Secretariat and budget

The WTO Secretariat has 621 staff on the regular budget, including individuals from 70 of the WTO’s members. The WTO mainly derives its income from annual contributions from its 153 members. These contributions are based on a formula that takes into account each member’s share of international trade. The WTO’s total budget for 2010 is CHF 193,989,500.

World Trade Organization 138 Annual Report 2010 SERT C E A IAT and BUDGET 139 51 46 40 41 42 44 40 47 47 48 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

WTO staff on regular budget by gender and nationality as of 31 December 2009 December 31 of as nationality and gender by budget regular staff WTO on 2009 December 31 of as gender and grade by budget regular staff WTO on Internal audit Internal Budget, finance and administration and finance Budget, 2009 expenditure Consolidated WTO Secretariat WTO 2010 May chart – organizational Secretariat WTO Allocation of staff by division as of 31 December 2009 December 31 of as division staff by of Allocation 2010-11 budget Consolidated 2010 Body Appellate the of budget the and budget WTO the to contributions Members’ Annual Report 2010 Secretariat WTO Secretariat and budget T he WTO Secretariat, with offices in Geneva, has 621 staff on the regular budget and is headed by Director-General . Since decisions are taken by WTO members, the Secretariat has no decision-making powers. Its main duties are to supply technical and professional support for the various councils and committees, to provide technical assistance for developing countries, to monitor and analyse developments in world trade, to provide information to the public and the media and to organize the ministerial conferences. The Secretariat also provides some forms of legal assistance in the dispute settlement process and advises governments wishing to become members of the WTO.

The Secretariat staff on the regular budget includes individuals from 70 of the WTO’s members (see Table 2). The professional staff is composed mostly of economists, lawyers and others with a specialization in international trade policy. There is also a substantial number of personnel working in support services, including informatics, finance, human resources and language services. The total staff complement is composed almost equally of men and women. The working languages of the WTO are English, French and Spanish.

Figure 1: WTO Secretariat organization chart – May 2010

Director-General Pascal Lamy Office of the Director-General Arancha González Laya

Human Council & Trade Office of Information Appellate Resources Negotiations Internal Audit and External Body Mira Bacelj Committee Margaret Relations Werner Evan Rogerson Kireeta-Mwanja Keith Rockwell Zdouc

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Legal Affairs Development Agriculture and Market Access Bruce Wilson Shishir Commodities Carmen Luz Priyadarshi Clemens Guarda Rules Boonekamp Johannes Human Institute for Training Intellectual Property and Technical Trade and Antony Taubman Economic Research Cooperation Environment and Statistics Hakim Ben Vesile Kulaçog˘lu Administration and Patrick Low Hammouda General Services Robert Luther Trade in Services Accessions Technical Hamid Mamdouh Chiedu Osakwe Cooperation Audit Informatics Jorge Viganó Ghassan Karam

Trade Policies Languages, Review Documentation and Richard Eglin Information Management Christiane Verguin

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Office of Deputy Director-General 3 Director-General Deputy of Office Deputy Director Deputy World Trade Organization Annual Report 2010 Secretariat Budget, finance and and budget administration I n 2009 the Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration recommended approval of the proposed budget for the biennium

Background 2010–11 and discussed issues relating to the renovation of The Committee on Budget, Finance and the WTO headquarters building and the construction of a new Administration monitors the WTO’s budgetary adjoining building. and financial situation, including matters relating to the receipt of contributions, and undertakes any function assigned to it by WTO members. The committee examined the Director-General’s budget proposals for the biennium It considers issues concerning human resources 2010–11, which envisaged reinforcing the WTO’s work on trade monitoring, surveillance management, hears progress reports on the and the collection of trade information, strengthening WTO outreach for the Asia and WTO Pension Plan and deals with financial Middle East regions and undertaking internal redeployment in order to increase efficiency. and administrative matters concerning the The biennial budget was approved with a 2.5 per cent increase for 2010 and a WTO Secretariat. The committee reports 2.2 per cent increase for 2011. to the General Council. In February 2009, a jury – composed of the committee Chair and representatives of the host country , the Secretariat and independent architects – awarded the first prize for the design of the planned new building to Wittfoht Architekten of Stuttgart, Germany. The cost of the project amounts to CHF 40 million, financed by a loan from the host country which will also contribute CHF 10 million to construct the underground car park. In a referendum in September, citizens of the City of Geneva supported the construction of the new building.

The renovation of the first sector of the Centre William Rappard, which began in August 2008, was completed on time, and work on the second sector is under way. The project to create a single WTO site, which will bring all WTO staff together in one location for the first time, is scheduled for completion in 2012.

The committee recommended the adoption of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) as the WTO accounting standard, with the objective of issuing IPSAS-compliant financial statements for the 2012 reporting period.

The committee, after extensive discussion on the actuarial deficit, endorsed the recommendation of the Management Board of the WTO Pension Plan to raise the overall contribution rate and to increase the normal retirement age from 62 to 65.

WTO budget 2010 The WTO derives its income from annual contributions from its 153 members (see Table 6) and miscellaneous income. These contributions are based on a formula that takes into account each member’s share of international trade. Miscellaneous income mainly consists of contributions from observer countries and income from the sale of publications.

The WTO’s budget for 2010 is as follows:

• WTO Secretariat: CHF 188,483,400 • Appellate Body and its Secretariat: CHF 5,506,100.

The total WTO budget is CHF 193,989,500.

Budget World Trade Organization 146 www.wto.org/budget Annual Report 2010 SERT C E A IAT and BUDGET 147 0 0 * CHF CHF ,827,000 ,827,000 ,939,000 ,315,000 ,453,300 ,801,308 ,801,308 ,780,845 ,289,553 ,022,192 ,236,600 ,236,600 ,793,037 ,793,037 ,866,000 ,866,000 ,089,000 ,281,000 ,919,837 ,919,837 ,699,231 ,232,438 ,786,500 ,786,500 ,550,604 ,550,604 Budget 2011 Budget 2011 4 2 3 6 8,911,000 4 2 2 6 6,477,900 9 8 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 5,992,700 5,992,700 5,569,078 5,569,078 98,204,600 98,204,600 87,545,424 87,545,424 1 1 1 28,507,500 28,507,500 20,409,401 20,409,401 1 penditure2009 x 1 1 1 1 E

0 CHF CHF 00,000 1 ,624,000 ,624,000 ,939,000 ,315,000 ,349,500 ,633,500 ,633,500 ,939,000 ,823,600 ,228,400 ,298,000 ,298,000 ,250,000 ,250,000 ,843,000 ,843,000 ,130,000 ,191,000 ,696,000 ,696,000 ,198,000 ,305,000 ,786,500 ,786,500 ,811,500 ,811,500 Budget 2010 Budget2010 Budget 2009 Budget2009 4 2 3 6 8,038,900 4 2 3 6 6,859,900 9 9 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 5,875,300 5,875,300 4,975,500 4,975,500 93,989,500 93,989,500 89,257,600 1 1 1 25,599,300 25,599,300 1 21,437,200 21,437,200 1 1 1 1

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tal tal a a e e o o S ction T Consolidated 5: ble S ction T 2009 Consolidatedexpenditure 4: ble Unaudited accounts. Consolidated statements WTOthe Appellate andtheto refer Body Secretariats. nternational Trade Centre Trade nternational nternational Trade Centre Trade nternational T Missions courses policy Trade activities) information public and library publications, panels, settlement dispute (including Various Unforeseen I T I Missions courses policy Trade public and library publications, panels, settlement dispute (including Various activities) information Unforeseen Staff overheads (including training and insurance) and training (including overheads Staff Staff overheads (including training and insurance) and training (including overheads Staff Permanent equipment equipment Permanent Expendable security) and automation office reproduction, (including services Contractual Permanent equipment equipment Permanent Expendable security) and automation office reproduction, (including services Contractual Building facilities (including rental, utilities, maintenance and insurance) and maintenance utilities, rental, (including facilities Building Building facilities (including rental, utilities, maintenance and insurance) and maintenance utilities, rental, (including facilities Building Temporary assistance assistance Temporary Communications (including telecommunications and postal charges) postal and telecommunications (including Communications Temporary assistance Temporary Communications (including telecommunications and postal charges) postal and telecommunications (including Communications 1 Work years (including salary and pension) and salary (including years Work * Work years (including salary and pension) and salary (including years Work World Trade Organization Annual Report 2010 Secretariat T able 6: Members’ contributions to the WTO budget and the budget of the and budget Appellate Body 2010 2010 contribution after 2010 contribution M ember redistribution of surplus 2008 % Albania 41,668 0.022 Angola 303,040 0.160 Antigua and Barbuda 28,410 0.015 Argentina 634,490 0.335 28,410 0.015 Australia 2,193,252 1.158 Austria 2,428,108 1.282 Bahrain 172,354 0.091 Bangladesh 191,294 0.101 Barbados 28,410 0.015 Belgium 4,797,502 2.533 Belize 28,410 0.015 Benin 28,410 0.015 Bolivia 47,350 0.025 Botswana 64,396 0.034 Brazil 1,787,936 0.944 Brunei Darussalam 62,502 0.033 Bulgaria 297,358 0.157 Burkina Faso 28,410 0.015 Burundi 28,410 0.015 Cambodia 66,290 0.035 Cameroon 64,396 0.034 Canada 6,085,422 3.213 Cape Verde 28,410 0.015 Central African Republic 28,410 0.015 Chad 41,668 0.022 Chile 678,052 0.358 China, People’s Republic of 12,223,876 6.454 Chinese Taipei 3,305,030 1.745 Colombia 382,588 0.202 Congo 62,502 0.033 Costa Rica 160,990 0.085 Côte d’Ivoire 113,640 0.060 320,086 0.169 Cuba 128,792 0.068 Cyprus 125,004 0.066 Czech Republic 1,412,924 0.746 Democratic Republic of the Congo 28,410 0.015 Denmark 1,856,120 0.980 Djibouti 28,410 0.015 Dominica 28,410 0.015 Dominican Republic 166,672 0.088 Ecuador 176,142 0.093 Egypt 498,122 0.263 El Salvador 96,594 0.051 Estonia 178,036 0.094 European Union* 0 0.000 Fiji 28,410 0.015 Finland 1,223,524 0.646 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 49,244 0.026 France 8,761,644 4.626 Gabon 43,562 0.023

* Contributions from the member states of the European Union are made individually by its 27 member states.

Budget World Trade Organization 148 www.wto.org/budget Annual Report 2010 SERT C E A IAT and BUDGET 149 Secretariat Secretariat budget and Budget www.wto.org/budget % .243 .274 .015 .022 .024 .020 .170 .015 .017 .925 .032 .015 .041 .015 .015 .179 .015 .015 .078 .412 .131 .024 .015 .075 .015 .284 .639 .046 .073 .111 .042 .842 .463 .225 .739 .075 .048 .632 .752 .052 .015 .015 .015 .015 .071 .015 .496 .044 .933 .023 .015 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 5 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 2010 contribution 2010

8,410 1,668 5,456 7,880 8,410 2,198 0,608 8,410 7,654 8,410 8,410 8,410 8,410 5,456 8,410 8,410 7,124 9,548 0,912 8,488 8,410 8,410 8,410 8,410 8,410 3,336 3,562 8,410 60,242 2 4 4 3 21,980 2 3 6 2 7 2 2 2 2 47,732 80,328 48,114 4 2 42,050 2 37,896 8 38,262 7 76,922 9 9 2 2 2 2 34,474 2 39,424 8 4 2 4 3 1 7 2 1 5 1 8 1 9 ,200,956 ,645,950 ,233,026 ,998,266 ,680,234 ,276,748 ,320,150 ,399,666 ,036,050 ,197,008 ,212,288 6 3 2 4 9 7 2 1 2 1 5 6,919,102 1 2010 contribution after contribution 2010 budget and the budget of the of budget the and budget O T redistribution of surplus 2008 surplus of redistribution

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e a M mber T 6: ble Appellate Body 2010 (continued) 2010 AppellateBody New Zealand New Nepal Namibia Myanmar, Union of Union Myanmar, Mozambique Morocco Mongolia Moldova Mexico Mauritius Mauritania Mali Malaysia Malawi Madagascar Macao, China Macao, Liechtenstein Lesotho Kyrgyz Republic Kyrgyz Kuwait Korea, Republic of Republic Korea, Kenya Jordan Japan Jamaica Italy Israel Ireland Indonesia India Hungary Hong Kong, China Kong, Hong Honduras Haiti Guyana Guinea-Bissau Guinea Guatemala Grenada Greece Ghana Germany Georgia Gambia World Trade Organization Annual Report 2010 Secretariat T able 6: Members’ contributions to the WTO budget and the budget of the and budget Appellate Body 2010 (continued) 2010 contribution after 2010 contribution M ember redistribution of surplus 2008 % 41,668 0.022 Niger 28,410 0.015 Nigeria 500,016 0.264 1,662,932 0.878 Oman 240,538 0.127 Pakistan 339,026 0.179 Panama 162,884 0.086 35,986 0.019 Paraguay 66,290 0.035 Peru 278,418 0.147 782,222 0.413 1,844,756 0.974 975,410 0.515 Qatar 342,814 0.181 Romania 607,974 0.321 Rwanda 28,410 0.015 Saint Kitts and Nevis 28,410 0.015 Saint Lucia 28,410 0.015 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 28,410 0.015 , Kingdom of 1,884,530 0.995 Senegal 45,456 0.024 Sierra Leone 28,410 0.015 Singapore 4,111,874 2.171 Slovak Republic 632,596 0.334 356,072 0.188 Solomon Islands 28,410 0.015 1,045,488 0.552 5,017,206 2.649 Sri Lanka 138,262 0.073 Suriname 28,410 0.015 Swaziland 32,198 0.017 2,528,490 1.335 Switzerland 2,590,992 1.368 Tanzania 54,926 0.029 Thailand 1,984,912 1.048 Togo 28,410 0.015 Tonga 28,410 0.015 Trinidad and Tobago 126,898 0.067 Tunisia 231,068 0.122 1,708,388 0.902 Uganda 32,198 0.017 Ukraine 695,098 0.367 United Arab Emirates 1,695,130 0.895 United Kingdom 9,668,870 5.105 United States 24,550,028 12.962 Uruguay 73,866 0.039 Venezuela 636,384 0.336 Viet Nam 613,656 0.324 Zambia 43,562 0.023 Zimbabwe 28,410 0.015 Total 189,400,000 100.000

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CEB United Nations Chief Executives Board Billion means one thousand million. CRTA Committee on Regional Trade Minor discrepancies between constituent figures Agreements and totals are due to rounding. CTD Committee on Trade and Development Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are DDA Doha Development Agenda expressed in US dollars; (ii) trade figures include DSB the intra-trade of free trade areas, customs unions, DSU Dispute Settlement Understanding regional and other country groupings. EC European Communities EFTA European Free Trade Association Note EIF Enhanced Integrated Framework This report covers the WTO’s activities in 2009. EU European Union The word ‘country’ is frequently used to describe FAO Food and Agriculture Organization WTO members whereas a few members are officially FDI Foreign direct investment ‘customs territories’, and not necessarily countries GATS General Agreement on Trade in in the usual sense of the word. Services GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GDP Gross domestic product GIs Geographical indications GNP Gross national product GSP Generalized System of Preferences HS Harmonized System ICC International Chamber of Commerce IDB Integrated Database IFC International Finance Corporation IPR Intellectual property rights IPU Inter-Parliamentary Union ITA Information Technology Agreement ITC International Trade Centre ITTC Institute for Training and Technical Cooperation LDCs Least-developed countries MEAs Multilateral environmental agreements MFN Most-favoured nation NAMA Non-agricultural market access NGO Non-governmental organization NTBs Non-tariff barriers OECD Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development PTAs Preferential trade agreements RTAs Regional trade agreements SCM Subsidies and Countervailing Measures SPS Sanitary and phytosanitary measures SSM Special safeguard mechanism STDF Standards and Trade Development Facility SVEs Small, vulnerable economies TBT Technical barriers to trade TNC Trade Negotiations Committee TPR Trade Policy Review TPRM Trade Policy Review Mechanism TRIMs Trade-related investment measures TRIPS Trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights TRTA Trade-related technical assistance UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization VAT Value-added tax WCO World Customs Organization WCP WTO Chairs Programme WHO World Health Organization WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization

WTO website World Trade Organization 152 www.wto.org Annual Report 2010 Who we are The World Trade Organization Further information The WTO website contains a wealth of information about the organization and its activities: www.wto.org deals with the global rules of General information about the WTO is available in the following publications, which may all be downloaded free of charge from the website: trade between nations. Its main WTO in Brief WTO in Brief provides a starting point for essential information about the WTO. Concise and practical, this short function is to ensure that trade brochure is an ideal introduction to the WTO. Understanding the WTO An introduction to the WTO, what it is, why it was created, how it works, and what it does, Understanding the flows as smoothly, predictably WTO has been written specifically for non-specialists. More comprehensive thanWTO in Brief, this publication details WTO agreements, the dispute settlement process, the Doha Round of negotiations and many other issues.

and freely as possible. 10 Benefits of the WTO Trading System From the money in our pockets and the goods and services that we use, to a more peaceful world – the WTO and the trading system offer a range of benefits, some well known, others not so obvious.Ten Benefits of the WTO Trading System tries to reflect the complex and dynamic nature of trade.

10 Common Misunderstandings about the WTO Using this report Is it a dictatorial tool of the rich and powerful? Does it destroy jobs? Does it ignore the concerns of health, The 2010 Annual Report is the environment and development? Emphatically no. Criticisms of the WTO are often based on fundamental misunderstandings of the way the WTO works. This booklet attempts to clear up 10 common misunderstandings.

split into two main sections. Online bookshop Printed publications can be purchased through the WTO’s online bookshop: http://onlinebookshop.wto.org

The first is a brief summary Many publications may be downloaded free of charge from the WTO website: www.wto.org of the organization and a You may register to receive free alerts when new titles become available. Photo credits Cover photos: bottom right Reuters, all other photos Getty. review of 2009. The second Pages 9, 10, 13, 30, 109, 112, 115, 121, 122, 125, 127, 130: Jay Louvion. Pages 16-18, 31, 32, 53, 103, 125: WTO/Annette Walls-Lynch. Pages 20, 22, 25, 26, 50, 59-72: Getty. section provides more Page 103: WTO/Kristian Skeie Page 126: CPA (Commonwealth Parliamentary Association). in‑depth information. Page 127: UN Photo/Paulo Filgueiras. Page 136: WTO/Nadia Rocha.

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ISBN 978-92-870-3711-4 Printed by the WTO Secretariat. Report designed by Likemind. © World Trade Organization 2010 The Report is also available in French and Spanish.

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