened wings of variable St. Petersburg Province (69 species), i.e. by about length, some females having nearly normal wings. 1-1.5 species for every latitude degree. North of Most examined specimens are dark, with the black 60 N.L. the decrease becomes more sharp. On the pubescent stripes on scutum almost fused. Found next 10 degrees, between 60 and 70 N.L., the northwards to Vaasa. number of species decreases by 78.7 %, from the The species was described from 3 specimens: south of Finland (67 species) to the north of the 1d', "Ylane,J. Sahlberg, 142,N8153"; 1d', "Lap­ country (14 species), i.e. by 5 species for one pvesi, J. Sahlberg, 373, N 8152" and 1 !i? "Fl[uss] degree. Swir, J. Sahlberg, 79". The first two specimens The number of species in the territory of St. were collected in Finland, the third one in the east­ Petersburg Province from the south (Luga Dis­ em part of St. Petersburg Province. Two males trict) to the north (the Karelian Isthmus) and to are in the Zoological Museum of Helsinki Uni­ the south of Finland also changes. Only Chlorops versity, but the female was not found in the col­ pannonicus Strobl, C. riparius Smimov and C. lection. Both males are in good condition, fitting fasciatus Meigen are known from the southern the original description. The male genitalia are part of St. Petersburg Province (Luga District) well illustrated in the specimen from Ylane (Fig. but are not found in Finland. It is worthy of note 3, F) and this specimen is designated as lectotype. that some European species ( Ch/orops distinguen­ Found in northern Europe, West and East Si­ dus Frey, C. centromaculatus Duda, Eutrophaful­ beria, Mongolia. vifrons Haliday, Meromyza rostrata Hubicka, and M. elbergi Fedoseeva) are found in south-west­ em Finland, but not in St. Petersburg Province and only the last species is recorded from Esto­ 5. Distribution of the species nia. The records from Finland are the most north­ eastern for these species. Chlorops sere nus Loew The investigated territory is of special interest is recorded only in the south of St. Petersburg because the northern limits of many species are Province and found again in south-western Fin­ situated here. The species of the subfamily Chlo­ land on the Aland Islands. The influence of the ropinae are mostly phytophagous. They are as­ sea also explains the more northern distribution sociated with grasses and sedges in the larval of many species along the coastline compared to stage. Larvae live within shoots of living plants the eastern part of Finland. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae 19

The number of species decreases gradually Zetterstedt, a species of probably Siberian origin from the south of Finland to the north. Some spe­ (see Nartshuk, 1998). cies (13) occur only in the southern part of Fin­ The maps include records not only from Fin­ land and are not found north of 61 N .L. (see maps). land, Karelia and the Kola Peninsula, but also from This boundary approximately corresponds to the the Karelian Isthmus and Solovetstk Islands. isopleth 1200 (Laaksonen, 1979). The next bound­ ary lies nearly at 63 N.L., approximately corre­ Acknowledgments. The work was fulfilled with the fi­ sponding to isopleth 1100: another 10 species are nancial support of the Russian Foundation of Fundamental Research (grants 99-04-49809 4 and 95-15-97910) and the not known north of this boundary. The third Federal Special Science and Technology Programme "Bio­ boundary lies at nearly 65 N.L. (the level of Oulu, logical Diversity". I wish to express my sincere thanks to the isopleth 1000). Only 21 species are recorded north Finnish entomologists Dr. W. Hackman, Dr. G. Stahls, Dr. P. of Oulu. From them 7 species (Chlorops troglo­ Vilkamaa, Dr. H. Silfverberg for valuable help during my visits to the Zoological Museum in Helsinki for work on the dytes Zetterstedt, C. rufinus Zetterstedt, C. graci­ Project 20 and Dr. M. Koponen for some Finnish Chloropi­ lis Meigen, C. brevimanus Loew, C. scalaris dae. My sincere thanks to Dr. J.W. Ismay (University Muse­ Meigen, C. zonulatus Wahlgren, and Thauma-to­ um of Natural History, Oxford, UK) for correcting the Eng­ myia notata) do not cross the Arctic Circle. Only lish of the text. 14 species are recorded north of the Arctic Cir­ cle: Cetema cereris, Chlorops varsoviensis Beck­ er, Thaumatomyia hallandica, T. glabra, T. tri­ References fasciata, Loew, C. rossicus Smimov, C. speciosus Meigen, C. rufescens Old­ Andersson, H. 1977: Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies enberg, C. scutellaris Zetterstedt, Me/anum late­ on Chloropidae (Diptera) with special reference to Old raZe Haliday, Epichlorops puncticollis Zetterstedt, World genera.- Entomol. Scand. Suppl. 8: 1-200. Meromyza saltatrix L. Pseudo-pachychaeta rufi­ Beschovski, V. & Krustena, H. 1997: Contribution to the study of the pupa and biology of Lasiosina brevisursty lata and ceps. Only the last 11 and above species are re­ L. cinctipes (Insecta, Diptera, Chloropidae).-Acta zoo!. corded on the Kola Peninsula up to the sea shore Bulgarica 49: 32-41. of the Arctic Ocean. Frey, R. 1933: Fiirteckung over chloropider, bestam­ The Finnish fauna of the genus Meromyza da av. 0. Uuda. - Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fennica 9: 128-139. Meigen and the tribe Chloropini were compared Hackman, W. 1980: A check list of the Finnish Diptera II earlier with the known fauna of the respective Cyclorrhapha. - Notulae Entomol. 60: 117-162. groups in Yakutia (Nartshuk, 1988, 1992e, 1998). Kallio, A. 1950: Some new pest of cereals in Finland. The territory of Yakutia lies nearly on the same -Ann. Entomol. fennici 16: 200-201. Kontkanen, P. 1935: Trichieurina pubescens Meig. (Dipt., latitude, but in a strongly continental sector of Chloropidae) in Finnland gefunden. -Ann. Entomol. Eurasia. A comparison of the fauna of all genera fennici 10(2): 60---62. of Chloropinae of these two territories leads to Krogerus, R. 1932: Ober die Okologie und verbreitung der the following conclusions. Arthropoden der Tiebsandgebiete an den Kusten Fin­ lands.- Acta Zoo!. Fennica 12: 1-308. l.The Finnish fauna of Chloropinae is richer Krogerus, R. 1960: Okologische Studien tiber nordische than that ofYakutia: 67 and 51 recorded species Moorarthropoden.- Comment. Bioi. 21(3): 1-238. respectively (see Table 1). Laaksonen, K. 1979: Effective temperature sums and dura­ 2. The fauna ofYakutia contains more xerophi­ tion of the vegetative period in Fennoscandia (1921- 1950).- Pennia 157: 171-197. lous elements, especially in the generaMeromyza Lindberg, H. & Saris, N. E. 1952: Insektenfaunan i Pisavaara Meigen and Lasiosina Becker. naturpark (Finland, Prob. Ob.). -Acta Soc. Fauna Flo­ 3. More species cross the Arctic Circle north­ ra Fennica. 69(2): 1-82. wards in Yakutia than in Finland: 21 and 11 spe­ Nartshuk, E. P. 1962: (On fauna and ecology of Chloropidae (Diptera) of Leningrad oblast).-Trudy Zoo!. Inst. A cad. cies respectively. Sci. of USSR. 30: 250-275. (In Russian) 4. The number of species in common is not Nartshuk, E.P. 1984: (Diptera of Bolshoy Beresovyy Islands high: 30 species (34.5 % ), and these species are connected with grasses with description of a new spe­ common Holarctic and transpalaearctic species cies of the family Opomyzidae). -Trudy Zoo!. Inst. Acad. Sci. of USSR. Leningrad. 23: 51-59. (In Russian) with one exception. It is Chlorops scutellaris 20 Nartshuk: Grassjlies ofthe subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

Nartshuk, E. P. 1988: (Chloropid- of the genus Mero­ West Russia.- Entomol. Fennica 9(3): 153-183. myza Mg. (Diptera, Chloropidae) from Finland).- The N artshuk, E. P. & Elberg, K. 1979: (List of Chloropidae (Dip­ connections between entomofaunas of the North Europe tera) of Estonia.-Dipteroloogilisi Uurimus. Tartu: 122- and Siberia. Leningrad: 112-117. (In Russian) 143. (In Russian, English and Estonian summaries) Nartshuk, E. P. 1992a: (On grassflies (Diptera, Chloropidae) Nartshuk, E.P. & Fedoseeva, L.l. 1980: (On fauna ofYaku­ of Ukraine).- The 3d meeting of the Ukrainian ento­ tian steppe: grassflies of the genus Meromyza Mg. (Dip­ mol. soc. Kharkov: 114-115. (In Ukrainian) tera, Chloropidae)).- Bioi. nauki, Moskwa 9: 46-52. Nartshuk, E. P.l992b: (Chloropid flies of the genus Chlo­ (In Russian). rops (Diptera, Chloropidae) of Yakutia). - Systemati­ Seguy, E. 1934: Chloropidae.- Fauna de France. Paris. 28. ca, zoogeografia i karyologia dvukrylykh nasekomykh. Dipteres: 472-537. St. Petersburg: 121-129. (In Russian) Stackelberg, A. A. 1958: (Materials on Diptera fauna of Len­ N artshuk, E. P. 1992c: Revision of the species of Meromyza ingrad oblast. III Diptera . pt. 1). -Trudy Meigen (Diptera, Chloropidae) from Finland. - Ento­ Zool. lnst. Acad. Sci. of USSR. Leningrad. 24:103-191. mol. Fennica 3(3): 121-138. (In Russian) Nartshuk, E. P. 1997: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropi­ Stackelberg, A. A. 1965: (New data on Diptera fauna of Len­ nae (Diptera, Chloropidae) ofYakutia and Magadan prov­ ingrad oblast). - Latvias Entomologs. 10: 61-71. (In ince.- Intern. J. Dipterol. Research 8(1): 9-22. Russian) Nartshuk, E.P. 1998: A revision of the tribe Chloropini (Dip­ tera, Chloropidae) from Finland, Karelia and North- ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae 21

Table 1. List of Chloropinae species known from Finland, Estonia, North-Western Russia with their occurence in Yakutia

Species ZE Fin Est SPb Kr Lr Ya

Platycephala planifrons EAt + + + + P. umbraculata TPp + ex + + Trichieurina pubescens EAb + ex + ex ex Cryptonevra diadema EAt + + + C. flavitarsis EAt + + + ex Neohap/egis tarsata TPb + + + + + Cetema cereris TPp + + + + + C. elongatum E + + + C. myopinum EAp + + + + C. neglectum E + ex ex C. simile E + + + + Thaumatomyia glabra H + + + + + + T. hallandica Tpb + + + + + T. notata TPp + + + + + T. rufa TPp + + + + + T. trifasciata H + + + + + + Eutropha variegata EM + + + E. fulvifrons EM + ex Centorisoma elegantulum Eat ex + + ex Diplotoxa messoria H + + + + + Diplotoxoides da/matinus TPb + ex + + + Pseudopachychaeta approximatonervis H + + + + + P. ruficeps TPb + + + + + + P. heleocharis EK + + + ex • - Lasiosina a/bipila TPp + + + ex L. brevisurstylata Eat + ex + ex + L. herpini TPp + + + + + L. parvipennis TPb + + + Ex ex Meromyza, Nartshuk, 1992 16 16 14 12 2 17 Chloropini, Nartshuk, 1998 24 29 29 21 8 17

Total 67 68 69 50 13 51

Note. ex - expected species. Data on the occurence in Yakutia (Nartshuk, 1992b, 1997, Nartshuk & Fedoseeva, 1980) are added for comparison and do not represent a complete list for this territory. The total number of species of Chloropinae recorded from Yakutia is 51. ZE - zoogeographical elements: E - european, EAb- euro-asian boreal, EAt - euro-asian temperate, EC - euro- caucasian, EM - aura-mediterranean, EK- euro-kazakhstanian, H - Holarctic, TPb- transpalaearctic boreal, TPp - transpalaearctic polyzonal. TPt - transpalaearctic temperate. 22 Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

Appendix ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassjlies ofthe subfamily Chloropinae 23 24 Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

ll ~ Cetems myoplnum Cetema neglectum ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassjlies of the subfamily Chloropinae 25

Thaumatomyia rula 26 Nartshuk: Grassflies ofthe subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

II I Y~

Euttopha variegate

i •

Diplotoxa messoria ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10 • Nartshuk: Grassflies of the subfamily Chloropinae 27 28 Nartshuk: Grassjlies ofthe subfamily Chloropinae • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 10

Laslosina a/bipi/a